JP7489261B2 - Wall structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wall structure in which wall materials are incorporated into a lattice-like framework made up of columns and cross members in wooden buildings, etc.

In the frame construction method that is widely used in wooden buildings, members such as columns and cross members are connected in a lattice pattern to build a framework, but because there is a limit to the rigidity of the joints between the members, the strength against horizontal loads is easily insufficient, and reinforcement is made with braces as necessary. In recent years, importance has been placed on insulation and soundproofing in addition to earthquake resistance, and wall materials are sometimes incorporated into the entire lattice framework made up of columns and cross members. This wall material has a suitable thickness for its purpose, and if it were placed on the sides of the columns or cross members, it would inevitably take up more space. For this reason, wall materials are often incorporated into the inner periphery of the framework made up of columns and cross members.

Examples of prior art related to the present invention include the following patent documents, of which patent document 1 discloses a method of constructing wooden walls in wooden buildings. This technology is intended for construction and renovation of traditional wooden frameworks such as temples and shrines, and forms a wooden wall by alternately stacking force plates and force plates between two pillars. The force plate is divided into two parts, left and right, and after the pair of force plates is assembled in the specified positions, they are joined by metal joints or the like. In addition, vertical grooves are formed on the side of the pillar to insert the ends of the force plate and force plate, and the upper surface of the pillar is partially cut away to form a cut that connects the side of the pillar to the vertical groove, so that the force plate can be inserted from the cut toward the vertical groove. In this invention, the force plate is divided into two parts, left and right, and a cut is formed to insert the force plate, eliminating the need to insert the force plate or force plate directly from above the pillar, and renovation can be carried out without extensive demolition work.

The following Patent Document 2 discloses an attachment structure for interior wall strength panels that can improve durability and earthquake resistance. This structure was developed to attach interior wall strength panels to studs, and if screws or nails were used to attach the interior wall strength panels, rust and loosening would be unavoidable. Therefore, in this document, in addition to forming a dovetail section in the interior wall strength panel, a dovetail section is formed on the side of the stud, and the dovetail section is inserted into the dovetail section to attach the interior wall strength panel to the stud. This eliminates the need for screws or nails, improving durability. Furthermore, a gap is intentionally provided at the boundary between the dovetail section and the dovetail section, and by pressing an insert into this gap, the stud and the interior wall strength panel are firmly fixed, improving earthquake resistance.

In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a connecting hardware for wooden building components that is used to connect two components called a main body member and a connecting member, which is a technology not directly related to the installation of wall materials. This connecting hardware is made by deforming a metal plate into a U-shape by pressing, and is composed of a cup-shaped tenon located in the center and a connecting piece that is arranged to sandwich the tenon. The tenon is inserted into a mortise hole formed in the main body member, and the connecting hardware is attached to the main body member with a bolt and nut. The connecting member also has an engagement groove formed in it for inserting the connecting piece. After inserting the connecting piece into the engagement groove, a fastener is driven into the pin hole of the connecting member, and the connecting member is attached to the connecting hardware. This connecting hardware has a simple structure in which a pair of left and right connecting pieces are integrated only with a tenon, which not only reduces manufacturing costs, but also simplifies the processing of the connecting member compared to conventional connecting hardware, as only the engagement groove and pin hole need to be formed in advance for the connecting member.

JP 2003-301542 A JP 2004-263478 A JP 2008-169641 A

When installing wall materials on the inner periphery of a framework consisting of columns and cross members, the framework is first constructed by connecting the columns and cross members during construction, and then the wall materials are fixed using nails and metal fittings. However, this inevitably means placing a large number of nails and metal fittings along the outer edge of the wall materials, which increases the amount of work during construction. To avoid this, if grooves are made in the columns beforehand, and the columns are installed on-site, the wall materials that have been lifted up are gradually lowered, the side ends of the wall materials are inserted into the grooves in the columns, and the cross members are attached after the wall materials have been installed, the work of fixing the wall materials can be omitted. However, in this case, it is difficult to carry out preparation work for installing the cross members before installing the wall materials so as not to interfere with the movement of the wall materials. Therefore, although the amount of work during construction increases in this regard, it is desirable to take some measures to reduce this amount of work.

