JP7470835B2 - Seal Structure - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a sealing structure.

For example, in various plants, many pieces of equipment are installed inside a building, and this equipment needs to be connected to the outside through power lines, signal lines, water pipes, exhaust pipes, and the like. For this reason, a through hole is formed in the wall of the building, a pipe is inserted into the through hole, and a seal is provided in the gap between the inner surface of the through hole and the outer surface of the pipe to seal the gap. The pipes are drainage pipes, exhaust pipes, etc., and may also be force lines, signal lines, etc. Hereinafter, the member (penetrating member) through which the through hole is inserted will be described as a representative pipe. In this case, for example, when an earthquake occurs, the relative positional relationship between the pipe and the wall may change, so the seal is required to have elasticity. In addition, in order to protect the building from a tsunami that attacks after an earthquake, sufficient water resistance and water stoppage performance is required even after being shaken by the earthquake. Furthermore, even if a fire breaks out in the building immediately after the earthquake, it is desirable for the water resistance and water stoppage performance to be maintained in order to withstand a tsunami that may attack after the fire. In other words, the seal is also required to have fire resistance and flame retardancy.

One such technique is described in, for example, Cited Document 1 below. The technique described in Cited Document 1 involves inserting an installation member into a hole in a wall, and providing a fireproof sealant between the hole and the installation member.

Patent No. 6256760

In the above-mentioned prior art, a fire-resistant sealant is provided between the hole in the wall and the installation member, and a known architectural sealant is used as the fire-resistant sealant. However, there is no description as to whether the known architectural sealant has sufficient fire resistance or flame retardancy. Therefore, in the event of a fire, the fire may spread to the fire-resistant sealant, making it impossible to maintain sufficient watertightness.

The present disclosure aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a sealing structure that improves fire resistance and flame retardancy, thereby preventing a decrease in watertightness after a fire.

The sealing structure of the present disclosure for achieving the above object is a sealing structure having a through hole provided in a wall of a structure and a sealing part connecting the wall and a penetrating member inserted into the through hole, the sealing part having a watertight part having watertightness and a flame-retardant flame shielding part arranged on at least one side of the watertight part in the penetrating direction of the through hole, the sealing part having a cylindrical shape, one axial end part connected to the wall part and the other axial end part connected to the penetrating member.

The sealing structure disclosed herein improves fire resistance and flame retardancy, making it possible to prevent a decrease in watertightness even if a fire occurs after an earthquake.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the metal sheet. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the third embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the seal portion. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the seal portion. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to the eighth embodiment.

Below, a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, and when there are multiple embodiments, the present disclosure also includes configurations that combine the various embodiments. Furthermore, the components in the embodiments include those that a person skilled in the art would easily imagine, those that are substantially the same, and those that are within the so-called equivalent range.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure of a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing a metal sheet.

In the sealing structure of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a building as a structure has a wall 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is arranged so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted through it. The wall 11 is formed of concrete or the like, and is set to a thickness dimension sufficient to withstand a predetermined water pressure. The through hole 12 is a hole with a circular cross section whose inner diameter is set based on design specifications such as the outer diameter dimension of the pipe 13, and is formed along the horizontal direction. The pipe 13 is a cylindrical pipe that penetrates approximately the center of the through hole 12 along the horizontal direction. In FIG. 1, the left side is the inside of the building, and the right side is the outside of the building.

In the seal structure of the first embodiment, a seal portion 14 is disposed in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The seal portion 14 has a watertight portion 21, a metal sheet 22, and a flame shielding portion 23. The watertight portion 21 also has a filling seal material 31, a breaker material 32, and an elastic member 33.

That is, in the sealing structure of the first embodiment, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding section 23 are arranged in this order from the inside of the building (the left side of FIG. 1).

At this time, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 each form a disk shape with a hole in the center. The filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 are in close contact with each other. However, the breaker material 32 is not adhered (fixed) to at least one of the filling seal material 31 and the elastic member 33, or both, and its movement is not restricted by them. It is preferable that the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 are not only in close contact but also bonded.

In addition, the outer periphery of the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 adheres closely to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 without any gaps, and the inner periphery adheres closely to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 without any gaps. Furthermore, for the elastic member 33 and the flame shielding portion 23, the outer periphery of the flame shielding portion 23 must be adhered to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 with sufficient strength even after an earthquake, and the inner periphery of the elastic member 33 must be adhered to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 with sufficient strength in order to prevent the intrusion of the flame, i.e., the burning flammable gas, and the tsunami, i.e., the seawater, into the seal structure. In other words, the seal portion 14 is firmly adhered to the two surfaces, the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 (two-surface adhesion). This is not limited to fires or floods following earthquakes, but also applies to fires or floods caused by other reasons. Here, a sufficiently strong bond means a strength such that the material that constitutes the seal portion 14 breaks before the adhesive surface peels off, and the adhesive strength should be greater than the material strength of the seal portion 14.

For the filling seal material 31, a viscoelastic material having heat resistance according to the temperature of the fluid passing through the inside of the pipe 13 and the temperature inside the building is used. The filling seal material 31 is filled in liquid form between the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the pipe 13, and then hardened to ensure watertightness between the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the pipe 13. In this embodiment, for the filling seal material 31, a viscoelastic material such as urethane rubber or silicone rubber is used to ensure watertightness.

The elastic member 33 is disposed on the outdoor side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the filling seal material 31, and the outer periphery side is fixed to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12, and the inner periphery side is fixed to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13, and is formed of a material having high elasticity. Although not shown, a primer may be interposed between the elastic member 33 and the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 and between the elastic member 33 and the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13. In other words, the elastic member 33 may be filled in a state in which a primer is applied as a base to improve adhesion performance to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13. In addition, the inner periphery 12a and the outer periphery 13a may be subjected to a base treatment by roughening the surface, and further, a primer may be applied after roughening. By roughening the surface, fine irregularities are applied, and the adhesion area is increased, thereby improving adhesion performance.

The elastic member 33 is a sealing material with high elasticity, and in this embodiment, is formed of a silicone sealant. That is, the elastic member 33 has the ability to follow the movement of the pipe 13 even if the pipe 13 moves after construction, changing the relative position of the pipe 13 with respect to the through hole 12 and changing the distance between them. Although a silicone sealant is used as the elastic member 33, this is not limited to this as long as the material has high elasticity and is watertight. For example, polybutadiene-based liquid rubber may be used as the elastic member 33. Also, a rubber-like sheet may be used as the elastic member 33, and the rubber-like sheet may be bonded to the pipe 13 and the inner wall of the through hole 12.

The primer is a base material applied to improve the adhesion between the elastic member 33 and the through hole 12, and between the elastic member 33 and the pipe 13. The primer is appropriately selected depending on the object to which the elastic member 33 is to be bonded. For example, a primer applied between the through hole 12 formed of concrete and the elastic member 33 is preferably a silicone-modified urethane resin dissolved in a butyl acetate solvent. A primer applied between the metal pipe 13 and the elastic member 33 is preferably a silane resin dissolved in a solvent consisting of acetone, IPA, and toluene.

