JP7620633B2 - コンピュータで実現される糖尿病管理方法 - Google Patents
コンピュータで実現される糖尿病管理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7620633B2 JP7620633B2 JP2022540465A JP2022540465A JP7620633B2 JP 7620633 B2 JP7620633 B2 JP 7620633B2 JP 2022540465 A JP2022540465 A JP 2022540465A JP 2022540465 A JP2022540465 A JP 2022540465A JP 7620633 B2 JP7620633 B2 JP 7620633B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- insulin
- user
- bolus
- processor
- glucose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
- A61M5/172—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
- A61M5/1723—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4836—Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods
- A61B5/4839—Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods combined with drug delivery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7275—Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/14244—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/10—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
- G16H20/17—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered via infusion or injection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/63—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0295—Strip shaped analyte sensors for apparatus classified in A61B5/145 or A61B5/157
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B5/02055—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
- A61B5/1118—Determining activity level
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6814—Head
- A61B5/6815—Ear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M2005/14208—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps with a programmable infusion control system, characterised by the infusion program
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
- A61M5/172—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
- A61M5/1723—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure
- A61M2005/1726—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure the body parameters being measured at, or proximate to, the infusion site
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/52—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201962955338P | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | |
| US62/955,338 | 2019-12-30 | ||
| PCT/US2020/066746 WO2021138171A1 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2020-12-23 | Computer-implemented diabetes management methods |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2023508562A JP2023508562A (ja) | 2023-03-02 |
| JP2023508562A5 JP2023508562A5 (https=) | 2024-01-04 |
| JP7620633B2 true JP7620633B2 (ja) | 2025-01-23 |
Family
ID=74184955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022540465A Active JP7620633B2 (ja) | 2019-12-30 | 2020-12-23 | コンピュータで実現される糖尿病管理方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12576207B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP4084687B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP7620633B2 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN114929107A (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES3011341T3 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2021138171A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230165490A1 (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-01 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | Real-time meal detection based on sensor glucose and estimated plasma insulin levels |
| CH719908A2 (de) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-31 | Ypsomed Ag | Ein smartes Injektionssystem. |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090069787A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | M2 Medical | Activity Sensing Techniques for an Infusion Pump System |
| WO2013023014A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | Scherb Cliff | System and method for determining an amount of insulin to administer to a diabetic patient |
| JP2017505695A (ja) | 2014-01-31 | 2017-02-23 | アセコー インコーポレイテッド | インスリン管理 |
| WO2018194838A1 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | Animas Corporation | Diabetes management system with automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control |
| WO2019025506A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Diabeloop | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REGULATION OF CLOSED-LOOP GLYCEMIA |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6925393B1 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2005-08-02 | Roche Diagnostics Gmbh | System for the extrapolation of glucose concentration |
| EP2191405B1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2019-05-01 | Roche Diabetes Care GmbH | Medical diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis system for invoked events and method thereof |
| EP2562664B1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2020-11-25 | Roche Diabetes Care GmbH | System for determining an insulin delivery and communicating a dose in automated pancreas software |
| US8734422B2 (en) * | 2008-08-31 | 2014-05-27 | Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. | Closed loop control with improved alarm functions |
| US20110071464A1 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-03-24 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | Semi-closed loop insulin delivery |
| BR112012007134A2 (pt) * | 2009-09-29 | 2016-08-23 | Lifescan Scotland Ltd | dispositivo e método de teste de analito para controle de diabetes |
| US20110137141A1 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Wireless Monitoring of Multiple Vital Signs |
| US10458973B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2019-10-29 | Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. | Handheld diabetes management device with bolus calculator |
| US9786024B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2017-10-10 | Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. | Graphical user interface for a handheld diabetes management device with bolus calculator |
| US10251583B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2019-04-09 | Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. | Insulin pump and methods for operating the insulin pump |
| US9526834B2 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2016-12-27 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | Safeguarding measures for a closed-loop insulin infusion system |
| US9594354B1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2017-03-14 | Dp Technologies, Inc. | Smart watch extended system |
| US10617363B2 (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2020-04-14 | Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. | Methods and systems for analyzing glucose data measured from a person having diabetes |
| US12142580B2 (en) * | 2021-05-03 | 2024-11-12 | Nvidia Corporation | Integrated circuit physical security device having a security cover for an integrated circuit |
-
2020
- 2020-12-23 JP JP2022540465A patent/JP7620633B2/ja active Active
- 2020-12-23 EP EP20842147.9A patent/EP4084687B1/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 WO PCT/US2020/066746 patent/WO2021138171A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-23 ES ES20842147T patent/ES3011341T3/es active Active
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202080091732.XA patent/CN114929107A/zh active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 US US17/851,679 patent/US12576207B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090069787A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | M2 Medical | Activity Sensing Techniques for an Infusion Pump System |
| WO2013023014A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | Scherb Cliff | System and method for determining an amount of insulin to administer to a diabetic patient |
| JP2017505695A (ja) | 2014-01-31 | 2017-02-23 | アセコー インコーポレイテッド | インスリン管理 |
| WO2018194838A1 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | Animas Corporation | Diabetes management system with automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control |
| WO2019025506A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Diabeloop | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REGULATION OF CLOSED-LOOP GLYCEMIA |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4084687A1 (en) | 2022-11-09 |
| WO2021138171A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
| ES3011341T3 (en) | 2025-04-07 |
| EP4084687C0 (en) | 2025-01-29 |
| EP4084687B1 (en) | 2025-01-29 |
| CN114929107A (zh) | 2022-08-19 |
| US12576207B2 (en) | 2026-03-17 |
| US20220323676A1 (en) | 2022-10-13 |
| JP2023508562A (ja) | 2023-03-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10188796B2 (en) | Method and system for management of diabetes with a glucose monitor and infusion pump to provide feedback on bolus dosing | |
| US20100298685A1 (en) | Adaptive insulin delivery system | |
| US20090164190A1 (en) | Physiological condition simulation device and method | |
| US12217843B2 (en) | Bolus calculator with probabilistic carbohydrate measurements | |
| JP7620633B2 (ja) | コンピュータで実現される糖尿病管理方法 | |
| US10518031B2 (en) | Bolus calculator with probabilistic glucose measurements | |
| HK40000216A (en) | Bolus calculator with probabilistic glucose measurements | |
| HK40009083B (zh) | 具有概率碳水化合物测量的大剂量计算器 | |
| HK40008528B (zh) | 基於风险的范围控制方法及装置 | |
| HK40009083A (en) | Bolus calculator with probabilistic carbohydrate measurements |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20231220 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20231220 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20240917 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20241213 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20250107 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20250110 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7620633 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |