JPH01101979A - Alarm system of gas control type for respirator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify configuration and to reduce gas consumption by providing a voice alarm system through an instantaneous open partiton valve to a circuit for connecting a respirator to a patient. CONSTITUTION: When the artificial respirator is in normal function state, an alarm system 3 is disconnected from stock tank 7 by an instantaneous open partition valve 2. The stock tank 7 is still pressed and when a control signal for controlling the partition valve 2 stops, a spring 4 instantaneously and speedily moves the partition valve 2 to an opening position. Thus, a voice alarm system 3 is operated by the pressure of gas stored in the stock tank 7. A membrane 11 is vibrated by gas applied through conduits 9 and 10 at the voice alarm system 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is common practice to use audio and/or visual alert systems to intervene when a ventilator fails. Such an alarm system is activated in the following cases:

- If the respiratory circuit is disconnected from the patient - if the pressure of the breathing gas source drops; - if the respiratory system fails - if the gas supplied is a breathing gas mixture and the oxygen in it is If the ratio of is below the permissible limit.

Alarm systems can be classified into two types. That is, electric or electronic type and gas type. Electric type and electronic type alarm systems do not present any major disadvantages in the case of respirators used in fixed equipment such as operating rooms. However, on the other hand, when used in mobile installations, such as for example ambulances, systems of this type require electrical energy to be supplied by batteries or accumulators. By the way, it is clear that batteries and capacitors cannot always be kept in good condition, and such electrical energy sources cannot be used in certain environments, such as deflagration environments. Gas-controlled alarm systems, on the other hand, cannot be used for mobile ventilators in any case, due to their complex internal structure and extremely high gas consumption. - The invention is characterized by being extremely simple and can be used in both fixed and mobile installations connected to a ventilator, and requires very low gas consumption. The aim is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a completely pneumatically controlled alarm system.

According to the invention, on the circuit connecting the respirator to the patient, a shunt with an instant-open gate valve is branched,
The gate valve is held in an open position by a spring and in the open position supplies gas to a pneumatically operated audio alarm system; and the gate valve connects a ventilator to the patient. Depending on the pressure in the circuit, it is operated according to a control signal that commands the closing of the gate valve and the stoppage of the audio alarm system, or conversely, the opening of the gate valve and the operation of the alarm system. According to certain embodiments, the audio alarm system is bifurcated on the outlet orifice of the gate valve,
It is thus constituted by a reservoir divided into two chambers, one connected to a source of gas coming from a gate valve via a conduit with a fixed resistance, and the other connected to a source of gas coming from a gate valve via a conduit with a variable resistance; The latter chamber has an orifice leading to outside air. The audio signal is composed of t
This is the vibration of the membrane, and the intensity of the vibration can be adjusted by acting on a variable resistance arranged on a pipe supplying gas to a chamber communicating with the outside air.

In order to enable this gas-controlled alarm system to be activated in all cases, more particularly not only when the respiratory circuit is disconnected from the patient, according to the invention:
An amplifying relay is branched on the circuit connecting the ventilator to the patient, a pressurized tank is supplied with gas by a gas source, and is also connected to a reservoir via a reversal valve. , the reservoir is connected to a gate valve controlling an audio alarm system and the pressurized gas therein has two other orifices connected to a gas source and an audio signal system. Another feature of the present invention is that the gas alarm system includes a "suppression" logic mechanism so that it is highly effective under all conditions of use. Complemented by a visual signaling device consisting of a barometric display, the mechanism is connected on the one hand to the gas reservoir commanding the closure of the audio alarm system and on the other hand to the circuit connecting the patient to the ventilator. The invention will be better understood by virtue of the description given below by way of example of several embodiments of the gas-controlled alarm system for ventilators and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Other features of the invention will also become apparent.

Now, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, reference number IVi
, 0 indicating a source of pressurized gas, this source is I-
It may be a tuple bottle or a supply circuit of a fixed installation.OReference number 2 indicates a t gate valve, which normally assumes the open position. "NO" is indicated. Reference numeral 3 designates the entire voice alarm system.According to the invention, the gate valve 2 is held in the open position t under the action of a spring 4 and is controlled by a control signal. The function is controlled, for example, by the pressure prevailing in the circuit connecting the patient to the ventilator or by the pressure of the breathing gas in a commonly used safety mixer. Gas supply through 1jl
il, and the line is equipped with a check valve 6 and a small reservoir 7 from upstream to downstream. The gate valve 2Fi is not only connected to this reservoir 7, but also to the voice alarm system 3 via a line 8, which connects the two chambers 12 by means of a membrane 11.
．． Branch road 9 leading to the main body of the alarm system divided into 13 parts
．． The 0 branch 9, which splits into lO, leads to the chamber 12 and contains a fixed resistor 14. The branch 10 leads to a chamber 13 and contains a variable resistor 15. This chamber 13 is equipped with a tube 16 leading to outside air. When the system is in the rest state, the gate valve 2 is closed. In this position the alarm system 3 is connected to the gas supply source via the gate valve 2 and is supplied with gas from the reservoir 7 via the line 9. 1
The gas entering the alarm system body through the membrane 11 causes the membrane 11 to vibrate. The level of this vibration sound can be adjusted by manual operation on the resistor 15.

