JP7459216B1 - Radio wave emitter and antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a radio wave radiator and a horn antenna device capable of rotating beam scanning with a simple configuration. [Solution] In an antenna device including a radio wave radiator and a housing horn portion that houses the radio wave radiator, the radio wave radiator (100) includes a first waveguide (112) in which a first oscillator that generates a vertically polarized radio wave is disposed, a second waveguide (114) in which a second oscillator that generates a horizontally polarized radio wave is disposed, a third waveguide (116) in which a third oscillator that generates a vertically polarized radio wave is disposed, a fourth waveguide (118) in which a fourth oscillator that generates a horizontally polarized radio wave is disposed, and a blocking body (120) that blocks a radio wave radiated from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide. The first and third waveguides are disposed along a first axis that is parallel to the polarization direction of the vertically polarized radio wave. The second and fourth waveguides are disposed along a second axis that is parallel to the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized radio wave. The blocking body protrudes from an area surrounded by the waveguides toward the propagation direction of the radio wave. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a radio wave radiator and an antenna device.

Patent Document 1 describes an antenna using microwaves, millimeter waves, and terahertz waves.
[Prior art documents]
[Patent document]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-198349

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a radio wave emitter is provided. The radio wave radiator may include a first waveguide in which a first oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is disposed. The radio wave radiator may include a second waveguide in which a second oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is disposed. The radio wave radiator may include a third waveguide in which a third oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is disposed. The radio wave radiator may include a fourth waveguide in which a fourth oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is disposed. The radio wave radiator includes a first waveguide that prevents the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide from passing through the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide. a blocking wall; and a second blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the second waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide. a wall, and a third blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the fourth waveguide. and a fourth blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the third waveguide. It may be provided with a blocking body having the following. The first waveguide and the third waveguide may be arranged along a first axis parallel to a polarization direction of vertically polarized radio waves. The second waveguide and the fourth waveguide may be arranged along a second axis parallel to a polarization direction of horizontally polarized radio waves. The blocking body projects from a region surrounded by the first waveguide, the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide toward the propagation direction of the radio wave. good.

The center of the open end of the first waveguide may be offset from the center of the first blocking wall by a predetermined offset distance along the second axis, and the center of the open end of the first waveguide may be offset by a predetermined offset distance along the second axis. The center of the open end may be offset by the offset distance along the first axis with respect to the center of the second blocking wall. The center of the open end of the third waveguide is offset from the center of the third blocking wall along the second axis, and the center of the open end of the first waveguide is offset. the center of the open end of the fourth waveguide may be offset along the first axis with respect to the center of the fourth blocking wall; , the center of the open end of the second waveguide may be offset by the offset distance in a direction opposite to the offset direction.

In any of the radio wave radiators, the length of the first blocking wall along the second axis may be shorter than the length of the open end of the first waveguide along the second axis; The length of the second blocking wall along the first axis may be shorter than the length of the open end of the second waveguide along the first axis, and the length of the second blocking wall may be shorter than the length of the open end of the second waveguide along the first axis. The length along the axis may be shorter than the length of the open end of the third waveguide along the second axis, and the length of the fourth blocking wall along the first axis may be shorter than the length of the open end of the third waveguide along the first axis. The length may be shorter than the length of the open end of the fourth waveguide along the first axis.

In any of the radio wave emitters described above, the blocking body may be a metal block having the first blocking wall, the second blocking wall, the third blocking wall, and the fourth blocking wall as its sides.

In any of the radio wave emitters, the first waveguide, the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide may be capable of emitting radio waves in a predetermined frequency band that includes 28 GHz.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, an antenna device is provided. The antenna device may include the radio wave emitter. The antenna device may include a radio wave adjustment unit that adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter.

The radio wave adjustment unit is configured such that the ratio of the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide to the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide is a predetermined ratio. At least one of the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide and the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide may be adjusted, or the second waveguide The radio waves radiated from the second waveguide such that the ratio of the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide to the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide becomes a predetermined ratio. and the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide.

In any of the above antenna devices, the radio wave adjusting section is configured to adjust the phase difference between the phase of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide. At least one of the phase of the radio wave radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the third waveguide may be adjusted so as to have a predetermined phase difference. or, such that the phase difference between the phase of the radio wave radiated from the second waveguide and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the fourth waveguide is a predetermined phase difference, At least one of the phase of the radio wave radiated from the second waveguide and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the fourth waveguide may be adjusted.

Any of the antenna devices may further include a horn portion that opens and widens toward the propagation direction of the radio waves.

Any of the above antenna devices includes a reflecting part that reflects the radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator and outputs them to the outside, and a reflecting part that changes the output direction of the radio waves to the outside by adjusting the reflecting part. The radio wave adjusting section may further include an output direction changing section, and the radio wave adjusting section may adjust the radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator in accordance with the adjustment of the reflecting section by the output direction changing section.

Note that the above summary of the invention does not list all of the necessary features of the present invention. Also, subcombinations of these features may also be inventions.

An example of a radio wave emitter 100 is schematically shown. An example of an antenna device 10 including a radio wave radiator 100 is schematically shown. The simulation results of the S-parameters of the radio wave radiator are illustrated. A simulation result of the S parameters of the radio wave radiator 100 is shown. A simulation result of a radiation pattern of radio waves emitted by a radio wave radiator is illustrated. The simulation results and measurement results of the gain characteristics of the radio wave radiator 100 will be illustrated. The simulation results and measurement results of the radiation pattern of radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100 will be illustrated. Another example of the antenna device 10 including the radio wave radiator 100 is schematically shown. An example of an output radio wave 45 outputted to the outside from the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 8 is shown. The output radio waves 45 outputted to the outside by the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 8 are illustrated. 2 illustrates an example of a functional configuration of the control device 50.

Research is being carried out on antennas that can scan the beam by mechanically rotating a reflector. The antenna being studied has a problem in that the polarization direction of the output radio waves changes as the reflector rotates. Therefore, there is a need for an antenna that can control the amplitude and phase of output radio waves in order to keep the polarization direction of the output radio waves constant, and that reduces mutual coupling and cross-polarization. In addition, in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, in which communication is exchanged between front and rear vehicles using a high SHF (Super High Frequency) band, a high-gain characteristic is used to compensate for propagation loss. , an antenna that can share polarization is required. From the above, there is a need for an antenna that is capable of polarization sharing and reduces mutual coupling and cross-polarization. The radio wave radiator 100 according to this embodiment has a structure in which a plurality of waveguide openings are sequentially arranged rotationally within one horn antenna, and a plurality of waveguide openings are sequentially arranged in order to control the amplitude and phase of the radiated radio waves. Has a port. Further, in the radio wave radiator 100, by arranging a metal wall between the ports, mutual coupling between the ports can be suppressed, and cross polarization can also be reduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. Furthermore, not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the solution of the invention.

FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a radio wave radiator 100. The radio wave emitter 100 includes a main body 102 and a blocker 120. The main body 102 has four waveguides 112 , 114 , 116 , and 118 .

The radio wave radiator 100 emits, for example, linearly polarized radio waves. In FIG. 1, the radio wave radiator 100 is illustrated so that the propagation direction of radio waves is in the positive direction of the Z-axis.

Linearly polarized radio waves include, for example, vertically polarized radio waves. Vertically polarized radio waves are radio waves in which the electric field oscillates in a direction perpendicular to the direction of radio wave propagation. Vertically polarized radio waves are, for example, radio waves in which the electric field oscillates in a direction perpendicular to the ground. In FIG. 1, the polarization direction of vertically polarized radio waves is parallel to the Y axis.

Linearly polarized radio waves include, for example, horizontally polarized radio waves. A horizontally polarized radio wave is a radio wave whose electric field oscillates in a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of the radio wave and the polarization direction of the vertically polarized radio wave. A horizontally polarized radio wave is, for example, a radio wave whose electric field oscillates in a direction horizontal to the ground. In FIG. 1, the polarization direction of horizontally polarized radio waves is parallel to the X-axis.

The main body 102 is made of metal, for example. The main body 102 is made of aluminum, for example. Body 102 may be formed of other metals such as copper or silver.

The waveguides 112, 114, 116, and 118 may be any waveguides as long as they can radiate linearly polarized waves. Waveguide 112, waveguide 114, waveguide 116, and waveguide 118 are, for example, rectangular waveguides. Waveguide 112, waveguide 114, waveguide 116, and waveguide 118 may be waveguides of any other shape.

The waveguide 112, the waveguide 114, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118 can emit radio waves in a predetermined frequency band, for example. The frequency band includes, for example, 28 GHz. The frequency band may also include any other specific frequencies. The frequency band may be determined depending on the use of the radio wave radiator 100.

For example, the frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 112 and the frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 116 may be the same. For example, the frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 114 and the frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 118 may be the same. For example, there is a frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 112, a frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 114, a frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 116, and a frequency band of radio waves that can be emitted by the waveguide 118. The possible frequency bands of radio waves may be the same.

For example, an oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is arranged in the waveguide 112 . Waveguide 112 may be an example of a first waveguide.

In the waveguide 114, for example, an oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is disposed. The waveguide 114 may be an example of a second waveguide.

For example, an oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is arranged in the waveguide 116 . Waveguide 116 may be an example of a third waveguide.

For example, an oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is arranged in the waveguide 118 . Waveguide 118 may be an example of a fourth waveguide.

The waveguides 112 and 116 are arranged, for example, along a first axis that is parallel to the polarization direction of vertically polarized radio waves. In FIG. 1, the waveguides 112 and 116 are arranged along the Y axis. The Y axis may be an example of the first axis.

The waveguides 114 and 118 are arranged, for example, along a second axis that is parallel to the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized radio wave. In FIG. 1, the waveguides 114 and 118 are arranged along the X-axis direction. The X-axis may be an example of the second axis.

The blocking body 120 prevents radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide. The blocking body 120 has, for example, multiple blocking walls that prevent radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide.

The blocking body 120 prevents the radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide, for example, by reflecting the radio waves emitted from one waveguide. The blocking body 120 may block the radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide by absorbing the radio waves emitted from one waveguide.

The blocking body 120 has, for example, a first blocking wall that blocks the radio waves radiated from the waveguide 112 from passing through the waveguide 114, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118. The blocking body 120 has, for example, a second blocking wall that blocks the radio waves radiated from the waveguide 114 from passing through the waveguide 112, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118. The blocking body 120 has, for example, a third blocking wall that blocks the radio waves radiated from the waveguide 116 from passing through the waveguide 112, the waveguide 114, and the waveguide 118. The blocking body 120 has, for example, a fourth blocking wall that blocks the radio waves radiated from the waveguide 118 from passing through the waveguide 112, the waveguide 114, and the waveguide 116. In FIG. 1, a blocking wall 126 that prevents radio waves emitted from the waveguide 116 from passing through the waveguides 112, 114, and 118, and a blocking wall 126 that prevents the radio waves emitted from the waveguide 116 from passing through the waveguides 112, 114, and 118, and The radio wave radiator 100 is shown so that two blocking walls, a blocking wall 128 that prevents the transmitted radio waves from passing through the waveguides 112, 114, and 116, are visible. There is.