The present invention was developed based on these circumstances, and aims to provide a wall structure that can reduce the amount of work required during construction by specifying the connection structure between the columns and cross members.

The invention described in claim 1 for solving the above problem is a wall structure in which a wall material is incorporated to fill the gap between two pillars, and a cross member is placed on the top of the wall material to connect the two pillars, and a guide groove is formed on the surface of each side of the pillar that contacts the wall material, into which the side end of the wall material is inserted, and the cross member is attached to the pillar via a connector, and the connector is U-shaped and consists of a front plate located in the center, leg plates that are perpendicular to the front plate and protrude from both side ends of the front plate, and side plates that are connected to the ends of the leg plates and protrude in the same direction as the leg plates without any steps, and the surface of each side of the pillar where the guide groove is formed has a front In order to embed the front plate and the leg plate, a storage hole with a diameter larger than the width of the guide groove is formed, and the front plate is pulled in by a bolt to attach the connector to the column, and the bottom surface of the storage hole is located deeper than the guide groove, and two rows of slits are formed at the end of the cross member to insert the side plate, and the cross member is attached to the connector by a fixing pin that is inserted so as to intersect with the slits, and when the connector is attached to the column, the front plate and the bolt are embedded deeper than the bottom surface of the guide groove, and the leg plate and the side plate are positioned outside the guide groove. This wall structure is characterized by the above.

The wall structure of this invention incorporates wall materials to fill the gap between two adjacent pillars separated by a specified distance, connects these pillars with cross members, and reinforces the framework formed by the pillars and cross members with wall materials, with the lower parts of these two pillars being firmly attached to bases or foundations. By increasing the number of pillars and cross members, the wall structure can be made continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions. Also, while various types of wood are envisioned for the pillars and cross members, the wall material can be made of wood such as plywood, or cardboard that has been treated to be fireproof.

On the sides of two adjacent pillars, guide grooves are formed that extend vertically so that the side ends of the wall material can be inserted. Naturally, the surface that forms the guide groove is the surface of each pillar that faces the other pillar. Therefore, the wall material is placed on the inner periphery of the framework made up of the pillars and cross members. Furthermore, once the side ends of the wall material are inserted into the guide grooves, the wall material will inevitably be unable to come off the pillars, and no separate means of fixing the wall material is required. Furthermore, the width of the wall material (the distance between both end faces) is set to match the distance between the bottom faces of the opposing guide grooves, and the wall material will be held in the guide grooves without loosening.

The cross member is placed on top of the wall material and connects the two columns, with the columns and cross member forming a lattice-like framework. It is assumed that the wall material and the cross member will be in contact with each other without any gaps, and a guide groove can be formed on the bottom surface of the cross member, just like the columns, into which the upper end of the wall material can be inserted. However, if there are no problems with strength, the guide groove of the cross member can be omitted and the top surface of the wall material can simply be in contact with the bottom surface of the cross member. Additionally, multiple cross members can be placed vertically between two columns, in which case the columns and cross members will be arranged in a ladder shape.

The connector is used to attach the cross member to the column, and is necessarily used at the boundary between the side of the column and the end of the cross member. This connector is U-shaped, consisting of a front plate, a leg plate, and a side plate, and the leg plate and side plate are arranged so as to sandwich the front plate located in the center. The front plate is the part that connects to the column, and its outer edge is basically circular, and it is embedded in a receiving hole formed in the side of the column. The leg plates protrude from both the left and right ends of the front plate. The leg plates are almost perpendicular to the front plate, and naturally protrude in the same direction on both the left and right. The width of the leg plate (the length in the direction perpendicular to the protruding direction of the leg plate) is smaller than the diameter of the front plate, and it looks like a band-like leg plate protruding from the left and right of the front plate. In addition, there may be only one front plate for one connector, but it is often the case that there are multiple front plates along the length of the column.

The side panels of the connector are plate-like sections that connect to the ends of the leg panels, and are necessarily flush with the leg panels, but are larger than the leg panels and are inserted into slits formed in the cross member. For this reason, like the leg panels, two side panels of the same shape are placed on either side to sandwich the front panel, and the left and right side panels are integrated via the leg panels and front panels. If there are multiple front panels for one connector, the front panels are integrated via the side panels. After the side panels are inserted into the slits in the cross member, a fixing pin or bolt is inserted from the side of the cross member so that it intersects with the slit, and the cross member is attached to the connector.

The accommodation hole is a bottomed hole formed on the side of the pillar, into which the front plate of the connector is embedded and then pulled in with a bolt, integrating the pillar and connector. The accommodation hole is necessarily formed on the same side as the guide groove, and the two are arranged so that they overlap, but the diameter of the accommodation hole is larger than the width of the guide groove, and both sides of the guide groove are cut away by the accommodation hole. In addition, the accommodation hole is made to reach a position deeper than the guide groove. When the front plate of the connector is embedded in the accommodation hole, the leg plate also enters the accommodation hole, but the dimensions of each part are adjusted so that the end of the leg plate can escape from the accommodation hole. Therefore, the side plate is positioned so that it protrudes from the side of the pillar without entering the accommodation hole. The shaft of the bolt that pulls in the connector is inserted into a communicating hole extending from the bottom of the accommodation hole.

When the connector is attached to the column, the gap between the opposing side panels is set to be equal to or greater than the width of the guide groove. In addition, both the front panel of the connector and the bolt that pulls the connector together are embedded deeper than the bottom of the guide groove. By considering the shape and position of the connector in this way, it is possible to prevent the connector or bolt from blocking the guide groove even after the connector is attached to the column, and it does not interfere with the movement of the wall material inserted into the guide groove. Therefore, by attaching the connector to the column in advance and installing the column on site, the wall material can be assembled from above the column, and the cross members can be quickly installed afterwards.

The invention described in claim 2 is based on the assumption that the thickness of the wall material is increased, and is characterized in that the thickness of the wall material is greater than the width of the guide groove, a protrusion is formed in the center of the side end face of the wall material to be inserted into the guide groove, and a slit is formed outside this protrusion to pass the side plate through. The thickness of the wall material may be made to match the width of the guide groove of the pillar, but in order to improve the performance of the building, the thickness of the wall material may be made greater than the width of the guide groove as in this invention. In this case, the side end face of the wall material is not finished in a simple flat shape, but a protrusion that protrudes convexly only in the center is formed. The protrusion extends along the longitudinal direction of the side end face of the wall material, and only the protrusion is inserted into the guide groove of the pillar. In addition, the side end face of the wall material outside the protrusion is a simple flat shape facing the side face of the pillar, but a slit is formed in this surface to pass the side plate of the connector through.

The invention described in claim 3 shows a specific example of a case where the thickness of the wall material is increased, and is characterized by the fact that two pillars are connected by inserting a fixing pin into the wall material. When the thickness of the wall material is increased and the thickness of both the wall material and the cross member are made the same, it is possible for the wall material to also function as a cross member, as in this invention. As a result, the cross member can be omitted, and the two pillars are connected by the wall material. When the wall material also functions as a cross member in this way, a fixing pin is inserted from the wall material toward the connector, and the wall material itself is attached to the connector. Furthermore, a slit is formed in this wall material to allow the side panel of the connector to be inserted.

In the wall structure in which a wall material is installed between two columns and these two columns are connected by a cross member as in the invention described in claim 1, a guide groove is formed on the side of the column into which the side end of the wall material is inserted, and the connector for attaching the cross member to the column is composed of a front plate, a leg plate, and a side plate, and the front plate is pulled in by a bolt. The bolt and the front plate of the connector are embedded deeper than the guide groove, and the leg plate and side plate of the connector are positioned outside the guide groove, so that the connector and bolt do not block the guide groove and do not hinder the movement of the wall material inserted in the guide groove. Therefore, the connector is attached to the column in advance, and after the column is installed on site, the wall material can be installed from above the column, and the two columns can be easily connected via the cross member by the attached connector, which reduces the amount of work during construction.

In addition, with this invention, the side ends of the wall material are inserted into the guide grooves of the columns, so the columns and the wall material are integrated into a continuous structure, strengthening the framework made up of the columns and cross members, and allowing it to withstand not only horizontal loads, but also loads that twist the wall structure. Also, because the side ends of the wall material are inserted into the guide grooves, light-blocking and airtightness are inevitably ensured, and an improvement in the indoor environment can be expected.

As in the invention described in claim 2, the thickness of the wall material is made greater than the width of the guide groove of the pillar, and a protrusion is formed in the center of the side end face of the wall material to be inserted into the guide groove, thereby further improving the strength and heat insulation of the wall structure. Note that by using fireproof cardboard instead of wood for this wall material, weight reduction and cost reduction can be expected.

As in the invention described in claim 3, by inserting a fixing pin into the wall material to connect the two columns, a cross member is not required. Therefore, it is expected that the cost will be reduced and the amount of work during construction will be further reduced. In addition, since there is no boundary between the wall material and the cross member, it is expected that the heat insulation and sound insulation will be improved.

This is a perspective view showing an example of a wall structure according to the present invention, in which a wall material is incorporated to fill the gap between two columns arranged side by side, and a cross member is attached to the top of the wall material to connect the two columns. The left side of the figure shows the entire wall structure, and the right side of the figure shows an enlarged view of the connection between the column and the cross member. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which connectors are attached to columns in the wall structure of FIG. 1, and the process of attaching the connectors is illustrated in cross section at the bottom of the figure. 3 is a perspective view showing a state subsequent to that shown in FIG. 2, in which the upper part of the figure shows a middle stage of assembling the wall material, and the lower part of the figure shows a stage after assembling the wall material has been completed. 4 is a perspective view showing the final stage after FIG. 3 in which the installation of the cross members has been completed and the wall structure has been completed. 5 is a perspective view showing a case where the wall structure of FIG. 4 is expanded in the vertical and horizontal directions. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a wall structure when the thickness of the wall material is increased. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the final stage after the installation of the cross members in the wall structure of FIG. 6 is completed. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a case where the wall structure of FIG. 6 is partially improved so that the wall material also functions as a cross member. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a connector used in the present invention, in which there is only one front panel.

Figure 1 shows an example of a wall structure according to the present invention, in which a wall material 11 is incorporated to fill the gap between two columns 21 arranged side by side, and a cross member 31 is attached to the top of the wall material 11 to connect the two columns 21. The left side of the figure shows the entire wall structure, and the right side of the figure shows an enlarged view of the connection between the column 21 and the cross member 31. The columns 21 and cross members 31 in this figure form the framework of the building, and the two columns 21 stand upright at a specified distance apart, with the lower parts of both columns 21 connected by a base 41. The thickness of the wall material 11 is smaller than one side of the cross section of the column 21, and the side end of the wall material 11 is inserted into a guide groove 24 machined into the side of the column 21. The guide groove 24 is machined only on one side of the column 21 where the wall material 11 is placed, and reaches the entire area along the longitudinal direction of the column 21. Furthermore, the guide grooves 24 are wide enough to hold the wall material 11 without loosening, and the width of the wall material 11 (the distance between both end faces) is adjusted to match the distance between the bottom faces of the opposing guide grooves 24, so that when both end faces of the wall material 11 are inserted into the guide grooves 24, the wall material 11 cannot be removed from the pillars 21.

The cross member 31 is a member that connects the tops of the two columns 21 together, is arranged parallel to the base 41, and is attached to the columns 21 via connectors 51. Therefore, the length of the cross member 31 is adjusted to match the distance between the two columns 21, and both end faces of the cross member 31 contact the sides of the columns 21. Then, by connecting the columns 21 together via the cross member 31, a lattice-like framework is constructed by the base 41, columns 21, and cross members 31. The wall material 11 is also designed to cover the entire inner circumference of the framework made up of the base 41, pillars 21, and cross members 31, and the lower part of the wall material 11 contacts the base 41 and the upper part of the wall material 11 contacts the cross members 31. The top surface of the base 41 has a guide groove 44 for inserting the wall material 11, and the bottom surface of the cross members 31 has a similar guide groove 34, and the entire outer edge of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide grooves 24, 34, and 44. Note that the top surface of the cross members 31 also has a guide groove 34, in consideration of the fact that the wall material 11 will be placed both above and below.

The connector 51 is located at the boundary between the column 21 and the cross member 31, and serves to attach the cross member 31 to the column 21. It is a steel plate bent at two points to form a U-shape. This connector 51 is composed of a front plate 55 located in the center, and leg plates 54 and side plates 56 arranged on the left and right of the front plate 55. The outer edge of each front plate 55 is finished in an arc shape at two points, above and below, and the leg plates 54 protrude from both the left and right ends of the front plate 55. The leg plates 54 are almost perpendicular to the front plate 55, and the left and right leg plates 54 protrude in the same direction. Furthermore, the front plates 55 are arranged at two points, above and below, for each connector 51. In addition, the end of the leg plate 54 protruding from the front plate 55 is connected to the side plate 56. The side plate 56 is aligned with the leg plate 54 without any step, and the side plate 56 extends in the vertical direction, and the two front plates 55 at the top and bottom are integrated through the side plate 56. In addition, the two side plates 56 arranged on the left and right have the same shape, and the gap between the side plates 56 is equal to the width of the guide groove 24.

In this way, the connector 51 used in the present invention has the front plate 55 and the side plate 56 not in direct contact with each other, but has the leg plate 54 interposed between them, and the leg plate 54 is positioned inside the circle along the upper and lower outer edges of the front plate 55. The front plate 55 is embedded in the accommodation hole 25 machined in the side of the column 21, and the corresponding side plate 56 is inserted into the slit 36 machined in the end of the cross member 31. The accommodation hole 25 has a circular cross section, and its center is aligned with the center of the guide groove 24. Furthermore, since the diameter of the accommodation hole 25 is larger than the width of the guide groove 24, the accommodation hole 25 reaches outside the guide groove 24 and is deeper than the guide groove 24. The accommodation hole 25 is machined in two places, one above and one below, for one column 21 here, in order to be positioned according to the front plate 55.

When the connector 51 is placed on the side of the pillar 21 and the front plate 55 of the connector 51 is embedded in the storage hole 25, the leg plate 54 also enters the storage hole 25, but the side plate 56 does not enter the storage hole 25 or the guide groove 24 due to its configuration, and is positioned so that it protrudes from the side of the pillar 21. In this way, by sandwiching the leg plate 54 between the front plate 55 and the side plate 56, the front plate 55 can be brought into contact with the bottom surface of the storage hole 25. In addition, the diameter of the storage hole 25 is matched to a circle that follows the upper and lower outer edges of the front plate 55, and the outer edge of the embedded front plate 55 comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the storage hole 25, so the displacement of the connector 51 is restricted.

A bolt 77 is used to attach the connector 51 to the column 21. The bolt 77 is inserted from the front plate 55 toward the column 21, and its tip reaches the opposite side of the column 21. A washer 76 is attached to the bolt 77, and a nut 75 is screwed into the bolt 77. When the bolt 77 is tightened, the head of the bolt 77 presses against the front plate 55, so that the front plate 55 is in close contact with the bottom of the accommodation hole 25, and the connector 51 is attached to the column 21. A fixing hole 57 is provided in the center of the front plate 55 to insert the bolt 77, and a communication hole 27 is machined in the center of the bottom of the accommodation hole 25, passing through the column 21. A countersink 26 is machined concentrically with the communication hole 27 on the opposite side of the accommodation hole 25 to embed the nut 75 and washer 76.

When the connector 51 is attached to the column 21, its side plate 56 protrudes from the side of the column 21, and in order to insert the side plate 56, two rows of slits 36 are machined at the end of the cross member 31. After the side plate 56 is inserted into the slit 36, a fixing pin 78 is inserted from the side of the cross member 31 to attach the cross member 31 to the connector 51. This inserted fixing pin 78 intersects with the side plate 56 and is fixed to the cross member 31 by friction. In order to insert the fixing pin 78 in this way, a side hole 38 that intersects with the slit 36 is machined on the side of the cross member 31, and a pin hole 58 and a pin groove 59 are provided on the side plate 56. Note that with a general-purpose connector unrelated to the present invention, in addition to machining two rows of slits at the end of the cross member, it is necessary to partially cut away the area between the two rows of slits. However, with the connector 51 of the present invention, the front plate 55 and leg plate 54 are embedded in the pillar 21, making such scraping unnecessary and reducing the amount of work.

When the connector 51 is attached to the pillar 21 using the bolt 77, its side plate 56 protrudes from the side of the pillar 21, but the side plate 56 is positioned outside the guide groove 24. Furthermore, the head of the bolt 77 that presses the front plate 55 is embedded in a position deeper than the bottom surface of the guide groove 24. As a result, the connector 51 and bolt 77 can be prevented from blocking the guide groove 24, and even after the connector 51 is attached to the pillar 21, it does not hinder the movement of the wall material 11 inserted in the guide groove 24.

Figure 2 shows the state in which the connector 51 is attached to the column 21 in the wall structure of Figure 1, and the process of attaching the connector 51 is illustrated in cross section at the bottom of the figure. As shown at the bottom of the figure, the connector 51 is placed upright on the side of the column 21, and its front plate 55 is brought into contact with the bottom of the accommodation hole 25. Then, a bolt 77 is inserted from the fixing hole 57 of the connector 51 toward the communication hole 27 of the column 21, a washer 76 is attached to the tip of the bolt 77 that has passed through the communication hole 27, and a nut 75 is screwed and tightened, so that the front plate 55 is in close contact with the bottom of the accommodation hole 25, the connector 51 is attached to the column 21, and the washer 76 and the nut 75 are embedded in the countersunk hole 26. Then, after the connectors 51 are attached to the left and right columns 21, the wall material 11 is placed above the column 21 and the wall material 11 is assembled between the left and right columns 21.

Because the accommodation hole 25 is larger than the guide groove 24, the leg plate 54 of the connector 51 can be positioned outside the guide groove 24, and the same is true for the side plate 56. As a result, when the connector 51 is attached to the pillar 21, the back surface of the side plate 56 of the connector 51 is aligned without any step with the side surface of the guide groove 24 of the pillar 21. Naturally, both of the left and right side plates 56 are positioned in the same way. In addition, the head of the bolt 77 is embedded deeper than the bottom surface of the guide groove 24. Therefore, even when the side end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 24, the movement of the wall material 11 is not hindered by the connector 51 or the bolt 77.

Figure 3 shows the state after Figure 2, with the top of the figure showing the middle stage of assembling the wall material 11 and the bottom of the figure showing the stage after assembling the wall material 11 has been completed. The side plate 56 of the connector 51 is positioned outside the guide groove 24. Therefore, as shown in the top of this figure, when the side end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 24 and the wall material 11 is gradually lowered, the wall material 11 passes between the two side plates 56. At this time, the back surface of the side plate 56 may come into contact with the wall material 11, but of course this does not prevent the movement of the wall material 11.

As shown in the lower part of this figure, once the wall material 11 has been assembled, its top surface is adjacent to the bottom of the connector 51. The cross member 31 is then attached to the pillar 21 via the connector 51, connecting the two pillars 21. Slits 36 are made at both ends of the cross member 31, into which the side panels 56 are inserted, and the side holes 38 of the cross member 31 and the pin holes 58 of the connector 51 are aligned concentrically. Then, the fixing pin 78 is inserted through the side holes 38, completing the installation of the cross member 31. At this time, the upper end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 34 in the center of the bottom surface of the cross member 31.

Figure 4 shows the final stage after Figure 3, where the installation of the cross member 31 is completed and the wall structure is completed. As shown in this figure, when the connection between the column 21 and the cross member 31 is completed, a lattice-shaped framework is constructed by the base 41, the column 21, and the cross member 31, and the inner periphery is blocked by the wall material 11, suppressing deformation of the framework. In this state, the lower end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 44 of the base 41, the upper end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 34 of the cross member 31, and the side end of the wall material 11 is inserted into the guide groove 24 of the column 21, and the entire outer edge of the wall material 11 is firmly integrated with the framework. Therefore, in addition to excellent light-shielding and airtightness, the strength is also improved. Moreover, with the present invention, there is no need for laborious work such as driving nails along the outer edge of the wall material 11.

Figure 5 shows the case where the wall structure of Figure 4 is expanded vertically and horizontally. The lattice-like framework consisting of columns 21 and horizontal members 31 can be expanded horizontally and vertically by arranging multiple columns 21 and horizontal members 31. Therefore, as shown in this figure, in addition to arranging three or more columns 21, it is also easy to arrange multiple horizontal members 31 at intervals vertically and incorporate wall materials 11 into each framework consisting of columns 21 and horizontal members 31. During construction, the columns 21 are first installed on the base 41, then the lower wall material 11 is assembled, the horizontal member 31 is attached on top of this wall material 11, and another wall material 11 is assembled on top of this horizontal member 31.

Figure 6 shows the wall structure when the thickness of the wall material 12 is increased. In this figure, the pillars 21 and connectors 51 are exactly the same as in Figure 1, with only the thickness of the wall material 12 being different. Note that the cross section of the pillars 21 in this figure is square, and the thickness of the wall material 12 is equal to one side of the cross section of the pillars 21, so that when the wall material 12 is assembled between two pillars 21, they are lined up without any steps. Furthermore, the side end surface of the wall material 12 is not simply flat, but has a protrusion 14 formed in the center.

The protrusion 14 is a part that literally protrudes in a convex shape and extends in the vertical direction of the wall material 12, and only the protrusion 14 is inserted into the guide groove 24 of the pillar 21. Also, a slit 16 is machined into the side end of the wall material 12 so as not to impede its movement when assembling it. The slit 16 is formed to sandwich the protrusion 14, and the side plate 56 of the connector 51 fits inside the slit 16, allowing the wall material 12 to pass through the connector 51, and ultimately the wall material 12 to be positioned below the connector 51.

As shown in this figure, if the thickness of the wall material 12 is increased and wood is used as the material, the increased weight makes it difficult to handle. Therefore, instead of wood, a hollow material such as cardboard can be used. In the case of cardboard, a large number of corrugated cores are layered to ensure the required thickness, and it is also treated to be fireproof as necessary.

Figure 7 shows the final stage of the wall structure of Figure 6, after the installation of the cross member 31. The wall material 12 has a slit 16 at the side end, into which the side plate 56 of the connector 51 can fit. Therefore, after the connector 51 is attached to the pillar 21, the wall material 12 can be assembled between the two pillars 21. When the cross member 31 is then attached, the sides of the base 41, pillar 21, and cross member 31 are aligned with the front and back surfaces of the wall material 12 without any steps, forming one large flat surface. At this time, the slit 36 of the cross member 31 and the slit 16 of the wall material 12 are aligned vertically without any steps due to their intended use. Note that the cross member 31 in this figure does not have the guide groove 34, and the top surface of the wall material 12 and the bottom surface of the cross member 31 are simply in contact.

Figure 8 shows a case where the wall structure of Figure 6 has been partially improved, with the wall material 13 also functioning as the cross member 31. Increasing the thickness of the wall material 13 also improves its strength, so that the wall material 13 itself can also function as the cross member 31, and it is also possible to omit the cross member 31 as shown in this figure and attach the wall material 13 itself to the pillar 21. In this case, side holes 18 are pre-machined in the wall material 13 at predetermined positions. Then, after aligning the side holes 18 concentrically with the pin holes 58 of the connector 51, the fixing pin 78 is inserted through the side holes 18, and the wall material 13 is attached to the pillar 21 via the connector 51.

Figure 9 shows an example of the shape of the connector 52 used in the present invention, where only one front plate 55 is used. In this way, the front plate 55 may be a single connector 52, or multiple connectors may be used. The side plates 56 are the same shape on both the left and right sides, but the arrangement and number of pin holes 58 and pin grooves 59 can be freely determined. However, the front plate 55 and the side plate 56 do not come into direct contact, and the leg plate 54 is interposed between them, as in the past. Therefore, when the connector 52 is attached to the pillar 21, the front plate 55 and the leg plate 54 are embedded in the accommodation hole 25, the side plate 56 is placed on the side of the pillar 21, and the wall material 11 can pass between the two side plates 56.

The upper and lower parts of the front plate 55 of the connector 52 in this figure are provided with abutment plates 65. The abutment plates 65 are curved in an arc between the two side plates 56, and when they come into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the accommodation hole 25, they can regulate the displacement of the connector 52. Furthermore, when the abutment plates 65 come into contact with the accommodation hole 25, the vertical load can be smoothly transmitted between the column 21 and the connector 52, and the load acting on the bolt 77 is alleviated. In addition, a female thread 67 is formed in the center of the front plate 55. Therefore, the bolt 77 is inserted from behind the guide groove 24 toward the connector 52, and its tip is screwed into the female thread 67 to pull the front plate 55 and attach the connector 52 to the column 21. In addition, the guide groove 34 is omitted from the cross member 31 in this figure, and the top surface of the wall material 11 and the bottom surface of the cross member 31 simply come into contact.

11. Wall material (thinner than pillars)
12. Wall material (of the same thickness as the pillars)
13. Wall materials (also functioning as cross members)
14 Protrusion 16 Slit 18 Side hole 21 Pillar 24 Guide groove 25 Storage hole 26 Countersunk hole 27 Communication hole 31 Cross member 34 Guide groove 36 Slit 38 Side hole 41 Base 44 Guide groove 51 Connector (front plate has two locations, top and bottom)
52 Connector (one front panel)
54 Leg plate 55 Front plate 56 Side plate 57 Fixing hole 58 Pin hole 59 Pin groove 65 Contact plate 67 Female thread 75 Nut 76 Washer 77 Bolt 78 Fixing pin

Claims (3)

A wall structure in which wall materials (11 to 13) are assembled to fill the gap between two columns (21), and a cross member (31) is disposed on top of the wall materials (11 to 13) to connect the two columns (21),
A guide groove (24) into which the side end of the wall material (11 to 13) is inserted is formed on each side surface of the pillar (21) that contacts the wall material (11 to 13),
The cross member (31) is attached to the column (21) via a connector (51 or 52), and the connector (51 or 52) is U-shaped and includes a front plate (55) located at the center, leg plates (54) perpendicular to the front plate (55) and protruding from both side ends of the front plate (55), and side plates (56) connected to the ends of the leg plate (54) and protruding in the same direction as the leg plate (54) without any step.
Among the sides of the pillar (21), the side on which the guide groove (24) is formed has an accommodation hole (25) with a diameter larger than the width of the guide groove (24) in order to embed the front plate (55) and the leg plate (54). The front plate (55) is pulled in by a bolt (77) to attach the connector (51 or 52) to the pillar (21). The bottom of the accommodation hole (25) is located deeper than the guide groove (24).
Two rows of slits (36) are formed at the end of the cross member (31) to insert the side plate (56), and the cross member (31) is attached to the connector (51 or 52) by a fixing pin (78) that is inserted so as to cross the slits (36).
A wall structure characterized in that, when the connecting device (51 or 52) is attached to the pillar (21), the front plate (55) and the bolt (77) are embedded at a position deeper than the bottom surface of the guide groove (24), and the leg plate (54) and the side plate (56) are positioned outside the guide groove (24). The wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the wall material (12 or 13) is greater than the width of the guide groove (24), a protrusion (14) is formed in the center of the side end face of the wall material (12 or 13) to be inserted into the guide groove (24), and a slit (16) is formed outside the protrusion (14) to pass the side plate (56). The wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the two columns (21) are connected by inserting the fixing pin (78) into the wall material (13).

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