The breaker material 32 is a member that allows relative movement between the filling seal material 31 and the elastic member 33 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the piping 13. The breaker material 32 is interposed between the filling seal material 31 and the elastic member 33. The breaker material 32 covers one side of the filling seal material 31 facing outside the building in the axial direction, and also covers one side of the elastic member 33 facing inside the building in the axial direction.

The breaker material 32 is a disk-shaped member having a predetermined thickness in the axial direction of the pipe 13. Specifically, the breaker material 32 is a disk-shaped member having a circular hole in the center for inserting the pipe 13. The hole for the pipe 13 has a size that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pipe 13 or a size slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 13. In addition, the outer diameter of the breaker material 32 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the through hole 12 or a size slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 12.

The breaker material 32 is made of a polyethylene foam sheet, and may be any material that allows relative movement between the filling seal material 31 and the elastic member 33. Note that the breaker material 32 is not limited to polyethylene foam, and may be any material that is non-adhesive to at least one of the filling seal material 31 and the elastic member 33 and has a small coefficient of friction.

The metal sheet 22 is provided on the building exterior side of the elastic member 33 that constitutes a part of the watertight portion 21. The metal sheet 22 is a disk-shaped member having a predetermined thickness in the axial direction of the pipe 13. As shown in FIG. 2, the metal sheet 22 is composed of two semicircular sheet bodies 41, 42. The sheet bodies 41, 42 are semicircular plate-shaped members having semicircular notches 41a, 42a formed at the center for inserting the pipe 13. The notches 41a, 42a for the pipe 13 are approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pipe 13 or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 13. In addition, the metal sheet 22 (sheet bodies 41, 42) has an outer diameter approximately the same as the inner diameter of the through hole 12 or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 12. The metal sheet 22 is not limited to being composed of two semicircular sheet bodies 41, 42, and may be divided into three or more sheets or may be one sheet. Furthermore, if the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 12 or the pipe 13 is not circular, the metal sheet 22 can be made to match those cross-sectional shapes.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the metal sheet 22 may be any material capable of preventing air (oxygen) from entering the watertight portion 21, and is preferably made of, for example, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, etc., but is not limited to these. The thicker the metal sheet 22, the less likely it is to be damaged during construction (such as accidentally drilling holes, folding, or tearing), but if it is too thick, there are problems such as the time and effort required to cut it into the required shape. Therefore, for example, when an aluminum sheet is used as the metal sheet 22, the thickness of the metal sheet 22 is preferably in the range of 0.02 to 0.2 mm, when a stainless steel sheet is used, the thickness is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 mm, and when a titanium sheet is used, the thickness is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 mm. Setting the thickness of the metal sheet 22 to such a numerical range can improve workability during construction.

The metal sheet 22 has the sheet bodies 41, 42 adhered to the surface of the elastic member 33. In this case, after the elastic member 33 is applied, the sheet bodies 41, 42 are adhered to the elastic member 33 in a sticky state before the elastic member 33 hardens. When the elastic member 33 hardens, the sheet bodies 41, 42 are adhered to the solidified elastic member 33 in a state of being in close contact with it.

The flame shielding portion 23 is provided on the outside of the building relative to the metal sheet 22. The outer periphery of the flame shielding portion 23 is fixed to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12, and the inner periphery is fixed to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13. The flame shielding portion 23 is made of a material that has a flame retardant grade equivalent to UL94V-0 or a flame retardant grade of UL94V-0 or higher in the UL94 flammability standard. The flame shielding portion 23 is the portion that comes into contact with flames in the event of a fire, and is resistant to the spread of fire itself and does not burn down, thereby preventing direct contact between the watertight portion 21, which is located inside the flame shielding portion 23, and the flame, and suppressing the spread of fire in the watertight portion 21.

If the adhesive interface between the flame shielding part 23 and the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 or the adhesive interface between the flame shielding part 23 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the pipe 13 peels off due to the vibration of the earthquake, there is a risk that the flame may contact the watertight part 21 inside the flame shielding part 23 in the event of a fire after the earthquake. Therefore, the flame shielding part 23 is required to have high adhesive strength to the concrete forming the through hole 12 and the metal (stainless steel, carbon steel, etc.) forming the pipe 13. Here, high adhesive strength means, for example, a strength to the extent that the material constituting the seal part 14 breaks before the adhesive surface peels off, and the adhesive strength may be greater than the material strength of the seal part 14. Furthermore, it is desirable for the flame shielding part 23 to have flexibility because the flame shielding effect decreases if damage such as cracks occurs due to an earthquake or the like after construction. However, when considering cases where the fire shield 23 is applied to a horizontal through-hole 12 formed in a vertical wall 11, or to a horizontal through-hole 12 formed in a ceiling as an exterior wall, it is not preferable for the fire shield 23 to have too much fluidity when in an applicable state before hardening.

Since the flame shielding part 23 is applied to the surface of the metal sheet 22 so as to cover the entire metal sheet 22, it is necessary to consider the affinity with the metal sheet 22. If the affinity of the flame shielding part 23 is low, there is a concern that the metal sheet 22 will repel the flame shielding part 23, making it difficult to form a uniform flame shielding part 23. In consideration of this, it is preferable to apply a silicone-based sealant designated for fire doors to the flame shielding part 23. For example, Shin-Etsu Silicone's Sealant 40N and Sealant 74, Dow Corning Toray's SE5006 Sealant, and Momentive Japan's Tosseal 64 and Tosseal 84 are suitable, but are not limited to these. The solubility parameter of the silicone, which is the main agent of these silicone-based sealants, is 7 to 8 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 .

[Second embodiment]
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the sealing structure of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is positioned so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted therethrough.

In the seal structure of the second embodiment, a seal portion 14A is disposed in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The seal portion 14A has a watertight portion 21A, metal sheets 22a and 22b, and flame shielding portions 23a and 23b. The watertight portion 21A also has a filling seal material 31, breaker materials 32a and 32b, and elastic members 33a and 33b.

That is, in the sealing structure of the second embodiment, the watertight portion 21A, the metal sheets 22a, 22b, and the fire shielding portions 23a, 23b are arranged in this order from the middle of the thickness direction of the wall portion 11 (axial direction of the through hole 12) toward the inside of the building (left side of FIG. 3) and the outside of the building (right side of FIG. 3). In addition, the watertight portion 21A is arranged in the order of the filling seal material 31, the breaker materials 32a, 32b, and the elastic members 33a, 33b from the middle of the thickness direction of the wall portion 11 (axial direction of the through hole 12) toward the inside of the building (left side of FIG. 3) and the outside of the building (right side of FIG. 3).

At this time, the filling seal material 31, the breaker materials 32a, 32b, the elastic members 33a, 33b, the metal sheets 22a, 22b, and the flame shielding portions 23a, 23b each form a disk shape with a hole in the center. The breaker material 32a, the elastic member 33a, the metal sheets 22a, and the flame shielding portions 23a are in close contact with one side of the filling seal material 31. The breaker material 32b, the elastic member 33b, the metal sheets 22b, and the flame shielding portions 23b are in close contact with the other side of the filling seal material 31. The outer periphery of the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32a, 32b, the elastic member 33a, 33b, the metal sheet 22a, 22b, and the flame shielding portion 23a, 23b adheres closely to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 without any gaps, and the inner periphery adheres closely to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 without any gaps.

At this time, by taking into consideration the thicknesses of the filling seal material 31, the breaker materials 32a, 32b, the elastic members 33a, 33b, the metal sheets 22a, 22b, and the flame shielding portions 23a, 23b, the thicknesses of the stacked filling seal material 31, the breaker materials 32a, 32b, the elastic members 33a, 33b, the metal sheets 22a, 22b, and the flame shielding portions 23a, 23b, and the axial length of the through hole 12 are made the same, and the flat portions of the flame shielding portions 23a, 23b and the inner and outer surfaces of the wall portion 11 are configured to be continuous without any steps.

[Third embodiment]
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to a third embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the sealing structure of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is arranged so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member is inserted therethrough. In addition, a sleeve 51 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 12a of the through hole 12, and a cover portion 52 of the sleeve 51 is fastened to the axial end portion thereof by a plurality of bolts 53.

The sleeve 51 is cylindrical and has a main body 51a and a flange 51b. The outer peripheral surface of the main body 51a is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface 12a of the through hole 12. One axial end of the main body 51a coincides with the outer surface of the wall 11, and the other end protrudes from the outer surface of the wall 11, and the flange 51b is integrally formed. The flange 51b is in the shape of a disk with a hole of the same size as the inner diameter of the sleeve 51. The cover 52 is in the shape of a disk, the pipe 13 passes through the center, and the outer peripheral portion is in close contact with the flange 51b. A plurality of bolts 53 pass through the cover 52 from the cover 52 side and screw into the flange 51b.

In the seal structure of the third embodiment, a seal portion 14B is disposed in the space between a sleeve 51 provided in a through hole 12 and a pipe 13. The seal portion 14B has a watertight portion 21, a metal sheet 22, and a flame shielding portion 23. The watertight portion 21 also has a filling seal material 31, a breaker material 32, and an elastic member 33.

That is, in the sealing structure of the third embodiment, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding section 23 are arranged in this order from the inside of the building (the left side of Figure 4).

At this time, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 each form a disk shape with a hole in the center. The filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 are in close contact with each other. The filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the metal sheet 22, and the flame shielding portion 23 also have their outer peripheries in close contact with the inner periphery of the sleeve 51 without any gaps, and their inner peripheries in close contact with the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 without any gaps.

[Fourth embodiment]
5 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to a fourth embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the sealing structure of the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is positioned so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted therethrough.

In the sealing structure of the fourth embodiment, a sealing portion 14C is disposed in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The sealing portion 14C has a watertight portion 21, a flame shielding portion 23, and a metal sheet 22. The watertight portion 21 also has a filling seal material 31, a breaker material 32, and an elastic member 33.

That is, in the sealing structure of the fourth embodiment, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the flame shielding portion 23, and the metal sheet 22 are arranged in this order from the inside of the building (the left side of FIG. 5).

At this time, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the flame shielding portion 23, and the metal sheet 22 each form a disk shape with a hole in the center. The filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the flame shielding portion 23, and the metal sheet 22 are in close contact with each other. The filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, the flame shielding portion 23, and the metal sheet 22 also have their outer peripheries in close contact with the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12 without any gaps, and their inner peripheries in close contact with the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13 without any gaps.

In this embodiment, the flame shielding part 23 is provided in close contact with the elastic member 33. Since the flame shielding part 23 is applied to the surface of the elastic member 33, it is necessary to consider the affinity with the elastic member 33. If the affinity of the flame shielding part 23 is low, there is a concern that the elastic member 33 will repel the flame shielding part 23, making it difficult to form a uniform flame shielding part 23. In consideration of this, when the affinity is expressed by Fedors' solubility parameter, the difference in solubility parameter between the elastic member 33 after hardening and the flame shielding part 23 at the time of application (in a paste form) is less than ³ (cal/cm3) ^1/2 , preferably less than 2 (cal/ ^cm3 ) ^1/2 . The closer the solubility parameter values are, the higher the affinity is; therefore, if the solubility parameter difference is 3 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 or more, the affinity is low and there is a high risk that the hardened material of the elastic member 33 will repel the flame shielding portion 23.

When a silicone sealant is used as the elastic member 33, the solubility parameter of the silicone rubber, which is the main agent of the silicone sealant, is 7 to 8 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 , so the upper limit of the solubility parameter of the main agent of the flame shielding part 23 before hardening is 10 to 11 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 , preferably 9 to 10 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 . Since no polymeric material with a solubility parameter of less than 6 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 has been found, the lower limit of the solubility parameter of the flame shielding part 23 before hardening is also about 6 (cal/cm ³ ) ^1/2 . Furthermore, since the solubility parameters of additives and fillers have a smaller effect on the repelling property compared to the main agent, only the solubility parameter of the main agent is taken into consideration.

The metal sheet 22 is provided so as to be in close contact with the flame shielding portion 23. At this time, a flame shielding member 24 is provided between the metal sheet 22 and the inner peripheral surface 12a of the through hole 12. A flame shielding member 25 is provided between the metal sheet 22 and the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13. The flame shielding members 24, 25 are formed of a material whose flammability grade in the UL94 flammability standard is equivalent to UL94V-0 or whose flammability grade is UL94V-0 or higher. The flame shielding members 24, 25 may be made of the same material as the material constituting the flame shielding portion 23, or may be made of a different material. The flame shielding members 24, 25 are ring-shaped and provided to cover the outer peripheral and inner peripheral portions of the metal sheet 22, but may also be disk-shaped and provided to cover the entire surface of the metal sheet 22.

[Fifth embodiment]
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure according to a fifth embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the sealing structure of the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is positioned so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted therethrough.

In the sealing structure of the fifth embodiment, a sealing portion 14D is disposed in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The sealing portion 14D has a flame shielding portion 61 and a metal sheet 22. The flame shielding portion 61 has watertight performance as well as flame shielding performance. In other words, it has the function of both the watertight portion 21 (filling seal material 31, elastic member 33) and the flame shielding portion 23 (both see FIG. 1) in the first embodiment.

The outer periphery of the flame shielding portion 61 is fixed to the inner periphery 12a of the through hole 12, and the inner periphery is fixed to the outer periphery 13a of the pipe 13. The flame shielding portion 61 is made of a material that meets the flammability grade of UL94V-0 or higher in the flammability UL94 standard. The flame shielding portion 61 is the portion that comes into contact with the flame in the event of a fire, and is resistant to the spread of fire and does not burn down, so that it can maintain its own watertightness. Suitable materials for the flame shielding portion 61 include, but are not limited to, Shin-Etsu Silicone's Sealant 40N and Sealant 74, Dow Corning Toray's SE5006 Sealant, and Momentive Japan's Tosseal 64 and Tosseal 84.

The metal sheet 22 is provided so as to be in close contact with the flame shielding portion 61. At this time, a flame shielding member 24 is provided between the metal sheet 22 and the inner peripheral surface 12a of the through hole 12. A flame shielding member 25 is provided between the metal sheet 22 and the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13. The flame shielding members 24, 25 are formed from a material that has a flammability grade equivalent to UL94V-0 or a flammability grade of UL94V-0 or higher in the flammability UL94 standard. The flame shielding members 24, 25 may be made of the same material as the material that constitutes the flame shielding portion 61, or may be made of a different material. Although the metal sheet 22 is provided on the outside of the building (right side of FIG. 6), it is preferable to provide it on the inside of the building (left side of FIG. 6).

Sixth Embodiment
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the seal structure of the sixth embodiment, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in Fig. 7, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the seal portion. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Figs. 7 to 9, in the seal structure of the sixth embodiment, a seal portion 70 is disposed between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The seal portion 70 has a cylindrical shape, and one axial end is connected to the wall portion 11 and the other axial end is connected to the pipe 13. The seal portion 70 has a watertight portion 71 and a flame shielding portion 72. In this disclosure, "connection" includes a configuration in which the end of the seal portion 70 is directly fixed to the wall portion 11 or the pipe 13, and a configuration in which the end of the seal portion 70 is indirectly fixed to the wall portion 11 or the pipe 13 via another member.

A cylindrical connecting member 81 is fixed to the through hole 12. The axial length of the connecting member 81 is longer than the axial length of the through hole 12. At least the axial end of the connecting member 81, where the seal structure of the sixth embodiment is installed, protrudes outward from the through hole 12. The connecting member 81 is fixed so that the outer peripheral surface 81a is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface 12a of the through hole 12.

The watertight portion 71 is cylindrical, and the flame shielding portion 72 is also cylindrical. The seal portion 70 is formed by closely adhering the flame shielding portion 72 to the outer peripheral surface of the watertight portion 71 without any gaps. The seal portion 70 is boot-shaped, with the inner and outer diameters of one axial end portion 70a being smaller than those of the other axial end portion 70b. One end portion 70a of the seal portion 70 is connected to the wall portion 11 via a connecting member 81, and the other end portion 70b is connected to the piping 13.

The sealing portion 70 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface 81a of the end of the connecting member 81, which protrudes from the through hole 12 to the outside of the building (the right side of FIG. 7). With the sealing portion 70 fitted to the outer peripheral surface 81a of the connecting member 81, the sealing portion 70 is fixed to the connecting member 81 by a ring-shaped presser metal fitting 82. The presser metal fitting 82 has a pair of semicircular metal fitting bodies 83, 84. The metal fitting bodies 83, 84 are arranged to form a ring shape on the outside of the one end 70a of the sealing portion 70. In this state, the pair of flanges 83a, 84a provided at each end in the longitudinal direction of the metal fitting bodies 83, 84 are in close contact with each other and are fastened by a bolt 85 and a nut 86. That is, the one end 70a of the sealing portion 70 is connected to the connecting member 81 by being clamped in the thickness direction by the connecting member 81 and the presser metal fitting 82.

In addition, an adjustment ring 87 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13. The inner peripheral surface 87a of the adjustment ring 87 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13. The adjustment ring 87 has a semicircular ring body. The other end 70b of the seal portion 70 fits into the outer peripheral surface 87b of the adjustment ring 87. The seal portion 70 is fixed to the pipe 13 by a ring-shaped pressing metal fitting 88 with the other end 70b fitted into the outer peripheral surface 87b of the adjustment ring 87. The pressing metal fitting 88 has a pair of semicircular metal fitting bodies 89, 90. The metal fitting bodies 89, 90 are arranged to form a ring shape on the outside of the other end 70b of the seal portion 70. In this state, the metal fitting bodies 89, 90 are in close contact with each other at the longitudinal ends of the pair of flanges 89a, 90a, and are fastened by bolts 91 and nuts 92. That is, the other end 70b of the seal portion 70 is clamped in the thickness direction by the adjustment ring 87 and the clamping metal fitting 88, and is connected to the pipe 13 via the adjustment ring 87.

The watertight portion 71 and the flame shielding portion 72 that make up the sealing portion 70 are described in detail below.

The watertight portion 71 is a seal boot that is watertight and water pressure resistant (low elasticity), and can prevent tsunamis from entering the building. In addition, the watertight portion 71 makes the seal structure of the sixth embodiment flame retardant as a structure by making the boot seal flame retardant. The watertight portion 71 is non-flame retardant, but a flame retardant agent is applied to the front or back surface of the watertight portion 71 to form the flame shielding portion 72. Therefore, the boot seal can be given flame retardancy, resulting in a seal structure that has flame retardancy.

The seal portion 70 is a boot seal that is cylindrical and has a conical shape (frustum shape) with a diameter that decreases from one end 70a to the other end 70b. Therefore, the seal portion 70 can be freely curved, and can absorb displacement of the relative distance between the wall portion 11 and the pipe 13 during an earthquake. As a result, it is possible to suppress damage to the seal portion 70 caused by an earthquake.

The seal portion 70 is configured by providing a flame shielding portion 72 on the surface of a watertight portion 71. The seal portion 70 is formed into a cylindrical shape by rolling a fan-shaped sheet. Both ends of the rolled sheet are joined with a hook-and-loop fastener. In this case, a sheet provided with a flame shielding portion 72 is rolled on the surface of the watertight portion 71 to provide a cylindrical seal portion 70. Alternatively, the sheet-shaped watertight portion 71 may be rolled into a cylindrical shape, and the flame shielding portion 72 may be attached or applied to the surface.

The seal portion 70 has one end 70a fixed to a connecting member 80 fixed to the wall portion 11 (through hole 12) by a clamping metal fitting 82. The other end 70b of the seal portion 70 is fixed to an adjustment ring 87 fixed to the piping 13 by a clamping metal fitting 88. The clamping metal fittings 82 and 88 are made of metal and prevent leakage of seawater and the like from each end 70a and 70b where the seal portion 70 is tightened and fixed.

The watertight portion 71 is preferably made of a material in which fibers are woven at least vertically and horizontally, and then impregnated with a viscoelastic material and hardened. The viscoelastic properties of the viscoelastic material allow the watertight portion 71 to ensure high flexibility and high adhesion to the pipe 13 and the adjustment ring 87. In other words, if the watertight portion 71 were made only of a viscoelastic material, it would have high elasticity like rubber, and would swell and tear significantly when water pressure is applied, resulting in insufficient water pressure resistance. For this reason, the watertight portion 71 can be made to have low elasticity by impregnating fibers woven vertically and horizontally with a viscoelastic material and hardening it.

As the fiber used for the watertight part 71, nylon fiber is preferable, but is not limited to it, in consideration of mechanical strength and availability. As the viscoelastic material to be impregnated and solidified into the woven fiber, silicone rubber is preferable, but is not limited to it, in consideration of heat resistance in the event of a fire, which will be described later. In addition, the mechanical properties of the watertight part 71 must ensure that it has a moderate degree of curvature and mechanical strength to withstand a tsunami equivalent to 20 meters. As an example, the appropriate tensile strength at break of the watertight part 71 (JIS K 6251 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of tensile properties") is 10 MPa or more (conservatively 50 times or more tensile strength against a water pressure of 0.2 MPa), and the elongation at break is preferably less than 30% (elongation at 0.2 MPa is about 0.6%). As a material for the watertight part 71 that satisfies these conditions, RNU-1025 (fiber: nylon, viscoelastic material: silicone rubber) manufactured by Nichias is preferable, but is not limited to it.

As shown in FIG. 10, the flame shielding portion 72 is provided on the surface 71a of the watertight portion 71 that comes into direct contact with the flame. At this time, the back surface 72a of the flame shielding portion 72 is in close contact with the surface 71a of the watertight portion 71 without any gaps. Since the flame shielding portion 72 is provided on the surface 71a of the watertight portion 71 of the seal portion 70, the spread of fire in the watertight portion 71 is suppressed even if the flame acts on the surface 72b of the flame shielding portion 72. Note that in addition to the surface 71a of the watertight portion 71, the flame shielding portion 72 may be provided on the back surface 71b of the watertight portion 71 with which the flame wraps around and comes into indirect contact.

The flame-retardant agent is applied to the front and back surfaces of the watertight portion 71 to provide the flame-shielding portion 72. The flame-retardant agent is made of a material that meets the UL94V-0 flame-retardant grade or higher of the UL94V-0 flammability standard. In this case, the flame-retardant agent is applied to the watertight portion 71, and dried (or cured) to form the flame-shielding portion 72, forming a seal portion 70 that has a flame-retardant grade equivalent to UL94V-0 or higher. The thickness of the flame-retardant agent applied to the watertight portion 71 after drying (or curing) is preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm. If it is less than 0.5 mm, the effect of the flame-retardant agent may be insufficient. On the other hand, even if it is applied to a thickness of 4.0 mm or more, the flame-retardant agent reaches a plateau, resulting in increased material costs.

The adhesion of the flame-shielding part 72 to the watertight part 71 is within Class 2 according to JIS K 5600-5-6 "General test methods for paints - Part 5: Mechanical properties of coating film - Section 6: Adhesion (cross-cut method)", and preferably has good adhesion within Class 0 or Class 1. In order to allow the watertight part 71 and the flame-shielding part 72 to bend freely as one unit during an earthquake, it is preferable that the flame-shielding part 72 in which the flame retardant has hardened (or dried) has an elongation at break of 150% or more according to JIS K 6251 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of tensile properties", a tensile modulus (25% elongation) of 2 MPa or less, and a compressive modulus (10% compression) of 2 MPa or less according to JIS K 6254 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of stress-strain properties". If the elongation at break of the fire shielding portion 72 after the flame retardant has hardened (or dried) is less than 150%, the tensile modulus (25% elongation) exceeds 2 MPa, and the compressive modulus (10% compression) exceeds 2 MPa, applying such a flame retardant hardener may impair the flexibility of the sealing portion 70. Suitable flame retardants that satisfy these conditions include silicone sealants, preferably silicone sealants for fire doors, and specific examples thereof include SE5006 sealant and DOWSIL ^™ SE9188 RTV (DOWSIL ^™ is a registered trademark of The Dow Chemical Company or its affiliates) manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd., Sealant 40N manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., and Tosseal 84 (registered trademark) manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan LLC, but are not limited thereto.

Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the seal part. As shown in Figure 11, the seal part 70A has a watertight part 71 and a flame shield part 73. The flame shield part 73 includes a plurality of fillers 74 as deterioration prevention pieces. The flame shield part 73 is provided on the surface 71a of the watertight part 71. At this time, the back surface 73a of the flame shield part 73 is in close contact with the surface 71a of the watertight part 71 without any gaps. Since the flame shield part 73 is provided on the surface 71a of the watertight part 71, the seal part 70A suppresses the spread of fire in the watertight part 71 even if the flame acts on the surface 73b of the flame shield part 73. In addition to the surface 71a of the watertight part 71, the flame shield part 73 may be provided on the back surface 71b of the watertight part 71 with which the flame goes around and indirectly contacts.

Furthermore, in order to suppress oxidative deterioration of the seal portion 70, particularly the watertight portion 71, it is preferable to add a clay mineral, which is a deterioration prevention member (deterioration prevention piece), as a filler 74 to the flame retardant agent. Clay minerals are silica-alumina-based inorganic compounds with a layered atomic structure and a thin plate-like particle shape, and since they are themselves non-flammable, they also have the effect of improving the flame retardancy of the flame retardant agent. Suitable clay mineral particles to be mixed with the flame retardant agent include, but are not limited to, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, smectite, vermiculite, and mica.

When a flame retardant agent containing clay minerals is applied to the surface of the watertight portion 71, thin clay mineral particles (filler 74) are arranged in parallel in the hardened flame shielding portion 73. Then, in order for oxygen molecules in the air to pass through the flame shielding portion 73 and reach the watertight portion 71, they must bypass the clay mineral particles (filler 74) that do not allow oxygen to pass through, and it takes time for them to reach the watertight portion 71, which can delay the oxidative deterioration of the watertight portion 71. In addition, even if the surface 73b of the flame shielding portion 73 of the seal portion 40A is exposed to a flame in the event of a fire, the thin clay mineral particles (filler 74) suppress direct contact between oxygen in the air and the flame retardant agent, so that the flame retardancy of the flame shielding portion 73 can be further improved. The clay mineral content in the flame retardant agent is preferably 5% to 30% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, the effect of adding it is difficult to be expressed. On the other hand, if it is more than 30% by weight, the amount of silicone-based flame retardant that acts as a binder will be relatively too small, increasing the possibility that adhesion to the watertight part 71 and workability will decrease.

In the seal structure having the seal parts 70, 70A of the sixth embodiment, even if the relative position between the connecting member 81 of the wall part 11 and the pipe 13 is displaced in the axial direction of the through hole 12, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction, or the vertical direction during an earthquake, the sealing performance of the seal parts 70, 70A can be maintained. In addition, even if seawater acts forcefully from the outside or inside of the wall part 11 during a tsunami attack and the pressure on the seal parts 70, 70A increases rapidly, the fibers woven into the watertight part 71 suppress the expansion of the seal parts 70, 70A, suppressing damage to the seal parts 70, 70A and maintaining the sealing performance. In other words, the seal parts 70, 70A have the flexibility to freely curve and absorb the displacement in response to the displacement of the relative position between the connecting member 81 of the wall part 11 and the pipe 13 during an earthquake, but because of their low elasticity, they suppress expansion due to water pressure, and are less likely to expand and be damaged even when the water pressure of the tsunami is applied.

