JP7579570B2 - 術後治療用in situ噴霧生体応答性免疫療法ゲル - Google Patents
術後治療用in situ噴霧生体応答性免疫療法ゲル Download PDFInfo
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Description
手術用技術が継続的に改善されているにもかかわらず、腫瘍切除後の残存微小腫瘍および/または循環腫瘍細胞(CTC)は、依然として難題である。外傷によって誘発された周術期の炎症は、腫瘍の再発、局所的な残存腫瘍の再発の加速、ならびに腫瘍の浸潤および転移の促進のリスクが高いことも実証されている。しかしながら、全身化学療法および放射線療法などの確立された治療法に依存する現在のアプローチは、高い毒性プロファイルをもたし得る。必要なことは、毒性の発生を回避しながら腫瘍の浸潤および転移を減らす、新しいアプローチである。
免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスに関連する方法および組成物、ならびに腫瘍増殖を治療、予防、および/または阻害するための、その使用方法が開示される。
本化合物、組成物、物品、機器および/または方法が開示および記載される前に、それらは、別段の明示がない限り、特定の合成法もしくは特定の組換えバイオテクノロジー法に限定されないか、または別段の明示がない限り、特定の試薬に限定されず、したがって、当然のことながら変化し得るものとして理解されたい。また、本明細書で使用される用語は、特定の実施形態のみを説明するためのものであり、限定することを意図するものではないことも理解されたい。
A.定義
B.組成物
、Alunbrig(Brigatinib)、Ambochlorin(Chlorambucil)、Amboclorin Chlorambucil)、Amifostine、Aminolevulinic Acid、Anastrozole、Aprepitant、Aredia(Pamidronate Disodium)、Arimidex(Anastrozole)、Aromasin(Exemestane)、Arranon(Nelarabine)、Arsenic Trioxide、Arzerra(Ofatumumab)、Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi、Atezolizumab、Avastin(Bevacizumab)、Avelumab、Axitinib、Azacitidine、Bavencio(Avelumab)、BEACOPP、Becenum(Carmustine)
、Beleodaq(Belinostat)、Belinostat、Bendamustine Hydrochloride、BEP、Besponsa(Inotuzumab Ozogamicin)、Bevacizumab、Bexarotene、Bexxar(Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab)、Bicalutamide、BiCNU(Carmustine)、Bleomycin、Blinatumomab、Blincyto(Blinatumomab)、Bortezomib、Bosulif(Bosutinib)、Bosutinib、Brentuximab Vedotin、Brigatinib、BuMel、Busulfan、Busulfex(Busulfan)、Cabazitaxel、Cabometyx(Cabozantinib-S-Malate)、Cabozantinib-S-Malate、CAF、Campath(Alemtuzumab
)、Camptosar、(Irinotecan Hydrochloride)、Capecitabine、CAPOX、Carac(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Carboplatin、CARBOPLATIN-TAXOL、Carfilzomib、Carmubris(Carmustine)、Carmustine、Carmustine Implant、Casodex(Bicalutamide)、CEM、Ceritinib、Cerubidine(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride)、Cervarix(Recombinant HPV Bivalent Vaccine)、Cetuximab、CEV、Chlorambucil、CHLORAMBUCIL-PREDNISONE、CHOP、Cisplatin、Cladribine、Clafen(Cyclophosphamide)
、Clofarabine、Clofarex(Clofarabine)、Clolar(Clofarabine)、CMF、Cobimetinib、Cometriq(Cabozantinib-S-Malate)、Copanlisib Hydrochloride、COPDAC、COPP、COPP-ABV、Cosmegen(Dactinomycin)、Cotellic(Cobimetinib)、Crizotinib、CVP、Cyclophosphamide、Cyfos(Ifosfamide)、Cyramza(Ramucirumab)、Cytarabine、Cytarabine Liposome、Cytosar-U(Cytarabine)、Cytoxan(Cyclophosphamide)、Dabrafenib、Dacarbazine、Dacogen(Decitabine)、Dactinomycin
、Daratumumab、Darzalex(Daratumumab)、Dasatinib、Daunorubicin Hydrochloride、Daunorubicin Hydrochloride and Cytarabine Liposome、Decitabine、Defibrotide Sodium、Defitelio(Defibrotide Sodium)、Degarelix、Denileukin Diftitox、Denosumab、DepoCyt(Cytarabine Liposome)、Dexamethasone、Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride、Dinutuximab、Docetaxel、Doxil(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Doxorubicin Hydrochloride、Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome、Dox-SL(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、DTIC-Dome(Dacarbazine)、Durvalumab、Efudex(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Elitek(Rasburicase)、Ellence(Epirubicin Hydrochloride)、Elotuzumab、Eloxatin(Oxaliplatin)、Eltrombopag Olamine、Emend(Aprepitant)、Empliciti(Elotuzumab)、Enasidenib Mesylate、Enzalutamide、Epirubicin Hydrochloride、EPOCH、Erbitux(Cetuximab)、Eribulin Mesylate、Erivedge(Vismodegib)、Erlotinib Hydrochloride、Erwinaze(Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi)、Ethyol(Amifostine)
、Etopophos(Etoposide Phosphate)、Etoposide、Etoposide Phosphate、Evacet(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Everolimus、Evista、(Raloxifene Hydrochloride)、Evomela(Melphalan Hydrochloride)、Exemestane、5-FU(Fluorouracil Injection)、5-FU(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Fareston(Toremifene)、Farydak(Panobinostat)、Faslodex(Fulvestrant)、FEC、Femara(Letrozole)、Filgrastim、Fludara(Fludarabine Phosphate)、Fludarabine Phosphate、Fluoroplex(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Fluorouracil Injection、Fluorouracil--Topical、Flutamide、Folex(Methotrexate)、Folex PFS(Methotrexate)、FOLFIRI、FOLFIRI-BEVACIZUMAB、FOLFIRI-CETUXIMAB、FOLFIRINOX、FOLFOX
、Folotyn(Pralatrexate)、FU-LV、Fulvestrant
、Gardasil(Recombinant HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine)、Gardasil 9(Recombinant HPV Nonavalent Vaccine)、Gazyva(Obinutuzumab)、Gefitinib、Gemcitabine Hydrochloride、GEMCITABINE-CISPLATIN、GEMCITABINE-OXALIPLATIN、Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin、Gemzar(Gemcitabine Hydrochloride)、Gilotrif(Afatinib Dimaleate)、Gleevec(Imatinib Mesylate)、Gliadel(Carmustine Implant)、Gliadel wafer(Carmustine Implant)、Glucarpidase、Goserelin Acetate、Halaven(Eribulin Mesylate)、Hemangeol(Propranolol Hydrochloride)、Herceptin(Trastuzumab)、HPV Bivalent Vaccine、Recombinant、HPV Nonavalent Vaccine、Recombinant、HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine、Recombinant、Hycamtin(Topotecan Hydrochloride)、Hydrea(Hydroxyurea)、Hydroxyurea、Hyper-CVAD、Ibrance(Palbociclib)、Ibritumomab Tiuxetan、Ibrutinib、ICE、Iclusig(Ponatinib Hydrochloride)、Idamycin(Idarubicin Hydrochloride)、Idarubicin Hydrochloride、Idelalisib、Idhifa(Enasidenib Mesylate)、Ifex(Ifosfamide)、Ifosfamide、Ifosfamidum(Ifosfamide)、IL-2(Aldesleukin)、Imatinib Mesylate、Imbruvica(Ibrutinib)、Imfinzi(Durvalumab)、Imiquimod、Imlygic(Talimogene Laherparepvec)、Inlyta(Axitinib)、Inotuzumab Ozogamicin、Interferon Alfa-2b、Recombinant、Interleukin-2(Aldesleukin)、Intron A(Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b)、Iodine I 131 Tositumomab and Tositumomab、Ipilimumab、Iressa(Gefitinib)、Irinotecan Hydrochloride、Irinotecan Hydrochloride Liposome、Istodax(Romidepsin)、Ixabepilone、Ixazomib Citrate、Ixempra(Ixabepilone)、Jakafi(Ruxolitinib Phosphate)、JEB、Jevtana(Cabazitaxel)、Kadcyla(Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine)、Keoxifene(Raloxifene Hydrochloride)、Kepivance(Palifermin