For example, the blocking body 120 protrudes from a region surrounded by the waveguide 112, the waveguide 114, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118 toward the propagation direction of the radio wave. In FIG. 1, the blocking body 120 protrudes in the positive direction of the Z-axis.

The blocking body 120 may have any shape as long as it blocks radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through another waveguide. The blocking body 120 is, for example, a block having a first blocking wall, a second blocking wall, a third blocking wall, and a fourth blocking wall as its sides. The block is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped. The block is, for example, a cube. The blocking body 120 may be a hollow rectangular cylinder having a rectangular or square cross section with the first blocking wall, the second blocking wall, the third blocking wall, and the fourth blocking wall as its outer surfaces.

The blocking body 120 may be formed of four plates having a blocking wall on at least one side. When the blocking body 120 is formed of four plates having a blocking wall on at least one surface, the blocking body 120 has a rectangular cylinder shape with a blocking wall of each of the four plates as the outer surface and a rectangular or square cross section. Four plates may be arranged so that

The blocking body 120 may be formed of two plates having blocking walls on both the front and back surfaces. For example, it is assumed that the radio waves emitted from the waveguide 112 on the surface of one of the two plates pass through the waveguide 114, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118. The back surface prevents the radio waves emitted from the waveguide 116 from passing through the waveguides 112, 114, and 118, and the surface of the other of the two plates The radio waves radiated from the waveguide 114 pass through the waveguide 112, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118. 112, waveguide 114, and waveguide 116, respectively. When the blocking body 120 is formed of two plates having blocking walls on both sides, the two plates may be arranged so that the blocking body 120 has an L shape or a cross shape.

The blocking body 120 may be made of any material as long as it prevents the radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through other waveguides. The blocking body 120 is made of metal, for example. Blocker 120 is made of aluminum, for example. Blocker 120 may be made of other metals such as copper or silver. The blocking body 120 may be formed of a non-metal such as glass. In this case, a coating may be applied to the surface of the blocking body 120 to further prevent radio waves emitted from one waveguide from passing through other waveguides. FIG. 1 shows the radio wave radiator 100 in which the blocking body 120 is a metal block having a first blocking wall, a second blocking wall, a third blocking wall, and a fourth blocking wall as sides.

For example, the center of the open end of the waveguide 112 is offset from the center of the first blocking wall by a predetermined offset distance along the X-axis. In FIG. 1, the center of the open end of the waveguide 112 is offset in the negative direction of the X-axis with respect to the center of the first blocking wall. If the X coordinate of the center of the opening end of the waveguide 112 is X _OE1 , the X coordinate of the center of the first blocking wall is X _RS1 , and the offset distance is r _OFF1 , then X _OE1 = X _RS1 - r _OFF1 The relationship holds true. The center of the open end of the waveguide 112 may not be offset with respect to the center of the first blocking wall.

For example, the center of the open end of the waveguide 114 is offset from the center of the second blocking wall by a predetermined offset distance along the Y-axis. In FIG. 1, the center of the open end of the waveguide 114 is offset in the positive direction of the Y-axis with respect to the center of the second blocking wall. If the Y coordinate of the center of the opening end of the waveguide 114 is Y _OE2 , the Y coordinate of the center of the second blocking wall is Y _RS2 , and the offset distance is r _OFF2 , then Y _OE2 = Y _RS2 + r _OFF2. A relationship is established. The center of the open end of the waveguide 114 may not be offset with respect to the center of the second blocking wall.

The center of the open end of the waveguide 116 is offset from the center of the third blocking wall by a predetermined offset distance along the X-axis and in the opposite direction to the direction in which the center of the open end of the waveguide 112 is offset. In Fig. 1, the center of the open end of the waveguide 116 is offset in the positive direction of the X-axis from the center of the blocking wall 126. When the X-coordinate of the center of the open end of the waveguide 116 is _XOE3 , the X-coordinate of the center of the blocking wall 126 is _XRS3 , and the offset distance is _rOFF3 , the relationship _XOE3 = _XRS3 + _rOFF3 is established. The center of the open end of the waveguide 116 does not have to be offset from the center of the third blocking wall.

The center of the open end of the waveguide 118 is, for example, along the Y axis with respect to the center of the fourth blocking wall, and in the opposite direction to the direction in which the center of the open end of the waveguide 114 is offset. is offset by a predetermined offset distance. In FIG. 1, the center of the open end of the waveguide 118 is offset from the center of the blocking wall 128 in the negative direction of the Y-axis. If the Y coordinate of the center of the open end of the waveguide 118 is Y _OE4 , the Y coordinate of the center of the blocking wall 128 is Y _RS4 , and the offset distance is r _OFF4 , then Y _OE4 = Y _RS4 - r _OFF4. A relationship is established. The center of the open end of the waveguide 118 may not be offset with respect to the center of the fourth blocking wall.

For example, _rOFF1 = _rOFF3 . For example, _rOFF2 = _rOFF4 . For example, _rOFF1 = _rOFF2 = _rOFF3 = _rOFF4 .

The length a of the first blocking wall along the X-axis is, for example, shorter than the length _lOE1 of the open end of the waveguide 112 along the X-axis. a and l _OE1 may be the same length, or a may be longer than l _OE1 .

The length b of the second blocking wall along the Y-axis is, for example, shorter than the length _lOE2 of the open end of the waveguide 114 along the Y-axis. b and l _OE2 may be the same length, or b may be longer than l _OE2 .

The length a of the third blocking wall along the X-axis is, for example, shorter than the length _lOE3 of the open end of the waveguide 116 along the X-axis. a and l _OE3 may be the same length, or a may be longer than l _OE3 .

The length b of the fourth blocking wall along the Y axis is, for example, shorter than the length _{l_OE4} along the Y axis of the open end of the waveguide 118. b and _{l_OE4} may be the same length, or b may be longer than _{l_OE4} .

The radio wave radiator 100 includes a waveguide 112 and a waveguide 116 that radiate vertically polarized radio waves, and a waveguide 114 and a waveguide 118 that radiate horizontally polarized radio waves. Therefore, the radio wave radiator 100 can be used for both vertically polarized waves and vertically polarized waves.

The radio wave radiator 100 is used, for example, as an antenna for a mobile communication system. The radio wave radiator 100 is used, for example, as an antenna for a 5G (5th Generation) mobile communication system. The radio wave radiator 100 is used, for example, as an antenna for the Beyond 5G mobile communication system. The radio wave radiator 100 may be used as an antenna for a mobile communication system after a 6G mobile communication system. The radio wave radiator 100 may be used as an antenna for a 3G (3rd Generation) mobile communication system or an LTE (Long Term Evolution) communication system.

The radio wave radiator 100 may be used as an antenna for V2V communication. The radio wave radiator 100 may be used as a null-fill antenna for platooning. The radio wave radiator 100 may be used as a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) antenna. Radio wave radiator 100 may be used for a diversity antenna. Radio wave emitter 100 may be used in an electronic scanning antenna.

FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of the antenna device 10 including the radio wave radiator 100. FIG. 2(a) is an isometric view of the antenna device 10. As shown in FIG. 2A, the antenna device 10 includes, in addition to the radio wave radiator 100, a casing 70 that accommodates the radio wave radiator 100, and an opening that extends toward the radio wave propagation direction. A horn section 80 is provided.

The horn section 80 is used, for example, to suppress open end reflections occurring at the open ends of the waveguides 112, 114, 116, and 118. The horn portion 80 is made of metal, for example. The horn portion 80 is made of copper, for example. The horn portion 80 may be made of other metals such as aluminum or silver.

FIG. 2B is a plan view of the antenna device 10. As shown in FIG. 2B, the radio wave radiator 100 is located at the center of the horn section 80, and is connected to the waveguides 112, 114, 116, and 118. , an oscillator 132, an oscillator 134, an oscillator 136, and an oscillator 138 are arranged, respectively. Oscillator 132, oscillator 134, oscillator 136, and oscillator 138 may function as a first port, second port, third port, and fourth port of radio wave radiator 100, respectively.

FIG. 3 illustrates simulation results of S-parameters of a radio wave radiator. In FIG. 3, there are four rectangular waveguides in which the length in the longitudinal direction of the open end is 6.5 mm, the length in the lateral direction of the open end is 3.25 mm, a=3.2 mm, b=3. A radio wave radiator 100 having a blocker 120 which is a metal block of 2 mm and d=3.2 mm, and a radio wave radiator having the same structure as the radio wave radiator 100 except that the blocker 120 is not arranged. (sometimes referred to as "comparison target radio wave radiator") is the radio wave radiator to be simulated.

The S parameters include a reflection loss S _ii and a transmission loss S _ij (i ≠ j). _{S ii} indicates the ratio of radio waves reflected at the i-th port to radio waves emitted from the i-th port. S _ij indicates the ratio of radio waves passing through the i-th port to radio waves emitted from the j-th port. Therefore, S _ij can be said to be the loss caused by mutual coupling between the j-th port and the i-th port.

FIG. 3A is a graph showing simulation results of the return loss _S11 at the first port. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 3(a) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 3(a) is return loss (dB).

The return loss condition that the return loss S _ii (i=1, 2, 3, or 4) must satisfy in order for a radio wave radiator having four waveguides to have good operating characteristics is S _ii ≦−10 dB. As shown in FIG. 3A, the frequency band in which S ₁₁ ≦−10 dB is satisfied in the radio wave radiator 100 is wider than the frequency band in which S ₁₁ ≦−10 dB is satisfied in the comparative radio wave radiator. Therefore, the radio wave radiator 100 according to this embodiment can widen the bandwidth of the frequency band in which the return loss condition is satisfied compared to the comparative radio wave radiator by arranging the blocking body 120 in the area surrounded by the waveguides 112, 114, 116, and 118.

(b) of FIG. 3 is a graph showing simulation results of the passing losses S ₂₁ , S ₃₁ , and S ₄₁ of the first port. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 3(b) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 3(b) is the passage loss (dB).

In order for the radio wave radiator with four waveguides to have good operating characteristics, the transmission loss S _ij (i=1, 2, 3, or 4; j=1, 2, 3, or 4; i The passing loss condition that ≠j) must satisfy is S _ij ≦−20 dB. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the radio wave radiator to be compared has S ₃₁ >−20 dB in the frequency range that satisfies the return loss condition. Therefore, the radio wave radiator to be compared does not satisfy the transmission loss condition in the frequency range that satisfies the return loss condition. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the radio wave radiator 100 has S ₂₁ ≦-20 dB, S ₃₁ ≦-20 dB, and S ₄₁ ≦-20 dB in the entire frequency range that satisfies the return loss condition. Become. Therefore, the radio wave emitter 100 according to the present embodiment prevents reflection by arranging the blocker 120 in the area surrounded by the waveguide 112, the waveguide 114, the waveguide 116, and the waveguide 118. The passing loss condition can be satisfied in the entire frequency range that satisfies the loss condition.

The blocking body 120, which is a metal block, plate, or the like having a blocking wall, has a simple configuration. Therefore, the radio wave radiator 100 according to the present embodiment realizes a radio wave radiator having a simple configuration and good operating characteristics.

Figure 4 illustrates the results of a simulation of the S parameters of the radio wave emitter 100. In Figure 4, the radio wave emitter 100 (sometimes referred to as the "first radio wave emitter") has four rectangular waveguides with the longitudinal length of the open end = 6.5 mm and the lateral length of the open end = 3.25 mm, and the blocking body 120 is a metal block with a = 3.2 mm, b = 3.2 mm, and d = 1.6 mm, the radio wave emitter 100 (sometimes referred to as the "second radio wave emitter") having the same structure as the first radio wave emitter except that d = 3.2 mm, and the radio wave emitter 100 (sometimes referred to as the "third radio wave emitter") having the same structure as the first radio wave emitter except that d = 4.8 mm are the radio wave emitters 100 to be simulated.

(a) of FIG. 4 is a graph showing simulation results of the return loss _S11 of the first port of each of the first radio wave radiator, the second radio wave radiator, and the third radio wave radiator. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4(a) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 4(a) is return loss (dB). As shown in (a) of FIG. 4, the bandwidth of the frequency band that satisfies the return loss condition (S ₁₁ ≦-10 dB) in the second radio wave radiator, and the frequency that satisfies the return loss condition in the third radio wave radiator. The bandwidth of the band is longer than the bandwidth of the frequency band that satisfies the return loss condition in the first radio wave radiator.

FIG. 4B is a graph showing the simulation results of the passing losses S ₂₁ , S ₃₁ , and S ₄₁ of the first port of the first radio wave radiator. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4(b) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 4(b) is the passage loss (dB). As shown in FIG. 4B, the first radio wave radiator includes a frequency region where S ₃₁ >−20 dB in a frequency region that satisfies the return loss condition.

FIG. 4C is a graph showing the simulation results of the passing losses S ₂₁ , S ₃₁ , and S ₄₁ of the first port of the second radio wave radiator. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4(c) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 4(c) is the passing loss (dB). As shown in FIG. 4C, the second radio wave radiator satisfies S ₂₁ ≦−20 dB, S ₃₁ ≦−20 dB, and S ₄₁ ≦−20 dB in the frequency region that satisfies the return loss condition.

(d) of FIG. 4 is a graph showing the simulation results of the passing losses S ₂₁ , S ₃₁ , and S ₄₁ of the first port of the third radio wave radiator. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4(d) is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 4(d) is the passage loss (dB). As shown in FIG. 4(d), the third radio wave radiator satisfies S ₂₁ ≦−20 dB, S ₃₁ ≦−20 dB, and S ₄₁ ≦−20 dB in the frequency region that satisfies the return loss condition.

According to FIGS. 4(a) to 4(d), the second radio wave radiator and the third radio wave radiator can satisfy the transmission loss condition throughout the frequency range that satisfies the reflection loss condition. Since d of the blocking body 120 of the second radio wave radiator is 3.2 mm and d of the blocking body 120 of the third radio wave radiator is 4.8 mm, the second radio wave radiator can prevent the third radio wave radiator from emitting the third radio wave. It is smaller than the container. From the above, it can be said that the second radio wave radiator is the best radio wave radiator from the viewpoint of both good operating characteristics of the device and miniaturization of the device.

FIG. 5 illustrates a simulation result of a radiation pattern of radio waves emitted by a radio wave radiator. In FIG. 5, there are four rectangular waveguides in which the length in the longitudinal direction of the open end is 6.5 mm, the length in the lateral direction of the open end is 3.25 mm, a=3.2 mm, b=3. A radio wave radiator 100 having a blocker 120 which is a metal block of 2 mm and d=3.2 mm, and a radio wave radiator having the same structure as the radio wave radiator 100 except that the blocker 120 is not arranged. (sometimes referred to as "comparison target radio wave radiator") is the radio wave radiator to be simulated.

Figure 5 shows the radio waves when radio waves are emitted from the first and third ports that emit vertically polarized radio waves, and the second and fourth ports that emit horizontally polarized radio waves are terminated with a 50Ω resistor. These are the simulation results of the radiation pattern. The radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the first port, and the phase of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the phase of the radio waves emitted from the first port. Assume that they differ by 180 degrees.

FIG. 5A is a graph of simulation results of the radio wave radiation pattern when the frequency of the radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator is 28 GHz. FIG. 5B is a graph of simulation results of a radio wave radiation pattern when the frequency of the radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator is 28.5 GHz.