If a fire breaks out outside the wall 11 after an earthquake and the seal of the seal structure is exposed to the flames, if the seal is non-flame retardant it will burn, which could cause the fire to spread to the inside of the wall 11. If a tsunami then strikes, the seal of the seal structure will no longer maintain the desired water pressure resistance and watertightness, making it difficult to prevent the tsunami from entering the building.

However, in the seal structure having the seal parts 70, 70A of the sixth embodiment, the flame shielding part 73 is provided on the outside of the watertight part 71, so that the seal parts 70, 70A become flame retardant, and by realizing flame retardancy as a seal structure, even if a fire breaks out in one compartment after an earthquake, it is possible to prevent the fire from spreading to adjacent compartments. If a tsunami strikes after that, the seal parts 70, 70A maintain the expected water pressure resistance and watertightness, making it possible to protect the building from the tsunami. In addition, by providing the seal part 70A containing a filler, the time until oxygen in the atmosphere reaches the watertight part 71 is extended, and the start of the so-called oxidative deterioration reaction in which the watertight part 71 reacts with oxygen is delayed, thereby suppressing deterioration of the seal part 70A. Furthermore, the direct contact of the flame retardant imparting agent constituting the flame shielding part 73 with oxygen in the atmosphere is suppressed, improving the flame retardancy of the flame shielding part 73 and improving the flame retardancy of the seal structure.

Table 1 below shows the evaluations of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which used four types of silicone sealants as flame retardant agents that make up the flame shielding portion.

A flame retardancy confirmation test was conducted using a test piece of a seal part in which a flame-retardant agent was applied to the watertight part to form a flame-shielding part. The test was conducted in accordance with the UL94 standard, using a UL-94V flammability tester manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., and 99.9% methane gas as the heat source for the igniter. The watertightness confirmation test was also conducted by applying a water pressure of 0.2 MPa (equivalent to a water depth of 20 m) for 10 minutes to the outer diameter of the connecting member 81 of 150 mm and the outer diameter of the pipe 13 of approximately 50 mm, and checking for the presence or absence of water leakage.

In Examples 1 to 5, the flame retardant was confirmed to be flame retardant with a UL94 standard V-0 rating. In addition, in Examples 1 to 5, no water leakage was observed for a specified period of time in a watertightness confirmation test. In order to confirm the effect of adding filler (clay mineral) 74, a flame retardant (Example 5) in which 20% by weight of kaolinite (manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name: RC-1, average particle size 0.4 μm) was added to the flame retardant (SE5006 sealant) in Example 1, and a flame retardant without the addition were cured to prepare sheets with a thickness of 2 mm, and the oxygen permeability was measured at 25°C in accordance with JIS K 6275-1 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determination of gas permeability - Part 1: Differential pressure method". The measurement results showed that the oxygen permeability of the flame retardant containing RC-1 was 85,000 ml/(m2·24 h·atm), while the flame retardant without RC-1 had an oxygen permeability of 680,000 ml/(m2·24 h·atm), confirming that the addition of clay minerals sufficiently suppresses oxygen permeability.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the flame retardant was not applied to the watertight portion, so the adhesion test of the flame retardant was not conducted. In addition, the flammability confirmation test confirmed that the watertight portion was not flame retardant, so the watertightness confirmation test was not conducted. In other words, since it was assumed that a tsunami would come after a fire, it was determined that if the watertight portion burned, it would be impossible to stop the tsunami. Comparative Example 2 is a seal structure that uses a rubber boot (thickness 2 mm, no fiber reinforcement) instead of the seal portion. In this seal structure, the flame retardant was not applied to the seal structure, so the adhesion test of the flame retardant was not conducted. In addition, since the rubber boot is non-flame retardant, the flammability test was not conducted. In addition, a watertightness test was conducted to confirm the difference in watertightness and water pressure resistance with the seal portions 70 and 70A of the sixth embodiment.

[Seventh embodiment]
12 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure of the seventh embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the seventh embodiment of the sealing structure, as shown in FIG. 12, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is positioned so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted therethrough.

In the seventh embodiment of the seal structure, a seal portion 14E is disposed in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The seal portion 14E has a watertight portion 21, a metal sheet 22, and a flame shielding portion 62. The watertight portion 21 also has a filling seal material 31, a breaker material 32, and an elastic member 33.

That is, in the sealing structure of the seventh embodiment, the filling seal material 31, the breaker material 32, the elastic member 33, and the flame shielding section 62 are arranged in this order from the inside of the building (the left side of FIG. 12).

Furthermore, the flame shielding portion 62 is similar to the flame shielding portion 73 (see FIG. 11 for both) including the fillers 74 as a plurality of deterioration prevention pieces described in the sixth embodiment. In other words, the flame shielding portion 62 may be the flame shielding portion 73 described in the sixth embodiment above.

[Eighth embodiment]
13 is a cross-sectional view showing a seal structure of the eighth embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the sealing structure of the eighth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a building as a structure has a wall portion 11 along the vertical direction, and the wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole 12 that penetrates along the horizontal direction. The through hole 12 is positioned so that a pipe 13 as a penetrating member can be inserted therethrough.

In the sealing structure of the eighth embodiment, a sealing portion 100 is disposed between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. The sealing portion 100 has a watertight portion 101 and a flame shielding portion 102.

A closure plate 111 is fixed to the wall portion 11 on the outside of the building (the right side in FIG. 13), which is one side in the penetration direction of the through hole 12. The closure plate 111 is fixed by welding, bolts, etc., with one flat portion 111a in close contact with the wall surface of the wall portion 11. A through hole 112 is formed in the center of the closure plate 111. The inner diameter of the through hole 112 is larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 13. Therefore, a gap is secured between the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13 and the through hole 112.

The watertight part 101 is arranged to connect the closure plate 111 and the pipe 13. The watertight part 101 is in close contact with the other flat surface part 111b of the closure plate 111 and is also in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13. Therefore, the gap between the pipe 13 and the through hole 112 is closed by the watertight part 101. As a result, the through hole 12 is closed by the closure plate 111 and the watertight part 101. Note that the watertight part 101 may be any of the watertight parts described in the above-mentioned embodiments.

The flame shielding section 102 is provided on the outside of the building from the watertight section 101. The flame shielding section 102 is fixed so as to be in close contact with the watertight section 101, with its outer periphery fixed to the flat section 111b of the closure plate 111 and its inner periphery fixed to the outer periphery 13a of the piping 13. As with the watertight section 101, the flame shielding section 102 may be any of the flame shielding sections described in the above-mentioned embodiments.