)、Keytruda(Pembrolizumab)、Kisqali(Ribociclib)、Kymriah(Tisagenlecleucel)、Kyprolis(Carfilzomib)、Lanreotide Acetate、Lapatinib Ditosylate、Lartruvo(Olaratumab)、Lenalidomide、Lenvatinib Mesylate、Lenvima(Lenvatinib Mesylate)、Letrozole、Leucovorin Calcium、Leukeran(Chlorambucil)、Leuprolide Acetate、Leustatin(Cladribine)、Levulan(Aminolevulinic Acid)、Linfolizin(Chlorambucil)、LipoDox(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Lomustine、Lonsurf(Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride)、Lupron(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lupron Depot(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lupron Depot-Ped(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lynparza(Olaparib)、Marqibo(Vincristine Sulfate Liposome)、Matulane(Procarbazine Hydrochloride)、Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride、Megestrol Acetate、Mekinist(Trametinib)、Melphalan、Melphalan Hydrochloride、Mercaptopurine、Mesna、Mesnex(Mesna)、Methazolastone(Temozolomide)、Methotrexate、Methotrexate LPF(Methotrexate)、Methylnaltrexone Bromide、Mexate(Methotrexate)、Mexate-AQ(Methotrexate)、Midostaurin、Mitomycin C、Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride、Mitozytrex(Mitomycin C)、MOPP、Mozobil(Plerixafor)、Mustargen(Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride)、Mutamycin(MitomycinC)、Myleran(Busulfan)、Mylosar(Azacitidine)、Mylotarg(Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin)、Nanoparticle Paclitaxel(Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation)、Navelbine(Vinorelbine Tartrate)、Necitumumab、Nelarabine、Neosar(Cyclophosphamide)、Neratinib Maleate、Nerlynx(Neratinib Maleate)、Netupitant and Palonosetron Hydrochloride、Neulasta(Pegfilgrastim)、Neupogen(Filgrastim)、Nexavar(Sorafenib Tosylate)、Nilandron(Nilutamide)、Nilotinib、Nilutamide、Ninlaro(Ixazomib Citrate)、Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate、Nivolumab、Nolvadex(Tamoxifen Citrate)、Nplate(Romiplostim)、Obinutuzumab、Odomzo(Sonidegib)、OEPA、Ofatumumab、OFF、Olaparib、Olaratumab、Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate、Oncaspar(Pegaspargase)、Ondansetron Hydrochloride
、Onivyde(Irinotecan Hydrochloride Liposome)、Ontak(Denileukin Diftitox)、Opdivo(Nivolumab)、OPPA、Osimertinib、Oxaliplatin、Paclitaxel、Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation、PAD、Palbociclib、Palifermin、Palonosetron Hydrochloride、Palonosetron Hydrochloride and Netupitant、Pamidronate Disodium、Panitumumab、Panobinostat、Paraplat(Carboplatin)、Paraplatin(Carboplatin)、Pazopanib Hydrochloride、PCV、PEB、Pegaspargase、Pegfilgrastim、Peginterferon Alfa-2b、PEG-Intron(Peginterferon Alfa-2b)、Pembrolizumab、Pemetrexed Disodium
、Perjeta(Pertuzumab)、Pertuzumab、Platinol(Cisplatin)、Platinol-AQ(Cisplatin)、Plerixafor、Pomalidomide、Pomalyst(Pomalidomide
)、Ponatinib Hydrochloride、Portrazza(Necitumumab)、Pralatrexate、Prednisone、Procarbazine Hydrochloride、Proleukin(Aldesleukin)、Prolia(Denosumab)、Promacta(Eltrombopag Olamine)、Propranolol Hydrochloride、Provenge(Sipuleucel-T)、Purinethol(Mercaptopurine)、Purixan(Mercaptopurine)、Radium 223 Dichloride、Raloxifene Hydrochloride、Ramucirumab、Rasburicase、R-CHOP、R-CVP、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Bivalent Vaccine、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Nonavalent Vaccine、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Quadrivalent Vaccine、Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b、Regorafenib、Relistor(Methylnaltrexone Bromide)、R-EPOCH、Revlimid(Lenalidomide)、Rheumatrex(Methotrexate)、Ribociclib、R-ICE、Rituxan(Rituximab)、Rituxan Hycela(Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human)、Rituximab、Rituximab and、Hyaluronidase Human、、Rolapitant Hydrochloride、Romidepsin、Romiplostim、Rubidomycin(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride)、Rubraca(Rucaparib Camsylate)、Rucaparib Camsylate、Ruxolitinib Phosphate、Rydapt(Midostaurin)、Sclerosol Intrapleural Aerosol(Talc)、Siltuximab、Sipuleucel-T、Somatuline Depot(Lanreotide Acetate)、Sonidegib、Sorafenib Tosylate、Sprycel(Dasatinib)、STANFORD V、Sterile Talc Powder(Talc)、Steritalc(Talc)、Stivarga(Regorafenib)、Sunitinib Malate、Sutent(Sunitinib Malate)、Sylatron(Peginterferon Alfa-2b)、Sylvant(Siltuximab)、Synribo(Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate)、Tabloid(Thioguanine)、TAC、Tafinlar(Dabrafenib)、Tagrisso(Osimertinib)、Talc、Talimogene Laherparepvec、Tamoxifen Citrate、Tarabine PFS(Cytarabine)、Tarceva(Erlotinib Hydrochloride)、Targretin(Bexarotene)、Tasigna(Nilotinib)、Taxol(Paclitaxel)、Taxotere(Docetaxel)、Tecentriq、(Atezolizumab)、Temodar(Temozolomide)、Temozolomide、Temsirolimus、Thalidomide、Thalomid(Thalidomide)、Thioguanine、Thiotepa、Tisagenlecleucel、Tolak(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Topotecan Hydrochloride、Toremifene、Torisel(Temsirolimus)、Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab、Totect(Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride)、TPF、Trabectedin、Trametinib、Trastuzumab、Treanda(Bendamustine Hydrochloride)、Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride、Trisenox(Arsenic Trioxide)、Tykerb(Lapatinib Ditosylate)、Unituxin(Dinutuximab)、Uridine Triacetate、VAC、Vandetanib、VAMP、Varubi(Rolapitant Hydrochloride)、Vectibix(Panitumumab)、VeIP、Velban(Vinblastine Sulfate)、Velcade(Bortezomib)、Velsar(Vinblastine Sulfate)、Vemurafenib、Venclexta(Venetoclax)、Venetoclax、Verzenio(Abemaciclib)、Viadur(Leuprolide Acetate)、Vidaza(Azacitidine)、Vinblastine Sulfate、Vincasar PFS(Vincristine Sulfate)、Vincristine Sulfate、Vincristine Sulfate Liposome、Vinorelbine Tartrate、VIP、Vismodegib、Vistogard(Uridine Triacetate)、Voraxaze(Glucarpidase)、Vorinostat、Votrient(Pazopanib Hydrochloride)、Vyxeos(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride and Cytarabine Liposome)、Wellcovorin(Leucovorin Calcium)、Xalkori(Crizotinib)、Xeloda(Capecitabine)、XELIRI、XELOX、Xgeva(Denosumab)、Xofigo(Radium 223 Dichloride)、Xtandi(Enzalutamide)、Yervoy(Ipilimumab)、Yondelis(Trabectedin)、Zaltrap(Ziv-Aflibercept
)、Zarxio(Filgrastim)、Zejula(Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate)、Zelboraf(Vemurafenib
)、Zevalin(Ibritumomab Tiuxetan)、Zinecard(Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride)、Ziv-Aflibercept、Zofran(Ondansetron Hydrochloride)、Zoladex(Goserelin Acetate)、Zoledronic Acid
、Zolinza(Vorinostat)、Zometa(Zoledronic Acid)、Zydelig(Idelalisib)、Zykadia(Ceritinib)、および/またはZytiga(Abiraterone Acetate)を含むが、これらには限定されない当技術分野で知られている任意の抗癌剤を含むことができる。
(1)抗体全般
「抗体」という用語は、本明細書において、広義に使用され、ポリクローナル抗体とモノクローナル抗体の両方を含む。インタクトな免疫グロブリン分子に加えて、用語「抗体」には、これらの免疫グロブリン分子の断片またはポリマー、および、免疫グロブリン分子またはその断片のヒトまたはヒト化バージョンもまた含まれる。抗体は、その所望の活性に関して、本明細書に記載されているin vitroアッセイを用いて、または類似の方法によって検査することができ、その後、そのin vivo治療および/または予防活性が、既知の臨床的検査方法に従って検査される。ヒト免疫グロブリンの5つの主要なクラス、IgA、IgD、IgE、IgGおよびIgMが存在し、これらのいくつかは、サブクラス(アイソタイプ)、例えば、IgG-1、IgG-2、IgG-3およびIgG-4;IgA-1およびIgA-2にさらに分けられ得る。当業者は、マウスに対する同等のクラスを認識するであろう。免疫グロブリンの異なるクラスに対応する重鎖定常ドメインは、それぞれ、アルファ、デルタ、イプシロン、ガンマ、およびミューと呼ばれる。
開示されているヒト抗体は、任意の技術を用いて調製することができる。開示されているヒト抗体は、トランスジェニック動物から取得することもできる。例えば、免疫化に応答して、ヒト抗体の完全なレパートリーを産生することができるトランスジェニック変異マウスが記載されている(例えば、Jakobovits et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,90:2551-255(1993);Jakobovits et al.,Nature,362:255-258(1993);Bruggermann et al.,Year in Immunol.,7:33(1993)を参照)。具体的には、これらのキメラおよび生殖系列変異体マウス中の抗体重鎖連結領域(J(H))遺伝子のホモ接合型欠失は、内在性抗体産生の完全な阻害をもたらし、ヒト生殖系列抗体遺伝子アレイをこのような生殖系列変異体マウス中に首尾よく移植すると、抗原チャレンジに際してヒト抗体の産生をもたらす。所望の活性を有する抗体は、本明細書において記載されているように、Env-CD4-共受容体複合体を用いて選択される。
抗体ヒト化技術は、一般に、抗体分子の1種以上のポリペプチド鎖をコードするDNA配列を操作するための組換えDNA技術の使用を伴う。したがって、非ヒト抗体(またはその断片)のヒト化形態は、ヒト(レシピエント)抗体のフレームワーク中に組み込まれた非ヒト(ドナー)抗体由来の抗原結合部位の一部を含有するキメラ抗体または抗体鎖(または、sFv、Fv、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2もしくは抗体のその他の抗原結合部分などのそれらの断片)である。
抗体の投与は、本明細書に開示されているように行うことができる。抗体送達のための核酸アプローチも存在する。患者または対象自身の細胞が核酸を取り込み、コードされている抗体または抗体断片を産生および分泌するように、広く中和する抗体および抗体断片を、抗体または抗体断片をコードする核酸調製物(例えば、DNAまたはRNA)として患者または対象に投与することもできる。核酸の送達は、例えば、本明細書に開示されているようなあらゆる手段によることができる。
上記のように、組成物は、薬学的に許容される担体中でin vivo投与することもできる。「薬学的に許容される」とは、生物学的にまたは他の点で望ましくないものではない材料を意味し、すなわち、その材料は、いかなる望ましくない生物学的作用も引き起こすことなく、またはそれが含まれる医薬組成物の他のいずれの成分とも有害な形で相互作用することなく、核酸またはベクターと共に対象に投与され得る。担体は、当業者に周知であるとおり、当然のことながら、活性成分のいかなる分解も最小限に抑え、対象におけるいかなる有害な副作用も最小限に抑えるように選択されるであろう。
抗体を含む組成物は、薬学的に許容される担体と組み合わせて治療的に使用することができる。
組成物を投与するための有効用量およびスケジュールは実験により決定され得、そのような決定を行うことは当該技術分野の範疇である。組成物の投与のための用量範囲は、障害の症状が影響を受ける所望の効果を生じるのに十分大きな投与量範囲である。用量は、望ましくない交差反応、アナフィラキシー型反応などの副作用を引き起こすほど多いものであってはならない。一般的に、用量は、患者の年齢、状態、性別、疾患の程度、投与経路により、または他の薬物がレジメンに含まれているか否かで異なり、当業者によって決定されることができる。用量は、任意の禁忌の場合には、個々の医師によって調整されることができる。用量は変えることができ、1日または数日間で、毎日1回以上の用量投与で投与されることができる。所与の部類の医薬製品の適切な用量については、文献に手引きを見出すことができる。例えば、抗体の適切な用量を選択する上での手引きは、抗体の治療用途に関する文献、例えば、Handbook of Monoclonal Antibodies,Ferrone et al.,eds.,Noges Publications,Park Ridge,N.J.,(1985)ch.22 and pp.303-357;Smith et al.,Antibodies in Human Diagnosis and Therapy,Haber et al.,eds.,Raven Press,New York(1977)pp.365-389中に見出すことができる。単独で使用される抗体の典型的な一日用量は、上記の要因に応じて、1日当たり約1μg/kg~最大100mg/kg(体重)またはそれを超える範囲であり得る。
一態様では、本明細書に開示される治療薬送達ビヒクルは、癌もしくは転移を治療、予防、阻害もしくは軽減するために、または外科的切除(すなわち、切除)後の再発または転移を治療、予防、阻害もしくは軽減するために対象に投与することが意図されていることが理解される。したがって、癌腫瘍の外科的切除部位での腫瘍増殖および/または転移を治療、阻害、および/または予防する方法が本明細書に開示され、方法は、第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを対象の切除部位に投与することを含む。ここでマトリックスのゲル化は、第1の成分が第2の成分と接触した場合に起こり、成分の少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子は、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む。したがって、一態様では、癌腫瘍の外科的切除部位での腫瘍増殖および/または転移を治療、阻害、および/または予防する方法であって、本明細書で開示された免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスのいずれかを対象の切除部位に投与することを含む方法が、本明細書に開示される。
、Abiraterone Acetate、Abitrexate(Methotrexate)、Abraxane(Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation)、ABVD、ABVE
、ABVE-PC、AC、AC-T、Adcetris(Brentuximab Vedotin)、ADE、Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine、Adriamycin(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride)、Afatinib Dimaleate、Afinitor(Everolimus)、Akynzeo(Netupitant and Palonosetron Hydrochloride)、Aldara(Imiquimod)、Aldesleukin、Alecensa(Alectinib)、Alectinib、Alemtuzumab、Alimta(Pemetrexed Disodium)、Aliqopa(Copanlisib Hydrochloride)、Alkeran for Injection(Melphalan Hydrochloride)、Alkeran Tablets(Melphalan)、Aloxi(Palonosetron Hydrochloride)、Alunbrig(Brigatinib)、Ambochlorin(Chlorambucil)、Amboclorin Chlorambucil)、Amifostine、Aminolevulinic Acid、Anastrozole、Aprepitant、Aredia(Pamidronate Disodium)、Arimidex(Anastrozole)、Aromasin(Exemestane)、Arranon(Nelarabine)、Arsenic Trioxide、Arzerra(Ofatumumab)、Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi、Atezolizumab、Avastin(Bevacizumab)、Avelumab、Axitinib、Azacitidine
、Bavencio(Avelumab)、BEACOPP、Becenum(Carmustine)、Beleodaq(Belinostat)、Belinostat、Bendamustine Hydrochloride、BEP、Besponsa(Inotuzumab Ozogamicin)、Bevacizumab、Bexarotene、Bexxar(Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab)、Bicalutamide、BiCNU(Carmustine)、Bleomycin、Blinatumomab、Blincyto(Blinatumomab)、Bortezomib、Bosulif(Bosutinib)、Bosutinib、Brentuximab Vedotin、Brigatinib、BuMel、Busulfan、Busulfex(Busulfan)、Cabazitaxel、Cabometyx(Cabozantinib-S-Malate)、Cabozantinib-S-Malate、CAF、Campath(Alemtuzumab)、Camptosar、(Irinotecan Hydrochloride)、Capecitabine、CAPOX、Carac(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Carboplatin、CARBOPLATIN-TAXOL、Carfilzomib、Carmubris(Carmustine)
、Carmustine、Carmustine Implant、Casodex(Bicalutamide)、CEM、Ceritinib、Cerubidine(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride)、Cervarix(Recombinant HPV Bivalent Vaccine)、Cetuximab、CEV、Chlorambucil、CHLORAMBUCIL-PREDNISONE、CHOP、Cisplatin、Cladribine、Clafen(Cyclophosphamide)、Clofarabine、Clofarex(Clofarabine)、Clolar(Clofarabine)、CMF、Cobimetinib
、Cometriq(Cabozantinib-S-Malate)、Copanlisib Hydrochloride、COPDAC、COPP、COPP-ABV、Cosmegen(Dactinomycin)、Cotellic(Cobimetinib)、Crizotinib、CVP、Cyclophosphamide、Cyfos(Ifosfamide)、Cyramza(Ramucirumab)、Cytarabine、Cytarabine Liposome、Cytosar-U(Cytarabine)、Cytoxan(Cyclophosphamide)、Dabrafenib、Dacarbazine、Dacogen(Decitabine)、Dactinomycin、Daratumumab、Darzalex(Daratumumab)、Dasatinib、Daunorubicin Hydrochloride、Daunorubicin Hydrochloride and Cytarabine Liposome、Decitabine、Defibrotide Sodium、Defitelio(Defibrotide Sodium)、Degarelix、Denileukin Diftitox、Denosumab、DepoCyt(Cytarabine Liposome)、Dexamethasone、Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride、Dinutuximab、Docetaxel、Doxil(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Doxorubicin Hydrochloride、Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome、Dox-SL(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、DTIC-Dome(Dacarbazine)、Durvalumab、Efudex(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Elitek(Rasburicase)、Ellence(Epirubicin Hydrochloride)、Elotuzumab、Eloxatin(Oxaliplatin)、Eltrombopag Olamine、Emend(Aprepitant)、Empliciti(Elotuzumab
)、Enasidenib Mesylate、Enzalutamide、Epirubicin Hydrochloride、EPOCH、Erbitux(Cetuximab)、Eribulin Mesylate、Erivedge(Vismodegib)、Erlotinib Hydrochloride、Erwinaze(Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi)、Ethyol(Amifostine)、Etopophos(Etoposide Phosphate
)、Etoposide、Etoposide Phosphate、Evacet(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Everolimus、Evista、(Raloxifene Hydrochloride)、Evomela(Melphalan Hydrochloride)、Exemestane、5-FU(Fluorouracil Injection)、5-FU(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Fareston(Toremifene
)、Farydak(Panobinostat)、Faslodex(Fulvestrant)、FEC、Femara(Letrozole)、Filgrastim、Fludara(Fludarabine Phosphate)、Fludarabine Phosphate、Fluoroplex(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Fluorouracil Injection、Fluorouracil--Topical、Flutamide、Folex(Methotrexate
)、Folex PFS(Methotrexate)、FOLFIRI、FOLFIRI-BEVACIZUMAB、FOLFIRI-CETUXIMAB、FOLFIRINOX、FOLFOX、Folotyn(Pralatrexate)、FU-LV、Fulvestrant、Gardasil(Recombinant HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine)、Gardasil 9(Recombinant HPV Nonavalent Vaccine)、Gazyva(Obinutuzumab)、Gefitinib、Gemcitabine Hydrochloride
、GEMCITABINE-CISPLATIN、GEMCITABINE-OXALIPLATIN、Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin、Gemzar(Gemcitabine Hydrochloride)、Gilotrif(Afatinib Dimaleate)、Gleevec(Imatinib Mesylate)、Gliadel(Carmustine Implant)、Gliadel wafer(Carmustine Implant)、Glucarpidase、Goserelin Acetate、Halaven(Eribulin Mesylate)、Hemangeol(Propranolol Hydrochloride)、Herceptin(Trastuzumab)、HPV Bivalent Vaccine、Recombinant、HPV Nonavalent Vaccine、Recombinant、HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine、Recombinant、Hycamtin(Topotecan Hydrochloride)、Hydrea(Hydroxyurea)、Hydroxyurea、Hyper-CVAD、Ibrance(Palbociclib)、Ibritumomab Tiuxetan、Ibrutinib、ICE、Iclusig(Ponatinib Hydrochloride)、Idamycin(Idarubicin Hydrochloride)、Idarubicin Hydrochloride、Idelalisib、Idhifa(Enasidenib Mesylate)、Ifex(Ifosfamide)、Ifosfamide、Ifosfamidum(Ifosfamide
)、IL-2(Aldesleukin)、Imatinib Mesylate、Imbruvica(Ibrutinib)、Imfinzi(Durvalumab)、Imiquimod、Imlygic(Talimogene Laherparepvec)、Inlyta(Axitinib)、Inotuzumab Ozogamicin、Interferon Alfa-2b、Recombinant、Interleukin-2(Aldesleukin)、Intron A(Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b)、Iodine I 131 Tositumomab and Tositumomab、Ipilimumab、Iressa(Gefitinib)、Irinotecan Hydrochloride、Irinotecan Hydrochloride Liposome、Istodax(Romidepsin)、Ixabepilone、Ixazomib Citrate、Ixempra(Ixabepilone)、Jakafi(Ruxolitinib Phosphate)、JEB、Jevtana(Cabazitaxel)、Kadcyla(Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine)、Keoxifene(Raloxifene Hydrochloride)、Kepivance(Palifermin)、Keytruda(Pembrolizumab)、Kisqali(Ribociclib)、Kymriah(Tisagenlecleucel)、Kyprolis(Carfilzomib)、Lanreotide Acetate、Lapatinib Ditosylate、Lartruvo(Olaratumab
)、Lenalidomide、Lenvatinib Mesylate、Lenvima(Lenvatinib Mesylate)、Letrozole、Leucovorin Calcium、Leukeran(Chlorambucil)、Leuprolide Acetate、Leustatin(Cladribine)、Levulan(Aminolevulinic Acid)、Linfolizin(Chlorambucil)、LipoDox(Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome)、Lomustine、Lonsurf(Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride)、Lupron(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lupron Depot(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lupron Depot-Ped(Leuprolide Acetate)、Lynparza(Olaparib)、Marqibo(Vincristine Sulfate Liposome)、Matulane(Procarbazine Hydrochloride)、Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride、Megestrol Acetate、Mekinist(Trametinib)、Melphalan、Melphalan Hydrochloride、Mercaptopurine、Mesna、Mesnex(Mesna)、Methazolastone(Temozolomide)、Methotrexate、Methotrexate LPF(Methotrexate)、Methylnaltrexone Bromide、Mexate(Methotrexate)、Mexate-AQ(Methotrexate)、Midostaurin、Mitomycin C、Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride、Mitozytrex(Mitomycin C)、MOPP、Mozobil(Plerixafor)、Mustargen(Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride)、Mutamycin(Mitomycin C)、Myleran(Busulfan)、Mylosar(Azacitidine)、Mylotarg(Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin)、Nanoparticle Paclitaxel(Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation)、Navelbine(Vinorelbine Tartrate)、Necitumumab、Nelarabine、Neosar(Cyclophosphamide)、Neratinib Maleate、Nerlynx(Neratinib Maleate)、Netupitant and Palonosetron Hydrochloride、Neulasta(Pegfilgrastim)、Neupogen(Filgrastim)、Nexavar(Sorafenib Tosylate)、Nilandron(Nilutamide)、Nilotinib、Nilutamide、Ninlaro(Ixazomib Citrate)、Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate、Nivolumab、Nolvadex(Tamoxifen Citrate)、Nplate(Romiplostim)、Obinutuzumab、Odomzo(Sonidegib)、OEPA、Ofatumumab、OFF、Olaparib、Olaratumab、Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate、Oncaspar(Pegaspargase)、Ondansetron Hydrochloride、Onivyde(Irinotecan Hydrochloride Liposome)、Ontak(Denileukin Diftitox)、Opdivo(Nivolumab)、OPPA、Osimertinib、Oxaliplatin、Paclitaxel、Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation、PAD、Palbociclib、Palifermin、Palonosetron Hydrochloride、Palonosetron Hydrochloride and Netupitant、Pamidronate Disodium、Panitumumab、Panobinostat、Paraplat(Carboplatin)、Paraplatin(Carboplatin)、Pazopanib Hydrochloride、PCV、PEB、Pegaspargase、Pegfilgrastim、Peginterferon Alfa-2b、PEG-Intron(Peginterferon Alfa-2b)、Pembrolizumab、Pemetrexed Disodium、Perjeta(Pertuzumab)、Pertuzumab、Platinol(Cisplatin)、Platinol-AQ(Cisplatin
)、Plerixafor、Pomalidomide、Pomalyst(Pomalidomide)、Ponatinib Hydrochloride、Portrazza(Necitumumab)、Pralatrexate、Prednisone、Procarbazine Hydrochloride、Proleukin(Aldesleukin)、Prolia(Denosumab)、Promacta(Eltrombopag Olamine)、Propranolol Hydrochloride、Provenge(Sipuleucel-T)、Purinethol(Mercaptopurine)、Purixan(Mercaptopurine)、Radium 223 Dichloride、Raloxifene Hydrochloride、Ramucirumab、Rasburicase、R-CHOP、R-CVP、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Bivalent Vaccine、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Nonavalent Vaccine、Recombinant Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Quadrivalent Vaccine、Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b
、Regorafenib、Relistor(Methylnaltrexone Bromide)、R-EPOCH、Revlimid(Lenalidomide)、Rheumatrex(Methotrexate)、Ribociclib、R-ICE
、Rituxan(Rituximab)、Rituxan Hycela(Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human)、Rituximab、Rituximab and、Hyaluronidase Human、、Rolapitant Hydrochloride、Romidepsin、Romiplostim、Rubidomycin(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride)、Rubraca(Rucaparib Camsylate)、Rucaparib Camsylate、Ruxolitinib Phosphate、Rydapt(Midostaurin)、Sclerosol Intrapleural Aerosol(Talc)、Siltuximab、Sipuleucel-T、Somatuline Depot(Lanreotide Acetate)、Sonidegib、Sorafenib Tosylate、Sprycel(Dasatinib)、STANFORD V、Sterile Talc Powder(Talc)、Steritalc(Talc)、Stivarga(Regorafenib)、Sunitinib Malate、Sutent(Sunitinib Malate)、Sylatron(Peginterferon Alfa-2b)、Sylvant(Siltuximab)、Synribo(Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate)、Tabloid(Thioguanine)、TAC、Tafinlar(Dabrafenib)、Tagrisso(Osimertinib)、Talc、Talimogene Laherparepvec、Tamoxifen Citrate、Tarabine PFS(Cytarabine)、Tarceva(Erlotinib Hydrochloride)、Targretin(Bexarotene)、Tasigna(Nilotinib)、Taxol(Paclitaxel)、Taxotere(Docetaxel)、Tecentriq、(Atezolizumab
)、Temodar(Temozolomide)、Temozolomide、Temsirolimus、Thalidomide、Thalomid(Thalidomide)、Thioguanine、Thiotepa、Tisagenlecleucel、Tolak(Fluorouracil--Topical)、Topotecan Hydrochloride、Toremifene、Torisel(Temsirolimus)、Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab、Totect(Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride)、TPF、Trabectedin、Trametinib、Trastuzumab、Treanda(Bendamustine Hydrochloride)、Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride、Trisenox(Arsenic Trioxide)、Tykerb(Lapatinib Ditosylate)、Unituxin(Dinutuximab)、Uridine Triacetate、VAC、Vandetanib、VAMP、Varubi(Rolapitant Hydrochloride)、Vectibix(Panitumumab)、VeIP、Velban(Vinblastine Sulfate)、Velcade(Bortezomib)、Velsar(Vinblastine Sulfate)、Vemurafenib、Venclexta(Venetoclax)、Venetoclax、Verzenio(Abemaciclib)、Viadur(Leuprolide Acetate)、Vidaza(Azacitidine)、Vinblastine Sulfate、Vincasar PFS(Vincristine Sulfate)、Vincristine Sulfate、Vincristine Sulfate Liposome、Vinorelbine Tartrate、VIP、Vismodegib、Vistogard(Uridine Triacetate)、Voraxaze(Glucarpidase)、Vorinostat、Votrient(Pazopanib Hydrochloride)、Vyxeos(Daunorubicin Hydrochloride and Cytarabine Liposome)、Wellcovorin(Leucovorin Calcium)、Xalkori(Crizotinib)、Xeloda(Capecitabine)、XELIRI、XELOX、Xgeva(Denosumab)、Xofigo(Radium 223 Dichloride)、Xtandi(Enzalutamide)、Yervoy(Ipilimumab)、Yondelis(Trabectedin)、Zaltrap(Ziv-Aflibercept
)、Zarxio(Filgrastim)、Zejula(Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate)、Zelboraf(Vemurafenib
)、Zevalin(Ibritumomab Tiuxetan)、Zinecard(Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride)、Ziv-Aflibercept、Zofran(Ondansetron Hydrochloride)、Zoladex(Goserelin Acetate)、Zoledronic Acid
、Zolinza(Vorinostat)、Zometa(Zoledronic Acid)、Zydelig(Idelalisib)、Zykadia(Ceritinib)、および/またはZytiga(Abiraterone Acetate)を含むがこれらには限定されない、当技術分野で知られている任意の化学治療剤を含むことができる。
以下の実施例は、本明細書の特許請求の範囲に記載された化合物、組成物、物品、装置および/または方法がどのように作製され評価されるかの完全な開示および記述を当業者に提供するために提示されており、純粋に例示的であることが意図されており、本開示を限定することは意図されていない。数字(例えば、量、温度など)に関して正確性を確保するための努力がなされているが、一部の誤差および偏差が考慮されるべきである。特に明記しない限り、部は、重量部であり、温度は、℃単位または周囲温度であり、圧力は、大気圧または大気圧に近い。
a)結果
(1)迅速な噴霧によるaCD47@CaCO3NPを含むフィブリンゲルの形成
ポリ(エチレングリコール)-b-ポリ(グルタミン酸)(PEG-b-P(Glu))ブロックコポリマーを含む溶液中で、Ca2+およびCO32-の添加により、充填容量5%、およびカプセル化効率50%のaCD47 @ CaCO3NPを沈殿させた。直径約100nmの単分散aCD47@CaCO3NPが得られ、そのサイズは、カルボキシルおよびCa2+間の相互作用を介してPEG-b-P(Glu)によって制御され、PEGシェルを用いてさらなる凝集および集合体を排除した(図1b、図1c、および図1d)。元素マッピング画像(図1c)は、これらのCaCO3NPにおけるaCD47(ガドリニウムキレート化)の均一な分布を示す。
低酸素TMEにおける癌細胞の解糖代謝は、乳酸およびH+(pH=6.5-6.8)の生成をもたらし、腫瘍内の免疫細胞の役割および機能を調節する。さらに、局所的な酸性化(pH=6.0-7.0)が、炎症および組織損傷部位でも見られる。残存TMEおよび炎症環境でH+を排除するCaCO3の能力を考慮して、CaCO3@フィブリンゲル治療後に全体的な免疫効果を試験した。CaCO3@フィブリン治療後にM2-TAM(CD206hiCD11b+F4/80+)の著しい減少およびM1-TAM(CD80hiCD11b+F4/80+)の増加が見られ、腫瘍を抑制するM1表現型へのTAMの分極が促進されたことを示す(図7aおよび図7b)。このTAMの分極は、TMEのサイトカインのレベル変動によってさらに確認された(図7c)。観察されたマクロファージのM1表現型への分極は、通常M2様マクロファージ分極を好むTMEの酸性の度調節に起因する可能性がある。M1様マクロファージ分極を促進する小分子と比較して、炎症を起こした腫瘍切除内におけるCaCO3のH+スカベンジングは、より簡単なアプローチを提供する。フローサイトメトリーによって評価されるように、CaCO3NPの濃度とマクロファージ分極との間に相関関係が観察された。CaCO3 @フィブリン治療後、骨髄由来サプレッサー細胞(MDSC)および制御性T細胞(Treg)の減少、ならびにTMEでのHIF1-aの発現の減少も観察された(図7d、図7e、図7f、および図7g;図8)。注目すべきことに、CaCO3@フィブリン治療は、腫瘍内の腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL、CD3+)、特に細胞傷害性Tリンパ球(CTL、CD3+CD8+)の増加(図7i)、ならびにインターフェロン-γ(IFN-γ)および血漿中の腫瘍壊死因子-α(TNF-α)の増加(図7h)を引き起こした。一方、免疫細胞および癌細胞でのプログラム死-1(PD-1)およびプログラム死リガンド1(PD-L1)の発現は、それぞれほとんど変化しないか、わずかに減少した(図9Aおよび図9B)。
手術後の残存微小腫瘍に対するaCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンの治療効果を検証するために、B16F10マウスモデルでの不完全な腫瘍切除を設定して、手術後の腫瘍再発を模倣した。IgG@CaCO3、aCD47、またはaCD47@CaCO3(aCD47:マウスあたり50μg)を含む、in situ形成されたフィブリンを切除部位に噴霧した。腫瘍の再発は、B16F10細胞からの生物発光シグナルによって監視した(図13a)。aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリン治療後のグループのマウスは、最小の再発腫瘍サイズを示し、このグループの8匹のマウスのうち4匹は検出可能な腫瘍を示さなかった(図13bおよび図13c)。対照的に、IgG@CaCO3@フィブリンまたはaCD47@フィブリンで治療されたマウスは、腫瘍の成長が控えめに遅延し、腫瘍の再発がなかったマウスは6匹中1匹のみであった。未治療の対照グループと比較して、当たり障りのないフィブリンゲルは、ごくわずかな治療効果を示した(図13bおよび図13c)。腫瘍サイズと相関するマウスの生存を監視した。aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリン治療後のマウスの50%は、60日間の観察期間生存した。対照的に、全ての対照グループ中、2ヶ月後に生存したマウスは、2匹のみであった(図13d)。マウスの体重は、種々の治療後、明白には影響されなかった(図13e)。さらに、aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリン治療の30日後にマウスから収集された主要臓器の組織学的分析、ならびに治療の1、7、および14日後に実施された全血パネル試験および血清生化学アッセイは、aCD47の局所送達が、マウスへの重大な副作用を引き起こさないことを示した。
aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンが残存腫瘍の自然免疫細胞および適応免疫細胞を活性化できることを確認した上で、aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンの局所治療が全身性免疫応答を引き起こし得るかどうか調査することが求められた。転移性腫瘍を模倣するために、B16F10癌細胞を各マウスの原発腫瘍の反対側に接種した。次に、原発腫瘍を部分的に切除し、aCD47@CaCO3NPを含むフィブリンゲルを腫瘍切除部位に噴霧した(図18a)。B16F10細胞からの生物発光シグナルに従って、IVISイメージングシステムで腫瘍量を監視した。局所腫瘍の再発が、aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリン治療によって効果的に抑制され、追加治療なしの反対側の遠隔腫瘍も、遅い成長速度を示すことが見出された(図18b、図18c、および図18d)。これらの結果と一致して、M1様TAMおよびCD103+DCの数は、aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンを噴霧した腫瘍で著しく増加し(図18eおよび図18f)、CD8+T細胞は、治療した腫瘍および遠隔腫瘍の両方で増加した(図18gおよび図19)。遠隔腫瘍におけるCD8+T細胞の増加は、全身性抗腫瘍免疫を誘発するマクロファージおよびDCによる腫瘍抗原の局所的な交差提示に起因する可能性がある。免疫系の活性化は、デュアルシリンジ投与法によるaCD47@CaCO3@Fibrinの腫瘍周囲注射によってさらに確認された。aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンによる治療は、局所腫瘍および遠隔腫瘍の両方の成長を効果的に抑制した。
b)結論
結論として、腫瘍切除部位に噴霧された免疫療法フィブリンは、免疫抑制TMEを逆行させ、全身性抗腫瘍免疫応答を誘発して癌の局所再発を防ぎ、現行の転移を抑制することができる。CaCO3NPは、生体応答性方法でH+を排除することにより、残存TMEおよび炎症環境に関連する酸性の腫瘍切除環境を調節し、それによって抗腫瘍免疫応答を効果的に促進することができる。この反応に加えて、CaCO3NPから放出されたaCD47は、癌細胞のアップレギュレートされた「don’t eat me」シグナルを遮断し、マクロファージによるプログラムされた癌細胞除去を可能にする。CD47の遮断は、マクロファージおよびDCによる腫瘍特異的抗原の提示が促進されるため、T細胞を介した癌細胞の破壊にもつながり得る。
(1)材料、細胞株、および動物
全ての化学物質は、精製せずにSigma-Aldrichから購入した。マウストロンビンおよびフィブリノゲンは、Molecular Innovationsから購入した。抗CD47抗体(aCD47)はBiolegend Inc(カタログ番号127518、クローン:miap301)から購入した。マウス黒色腫(B16F10)細胞は、American Type Culture Collection(ATCC)から購入した。B16F10-luc細胞は、UNCのDr.Leaf Huangから入手した。細胞は、10%ウシ胎児血清(Invitrogen、Carlsbad,CA)および100 U/mLペニシリン(Invitrogen)を含むダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(Gibco、Invitrogen)で、37℃の5%CO2雰囲気下でインキュベーター(Thermo Scientific)内で維持した。雌のC57BL/6マウス(6~10週)は、Jackson Labから購入した。全てのマウス実験は、ノースカロライナ大学チャペルヒル校およびノースカロライナ州立大学の動物実験委員会(Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)によって承認されたプロトコルに従って実施した。
aCD47@CaCO3NPは、化学沈殿によって調製した。典型的に、100mMのCaCl2を含む1mlのTris-HCl緩衝液(1mM、pH7.6)を、最初に100gのaCD47、合成された10mgのPEG-b-P(Glu)ブロックコポリマー、および10mMのNaCO3を含む1mlのHEPES生理食塩水緩衝剤(50mM、pH7.1、NaCl 140mM)と混合した。次に、混合物を4℃で一晩撹拌した。過剰のイオン、コポリマー、および抗体を、14800rpmで10分間の遠心分離によって除去した。サイズ分布はDLSで評価し、形態をTEM(JEOL 2000FX)で測定した。aCD47@CaCO3(aCD47はキレート化されたガドリニウム)の元素分析は、分析TEM(Titan)を使用して特性評価した。CaCO3にカプセル化されたaCD47の量を、ELISA(ラットIgG total ELISAキット、eBioscience、カタログ番号88-50490-22)によって測定した。CaCO3NPの充填容量(LC)およびカプセル化効率(EE)を、式、LC=(A-B)/C、およびEE=(A-B)/Aで計算した。式中Aは抗体の予想されるカプセル化量、Bは遊離の非捕捉抗体、Cは粒子の総重量である。
フィブリンゲルは、aCD47@CaCO3およびトロンビン(5 NIH U/mL)を含む等量のフィブリノゲン(10mg/ml)を噴霧することによって得た。aCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンの形態は、Cryo-SEM(JEOL 7600F with Gatan Alto)によって特性評価した。フィブリンへのaCD47@CaCO3のカプセル化は、共焦点顕微鏡(Zeiss LSM 710)によってさらに特性評価した。
aCD47の放出挙動は、異なるpH値(pH6.5および7.4)のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で、37℃で調査した。放出されたaCD47は、Rat IgG total ELISAキットで測定した。
