JP7455722B2 - Wind power generator and its control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wind power generation device and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a wind power generation device and a control method thereof that can be adapted to various installation locations of the wind power generation device and that can improve the reliability and life of the wind power generation device.

A horizontal axis type wind power generator is equipped with a yaw rotation mechanism that rotates the nacelle on which the wind turbine rotor is mounted around a vertical axis. In a wind power generation device, when a wind direction deviation (hereinafter referred to as yaw deviation angle), which represents the deviation angle between the azimuth of the rotation axis of the wind turbine rotor (hereinafter referred to as the nacelle azimuth angle) and the wind direction, occurs, the rotor receives wind. In order to prevent power generation efficiency from decreasing due to a decrease in area, it is known that a yaw rotation mechanism is controlled to eliminate the yaw deviation angle. For example, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known as a method for controlling yaw.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-020264

Wind conditions representing wind direction and wind speed at a certain point have fluctuating components with various periods. Furthermore, the characteristics of the periodic fluctuation component differ depending on the time period. Wind conditions include these fluctuating components randomly, so a typical yaw control method, for example, starts nacelle rotation when the yaw deviation angle for a certain period of time exceeds a predetermined threshold, and adjusts the yaw deviation angle. By stopping the nacelle rotation when the yaw deviation angle becomes zero or the yaw deviation angle is less than a predetermined threshold value, the yaw is controlled so that the yaw deviation angle is always close to zero.

When the yaw deviation angle can always be maintained at zero through yaw control, the amount of power generated is highest. However, if the wind direction fluctuation speed is faster than the nacelle rotation speed, the nacelle azimuth cannot follow the wind direction. In addition, when the wind direction changes frequently, the number of times the nacelle rotation mechanism is driven increases significantly, which increases mechanical wear and tear on the nacelle rotation support mechanism and the motor that provides the nacelle driving force. There is a problem in that there is an increased risk of lower reliability and shorter service life.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for controlling a wind power generator, which includes a rotor that rotates in response to wind, a nacelle that rotatably supports the rotor, a tower that supports the nacelle so that it can rotate in yaw, and A wind power generation device comprising: an adjustment device that adjusts the yaw of the nacelle based on a control command; and a control device that determines the yaw control command to be sent to the adjustment device, a yaw deviation angle calculation unit that calculates a yaw deviation angle from the value measured by the wind direction and the direction of the rotor; a wind turbulence degree calculation unit that calculates a wind turbulence degree from the value measured by the wind direction and wind speed measurement unit; It is described that the control device includes a control command generation unit that determines the yaw control command based on the deviation angle and the degree of turbulence of the wind, and the control device is characterized in that the yaw rotation is stopped early when the degree of wind turbulence is high. There is.

In the method for controlling a wind power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible to suppress excessive yaw rotation even when wind direction fluctuations are severe, and to improve the ability of the nacelle azimuth to follow the wind direction during yaw rotation. It is not possible to reduce the number of times the nacelle turns.

Accordingly, the present invention has developed a wind power generation system that can suppress an increase in the number of times the nacelle is driven and suppress an unnecessary increase in mechanical wear and tear by adjusting the threshold for starting nacelle rotation according to the calculated degree of wind turbulence. Provides a device and its control method.

In order to solve the above problems, the wind power generation device according to the present invention includes a blade that generates lift by receiving the wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates, and a generator that converts the energy of rotation of the hub into electric power. a nacelle that rotatably supports the hub and houses the generator; a tower that rotatably supports the nacelle; an adjustment device that adjusts the yaw of the nacelle based on a yaw control command; and a yaw control command sent to the adjustment device. 1. A wind power generation device comprising a control device that determines a wind power generation device, wherein the control device has a function of adjusting a nacelle rotation start threshold according to the degree of wind turbulence.” .

In addition, the wind power generation method according to the present invention includes a blade that generates lift by receiving the wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates, a generator that converts the energy of rotation of the hub into electric power, and a generator that can rotate the hub. a nacelle that is supported by the nacelle and stores the generator, a tower that rotatably supports the nacelle, an adjustment device that adjusts the yaw of the nacelle based on a yaw control command, and a control device that determines the yaw control command that is sent to the adjustment device. A wind power generation method in a wind power generation apparatus equipped with the present invention, wherein the control device has a function of adjusting a nacelle rotation start threshold according to the degree of wind turbulence.''

According to the present invention, by adjusting the nacelle rotation start threshold according to the calculated degree of wind turbulence, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of rotations of the nacelle and to suppress an unnecessary increase in mechanical wear and tear. It becomes possible to provide a device and its control method.

Issues, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be made clear by the description of the embodiments below.

1 is a side view showing an overall schematic configuration example of a wind power generation device according to Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view (plan view) of the wind power generation device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functions of a yaw control section according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the degree of wind turbulence and the nacelle rotation start angle according to Example 1. 4 is a flowchart showing an overview of processing of the yaw control section shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the nacelle azimuth angle in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functions of a yaw control section according to a second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functions of a yaw control section according to a third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the degree of wind turbulence and the nacelle rotation start angle according to Example 3; FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the functions of a yaw control section according to a fourth embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the description in this specification, a downwind type wind power generation apparatus will be described as an example of a wind power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention can be similarly applied to an upwind type wind power generation apparatus. Further, although an example is shown in which the rotor is composed of three blades and a hub, the rotor is not limited to this, and the rotor may be composed of a hub and at least one blade. A wind farm in which a plurality of wind power generators according to embodiments of the present invention are installed adjacently can be installed in any location: offshore, in the mountains, or in the plains.

