JP7461833B2 - Calorimeter - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a calorimeter.

A known calorimeter used to measure the calorific value of fuel gas is one in which a thermocouple and a catalyst are provided in a fuel gas passage, and the amount of heat generated by catalytic combustion of the fuel gas passing through the passage is measured by the thermocouple (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the calorimeter described in Patent Document 1, a catalyst chamber in a glass tube is filled with powdered palladium and alumina with a particle size of 300 angstroms as catalysts, and the upstream and downstream sides of this catalyst chamber are filled with glass wool.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-44855

In the calorimeter described in Patent Document 1, it is considered undesirable to pack the powdered catalyst and glass wool tightly inside the glass tube from the viewpoint of the fluid resistance of the fuel gas passing through the glass tube. Here, if the powdered catalyst and glass wool are not packed tightly inside the glass tube, a space with little or no catalyst will be created in the catalyst chamber inside the glass tube. If the temperature measurement junction of the thermocouple is located in this space with little or no catalyst, the combustion reaction of the fuel gas will be less likely to occur around the temperature measurement junction, the temperature rise measured by the thermocouple will be smaller, and the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas calculated from the temperature rise will be smaller. This reduces the measurement resolution and measurement accuracy of the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas.

The present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a calorimeter that can improve the accuracy of fuel gas calorific value measurement.

The calorimeter of the present invention comprises a pipe material through which fuel gas to be measured flows, a temperature sensor inserted into the pipe material and having a temperature measuring junction, a first stopper member provided inside the pipe material downstream of the temperature measuring junction and through which the fuel gas passes, a granular catalyst filled inside the pipe material so as to cover the temperature measuring junction and be blocked by the first stopper member, a heating section for heating the catalyst , and a fixing section fixed to the pipe material , wherein the temperature sensor is fixed to the fixing section and inserted into the inside of the pipe material from the fixing section and penetrates the first stopper member, the first stopper member being fixed to a coating material of the temperature sensor, the first stopper member being a plate material, a hole through which the coating material is inserted is formed in the center of the plate material, and a plurality of air holes having a diameter smaller than the particle size of the catalyst are formed all around the center of the plate material .

In the calorimeter according to the present invention, the particle size of the catalyst may be 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less.

The calorimeter according to the present invention may also include a second stopper member that is provided inside the pipe material so as to sandwich the catalyst together with the first stopper member and through which the fuel gas passes.

In the calorimeter according to the present invention, the tube may be arranged vertically.

According to the calorimeter of the present invention, a granular catalyst is present around the temperature measurement junction of the thermocouple, so a combustion reaction of the fuel gas occurs around the temperature measurement junction, and the temperature rise measured by the thermocouple increases, so the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas calculated from the temperature rise increases. This improves the resolution and measurement accuracy of the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a measurement system including a calorimeter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the calorimeter shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the combustion function portion of the calorimeter shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the first stopper member of the combustion function portion shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph and a table showing the results of an experiment to confirm the combustion characteristics of the examples. FIG. 6 is a graph and a table showing the results of an experiment to confirm the combustion characteristics of the comparative example. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing the catalyst chamber of the embodiment and the catalyst chamber of the comparative example. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a combustion function portion of a calorimeter according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention will be described below in accordance with a preferred embodiment. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described below, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, in the embodiment described below, some configurations are omitted from illustration and description, but it goes without saying that publicly known or well-known technologies are used as appropriate for the details of the omitted technologies, within the scope of not causing any contradiction with the contents described below.

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a measurement system 1 including a calorimeter 20 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the measurement system 1 includes a gas mixing device 10 and a calorimeter 20. The gas mixing device 10 mixes a combustible gas with air and supplies the mixed gas as a fuel gas to the calorimeter 20. The calorimeter 20 combusts the fuel gas supplied from the gas mixing device 10 to measure the calorific value.

The gas mixing device 10 includes a first pipe 11, a second pipe 12, a third pipe 13, a first flow meter 14a, a second flow meter 14b, a first valve 15a, a second valve 15b, a mixer 16, a first regulator R1, and a second regulator R2.

The first pipe 11 connects the first regulator R1 and the mixer 16, and guides the combustible gas supplied through the first regulator R1 to the mixer 16. The first flowmeter 14a is provided in the first pipe 11 and measures the flow rate of the combustible gas flowing through the first pipe 11. The first valve 15a is provided downstream of the first flowmeter 14a in the first pipe 11, and is a flow rate adjustment valve such as a needle valve that adjusts the flow rate of the combustible gas supplied to the mixer 16.

The second pipe 12 connects the second regulator R2 and the mixer 16, and guides the air supplied through the second regulator R2 to the mixer 16. The second flow meter 14b is provided in the second pipe 12 and measures the flow rate of the air flowing through the second pipe 12. The second valve 15b is provided downstream of the second flow meter 14b in the second pipe 12, and is a flow rate adjustment valve such as a needle valve that adjusts the flow rate of the air supplied to the mixer 16.

The mixer 16 mixes the combustible gas supplied from the first pipe 11 with the air supplied from the second pipe 12. The mixer 16 is connected to the third pipe 13. The third pipe 13 supplies the mixed gas mixed in the mixer 16 to the calorimeter 20 as fuel gas.

The calorimeter 20 includes a combustion function unit 21, a constant voltage source (voltage source) 22, a data logger 23, and a calculation device 24. Fuel gas is supplied to the combustion function unit 21 from the third pipe 13. The constant voltage source 22 supplies power to the combustion function unit 21. The combustion function unit 21 is driven by the power supplied from the constant voltage source 22, and combusts the fuel gas supplied from the third pipe 13.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the calorimeter 20 shown in Figure 1. As shown in this figure, the combustion function section 21 includes a tube material 211, a sheathed thermocouple 212, a heater 213, a catalyst 214, a first stopper member 215, and a second stopper member 216. The tube material 211 is a tube material having heat resistance against the temperature during combustion of the fuel gas and low heat conductivity that suppresses heat radiation of the fuel gas to the outside of the tube material 211 during combustion. The tube material 211 in this embodiment is a cylindrical ceramic tube with an inner diameter of 4 mm. The inner diameter of the tube material 211 is preferably 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

The pipe 211 is arranged vertically, and the third pipe 13 is connected to the upper end of the pipe 211. An exhaust hole 211a is formed near the lower end of the pipe 211.

The sheathed thermocouple 212 includes a thermocouple wire 212a, a sheath 212b, a sleeve 212c, an adapter 212d, and a cable 212e, and uses the Seebeck effect to measure temperature. The thermocouple wire 212a has a temperature measuring junction P at one end (upper end). The sheath 212b is a hard, thin tube that maintains a highly linear shape, and covers the thermocouple wire 212a. The sheath 212b in this embodiment is a metal tube with an outer diameter of 0.5 mm. The sheath 212b is filled with an insulating material. The sheathed thermocouple 212 in this embodiment is a non-grounded type. The sheathed thermocouple 212 may be changed to a grounded type or an exposed type.

The sleeve 212c is a hard, thin tube that maintains a highly linear shape and covers the other end of the thermocouple wire 212a. One end of the sleeve 212c and the other end of the sheath 212b are joined by silver brazing or the like. The sleeve 212c in this embodiment has an outer diameter of 6 mm and is made of metal.

The adapter 212d includes a cylindrical pipe mounting portion 212z and a nut-shaped protruding portion 212y. The pipe mounting portion 212z and the protruding portion 212y are integrally formed and arranged coaxially. The protruding portion 212y is a portion that protrudes radially outward from the outer surface of the pipe mounting portion 212z. A sleeve 212c is inserted between the pipe mounting portion 212z and the protruding portion 212y. The pipe mounting portion 212z is inserted into the pipe 211 from the lower end of the pipe 211. The protruding portion 212y and the sleeve 212c are joined by welding or the like. The protruding portion 212y and the lower end of the pipe 211 are joined by adhesive or the like. It is not essential that the protruding portion 212y is nut-shaped. In addition, it is not essential to join the adapter 212d to the lower end of the pipe 211 by bonding the overhanging portion 212y to the lower end of the pipe 211, and the adapter 212d to the lower end of the pipe 211 may be joined by screwing the pipe attachment portion 212z to the lower end of the pipe 211 together.