aCD47のin vivo 放出挙動を調査するために、PBSに分散したCy5.5標識遊離aCD47またはaCD47@CaCO3を腫瘍切除部位に注射した。さらに、aCD47@CaCO3およびトロンビン(5NIH U/mL)を含む等量のフィブリノゲン溶液(10mg/ml)を、手術後の腫瘍部位に噴霧した。蛍光イメージングを、IVISスペクトルシステム(Perkin Elmer)によって監視した。
骨髄由来マクロファージ(BMDM)をCellTracker Green(C7025、Thermo-Fisher Scientific)で標識し、癌細胞をCellTracker DeepRed(C34565、Thermo-Fisher Scientific、USA)で標識した。マクロファージ(1×105)を、IgGまたはaCD47で事前に遮断された癌細胞(4×105)と無血清培地で共培養した。37℃で2時間インキュベートした後、共焦点顕微鏡(Zeiss LSM 710)およびCytoFLEXフローサイトメトリー(Beckman)によって食作用を調査した。
腫瘍再発に対する治療効果を調査するために、1×106のfLuc-B16F10をマウスの右脇腹に移植してから10日後に、マウスをランダムに5つのグループ(n=6-8)に分け、手術後の残存微小腫瘍を模倣する約1%の残存腫瘍組織を残して、それらの腫瘍を切除した。簡単に説明すると、イソフルランを使用して誘導チャンバー内で動物を麻酔し(誘導は最大5%、維持の場合は1~3%)、ノーズコーンを介して麻酔を維持した。腫瘍領域を切り取り、無菌的に準備した。滅菌器具を使用して、腫瘍の約99%を除去した。手術直後に、フィブリン、IgG@CaCO3@フィブリン、aCD47@フィブリン、およびaCD47@CaCO3@フィブリンを含む、異なる形態のフィブリンゲルを同じ用量で手術台に噴霧した。Autoclip創傷クリップシステムによって、創傷を塞いだ。
IL10、IL12p70、IL6、IFN-γ、またはTNF-αの局所および血漿レベルは、ベンダーのプロトコル(eBioscience)に従ってELISAキットで測定した。サイトカインの局所(腫瘍)濃度を検出するために、フィブリンゲルを噴霧してから5日後に腫瘍組織を収集し、冷PBS中で均質化して単一細胞懸濁液を形成した。血漿レベルについては、種々の治療後のマウスから血清サンプルを分離し、分析のために希釈した。
腫瘍内の免疫細胞を調査するために、種々のグループのマウスから収集された腫瘍を小片に切断し、染色冷緩衝液中で均質化して単一細胞懸濁液を形成した。次に、消化酵素を添加せずにホモジナイザーで穏やかに加圧することにより、単一細胞懸濁液を調製した。蛍光標識抗体CD45(Biolegend、カタログ番号103108)、CD11b(Biolegend、カタログ番号101208)、CD206(Biolegend、カタログ番号141716)、F4/80(Biolegend、カタログ番号.123116)、CD80(Biolegend、カタログ番号104722)、Gr-1(Biolegend、カタログ番号108412)、CD3(Biolegend、カタログ番号100204)、CD4(Biolegend、カタログ番号100412)、CD8(Biolegend、カタログ番号140408)、Foxp3(Biolegend、カタログ番号126404)、CD11c(Biolegend、カタログ番号117310)、CD86(Biolegend、カタログ番号105008)、CD103(Biolegend、カタログ番号121406)、Ly6C(Biolegend、カタログ番号128016)、およびLy6G(Biolegend、カタログ番号127608)を用いて、製造元の指示に従って細胞を染色した。実験で使用したこれらの抗体は、全て200倍に希釈した。染色された細胞をCytoFLEXフローサイトメーター(Beckman)で測定し、FlowJoソフトウェアパッケージ(バージョン10.0.7;TreeStar、USA、2014)によって分析した。
腫瘍をマウスから切断し、最適切断温度(OCT)培地で急速凍結した。クリオトームを使用して腫瘍切片を切断し、次にスライドに載せた。次に、切片を一次抗体、すなわちCD4(Abcam、カタログ番号ab183685)、CD8(Abcam、カタログ番号ab22378)、およびF4/80(Abcam、カタログ番号ab100790)で4°Cで一晩、製造元の指示に従って染色した。蛍光標識された二次抗体、すなわちヤギ抗ラットIgG(H+L;Thermo Fisher Scientific、カタログ番号A18866)およびヤギ抗ウサギIgG(H+L;Thermo Fisher Scientific、カタログ番号A32733)の添加後、スライドを、共焦点顕微鏡(Zeiss LSM 710)を使用して分析した。実験で使用したこれらの抗体は、全て200倍に希釈した。
ウエスタンブロッティングのために、ビシンコニン酸タンパク質アッセイキット(BCA)で測定した等量のタンパク質を含む各サンプルを、等量の2×Laemmli緩衝液と混合し、95℃で5分間煮沸した。ゲル電気泳動の完了後、タンパク質をHybondニトロセルロースメンブレンに転写した。次に、1:1000希釈の抗HIF1-α抗体(Santa Cruz、sc-13515)、および1:5000希釈の抗β-アクチン抗体(Abcam、ab8226)を一次抗体として使用した。これらのブロットに使用された二次抗体は、ヤギ抗マウス抗体(Novus Biologicals、NBP175151)であった。
全ての結果は、示されるように、平均±s.e.mとして表示される。多重比較には(3つ以上のグループを比較した場合)、テューキー事後検定および一元配置/二元配置分散分析(ANOVA)を使用した。生存率は、ログランク検定を用いて決定した。全ての統計分析は、Prismソフトウェアパッケージ(PRISM 5.0;GraphPad Software、USA、2007)を使用して実施した。統計的有意性の閾値は、P<0.05であった。
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出願時の特許請求の範囲は以下の通り。
[請求項1]
第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスであって、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触したときに起こり、少なくとも1つの前記成分が、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項2]
前記第1の成分が、H+スカベンジャーを含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項3]
H+スカベンジャーがフィブリニンである、請求項2に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項4]
前記第2の成分がトロンビンを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス
[請求項5]
前記遮断阻害剤または免疫調節剤が抗CD47抗体である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項6]
少なくとも1つの第2のナノ粒子をさらに含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項7]
前記第1の成分が少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項8]
前記第1の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項9]
前記第2の成分が、前記第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項7に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項10]
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項11]
前記第2の成分が、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含む。
[請求項12]
前記第2の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤をさらに含む、請求項10に記載の免疫療法の生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項13]
前記第1の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項10に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項14]
前記第2の成分が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項15]
前記第1の成分が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項16]
前記マトリックスの投与の140時間後に30%未満の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が放出される、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
[請求項17]
癌腫瘍の外科的切除の部位での転移を阻害する方法であって、前記切除部位に、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することを含む方法。
[請求項18]
癌腫瘍の外科的切除の部位での転移を阻害する方法であって、前記切除部位に第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することを含み、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触したときに起こり、前記成分の少なくとも1つが、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む方法。
[請求項19]
前記第1の成分および第2の成分が、別々に対象に送達される、請求項17に記載の方法。
[請求項20]
前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の前に対象の腫瘍の部位に送達される、請求項17または18に記載の方法。
[請求項21]
前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の少なくとも1、2、3、4、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55分、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、18、24、36、48、または72時間前に投与される、請求項17~19のいずれに記載の方法。
[請求項22]
前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の後に対象の腫瘍の部位に送達される、請求項17または18に記載の方法。
[請求項23]
前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の少なくとも1、2、3、4、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55分、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、18、24、36、48、または72時間後に投与される、請求項17、18、または21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[請求項24]
前記第1および第2の成分が、同時に(concurrently)投与される、請求項17に記載の方法。
[請求項25]
前記第1および第2の成分が、同時に(simultaneously)投与される、請求項17に記載の方法。
[請求項26]
前記第1および第2の成分が、前記対象への投与前に一緒に混合される、請求項24に記載の方法。
[請求項27]
前記第1および第2の成分のうちの少なくとも1つが、腫瘍の除去の前に切除部位に投与される、請求項17~25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[請求項28]
その後、前記第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することをさらに含む、請求項17~26のいずれか一項に記載の方法
[請求項29]
追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤の投与をさらに含む、請求項17~27のいずれに記載の方法。
[請求項30]
前記追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス中で投与される、請求項17~28のいずれに記載の方法。
[請求項31]
前記追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスとは別に投与される、請求項28に記載の方法。
[請求項32]
腫瘍に対する自然または適応免疫応答を前記腫瘍の切除後に増加させる方法であって、腫瘍を有する対象に第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することを含み、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触した場合に起こり、前記成分の少なくとも1つが、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む方法。
[請求項33]
前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスの投与が、対象において抗腫瘍応答を増加させ、全身的に腫瘍増殖を遅らせる、請求項17~31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
Claims (28)
- 第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスであって、前記第1の成分がフィブリノゲンを含み、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触したときに起こり、少なくとも1つの前記成分が、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、CaCO 3 と、抗CD47抗体とを含み、前記第2の成分がトロンビンを含む、免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 少なくとも1つの第2のナノ粒子をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第1の成分が、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含む、請求項1または2に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第1の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第2の成分が、前記第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項3に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第2の成分が、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第2の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の免疫療法の生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第1の成分が、第2の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項6に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第2の成分が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記第1の成分が、少なくとも1つの抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤を含む、請求項1に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 前記マトリックスの投与の140時間後に30%未満の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が放出される、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスであって、癌腫瘍の外科的切除の部位での転移を阻害する方法であって、前記切除部位に、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することを含む方法における使用のための免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス。
- 癌腫瘍の外科的切除の部位での転移を阻害する方法に用いるための医薬の調製における免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスの使用であって、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスが、第1の成分および第2の成分を含み、前記第1の成分がフィブリノゲンを含み、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触したときに起こり、前記成分の少なくとも1つが、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、CaCO 3 と、抗CD47抗体とを含み、前記第2の成分がトロンビンを含む、使用。
- 前記第1の成分および第2の成分が、別々に対象に送達される、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の前に対象の腫瘍の部位に送達される、請求項13または14に記載の使用。
- 前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の少なくとも1、2、3、4、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55分、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、18、24、36、48、または72時間前に投与される、請求項13~15のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の後に対象の腫瘍の部位に送達される、請求項13または14に記載の使用。
- 前記第1の成分が、前記第2の成分の少なくとも1、2、3、4、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55分、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、18、24、36、48、または72時間後に投与される、請求項13、14、または17のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記第1および第2の成分が、同時に(concurrently)投与される、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記第1および第2の成分が、同時に(simultaneously)投与される、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記第1および第2の成分が、対象への投与前に一緒に混合される、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記第1および第2の成分のうちの少なくとも1つが、腫瘍の除去の前に切除部位に投与される、請求項13~21のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記方法が、その後、前記第1の成分および第2の成分を含む免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスを投与することをさらに含む、請求項13~22のいずれか1項に記載の使用
- 前記方法が、追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤の投与をさらに含む、請求項13~23のいずれに記載の使用。
- 前記追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックス中で投与される、請求項24に記載の使用。
- 前記追加の抗癌剤、遮断阻害剤、または免疫調節剤が、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスとは別に投与される、請求項24に記載の使用。
- 腫瘍に対する自然または適応免疫応答を前記腫瘍の切除後に増加させるための医薬の調製における免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスの使用であって、前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスが、第1の成分および第2の成分を含み、前記第1の成分がフィブリノゲンを含み、前記マトリックスのゲル化が、前記第1の成分が前記第2の成分と接触した場合に起こり、前記成分の少なくとも1つが、少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1のナノ粒子が、CaCO 3 と、抗CD47抗体とを含み、前記第2の成分がトロンビンを含む、使用。
- 前記免疫療法生体応答性ゲルマトリックスの投与が、対象において抗腫瘍応答を増加させ、全身的に腫瘍増殖を遅らせる、請求項13~27のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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- 2019-06-28 CN CN201980056846.8A patent/CN112638427A/zh active Pending
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| CA3104664A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
| CN112638427A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
| EP3813884A4 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| EP3813884A1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
| EP3813884B1 (en) | 2024-09-18 |
| US20210260187A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
| JP2021529762A (ja) | 2021-11-04 |
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