When the ventilator is in its normal functioning state, the resulting control signal X moves the gate valve 2 to the f'Lft position shown in FIG. 2 and closes it. At this point, the alarm system 3Fi is no longer connected to the storage tank 7 and disconnected from the circuit. However, since the storage tank receives 1 pressure and continues to be in the state of t, when the control signal that controls the gate valve 2 stops, the spring 4 instantly and quickly moves the gate valve 2f to the t position. Due to this, the voice alarm system 3 is newly activated by the force of the gas stored in the storage tank W17. It must be noted that the gas can be supplied from a gas source or from a non-gas source. If the source is the same, the alarm system can function completely autonomously. - The operating time of the voice alarm system 3 is approximately 7 to 10 seconds if the supply of the gas storage tank 7 is cut off, but if the pressure gradually decreases, the signal will be activated. It should also be noted that the operating time is considerably longer than that.

, 1y3 and 4 show a system of a similar type, but in which gate valve 2 (gate valve No. 2) is controlled by an amplifying relay operated at very low pressure.

The control signal is sent from an amplifier relay 17 via a line 18i on the circuit connecting the patient to the ventilator.The amplifier relay 17 is also directly connected to the gas supply 19.・The supply pressure is also kept between 1 and 10 pars. ・The return spring 4 normally opens the
Gate valve 2Fi held in position, on the one hand line 2
1 directly to the gas supply 5X22. This source may be the same as the source 19 or different. The gate valve 2 is, on the other hand, connected to the voice alarm system 3 in the same way as in the above example. When the control signal is received, the pressure is increased by blowing gas with the atmospheric pressure, and as a result, the amplification relay 17K commands 1, for example, the pressure increases to ts5? - Sends out an amplified signal of approximately This signal causes the closure of the gate valve 2, so that the widening relay 17 branches over the gate valve 2 with a conduit 23 having a reverse valve 24 and is connected to the gate valve 2 by a reservoir 25. Therefore, the operation of the audio signal of the %1 notification system will be suppressed.

During the breathing phase, the amplifier IIV-17 is at rest and the reservoir 25 is emptied very gradually by the backflow of the reversal valve 24, which in fact presents a very high resistance.

The system is returned to active state 79 each time gas is blown. K because the gate valve 2 opens rapidly under the action of the return spring 40 and activates the audible alarm system.
It is therefore necessary for about a tenth of a second to pass without returning to the active state, especially if the circuit connecting the patient to the ventilator does not register a rise in pressure1. This indicates that the respiratory system has been disconnected.

This system has, among other things, the following advantages:

- This alarm system is activated until stopped by the first inspiration, so that an automatic test of the alarm system can be carried out at the start of the equipment. - The alarm system can be used not only when the patient and the ventilator are disconnected, but also when the patient and the ventilator are disconnected. Gas supply equipment uses a gas pump, and it operates even when the pressure inside the gas tank drops. The f1'72 Nidis stem shown in Figures 5 and 6 is
It is similar to that of Figures 3 and 4, but is further complemented in the sense that the audio warning system is coupled with a visual warning system. The mechanism consists of a t-barometric display device, one branched off by a line 28 on or at its outlet on the reservoir 25, and the other branched off on the intake control device by a line 29.

When the pressure within reservoir 25 becomes high enough, the display device is "suppressed." Conversely, when the pressure decreases, the inhibition disappears and the display device 26 is activated in the same rhythm as the ventilator; this would be the case, for example, if the ventilator was disconnected from the patient.

A system with this complementary function has the following advantages: The one-visual alarm system 26 can be used in any situation, such as in a loud environment where the audible alarm cannot be heard, such as inside a helicopter. The operation of the O-indication device 26, which can fulfill its role as a device, does not require any consumption of gas.

As in case 1 above (Figs. 3 and 4), an automatic test of the alarm system can be carried out during the first intake when starting up the installation.