In the above embodiment, the construction method of the seal structure was described, but it can also be applied to a method of improving the seal structure. That is, for a seal structure in which a seal part having only the watertight part 21, 71, 101 is arranged between the wall part 11 and the pipe (penetrating member) 13, a flame-retardant fire shield part 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 is arranged on at least one side of the penetration direction of the through hole 12 in the watertight part 21, 71, 101. Then, a seal structure in which the above-mentioned seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 are arranged between the wall part 11 and the pipe 13 can be obtained.

[Effects of this embodiment]
The sealing structure of the first aspect is a sealing structure having a through hole 12 provided in a wall portion 11 of a structure, and having a sealing portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 that connects the wall portion 11 and a piping (penetrating member) 13 inserted into the through hole 12, and the sealing portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 includes a watertight portion 21, 71, 101 that is watertight, and a flame shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 that is flame retardant and is arranged on at least one side of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 in the penetrating direction of the through hole 12.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect, a flame-retardant fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 is disposed on one side of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and in the event of a fire caused by an earthquake or the like, the fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 prevents the fire from directly contacting the watertight portion 21, 71, 101. This prevents the fire from spreading to the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and maintains the watertight performance of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, so that the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 can function against a tsunami that strikes after an earthquake, for example, and suppresses water infiltration into the interior. In other words, by improving the fire resistance and flame retardancy of the seals 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, and 100, it is possible to prevent deterioration of watertightness after a fire.

In the seal structure according to the second aspect, the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 72, 73, 102 are arranged as separate members from the watertight parts 21, 71, 101. This allows the watertight parts 21, 71, 101 to maintain high watertightness, while the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 72, 73, 102 to maintain high flame retardant performance.

The seal structure according to the third aspect arranges metal sheets 22, 22a, 22b between the watertight portion 21 and the flame shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b. As a result, even if air (oxygen) from the outside passes through the flame shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, it is blocked by the metal sheets 22, 22a, 22b and does not reach the watertight portion 21. Even if the watertight portion 21 contains a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 21 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 21 can be maintained.

The sealing structure according to the fourth aspect is provided with a flame shielding portion 61 that is watertight and flame-retardant. This allows the sealing member to be constructed from a single member, simplifying the structure.

The seal structure according to the fifth aspect arranges the metal sheet 22 on the opposite side of the flame shielding portion 23 from the watertight portion 21. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the metal sheets 22, 22a, and 22b and does not reach the watertight portion 21. Even if the watertight portion 21 contains a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 21 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 21 can be maintained.

The seal structure according to the sixth aspect arranges a flame shielding member 24 between the metal sheet 22 and the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12, and arranges a flame shielding member 25 between the metal sheet 22 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the piping 13. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the flame shielding members 24, 25 and does not reach the watertight portion 21 between the metal sheet 22 and the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 or between the metal sheet 22 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the piping 13. Even if the watertight portion 21 contains a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 21 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 21 can be maintained.

In the sealing structure according to the seventh aspect, the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 62, 72, 73, and 102 have a flammability grade of UL94V-0 or higher according to the UL94 flammability standard. This allows the high flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, and 61 to maintain high flame retardant performance.

In the seal structure according to the eighth aspect, the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 62, 72, 73, and 102 are flexible. As a result, even if the relative positions of the through hole 12 and the piping 13 change due to an earthquake or the like, the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, and 61 follow the change in the relative positions of the through hole 12 and the piping 13, and damage to the flame shielding parts due to earthquake vibrations or peeling of the adhesive parts with the through hole 12 and the piping 13 can be suppressed. As a result, even if a fire breaks out after an earthquake, the watertight parts can be protected from flames.

In the sealing structure according to the ninth aspect, the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 62, 72, 73, and 102 contain a silicone-based compound. This ensures high flame retardancy for the flame shielding parts 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 62, 72, 73, and 102.

In the seal structure according to the tenth aspect, the metal sheets 22, 22a, and 22b contain one of stainless steel, titanium, and aluminum. This makes it possible to prevent air from entering the watertight portion 21 while suppressing increases in component costs.

In the seal structure according to the eleventh aspect, the members constituting the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E include two-sided adhesive members that are bonded to the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the pipe 13. As a result, if the relative positions of the wall part 11 and the pipe 13 change due to an earthquake or the like, the two-sided adhesive ensures watertightness and airtightness without being affected by the movement of other adjacent seal parts.

In the sealing structure according to the twelfth aspect, the outer peripheral surface 13a of the pipe 13 is subjected to a base treatment. This provides minute irregularities on the outer peripheral surface 13a, increasing the bonding area and improving the bonding performance.

In the seal structure according to the thirteenth aspect, breaker materials 32, 32a, and 32b that do not adhere to other adjacent seal portions are provided on the non-adhered surface of the two-sided adhesive member. This improves the adhesive performance of the members that make up the seal portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E.

In the seal structure according to the fourteenth aspect, the flame shielding portions 62, 73 include a plurality of fillers (deterioration prevention pieces) 74. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the fillers 74 and does not reach the watertight portion 71. Even if the watertight portion 71 contains a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 71 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 71 can be maintained.

In the seal structure according to the fifteenth aspect, the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E are filled in the space between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13. As a result, the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E seal between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13, improving the sealing performance.

In the seal structure according to the sixteenth aspect, the seal portion 70, 70A, 100 is cylindrical, with one axial end connected to the wall portion 11 and the other axial end connected to the pipe 13. As a result, even if the wall portion 11 or the pipe 13 vibrates due to an earthquake or the like, the wall portion 11 and the pipe 13 are connected by the cylindrical seal portion 70, 70A, 100, so that relative movement between the wall portion 11 and the pipe 13 is possible, which suppresses damage to the seal portion 70, 70A, 100 and suppresses deterioration of the sealing performance.

In the seal structure according to the seventeenth aspect, a cylindrical connecting member 81 is fixed to the wall portion 11 or the through hole 12, and one axial end of the seal portion 70, 70A, 100 is connected to the wall portion 11 via the connecting member 81. By using the connecting member 81, the workability of connecting the seal portion 70, 70A, 100 to the wall portion 11 can be improved.

In the seal structure according to the eighteenth aspect, the structure is provided within a nuclear power plant. Examples of structures provided within a nuclear power plant include a reactor building, a turbine building, and an auxiliary building. This makes it possible to suppress the spread of a fire in the nuclear power plant.

The sealing structure of the 19th aspect is a sealing structure having a through hole 12 provided in a wall portion 11 of a structure, and having sealing portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 that connect the wall portion 11 and a pipe (penetrating member) 13 inserted into the through hole 12, and the sealing portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 are disposed between the through hole 12 and the pipe 13 and are watertight and flame retardant. As a result, in the event of a fire caused by an earthquake or the like, the spread of fire to the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 is prevented and watertight performance is maintained, and for example, the watertightness of the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 functions against a tsunami that strikes after an earthquake, and water infiltration into the interior can be suppressed. In other words, by improving the fire resistance and flame retardancy of the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of watertight performance after a fire.