The lower end of the pipe 211 is closed by the adapter 212d. On the other hand, the exhaust hole 211a formed in the pipe 211 is disposed above the upper end of the pipe mounting portion 212z. As a result, the fuel gas that flows downward inside the pipe 211 flows out of the pipe 211 through the exhaust hole 211a.

Cable 212e is a flexible compensation conductor, and one end of this cable 212e is connected to the other end (lower end) of thermocouple wire 212a. A crimp terminal (not shown) is attached to the other end of this cable 212e, and this crimp terminal is attached to data logger 23. A part of cable 212e is inserted into sleeve 212c.

The heater 213 is a coil-type heater through which the tubular material 211 is inserted. The coil portion 213a of the heater 213 is wound around an area that includes at least the catalyst chamber 211b of the tubular material 211. The coil portion 213a is connected to the constant voltage source 22 via the lead portion 213b, and generates heat when a voltage is applied from the constant voltage source 22.

Catalyst 214 is a granular catalyst filled in catalyst chamber 211b. The particle size of catalyst 214 is several tens to several hundreds times larger than the particle size of powder. From the viewpoint that it is difficult to size the catalyst 214 by sieving it to less than 100 μm, and if it is larger than 1000 μm, it becomes close to the inner diameter of pipe material 211 and contact with fuel gas becomes poor, it is preferable that the particle size of catalyst 214 is 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, and more preferably 355 μm or more and 710 μm or less. In addition, catalyst 214 is, for example, palladium, platinum, etc. supported by metal or metal oxide. The mass of catalyst 214 filled in catalyst chamber 211b is preferably 0.1 g or more and 0.5 g or less. Here, the mass of the catalyst 214 in this embodiment is 0.12 g, and as described below, the distance from the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b to the temperature measurement contact point P is approximately 1 mm, and the distance from the lower end to the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b is approximately 5 mm. In contrast, if the mass of the catalyst 214 filled in the catalyst chamber 211b is 0.1 g, the distance from the lower end of the catalyst chamber 211b to the upper end of the catalyst 214 is 4.17 (= (0.1/0.12) × 5) mm. In this case, the temperature measurement contact point P is not exposed from the catalyst 214.

The first stopper member 215 is disposed below the catalyst chamber 211b. This first stopper member 215 is a plate made of metal such as stainless steel that fits onto the inner circumferential surface of the pipe material 211. In this embodiment, the first stopper member 215 is a circular plate. The thickness of the first stopper member 215 in this embodiment is approximately 1 mm.

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the combustion function section 21 of the calorimeter 20 shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a plan view showing the first stopper member 215 of the combustion function section 21 shown in Figure 3. As shown in these figures, a plurality of ventilation holes 215a are formed in the first stopper member 215. The diameter of the ventilation holes 215a is smaller than the particle size (average value) of the catalyst 214. As a result, the fuel gas passes through the ventilation holes 215a, but the catalyst 214 does not pass through the ventilation holes 215a and accumulates on the first stopper member 215. The diameter of the ventilation holes 215a in this embodiment is 0.3 mm.

The ventilation holes 215a are densely formed all over the first stopper member 215 except for the center. In contrast, a hole 215b with a larger diameter than the ventilation holes 215a is formed in the center of the first stopper member 215. The sheath 212b is inserted into this hole 215b. The center of the first stopper member 215 and the sheath 212b are bonded together with an adhesive such as a ceramic adhesive. The adhesive fills the gap between the hole 215b and the sheath 212b.

3, the second stopper member 216 is disposed above the catalyst chamber 211b. The second stopper member 216 is a plate made of metal such as stainless steel that is fitted to the inner circumferential surface of the pipe material 211. The second stopper member 216 of this embodiment is a disk. Here, a plurality of vent holes 216a are densely formed throughout the second stopper member 216. The diameter of the vent holes 216a is smaller than the particle size (average value) of the catalyst 214. As a result, the fuel gas passes through the vent holes 216a of the second stopper member 216, but the catalyst 214 does not pass through the vent holes 216a of the second stopper member 216 and remains below the second stopper member 216. The diameter of the vent holes 216a of the second stopper member 216 of this embodiment is 0.3 mm. The thickness of the second stopper member 216 of this embodiment is about 1 mm. As long as the catalyst 214 is prevented from shaking or scattering due to vibration, and such conditions are met, it is possible to change the configuration of the second stopper member 216 or to not install the second stopper member 216. For example, from the perspective of reducing flow path resistance, it is possible to make the diameter of the vent hole 216a of the second stopper member 216 larger than the particle size of the catalyst 214, to make the second stopper member 216 a mesh member, or to make the thickness of the second stopper member 216 smaller than the above-mentioned approximately 1 mm.

Here, the temperature measurement contact P at the tip of the thermocouple wire 212a is disposed in the catalyst chamber 211b. The position of the temperature measurement contact P is preferably the radial center of the catalyst chamber 211b. In addition, it is preferable that the distance from the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b (the lower surface of the second stopper member 216) to the temperature measurement contact P is greater than the maximum particle size of the catalyst 214. In this embodiment, the distance from the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b to the temperature measurement contact P is set to approximately 1 mm.

When the coil portion 213a generates heat by applying a voltage from the constant voltage source 22, the catalyst 214 is heated to a predetermined temperature. The data logger 23 records the signal output from the sheathed thermocouple 212, i.e., the temperature around the temperature measuring junction P.

The calculation device 24 calculates the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas supplied to the combustion function unit 21 based on the contents recorded by the data logger 23. When calculating the amount of heat generated, the measurement values of the first flow meter 14a and the second flow meter 14b are also input to the calculation device 24. For example, a PC (Personal Computer) can be used as the calculation device 24.

Now, the method of manufacturing the combustion function section 21 will be described. First, the first stopper member 215 is bonded to the sheath 212b. Next, the sheathed thermocouple 212 is inserted into the tube material 211 together with the first stopper member 215. Next, the adapter 212d of the sheathed thermocouple 212 is bonded to the lower end of the tube material 211. Next, the catalyst 214 is filled on top of the first stopper member 215 from the upper end of the tube material 211. Next, a rod (not shown) is inserted from the upper end of the tube material 211, and the upper layer of catalyst 214 in the catalyst chamber 211b is flattened with this rod. After that, the second stopper member 216 is inserted from the upper end of the tube material 211.

As shown in FIG. 2, the protective container 29 is an insulated housing whose vertical dimension is larger than its horizontal dimension, and contains the entire pipe material 211 except for the upper end side, as well as the catalyst 214 and other components housed in the pipe material 211. The protective container 29 prevents the measured temperature of the sheathed thermocouple 212 from fluctuating due to the influence of wind, for example.

The top plate 29a of the protective container 29 has an opening through which the tube material 211 is inserted. On the other hand, the bottom plate 29b of the protective container 29 has an opening through which the sleeve 212c is inserted. The side plate 29c of the protective container 29 has a groove through which the lead portion 213b is inserted. The bottom plate 29b of the protective container 29 supports the protruding portion 212y of the sheathed thermocouple 212, thereby supporting the combustion function portion 21. Note that the side plate 29c may support the lead portion 213b, thereby supporting the combustion function portion 21 on the protective container 29.

An opening 29f is formed in the back plate 29d of the protective container 29, and a metal mesh member 29g is provided in this opening 29f. That is, the back plate 29d has a number of openings partitioned into a mesh pattern. As a result, exhaust gas generated in the catalyst chamber 211b by the combustion of the fuel gas is discharged from inside the pipe material 211 through the exhaust hole 211a to the protective container 29, and is discharged outside the protective container 29 through the many openings in the back plate 29d.

In the calorimeter 20 configured as described above, the calculation device 24 calculates the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas based on the temperature measured by the sheathed thermocouple 212 and recorded in the data logger 23. The calculation device 24 stores correlation data that indicates the correlation between the temperature change in the catalyst 214 and the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas, and the calculation device 24 uses this correlation data to calculate the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas.

Specifically, a control device (not shown) controls the first valve 15a, the second valve 15b, and the mixer 16 to flow the combustible gas into the first pipe 11 and the air into the second pipe 12, and the combustible gas and the air are mixed in the mixer 16. This generates fuel gas containing a predetermined concentration of combustible gas. This fuel gas is supplied to the calorimeter 20 through the third pipe 13. At this time, the first flowmeter 14a measures the flow rate of the combustible gas flowing through the first pipe 11 and outputs the measurement information to the calculation device 24, and the second flowmeter 14b measures the flow rate of the air flowing through the second pipe 12 and outputs the measurement information to the calculation device 24.

The constant voltage source 22 applies a voltage to the heater 213, and the temperature of the catalyst 214 becomes, for example, about 250 to 400°C. In this state, the temperature around the temperature measurement contact point P rises due to heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas. The sheathed thermocouple 212 transmits a signal corresponding to the temperature around the temperature measurement contact point P to the data logger 23, which stores this signal.

The calculation device 24 calculates the amount of heat generated during combustion of the fuel gas from the correlation data stored in advance, the temperature measurement information of the sheathed thermocouple 212 stored by the data logger 23, and the flow rate information of the first flow meter 14a and the second flow meter 14b.

Below, an experiment conducted to confirm the combustion characteristics of the combustion function unit 21 according to this embodiment will be described. In this experiment, the combustion characteristics of an example using a granular catalyst 214 and the combustion characteristics of a comparative example using a porous body coated with a catalyst were confirmed. In this experiment, the heating temperature of the catalyst was increased from 200°C to 360°C, and the change in the difference ΔT (°C) between the temperature measured during combustion by the sheathed thermocouple 212 and the heating temperature of the catalyst before combustion (hereinafter simply referred to as ΔT (°C)) was confirmed. In this experiment, fuel gas with a methane concentration of 3.0% was used.

The specifications of the embodiment are as follows. First, the particle size of the granular catalyst 214 is 355 μm or more and 710 μm or less, and the mass of the catalyst 214 is 0.1181 g. The inner diameter of the tube material 211 is 4.0 mm, and the distance from the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b to the temperature measurement contact point P is 1.0 mm. The material of the tube material 211 is ceramic.

The specifications of the comparative example are as follows. First, the metal porous body is a structure having many continuous pores inside, and is made of stainless steel. The catalyst is applied to the metal porous body by dip coating. The mass of the catalyst is 0.0515 g. The inner diameter of the tube material 211 is 4.0 mm, and the distance from the upper end of the catalyst chamber 211b to the temperature measuring junction P is 1.0 mm. The material of the tube material 211 is ceramic.

Figure 5 is a graph and table showing the results of an experiment to confirm the combustion characteristics of the embodiment. As shown in this graph and table, when the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 200°C to 260°C, the increase in ΔT (°C) is slight (ΔT (°C) is 2.5°C when the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 260.1°C), whereas when the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 280°C or higher, ΔT (°C) exceeds 210°C. When the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 330°C, ΔT (°C) is about 214°C. When the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 280°C or higher, ΔT (°C) is stable in the range of 210°C or higher. From the results of this experiment, it can be confirmed that when the heating temperature of the catalyst 214 is 280°C or higher, the heat generation amount due to the reaction between the fuel gas and the catalyst 214 appears significantly in the measurement value of the sheathed thermocouple 212, and the measured value of the heat generation amount is stable near the reaction start temperature.

Figure 6 is a graph and table showing the results of an experiment to confirm the combustion characteristics of the comparative example. As shown in this graph and table, when the catalyst heating temperature is between 0 and 270°C, the increase in ΔT (°C) is slight (ΔT (°C) is 4.1°C when the catalyst heating temperature is 269.2°C), whereas when the catalyst heating temperature is 300°C or higher, ΔT (°C) exceeds 120°C. When the catalyst heating temperature is 330°C, ΔT (°C) is approximately 145°C. From these experimental results, it can be confirmed that when the catalyst heating temperature is 280°C or higher, the amount of heat generated by the combustion reaction of the fuel gas is significantly reflected in the thermocouple measurements.

When comparing the Example and Comparative Example under the condition that the catalyst heating temperature is 330°C, ΔT (°C) of the Example is 214°C, while ΔT (°C) of the Comparative Example is 145°C, and it can be confirmed that the Example significantly exceeds the Comparative Example. Here, the larger ΔT (°C) is, the higher the resolution of the temperature measurement by the sheathed thermocouple 212 becomes, and the accuracy of the temperature measurement by the sheathed thermocouple 212 improves. Also, while ΔT (°C) of the Example is stable near the reaction start temperature (280°C), ΔT (°C) of the Comparative Example is stable at a temperature (320-330°C) away from the reaction start temperature (280°C), it can be confirmed that the Example has a faster response than the Comparative Example.

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the catalyst chamber 211b of the embodiment and the catalyst chamber of the comparative example. As shown in this figure, when comparing the catalyst chamber 211b of the embodiment and the catalyst chamber of the comparative example, the size of the gap between the catalyst 214 of the embodiment is smaller than the size of the cavity H of the porous body of the comparative example. Here, in the catalyst chamber of the comparative example, it is assumed that the cavity H is located around the temperature measurement contact point P, in which case there is no catalyst around the temperature measurement contact point P, and the measured temperature value may be low. In contrast, in the catalyst chamber 211b of the embodiment, the catalyst 214 is present around the temperature measurement contact point P, so the measured temperature value is higher than in the comparative example.

As described above, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the granular catalyst 214 is filled in the catalyst chamber 211b in the pipe material 211 so as to cover the temperature measuring contact P at the tip of the thermocouple wire 212a, and is blocked by the first stopper member 215. Here, when using a powdered catalyst having a smaller particle size than granules, the catalyst cannot be densely packed in the catalyst chamber 211b from the viewpoint of the fluid resistance of the fuel gas. In contrast, according to the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, even if the catalyst 214 is densely packed in the catalyst chamber 211b, it is possible to ensure an air passage between the catalysts 214, and the fluid resistance of the fuel gas can be suppressed. On the other hand, when a structure in which a catalyst is supported on a porous body is used, the fluid resistance of the fuel gas is suppressed, but large cavities H exist in various places in the structure. In contrast, according to the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the catalyst 214 can be densely packed in the catalyst chamber 211b, so that large cavities are not formed between the catalysts 214.

As a result, according to the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the flow resistance of the fuel gas can be suppressed, and the catalyst 214 can be present without creating a large cavity around the temperature measurement contact P of the thermocouple wire 212a, and the reaction between the fuel gas and the catalyst 214 around the temperature measurement contact P can be promoted. Therefore, the amount of heat generated when the fuel gas is burned around the temperature measurement contact P can be increased, the resolution of the temperature measurement by the sheathed thermocouple 212 can be improved, and the measurement accuracy of the amount of heat generated when the fuel gas is burned by the calorimeter 20 can be improved.

In addition, according to the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the sheath 212b of the sheathed thermocouple 212 is fixed to the adapter 212d, and this adapter 212d is fixed to the lower end of the pipe material 211, thereby positioning the temperature measurement junction P of the thermocouple wire 212a relative to the pipe material 211. Furthermore, the first stopper member 215 is fixed to the sheath 212b, thereby positioning the first stopper member 215 relative to the temperature measurement junction P. Therefore, the temperature measurement junction P can be positioned at a desired position within the catalyst chamber 211b.