The XZ plane of the graph of FIG. 5(a) and the graph of FIG. 5(b) corresponds to the XZ plane of FIG. 1. The direction of θ=0° in the graph of FIG. 5(a) and the graph of FIG. 5(b) corresponds to the positive direction of the Z axis in FIG. The polarization direction of the main polarization (Co-Polarization; Co-Pol) radio waves in the graph of FIG. 5(a) and the graph of FIG. 5(b) is the polarization direction of the vertically polarized radio wave. Corresponds to the direction parallel to the Y axis of 1. The polarization direction of the cross polarization (X-Pol) radio waves in the graph of FIG. 5(a) and the graph of FIG. 5(b) is the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized radio wave; corresponds to the direction parallel to the X axis of

As shown in the graph of FIG. 5(a) and the graph of FIG. 5(b), in the direction around the peak direction (θ=0°) of the radio wave radiation pattern, the cross-polarized wave of the radio wave radiator 100 The absolute gain (dBi) of the radio wave of the radio wave radiator to be compared is smaller than the absolute gain of the radio wave of the cross polarization of the radio wave radiator to be compared, and the absolute gain of the radio wave of the main polarization of the radio wave radiator 100 is the main polarization of the radio wave radiator to be compared. greater than the absolute gain of radio waves. This can be said to be because the reduction in the absolute gain of the cross-polarized radio waves in the directions around the peak direction contributes to the improvement in the absolute gain of the main polarization radio waves in the directions around the peak direction. Therefore, the radio wave radiator 100 according to the present embodiment has a comparatively It is possible to enhance the gain characteristics around the peak direction of the target radio wave radiator and the comparison target radio waves.

The table below shows the simulation results of the cross polarization discrimination (XPD) in the peak direction (θ = 0°) of the radio wave emitter 100 and a comparative radio wave emitter. Note that cross polarization discrimination refers to the degree to which the main polarized radio wave and the cross polarized radio wave can be distinguished.

FIG. 6 illustrates simulation results and measurement results of the gain characteristics of the radio wave radiator 100. In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 below, four rectangular waveguides are shown in which the length of the open end in the longitudinal direction = 6.5 mm, the length of the open end in the short direction = 3.25 mm, and a = 3.2 mm. , b = 3.2 mm, d = 3.2 mm, and the radio wave radiator 100 having the blocker 120 which is a metal block is manufactured, and the simulation results and measurement results of the radio wave radiator 100 are obtained. continue.

The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 6 is frequency (GHz). The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 6 indicates the peak direction ( θ=0°) is the absolute gain (dBi) of the main polarization. The radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the first port, and the phase of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the phase of the radio waves emitted from the first port. Assume that they differ by 180 degrees. As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results and measurement results of the gain characteristics of the radio wave radiator 100 generally match.

FIG. 7 illustrates simulation results and measurement results of the radiation pattern of radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100. FIG. 7 shows simulation results and measurement results of radio wave radiation patterns when vertically polarized radio waves are radiated from the first port and the third port, and the second port and the fourth port are terminated with 50Ω resistors. The radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the first port, and the phase of the radio waves emitted from the third port is the same as the phase of the radio waves emitted from the first port. Assume that they differ by 180 degrees.

(a) of FIG. 7 is a graph showing the simulation results and measurement results of the radio wave radiation pattern when the frequency of the radio wave radiated by the radio wave emitter 100 is 28 GHz. (b) of FIG. 7 is a graph showing the simulation results and measurement results of the radio wave radiation pattern when the frequency of the radio wave radiated by the radio wave emitter 100 is 28.5 GHz.

The XZ plane of the graph of FIG. 7(a) and the graph of FIG. 7(b) corresponds to the XZ plane of FIG. 1. The direction of θ=0° in the graph of FIG. 7(a) and the graph of FIG. 7(b) corresponds to the positive direction of the Z axis in FIG. The polarization direction of the main polarized radio waves in the graphs of (a) and (b) of FIG. handle. The polarization direction of the cross-polarized radio waves in the graph of FIG. 7(a) and the graph of FIG. 7(b) is the polarization direction of the horizontally polarized radio wave, which is parallel to the handle.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 7(a) and the graph of FIG. 7(b), the simulation results and measurement results of the radio wave radiation pattern of the radio wave radiator 100 generally match. The table below shows simulation results and measurement results of cross-polarization discrimination in the peak direction (θ=0°) of the radio wave radiator 100.

FIG. 8 schematically shows another example of the antenna device 10 including the radio wave radiator 100. The radio wave emitter 100 illustrated in FIG. 8 includes, in addition to the radio wave emitter 100, a pedestal 20, a support section 30, a reflection section 40, a control device 50, a housing 70, and a horn section 80.

The control device 50 executes various controls. For example, the control device 50 causes the radio wave emitter 100 housed in the housing 70 to emit radio waves in order to output transmission data. The radio waves emitted from the radio wave radiator 100 are reflected by the reflection section 40 supported by the support section 30 fixed to the pedestal 20, and output toward the outside.

The reflecting section 40 may be a reflecting plate. The shape of the reflecting section 40 may be any shape as long as it can reflect the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter 100. The reflecting section 40 has, for example, a parabolic shape. The reflecting section 40 may be plate-shaped.

The control device 50 changes the output direction of the radio waves to the outside by adjusting the reflection section 40, for example. For example, the control device 50 rotates the base 20 using a motor to rotationally move the reflecting section 40 with respect to the radio wave emitter 100, thereby changing the output direction of the radio waves.

The control device 50, for example, rotates the reflecting unit 40 continuously at a constant speed. The control device 50 may also rotate the reflecting unit 40 continuously, rather than at a constant speed. The control device 50 may also rotate the reflecting unit 40 discontinuously. For example, the control device 50 may rotate the reflecting unit 40 to a specified position in response to an instruction received from outside.

The control device 50 determines the rotational position of the reflecting unit 40, for example, based on the control amount of a motor that rotates the base 20. The control device 50 may also determine the rotational position of the reflecting unit 40 using a sensor.

The sensor may be of any type as long as it can identify the rotational position of the reflecting section 40. For example, the sensor may be a sensor that can directly measure the amount of rotation of the base 20. Further, for example, the sensor may be a sensor that can identify the rotational position of the reflecting section 40 by capturing an image of the pedestal 20 or capturing an image of the reflecting section 40.

9 and 10 illustrate the output radio waves 45 that the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 8 outputs to the outside. In the example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the antenna device 10 includes a signal generator 52 and a signal generator 54.

The signal generator 52 generates an electric signal for generating vertically polarized radio waves at the first port and the third port of the radio wave radiator 100. The signal generator 54 generates an electric signal for generating horizontally polarized radio waves at the second port and the fourth port of the radio wave radiator 100.

For example, the antenna device 10 uses the signal generator 52 to generate vertically polarized radio waves at the first port and the third port, thereby causing the radio wave radiator 100 to radiate vertically polarized radio waves. Further, for example, the antenna device 10 uses the signal generator 54 to generate horizontally polarized radio waves at the second port and the fourth port, thereby causing the radio wave radiator 100 to radiate horizontally polarized radio waves. The antenna device 10 can adjust the polarization direction of the radio waves directed from the radio wave radiator 100 toward the reflecting section 40 by adjusting the ratio of horizontally polarized radio waves and vertically polarized radio waves.

For example, the antenna device 10 generates vertically polarized waves at the first and third ports and horizontally polarized waves at the second and fourth ports so that the polarization direction of the output radio waves 45 does not change. Change the percentage. In the examples shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the reflection part 40 is at the angle shown in FIG. Vertically polarized radio waves are generated only in the three ports, and when the reflecting section 40 is at the angle shown in FIG. 10, horizontally polarized radio waves are generated only in the second and fourth ports.

FIG. 11 schematically shows an example of the functional configuration of the control device 50. The control device 50 may include a signal generator 52, a signal generator 54, and an antenna control section 60. Note that it is not essential that the control device 50 include all of these configurations.

The antenna control section 60 includes an output direction changing section 62, a radio wave adjusting section 64, and a rotational position determining section 66. The output direction changing section 62 changes the output direction of the radio wave to the outside by adjusting the reflecting section 40 . The output direction changing unit 62 changes the output direction of the radio waves to the outside by, for example, rotating the reflecting unit 40 with respect to the radio wave radiator 100. The output direction changing unit 62 may rotate the reflecting unit 40 with respect to the radio wave emitter 100 by controlling a motor.

The radio wave adjustment section 64 adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 uses, for example, the signal generator 52 to adjust the vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator 100. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 uses, for example, the signal generator 54 to adjust horizontally polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts, for example, vertically polarized radio waves and horizontally polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the radio wave intensity of the radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the radio field intensity of vertically polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example. For example, the radio wave adjusting unit 64 adjusts the first waveguide so that the ratio of the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide to the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide becomes a predetermined ratio. At least one of the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the waveguide and the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide is adjusted.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts, for example, the radio wave intensity of horizontally polarized waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100. For example, the radio wave adjusting unit 64 adjusts the second waveguide so that the ratio of the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide to the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the second waveguide becomes a predetermined ratio. At least one of the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the waveguide and the radio field intensity of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide is adjusted.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the phase of radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the phase of vertically polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example. For example, the radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the phase difference between the phase of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide to be a predetermined phase difference. , adjusting at least one of the phase of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the phase of horizontally polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example. For example, the radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the phase difference between the phase of the radio waves radiated from the second waveguide and the phase of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide to a predetermined phase difference. , adjusting at least one of the phase of the radio waves radiated from the second waveguide and the phase of the radio waves radiated from the fourth waveguide.

The radio wave adjustment section 64 adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example, in accordance with the adjustment of the reflection section 40 by the output direction changing section 62. For example, the radio wave adjusting unit 64 adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter 100 in accordance with the adjustment of the reflecting unit 40 by the output direction changing unit 62 so that the polarization direction of the radio waves output to the outside does not change. . For example, the radio wave adjustment unit 64 acquires the adjustment amount of the reflection unit 40 from the output direction change unit 62 and adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter 100 in accordance with the adjustment amount of the reflection unit 40.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the polarization direction of the radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator 100, for example, by adjusting the vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator 100 and the ratio of the vertically polarized radio waves. do. The radio wave adjustment unit 64 adjusts the ratio of vertically polarized radio waves and vertically polarized radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator 100, for example, according to the angle of the reflection unit 40 with respect to the radio wave radiator 100.

The radio wave adjustment unit 64, for example, sets the ratio of vertically polarized radio waves and vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave emitter 100 to a ratio that corresponds to the angle of the reflector 40 relative to the radio wave emitter 100. The ratio of vertically polarized radio waves and vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave emitter 100 that corresponds to the angle of the reflector 40 may be registered in advance for each polarization direction of the output radio waves.

For example, in order to prevent the polarization direction of the output radio wave from changing while remaining vertically polarized, the vertically polarized radio waves and the vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator 100 are The ratio is registered in advance. In addition, for example, in order to prevent the polarization direction of the output radio wave from changing while remaining horizontally polarized, the vertically polarized radio waves and the vertically polarized radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator 100 may be changed for each angle of the reflecting section 40. The radio wave ratio is registered in advance.