,? The system shown in Figure 7 does not differ from the systems shown in Figures 5 and 6, except for the addition of an auxiliary mechanism. The auxiliary mechanism is a controlled methane that can optionally disable the use of the audio warning system. This mechanism is constituted by a gate valve 32 connected to a reservoir 34 by a line 33 and having a drain orifice 35. This gate valve 32Fi
, is held in the closed position by the action of a spring 36, and is equipped with a push button 37 for manual opening. Also, upstream of the storage tank 34,
A resistor 38 and a check valve 39 are provided.

The gate valve 32 is closed in a normal state. Accordingly, the voice alarm system 3 and the display device 26 operate in the same manner as in the previous example (Figures 5 and 6) and the gas supply to the voice alarm system 3 is separated from the reservoir valve 2
The audible alarm system 3 and display 26 are normally activated when the patient and ventilator are disconnected and when the pressure drops, but the push button 3
Pressing 7 empties the reservoir 34 by 2'x, thereby deactivating the audio warning system 3 but keeping the visual warning system 26 active. In order to fill the reservoir 34 with gas via a resistor 38 having a value smaller than the resistance of the audio warning system 3, the butane can be released. A few seconds later, the audio warning system 3 starts operating.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the several embodiments of the gas-controlled forecast system shown above by way of example. On the contrary, the invention encompasses all embodiments and variations of application.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows the voice warning system in a normal state and is the simplest system configuration diagram. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the same system when it is in use but no alarm is activated. Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams similar to Figures 1 and 2, but showing a system in which the gate valve is controlled by a widening relay. ,? Figures 5 and 16 are similar to Figures 4 and 5, but are diagrams illustrating the use of both an audio warning system and a visual warning system. ,? Figure 7 is 1. ? FIG. 16 is a nine-line diagram similar to FIGS. 5 and 16, but showing an alarm system provided with manual control means for optionally deactivating the audio signal device; l...-Gas supply source, 2-...Gate valve 13...Audio alarm system, 5.8...Pipeline, 7. ...Storage tank, 9.10... Branch path, 11... Membrane, 12
．． 13...Chamber, 14...Fixed resistance% 1
5...Variable resistor・ 17... Width increase relay・ 26・
・・Display device・ 27・・Suppression logic mechanism, 37・・
・Push geta 2. . IG-7 Procedural amendment (method) November 24, 1986

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a gas-controlled alarm system for a ventilator, a branch path having an instantaneous gate valve (2) is branched on a circuit (1, 22) connecting the ventilator to a patient. The gate valve (2) is held in the open position by a spring (4), and in the open position supplies gas to the pneumatically operated audio warning system (3); ) closes the gate valve (2) and deactivates the audio alarm system (3), or conversely opens the gate valve and activates the alarm system, depending on the pressure in the circuit connecting the ventilator to the patient. An alarm system characterized in that it operates in accordance with a control signal (X) that commands. 2. In the gas-controlled alarm system according to claim 1, the audio alarm system includes a gate valve (2).
It is branched on the exit orifice of the membrane (1
1), on the one hand (12) via a branch (9) with a fixed resistance (14) and on the other hand (13) via a variable resistance (
15) through a branch passage (10) with a gate valve (2)
Two chambers (
An alarm system comprising a storage tank divided into two chambers (12, 13), the latter chamber (13) having an orifice (16) connected to the outside air. 3. In the gas-controlled alarm system according to claim 1 or 2, the amplification relay (17) is branched on the circuit connecting the respiratory machine to the patient, and is pressurized. Gas is supplied by a gas source and a check valve (24
) is connected to a storage tank (25), which is also connected to a gate valve (25) that controls an audio alarm system (3).
), and the pressurized gas therein is
An alarm system characterized in that it constitutes means for commanding the closure of said gate valve having two other orifices for connection to a pressurized gas source (22) and an audio signal system (3), respectively. 4. Any one of claims 1 to 3
In the pneumatically controlled alarm system according to paragraph 1, the system is supplemented with a visual signaling device consisting of a pneumatic display device (26) with an "inhibition" logic mechanism (27), the mechanism being on the one hand , a gas storage tank (25) that commands the closure of the gate valve (2) that controls the function of the audio alarm system (3).
and the other connected to a circuit connecting the patient to the ventilator. 5. Any one of claims 1 to 4
In the gas-controlled alarm system described in paragraph 1, the voice alarm system (3) is connected to a storage tank (2) through a gate valve (2).
Gas is supplied by a resistor (34) and the reservoir is supplied with gas by a resistor (38).
) and a check valve (39) to a pressurized gas source, and the storage tank (34) is further connected to a second gate valve (31), which is connected to the outside air and is provided with a push button (37) that can open the reservoir (34) to connect it to the outside air, subject to the action of a spring (36) to hold it in the closed position. An alarm system characterized by: