JPH01101829A - Breeding coop for animal of mixed blood - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a breeding pen for warm-blood animals capable of obtaining a uniform air environment from air introduced into a chamber composed by providing an animal residence area on the outer side of an air incoming passage from a ventilation opening to a floor so as not to expose the animals inside the animal residence area to outdoor air from the opening provided on the ceiling. CONSTITUTION: By the operation of a fan 15, the air is discharged 56 from the inside of the chambers 7 and 8 to the outside, the inside of the chambers is turned to a negative pressure and the fresh outdoor air of a relatively low temperature is introduced 26 from the ceiling to a normal breeding pen. Then, the outdoor air is supplied vertically downwards inside the chamber by a gravity function, passed through the side of the animal residence areas 51 and 52 and made to flow further downwards to the floor 11. Then, the fresh air is made to flow to side walls 2 and 5 and deflected upwards further. In the meantime, since the animals housed in the areas 51 and 52 arranged on the outer side of the air incoming passage from the ventilation opening 26 to the floor 11 are warm-blooded, a rising air flow is generated in the areas 51 and 52. Thus, the air flow deflected upwards by the side walls 2 and 5 cooperates with the rising air flow and forms an eddy and the fresh outdoor air from the outside is made to flow inside the chamber without being locally stagnated inside the chamber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a shed used for raising warm-blooded animals such as chickens, pigs, and cows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A raid pen of the type described above has a chamber defined by two side walls, a ceiling and a floor.

In order to ventilate the air in the room, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-36752, the air is taken in through an inlet installed in the ceiling and exhausted through an outlet installed below the side wall, or , Tokuden! As described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1855-6813, this was normally accomplished by introducing air through an inlet provided below or above the side wall and exhausting the air through an exhaust port provided in the ceiling.

In addition, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-24020, there are breeding sheds that have an inlet at the bottom of the side wall and an inlet and an outlet at the ceiling.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) Publication of Utility Model Publication No. 55-36752, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-6813
In the breeding shed described in the publication, the air introduced into the room moves diagonally, so the uniform movement of indoor air is disrupted by the interference of gravity caused by the temperature difference inside the room, and fresh air introduced from outside is There is insufficient mixing between the normal air and the indoor air, making it difficult to create a uniform air environment indoors. When the indoor air environment becomes uneven in this manner, there is a problem in that the breeding and production activities of animals to be kept indoors are inhibited, and productivity is eventually reduced.

In addition, in the case of a breeding shed like the one disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-24020, an inlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall, so the air introduced into the room through this inlet is
As in the case of Japanese Patent Publication No. 752 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-6813, there is a possibility of diagonal movement. Even if the air does not move diagonally, the air passes near the floor in areas other than those directly below the inlet and exhaust ports provided in the ceiling, as stated in the same publication, so air passes near the floor in the upper part of the room. are constantly exposed to dirty air. Therefore, if the animal living area reaches the top of the shed, the animals living above
? 15 is constantly exposed to dirty air. Another problem is that when outside air is introduced through an inlet provided in the ceiling, the outside air may directly flow into the animal on the floor directly below the inlet, causing stress.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the invention, a shed for breeding warm-blooded animals includes at least one elongated space defined by two side walls facing each other, a ceiling and a floor; a ventilation opening provided in the ceiling along the longitudinal direction of the chamber, through which air enters due to the negative pressure of the chamber; an air outlet provided in the ceiling; and at least one sidewall of the two sidewalls. and an animal living area defined within the room and located between the ventilation opening and a vertical line passing through the ventilation opening.

(Function) The air exhaust means operates to exhaust air from the room to the outside, thereby creating negative pressure in the room. Normally, the air temperature inside the breeding shed is always higher than the outside air temperature, so the negative pressure allows relatively low-temperature fresh outside air to flow vertically downward into the room through the ventilation openings in the ceiling due to the action of gravity. and flows further down towards the floor past the animal habitat area. Fresh outside air flowing in direction F towards the floor is deflected by the floor, flows towards the side walls and is deflected upward by the side walls. On the other hand, since the animals housed in the animal living area located outside the air inlet passage leading from the ventilation opening to the floor are warm-blooded, upward air currents are generated in the animal living area. Therefore, the airflow deflected upward by the side wall cooperates with the updraft,
A vortex is formed, and in this way, fresh air from the outside flows through the room without being locally stagnant within the room.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a breeding shed for warm-blooded animals according to an embodiment of the invention consists of an elongated building 1 having a conventional foundation and frame structure, the buildings 1 being spaced apart from each other. It has two opposite elongated, substantially air-tight side walls 2 (one side wall is not visible in Figure 1) and a sloped roof 3 with a ridge 3'. The side walls 2 and the roof 3 are made of a sheet metal side wall material and roof material having heat insulating properties. A door 4 is provided on one end wall 53 and the other end wall 54 (see FIG. 3) in the longitudinal direction of the building 1, but it is preferable that there be no windows. As shown in Figures 2 and 4, two
A central partition wall, that is, a third side wall 5 (hereinafter simply referred to as side wall 5) is provided between the two side walls 2, and extends in the longitudinal direction.
These three side walls 2 and 5, the ceiling 6 and the floor 11 delimit the interior of the building 1 into two elongated, substantially enclosed chambers 7 and 8. Side wall 5 and ceiling 6 are side wall 2
is made of the same material. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the ceiling 6 of each room 7.8 has ventilation openings 26 spaced apart from each other at regular intervals along the longitudinal central axis of the room. The ventilation opening 26 has an elongated rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the building 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

As clearly shown in FIG. 4, within each chamber 7.8, a vertical line passing through the center of the ventilation opening 26 and
Animal living areas 51 and 52 for accommodating warm animals, respectively, are defined between the two and facing each other. In the illustrated embodiment, each animal living area 51.52
has a plurality of vertically spaced tiers s9 on the side walls 2 and 5.
is supported adjacent to. The cage 9 has ventilation openings 26 for the animals.
from the ventilation opening 26 to avoid exposure to outside air from the floor 1.
It is located outside the intake passage leading to the air intake passage.

These 119 are, for example, of a wire mesh structure with a mesh bottom through which chicken droppings can pass. Except for the top step (see Figure 9), each step has a continuous sheet metal top 9' that slopes outwardly and downwardly toward the adjacent side walls 2 and 5, so that excrement does not enter the lower S9. Each chamber 7.8 is provided with a central passageway 10 between the opposing primary living areas 51 and 52, which central passageway 10 is connected to the rest of the floor 11. It's more raised than.

The overall layout of Building 1 is shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5.
Best shown in fig. Although the dimensions can vary widely, in the illustrated embodiment each chamber has 7.8
The inside dimensions are approximately 79.3 m (260 ft) x approximately 2.
4 m (8 ft) and the height of the ceiling 6 is approximately 2 from the floor 11.
．． It is 9 m (9-1/2 feet).

As shown in FIG. 3, adjacent to one longitudinal end wall 53 of the building 1 is a utility and storage room separated from rooms 7 and 8 by an impermeable curtain 13 or wall. There are 12. The end of the side wall 5 adjacent to the other longitudinal end wall 54 of the building 1 is connected to the other end wall 54 of the building 1.
separated inwardly from The two chambers 7 and 8 are connected to each other at both ends of the side wall 5 to provide ventilation.

As shown in FIG. 5, on the ceiling 6 of each room 7.8,
An air outlet 56 is provided in the portion of the roof 3 corresponding to the raised portion 3'.
are provided, the air outlet 56 being located on the central longitudinal axis of each chamber 7.8.

A rectangular frame 16 is attached to the air outlet 56 so as to protrude into the raised portion 3' of the roof 3, and an air exhaust means, that is, a large-capacity fan 15 is attached within the rectangular frame 16. The elevations 3' are distributed substantially evenly in the longitudinal direction of the building 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the distance between the centers of adjacent ridges 3' is approximately 18.9 m (62 m).
feet), and the distance between the extreme end ridge 3' and the adjacent end of the chamber 7.8 containing the mirror 9 is approximately half the center-to-center distance. Each ridge 3' is approximately 12 feet long, with one end of each ridge 3' being approximately 5 feet higher than the other end. The bulge 3' is sealed against the attic 23 (FIG. 4) and forms an exhaust space 19, which
communicates with the outside of the building 1 only through a large window or exhaust opening 2o on one side of the building 1.

At the top of each rectangular frame 16 a light insulation door 17,18 is pivotably provided. These doors 17.18 are normally closed and seal the lower chamber 7.8 from the exhaust space 19. When the fan 15 is activated, the door 17
．． 18 will be blown open. As can be understood from FIG. 5, in the case of the fan 15 farther from the exhaust opening 20,
Opening of the door 17 is achieved through the pivoting end of the door 17 and the raised portion 3'.
is restricted by a cord 17' connected between. Frame 1 of fan 15 adjacent to exhaust opening 20
An inclined deflection plate 18' is fixed inside the 6.
This prevents air blown out by another fan 15 from interfering with the opening operation of the door 18.

This deflection plate 18' limits the opening of the door 18, so that in this case a cord such as cord 17' is not required.

As shown in FIG. 2, one or more fans 15 may pass through exhaust openings 20 during operation, which may interfere with lighting schemes requiring darkness during daylight hours. To minimize the light incident on 7 and 8, conventional light trapping panels 21, such as those available from Acta Engineering and Manufacturing Corporation of Muskothie, Oklahoma, are used. . Such a panel 21 has closely spaced upright blinds 22 of serpentine cross-section, so as to effectively limit the incidence of light without unduly restricting the passage of air between the blinds 22.

As best shown in FIG. 4, the dark, horizontal ceiling 6 of the ridge 3' forming the internal exhaust space 19
The attic 23 above communicates with the exterior of the building 1 by a continuous inlet air space 24 formed between the double exterior walls along one side of the building 1. The outermost wall portion, that is, the lower end of the deflection plate 25 is separated from the ground, and the roof 3
extending downward. In a typical embodiment, the inlet air space 24 is approximately 610 (2 feet) wide and the attic 23 has an average height of 611 (2 feet).

As mentioned above, the ceiling 6 of each room 7.8 is provided with a narrow ventilation opening 26 extending in the longitudinal direction. These ventilation openings 26 are connected to the elongated ceiling 6 below the attic 23.
are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals along the The effective opening degree of each ventilation opening 26 is adjusted by sliding a sliding door 27, and as shown in FIG. It rests on a protruding lip 28.

In a typical installation, the ventilation opening 26 is approximately 33C wide.
11 (13 inches) and the length is approximately 1221 (48 inches)
adjacent ventilation openings 2 spaced apart from each other by approximately 122 m (48 inches), i.e. arranged as closely as possible, with the sliding door 27 fully open.
It is designed not to interfere with 6.

As best shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, one continuous cable 29 is connected near the ceiling 6 to one chamber 7.
extending longitudinally through the building 1 and attached to each sliding door 27 of one of the rooms 7 and then the building 1.
The other longitudinal end of! ! ! 54 and back through the other chamber 8 where the cable 29 is passed through the respective sliding door 27 of the other chamber 8.
is fixed. At one longitudinal end wall 53 of the building 1, the cable 29 passes around another pulley 31 and extends to a sprocket 32 driven by a motor 33. This motor 33 operates to slide all sliding doors 27 simultaneously to increase or decrease the effective opening of all ventilation openings 26 by the same amount.

Approximately -23.3°C (-10"F) to 26.7°C (80"
F), the operation of the fan 15 and the motor 33 controlling the position of the sliding door 27 are interrelated to maintain a substantially constant temperature in the chambers 7 and 8. . For domestic egg-laying hens, the appropriate temperature for laying eggs is approximately 21.1°C (70″F) to approximately 26.7°C.
(below 80). Each fan 15 is the fifth
It has temperature sensors schematically indicated by 34 in the figure, and when each temperature sensor 34 senses a temperature slightly exceeding a desired temperature, it activates the fan 15 corresponding to that temperature sensor 34, and When a temperature slightly lower than a predetermined temperature is detected, the fan 15 is stopped. In a typical embodiment, such temperature sensor 34 measures the temperature within chambers 7 and 8 at 26.7±0.
Fans 15 are operated as required to maintain a temperature of 22 degrees Celsius (80±0.4"F). Each fan 15 is operated separately and independently from other fans 15. If one or more of the fans 15 malfunction and reach a dangerous temperature, a temperature sensor 35 located in the center of each chamber 7.8 will activate the fans 15. In this case, the emergency temperature at which all fans 15 are activated is 35°C (95'F).

The opening of the sliding door 27 is correlated with the operation of the fan 15 to create a desired negative pressure, preferably 0.05 m below the external pressure.
254aw* to 0.7624111 (0,01 to 0
．． 03 inches) so that a negative pressure of one column of water is maintained in chambers 7 and 8.

One way to accomplish this is to use a differential pressure sensor 36, shown schematically in FIG. I! It is designed to measure the pressure difference in the darkness with 123. The sliding door 2 is controlled by such a differential pressure sensor 36.
The motor 33 is controlled to open and close 7 to maintain the pressure within a desired range. In a representative embodiment, 9
If the pressure in i7 and 8 is approximately 0.254 awt to 0.76.2 JII (0.01 inch to 0.03 inch) below the pressure in attic 1123, motor 33 will operate. The sliding door 27 is held in its current position. The pressure difference is about 0.254am
+(0,01 inches) water column, motor 33 is activated to begin closing sliding door 27;
The above pressure difference is approximately 0.762 am+ (0.03 inch)
If it is larger than the water column, the motor 33 is activated and the sliding door 27 begins to open. In the illustrated embodiment, the ends of chambers 7 and 8 are interconnected for ventilation, so that all sliding doors 2
7 are moved by the same amount at the same time. Approximately 137m (450m
In the case of rooms 7.8 having a length greater than 1.5 feet, each room 7.8 is The sliding door 27 in 7.8 is the sliding door 27 in another room 7.8.
The chambers must be operated separately and independently so that the respective chambers are substantially sealed from each other. In this case, it is necessary to provide each chamber with a separate differential pressure sensor 36.

The air flow pattern when the sliding door 27 is fully or partially opened is shown by arrows in FIG.

The advantage of keeping the pressure in chambers 7 and 8 lower than the pressure in the attic 23 is that fresh outside air is essentially injected into chambers 7 and 8 as a jet, and that this jet of air is injected into the chambers 7 and 8 at the central passage 10! ! 2 and 5, the jet of air flows substantially straight downwards between opposing animal habitat areas 51 and 520. The jet of air passes under the lowest cage 9 which is spaced upwardly from the floor 11 by a distance of at least about one foot. If the number of tiers is large, the distance between the lowest tier and the floor 11 is increased. The air flow is forced under the lowermost rung towards the side walls 2 and 5, then upwardly along the rear sides 12 and 5 of S9, and then the cage 9
and through S9. On the other hand, animal living area 5
Since the chickens housed in areas 1 and 52 are warm-blooded, an updraft is generated within their living areas 51 and 52. Therefore, the air flowing upward along the side walls 2 and 5 cooperates with its updraft to form a vortex, and thus the fresh outside air injected into the chambers 7 and 8 is disturbed with the air inside the chambers 7 and 8. The mixture is thoroughly mixed in a flowing state. In order to maintain substantially uniform airflow through the vertically spaced stages, I! i9 are spaced apart from the rear side walls 2 and 5 of these cages '9, the spacing between each tier and its adjacent side wall 2.5 being greater in the lower tier than in the upper tier. . This allows the air flow to be metered so that approximately the same volume of air passes through each stage. In a typical embodiment, the top step is approximately 50.8 am+ (2 inches) apart from the adjacent sidewalls 2.5, and each lower step is approximately 50.8 am+ (2 inches) further apart than the step above it.
It is separated from the side wall 2.5 by 0.8 mm (2 inches) more. This metered circulating air flow configuration exposes all chickens to substantially the same temperature environment.

Due to the generally circular air flow configuration along the side walls 2 and 5, faeces collected on the top 9' and floor 11 are quickly dried. Another advantage of the preferred air flow configuration is that as a result of the sharply deflected jet of fresh air injected at the central passage 10, most of the dust and electrostatic particles are not suspended in the air; 10.

One of the more important design considerations is that one fan 15
The problem is how much r the sliding door 27 is opened when the driver is driving. The dimensions of the ventilation opening 26, in particular its width, and the extent to which the sliding door 27 is opened are such that fresh air flows in the desired jet into the chambers 7 and 8 and that the jet is substantially directed towards the central passage 10. It must be sufficient to flow. several times smaller than the length d
For example, a greater number of such The sliding door 27 is fully opened to ensure the desired circular airflow configuration, compared to the case where the sliding door is only slightly opened with a large ventilation opening. If a large number of ventilation openings are provided so that the sliding door can only be opened slightly, the jet mixes with the air in chambers 7 and 8 before reaching the central passage 10, and at the top of chambers 7 and 8. It will be dissipated. For a given size and spacing of ventilation openings 26, the pressure differential range can be adjusted to obtain the desired airflow configuration.

If the pressure difference between the chambers 7 and 8 and the attic 23 is too small, the jet will dissipate before reaching the central passage 10, whereas if the pressure difference is too large, an undesirable uneven cooling will occur. This occurs in chambers 7 and 8.

The upright inlet air space 24 directs air into the attic 23 from a position close to the ground and ensures that the coldest possible air is supplied into the rooms 7 and 8. In the northern hemisphere, the building 1 is preferably oriented such that the inlet air space 24 is located on the dark north side. A long upright artificial air space 24 limits the amount of light incident into the chambers 7 and 8 when the sliding door 27 is open. The inlet air space 24 and the exhaust openings 2o are arranged on both sides of the building 1 to minimize the circulation of ventilated stale room air back into the inlet air space @24.

For egg-laying hens, the capacity of the fans 15 is such that when all fans 15 are operating, the air circulation rate is 1 minute per minute.
It has been selected to have at least 0.142 m3 (5 cubic feet) per wing to ensure adequate cooling in warm weather. When trying to maintain an ideal indoor temperature, the temperature should be approximately -23.3℃ (-10℃).
) Some supplemental heating is required for outside temperatures below ), and some supplemental cooling is required for sustained outside temperatures of approximately 29.4°C (85″F) or higher. 4th
As shown in the figure, an auxiliary cooling section can be provided by placing an evaporative cooling pad 4o below the deflection plate 25 at the fresh outside air inlet.

A phlebotomy pen according to an embodiment of the invention is suitable for automatic control by a computer 37 as schematically illustrated in FIG. Each separate temperature sensor 34 for each fan 15 is connected to a computer 37 so that the computer 37 monitors the temperature of the area near each fan 15. Furthermore, the computer 37 monitors the pressure difference and controls the motor 33 of the sliding door 27 accordingly, and also detects any temperature emergency conditions by means of an auxiliary temperature sensor 35 mounted in the center of each chamber 7.8. is being monitored. In addition to the main power supply 138, an auxiliary or emergency power supply 39 should be provided in case of an accident with the main power supply 38. Otherwise, given the high density of animals in captivity, even a fairly short power outage could cause considerable damage. The computer 37 is capable of controlling the lighting of the building 1 as well as all other automatic devices.

Tests were carried out to determine the number of fans 15 to be operated and the position of the sliding door 27 required depending on the desired pressure difference between rooms 7 and 8 and the attic 23 rather than the actual control system. This can be done using alternative control systems. The computer 37 is capable of monitoring the position of the sliding door 27, as shown schematically at 41 in FIG. 33 can be programmed to operate. For example, testing of an embodiment generally corresponding to that illustrated has shown that the sliding door 27 opens about 20 inches when one fan 15 is operated, and gradually opens as the other fans 15 are operated. It was confirmed that it opens by a large but substantially constant distance.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention should not be limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and modifications can be made. For example, although it has been described that there are two chambers 7 and 8, there may be one or more chambers, and in the case of one chamber, the central side wall 5 is not necessary, and there may be three chambers. If more chambers are provided, the number of central II walls 5 may be increased.

Although the chamber has been described as being substantially sealed, the opening 200 may be provided above the central side wall 5 and above the upper end of Ic9, as shown in FIG.

In addition, when multiple stages of cages 9 are arranged, it has been explained that the interval between each stage and the adjacent side wall is larger than the upper stage, but the upper stage is larger than the lower stage. It may be larger than a step.

Additionally, although the ventilation openings 26 have been described as being joined to the ceiling 6 in spaced relation to each other along the central longitudinal axis of each chamber 7.8, they are not necessarily aligned with each other along the central longitudinal axis. Room 7. Does not need to be isolated.
For example, the ceiling 6 may be provided in a staggered manner along the longitudinal direction of the ceiling 6 .

In addition, although it has been explained that the animal living areas 51 and 52 are placed between the vertical line passing through the ventilation opening 2θ and the side walls 2 and 5, only one of the animal living areas m1a51 and 52 is placed. You may let them.

(Effects of the Invention) In the breeding shed for warm-blooded animals according to the present invention, a ventilation opening is provided in the ceiling, and the ventilation opening is provided as an animal living area so that the animal is not exposed to outside air from the ventilation opening. Since the animal living area is located outside the inlet passage leading from the frontage to the floor, relatively low temperature fresh air is introduced vertically downward into the room by the action of gravity through the ventilation opening. Outside air does not flow directly into the animal habitat, but instead flows down the side of the animal habitat toward the floor. The descending air is then deflected by the floor, flows toward the side walls, and is further deflected by the side walls to flow upward. On the other hand, since the animals housed in the animal living area are warm-blooded, an updraft is generated in the animal living area, and the air deflected by the side walls and flowing upward works with the updraft. It forms a vortex and mixes with the indoor air.

In this way, the outside air introduced into the room flows through the room without being locally stagnate, creating a -like air environment in the room. This promotes the growth of indoor animals and increases productivity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the entire breeding shed for warm-blooded animals according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a v4i! ! A partially cutaway enlarged perspective view of the shed; Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-31ii in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line 3-31ii in Figure 1; 5-51i1 in the figure, Figure 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the ventilation opening provided in the ceiling, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism for driving the sliding door, and Figure 8 is t, q used in the breeding shed shown in Figure 1
FIG. 9, a block diagram of the M system, is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing a temperature blood animal breeding house according to another embodiment of the present invention. 2.5...Side wall, 6...Ceiling, 7.8
...Room, 11...Floor, 15...
・Air exhaust means or fans, 26...Ventilation openings, 51.52...Animal living areas, 56...
・Air outlet, 200...opening.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) at least one elongated chamber for housing warm-blooded animals defined by two side walls facing each other, a ceiling and a floor; and a ceiling along the length of the chamber; a ventilation opening provided in the ceiling for inlet air by negative pressure in the room; an air outlet provided in the ceiling; and a vertical line passing through at least one of the two side walls and the ventilation opening. and an animal living area defined within the room and located between the house. (2) The warm-blooded animal breeding shed according to claim 1, wherein the chamber is substantially sealed. (3) A patent characterized in that two or more chambers are provided, each of the two or more chambers has one side wall in common, and the common side wall has an opening above the animal living area. A breeding shed for warm-blooded animals according to claim 1.