The rotational position determination unit 66 determines the rotational position of the reflection unit 40 with respect to the radio wave emitter 100. The rotational position determination unit 66 determines the rotational position of the reflection unit 40 with respect to the radio wave emitter 100 using, for example, a sensor. The radio wave adjustment section 64 may adjust the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter 100 according to the rotational position of the reflection section 40 determined by the rotational position determination section 66.

Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the range described in the above embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the embodiments described above. It is clear from the claims that such modifications or improvements may be included within the technical scope of the present invention.

The order of execution of each process, such as operations, procedures, steps, and stages, in the devices, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, specifications, and drawings is not specifically stated as "before" or "prior to," and it should be noted that the processes may be performed in any order, unless the output of a previous process is used in a later process. Even if the operational flow in the claims, specifications, and drawings is explained using "first," "next," etc. for convenience, it does not mean that it is necessary to perform the processes in that order.

10 antenna device, 20 pedestal, 30 support section, 40 reflection section, 45 output radio wave, 50 control device, 52 signal generator, 54 signal generator, 60 antenna control section, 62 output direction change section, 64 radio wave adjustment section, 66 Rotational position determination unit, 70 housing, 80 horn unit, 100 radio wave radiator, 102 main body, 112 waveguide, 114 waveguide, 116 waveguide, 118 waveguide, 120 blocking body, 126 blocking wall, 128 blocking wall, 132 oscillator, 134 oscillator, 136 oscillator, 138 oscillator

Claims (10)

a first waveguide in which a first oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is disposed;
a second waveguide in which a second oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is disposed;
a third waveguide in which a third oscillator that generates vertically polarized radio waves is disposed;
a fourth waveguide in which a fourth oscillator that generates horizontally polarized radio waves is disposed;
a first blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide from passing through the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide; a second blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the second waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide; a third blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the fourth waveguide; a blocking body having a fourth blocking wall that prevents the radio waves radiated from the waveguide from passing through the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the third waveguide; Equipped with
The first waveguide and the third waveguide are arranged along a first axis parallel to the polarization direction of vertically polarized radio waves,
The second waveguide and the fourth waveguide are arranged along a second axis parallel to the polarization direction of horizontally polarized radio waves,
The blocking body projects from a region surrounded by the first waveguide, the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide toward the propagation direction of the radio wave. There is,
Radio wave emitter. a center of the open end of the first waveguide is offset relative to a center of the first blocking wall by a predetermined offset distance along the second axis;
a center of the open end of the second waveguide is offset relative to a center of the second blocking wall by the offset distance along the first axis;
a center of the open end of the third waveguide is offset relative to a center of the third blocking wall by the offset distance along the second axis and in a direction opposite to a direction in which the center of the open end of the first waveguide is offset;
a center of the open end of the fourth waveguide is offset relative to a center of the fourth blocking wall by the offset distance along the first axis and in a direction opposite to the direction in which the center of the open end of the second waveguide is offset.
2. The radio wave emitter according to claim 1. The length of the first blocking wall along the second axis is shorter than the length of the open end of the first waveguide along the second axis,
The length of the second blocking wall along the first axis is shorter than the length of the open end of the second waveguide along the first axis,
The length of the third blocking wall along the second axis is shorter than the length of the open end of the third waveguide along the second axis,
The length of the fourth blocking wall along the first axis is shorter than the length of the open end of the fourth waveguide along the first axis.
The radio wave emitter according to claim 2. The radio wave radiator according to claim 1, wherein the blocking body is a metal block whose sides include the first blocking wall, the second blocking wall, the third blocking wall, and the fourth blocking wall. The first waveguide, the second waveguide, the third waveguide, and the fourth waveguide are capable of emitting radio waves in a predetermined frequency band including 28 GHz. The radio wave emitter according to claim 1. The radio wave emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An antenna device comprising: a radio wave adjustment section that adjusts radio waves radiated by the radio wave radiator. The radio wave adjustment unit is configured such that the ratio of the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide to the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide is a predetermined ratio. Adjusting at least one of the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the first waveguide and the radio wave intensity of the radio waves radiated from the third waveguide, or radiating from the second waveguide. of the radio waves emitted from the second waveguide such that the ratio of the radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the fourth waveguide to the radio field intensity of the radio waves emitted from the second waveguide is a predetermined ratio. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein at least one of a radio field intensity and the radio field intensity of the radio wave radiated from the fourth waveguide is adjusted. The radio wave adjustment unit is configured such that a phase difference between the phase of the radio wave radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the third waveguide is a predetermined phase difference. adjusting at least one of the phase of the radio wave radiated from the first waveguide and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the third waveguide, or from the second waveguide. radiated from the second waveguide such that a phase difference between the phase of the radiated radio wave and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the fourth waveguide is a predetermined phase difference. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the phase of the radio wave and the phase of the radio wave radiated from the fourth waveguide is adjusted. The antenna device according to claim 6 , further comprising a horn portion that widens and opens in the propagation direction of the radio wave. a reflecting part that reflects the radio waves emitted by the radio wave emitter and outputs them to the outside;
further comprising an output direction changing section that changes the output direction of the radio wave to the outside by adjusting the reflecting section,
The radio wave adjusting unit adjusts the radio waves emitted by the radio wave radiator in accordance with the adjustment of the reflecting unit by the output direction changing unit.
The antenna device according to claim 6.

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