In the seal structure according to the twentieth aspect, the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E have two-sided adhesive parts that are firmly attached to the inner circumferential surface 12a of the through hole 12 and the outer circumferential surface 13a of the pipe 13. As a result, if the positional relationship between the wall part 11 and the pipe 13 changes due to an earthquake or the like, the two-sided adhesive ensures watertightness and airtightness without being affected by the movement of the seal parts 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E.

In the seal structure according to the 21st aspect, the adhesive strength on each surface is greater than the material strength of 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E. This ensures the watertightness and airtightness of the seal portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E.

The seal structure according to the 22nd aspect has a deterioration inhibitor in the area other than the two-sided adhesive portion. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the metal sheet 22 acting as the deterioration inhibitor, and even if the seal portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D contain a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the seal portions 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D can be suppressed, and high watertightness can be maintained.

In the sealing structure according to the 23rd aspect, the deterioration inhibitor is a metal sheet 22. This simplifies the structure and reduces high costs.

In the sealing structure according to the 24th aspect, the deterioration prevention agent is a filler 74 as a plurality of deterioration prevention pieces. This simplifies the structure and reduces high costs.

The construction method of the seal structure according to the 25th aspect is a construction method of a seal structure in which a through hole 12 is provided in the wall portion 11 of a structure, and a seal portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 is constructed to connect the wall portion 11 and a pipe (penetrating member) 13 inserted into the through hole 12, and includes a process of arranging a watertight portion 21, 71, 101 having watertightness as the seal portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100, and a process of arranging a flame-retardant fire shield portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 on at least one side of the penetration direction of the through hole 12 in the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 as the seal portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100.

In the construction method of the seal structure according to the 25th aspect, a flame-retardant fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 is disposed on one side of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and in the event of a fire caused by an earthquake or the like, the fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 prevents the flame from directly contacting the watertight portion 21, 71, 101. This prevents the fire from spreading to the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and maintains the watertight performance of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, so that the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 can function against a tsunami that strikes after an earthquake, for example, and suppresses water infiltration into the interior. In other words, by improving the fire resistance and flame retardancy of the seals 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, and 100, it is possible to prevent deterioration of watertightness after a fire.

The construction method of the seal structure according to the 26th aspect is to place the metal sheets 22, 22a, 22b between the watertight portion 21 and the fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, or on one side of the fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61 in the penetration direction of the through hole 12. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the metal sheets 22, 22a, 22b and does not reach the watertight portion 21, and even if the watertight portion 21 contains a polymer material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 21 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 21 can be maintained.

In the construction method of the sealing structure according to the 27th aspect, the flame shielding portion 73 includes a plurality of fillers 74 as deterioration prevention pieces. As a result, air (oxygen) from the outside is blocked by the fillers 74 and does not reach the watertight portion 71. Even if the watertight portion 71 contains a polymeric material, oxidation deterioration of the watertight portion 71 can be suppressed, and the high watertight performance of the watertight portion 71 can be maintained.

The method for improving a seal structure according to the 28th aspect is a method for improving a seal structure in which a through hole 12 is provided in a wall portion 11 of a structure, and a seal portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 that connects the wall portion 11 and a pipe (penetrating member) 13 inserted into the through hole 12 is improved, and includes a step of arranging a flame-retardant fire shield portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 on at least one side of the penetration direction of the through hole 12 in the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 that constitutes the seal portion 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100.

In the construction method of the seal structure according to the 28th aspect, a flame-retardant fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 is disposed on one side of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and in the event of a fire caused by an earthquake or the like, the fire shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 prevents the flame from directly contacting the watertight portion 21, 71, 101. This prevents the fire from spreading to the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, and maintains the watertight performance of the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, so that the watertight portion 21, 71, 101 functions against a tsunami that strikes after an earthquake, for example, and can suppress water infiltration into the interior. In other words, by improving the fire resistance and flame retardancy of the seals 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, and 100, it is possible to prevent deterioration of watertightness after a fire.

In the above-described embodiment, the flame shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 72, 73, 102 is disposed on one side or both sides of the penetration direction of the through hole 12 in the watertight portion 21, 71, 101. However, in all embodiments, the flame shielding portion may be provided only on one side of the penetration direction of the through hole 12 in the watertight portion 21, 71, 101, only on the other side, or on both sides.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the through hole 12 has a circular cross-sectional shape, and the piping 13 has a cylindrical shape, but this shape is not limited to this. For example, the shape of the through hole 12 and the piping 13 may be an ellipse or a polygon. In addition, the penetrating member of the present invention is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a columnar shape.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the filling seal material 31, 31a, 31b, the breaker material 32, 32a, 32b, the elastic member 33, 33a, 33b, the flame shielding portion 23, 23a, 23b, 61, and the metal sheet 22, 22a, 22b are each described as being disk-shaped, but the shape of each member is not limited to being disk-shaped and can be changed as appropriate to match the shape of the through hole 12 and the pipe (through member) 13.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the watertight portion 21 is composed of the filling seal material 31, 31a, 31b, the breaker material 32, 32a, 32b, and the elastic member 33, 33a, 33b, but is not limited to this configuration. For example, the watertight portion 21 may be composed of only the filling seal material 31, 31a, 31b.

11 wall portion 12 through hole 12a inner peripheral surface 13 pipe (through member)
13a Outer circumferential surface 14, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 70, 70A, 100 Sealing portion 21, 71, 101 Watertight portion 22, 22a, 22b Metal sheet 23, 23a, 23b, 61, 62, 72, 73, 102 Flame shielding portion 24, 25 Flame shielding member 31, 31a, 31b Filling seal material 32, 32a, 32b Breaker material 33, 33a, 33b Elastic member 74 Filler 81 Connecting member 81a Outer circumferential surface 82, 88 Pressing metal fitting 85, 91 Bolt 86, 92 Nut 111 Closing plate 112 Through hole

Claims (6)

A seal structure having a through hole provided in a wall portion of a structure and a seal portion connecting the wall portion and a penetrating member inserted into the through hole,
The sealing portion is
A watertight portion having a cylindrical shape and watertightness;
A flame-shielding portion having a cylindrical shape and disposed on the outermost peripheral surface side of the watertight portion and having flame retardancy;
Equipped with
The seal portion has one axial end connected to the wall portion and the other axial end connected to the penetrating member. The seal structure according to claim 1, in which a cylindrical connecting member is fixed to the wall portion or the through hole, and one axial end of the seal portion is connected to the wall portion via the connecting member. The seal structure according to claim 2, wherein one axial end of the seal portion is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the end of the connecting member that protrudes from the through hole. The seal structure according to claim 1, wherein the other axial end of the seal portion is connected to the penetrating member via an adjustment ring. The seal structure according to claim 1, in which the flame shielding portion is disposed as a separate member from the watertight portion. The seal structure according to claim 1 , wherein the structure is provided in a nuclear power plant.

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