In addition, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, an exhaust hole 211a is formed between the adapter 212d in the pipe material 211 and the first stopper member 215. This allows the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel gas in the combustion function section 21 to be discharged outside the pipe material 211 after the relative positioning of the temperature measurement junction P of the thermocouple wire 212a and the pipe material 211 is performed.

In addition, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, a hole 215b through which the sheath 212b is inserted is formed in the center of the first stopper member 215, which is a plate material, and multiple air holes 215a are densely formed around the entire area around the center of the first stopper member 215. This makes it possible to reduce the flow resistance of the fuel gas compared to when the first stopper member 215 is made of a porous material.

In addition, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the particle size of the granular catalyst 214 is 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. That is, the particle size of the catalyst 214 of this embodiment is significantly larger than that of a powdered catalyst. Therefore, even if the catalyst 214 is densely packed in the catalyst chamber 211b, the flow resistance of the fuel gas can be reduced compared to when a powdered catalyst is used.

In addition, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the first stopper member 215 and the second stopper member 216 are provided inside the pipe material 211 so as to sandwich the granular catalyst 214. This prevents the granular catalyst 214 from scattering not only downstream but also upstream of the fuel gas.

In addition, in the calorimeter 20 of this embodiment, the tube 211 and the sheathed thermocouple 212 are arranged vertically. Therefore, the work of filling the tube 211 with the granular catalyst 214 can be performed by the simple work of pouring it into the tube 211 from the upper end of the tube 211.

Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the combustion function unit 321 of a calorimeter according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the combustion function unit 321 of this embodiment includes a first stopper member 315 and a second stopper member 316 instead of the first stopper member 215 and the second stopper member 216 of the combustion function unit 21 of the above-mentioned embodiment.

The first stopper member 315 and the second stopper member 316 are porous metal bodies. This porous metal body is a structure having many continuous pores inside, and in this embodiment is made of, for example, stainless steel. It is desirable that the pore diameter of the first stopper member 315 and the second stopper member 316 is smaller than the particle diameter of the catalyst 214.

The present invention has been described above based on the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and publicly known or well-known technologies may be appropriately combined.

For example, in the above embodiment, the pipe material 211 is oriented vertically, but the pipe material 211 may be oriented horizontally. Also, in the above embodiment, the sheathed thermocouple 212 is inserted into the pipe material 211 from the downstream end of the pipe material 211, but the thermocouple wire 212a may be inserted into the pipe material 211 from the upstream end or the middle part of the pipe material 211.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a thermocouple is used as the temperature sensor, but other temperature sensors such as a resistance temperature sensor may also be used.

20 Calorimeter 211 Pipe material 211a Exhaust hole 212 Sheathed thermocouple (temperature measuring element)
212b sheath (covering material)
212d Adapter (fixed part)
213 Heater (heating unit)
214 Catalyst 215 First stopper member 215a Vent 215b Hole 216 Second stopper member 315 First stopper member 316 Second stopper member P Temperature measuring contact point

Claims (4)

A pipe material into which the fuel gas to be measured flows;
A temperature sensor having a temperature measuring junction inserted into the pipe material;
a first stopper member provided inside the pipe material downstream of the temperature measuring junction, through which the fuel gas passes;
a granular catalyst filled inside the pipe material so as to be blocked by the first stopper member and cover the temperature measuring junction;
A heating unit that heats the catalyst ;
A fixing portion fixed to the pipe material;
Equipped with
The temperature sensor is fixed to the fixing portion, and is inserted from the fixing portion into the inside of the pipe material and penetrates the first stopper member.
The first stopper member is fixed to a coating material of the temperature measuring element,
The first stopper member is a plate material, a hole through which the coating material is inserted is formed in the center of the plate material, and a plurality of air holes having a diameter smaller than the particle size of the catalyst are formed around the entire area around the center of the plate material . 2. The calorimeter according to claim 1 , wherein the particle size of the catalyst is 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. 3. The calorimeter according to claim 1, further comprising a second stopper member provided inside the tube so as to sandwich the catalyst together with the first stopper member, and through which the fuel gas passes. 4. A calorimeter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the tubes are arranged vertically.

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