Furthermore, the embodiments described below do not limit the claimed invention, and all of the elements and combinations thereof described in the embodiments are essential to the solution of the invention. is not limited. Note that in each drawing, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations of overlapping parts will be omitted.

A wind power generation device and a control method thereof according to a first embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a wind power generator according to a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generation device 2 mainly includes blades 23 that rotate in response to wind, a hub 22 that supports the blades 23, a nacelle 21, and a tower 20 that rotatably supports the nacelle 21. We are prepared.

Among these, inside the nacelle 21, there is a main shaft 25 connected to the hub 22 and rotating together with the hub 22, a speed increaser 27 connected to the main shaft 25 and increasing the rotation speed, and a rotation speed increased by the speed increaser 27. It is equipped with a generator 28 that rotates a rotor to generate electricity.

Further, the installation direction of the blades 23 is called a pitch angle, and the wind power generator 2 includes a pitch angle control device 34 that controls this pitch angle, that is, the direction of the blades 23. A portion that transmits the rotational energy of the blades 23 to the generator 28 is called a power transmission section, and in this embodiment, the main shaft 25 and the speed increaser 27 are included in the power transmission section. The speed increaser 27 and the generator 28 are held on a main frame 29, and the generator 28 has a generator control device 35 that controls its movement.

Further, the blades 23 and the hub 22 constitute a rotor 24 . As shown in FIG. 1, inside the tower 20, a power converter 30 that converts the frequency of power, a switching switch and transformer that switches on and off the current (not shown), and a control device 31 are arranged. ing. In FIG. 1, the power converter 30 and the control device 31 are installed at the bottom of the tower, but the installation location of these devices is not limited to the bottom of the tower. It is also possible that it may be installed.

Further, a wind direction and speed meter 32 for measuring wind direction data and wind speed data is installed on the upper surface of the nacelle 21. As the control device 31, for example, a control panel or SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is used.

Further, the direction of the nacelle 21 is called a yaw angle, and the wind power generator 2 includes a yaw angle control device 33 that controls the direction of the nacelle 21, that is, the direction of the rotating surface of the rotor 24. As shown in FIG. 1, the yaw angle control device 33 is disposed between the bottom surface of the nacelle 21 and the tip of the tower 20, and includes, for example, at least an actuator and a motor that drives the actuator (not shown). Based on a yaw angle control command output from the control device 31 via a signal line, the motor constituting the yaw angle control device 33 rotates and the actuator is displaced by a desired amount, so that the nacelle 21 is adjusted to the desired yaw angle. Rotate.

FIG. 2 is a top view (plan view) of FIG. The wind direction relative to a predetermined reference direction is defined as θw, the direction of the rotor rotation axis relative to the predetermined reference direction is defined as θr, and the yaw deviation angle, which is the deviation angle from the wind direction θw to the rotor axis angle θr, is defined as Δθ. Illustrated. Here, the "predetermined reference direction" is, for example, a reference direction with north set at 0°. Note that the reference direction is not limited to north and may be set arbitrarily. Note that the wind direction θw may be a value acquired every measurement cycle, may be an average direction over a predetermined period, or may be a direction passed through a filter that passes only a predetermined frequency range. However, the direction may be calculated based on the surrounding wind condition distribution. Further, the rotor axis angle θr may be the direction in which the rotor rotation axis faces, the direction of the nacelle, or a value measured by an encoder of the yaw turning section.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functions of the yaw control unit that constitutes the yaw control device 33 shown in FIG. 1 when the nacelle starts turning. As shown in FIG. 3, the yaw control unit 300 includes a yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 that calculates the yaw deviation angle Δθ, a nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 that calculates the nacelle rotation start threshold θs, and a yaw deviation angle calculation unit 310 that calculates the yaw deviation angle Δθ. It is comprised of a control command creation unit 305 that determines a yaw control command Cy for controlling the start/drive/stop of yaw rotation based on a separately set predictive control command value θy. The nacelle rotation start threshold calculation section 310 includes a data storage section 302 , a wind turbulence degree calculation section 303 , and a threshold calculation section 304 .

Of these, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 determines the yaw deviation angle Δθ based on the rotor axis angle θr and the wind direction θw. As shown in FIG. 2, this yaw deviation angle Δθ is the difference between the wind direction θw and the rotor axis angle θr, and indicates how far the rotor axis deviates from the wind direction. Here, the wind direction θw is not limited to the value detected from the wind direction/wind speed sensor 10 installed in the nacelle 5, but may use a value installed on the ground or other location. The yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 also uses a filter (low-pass filter) that passes only a predetermined frequency range of the yaw deviation angle Δθ, such as a low-pass filter, or a filter (low-pass filter) that passes only a predetermined frequency range of the yaw deviation angle Δθ, or a filter (low-pass filter) that passes only a predetermined frequency range of the yaw deviation angle Δθ; A statistical value using an average value may be used. Alternatively, it may be one that performs Fourier transformation.

The data storage unit 302, which constitutes the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310, stores data on the wind speed measurement value Vw (hereinafter simply referred to as wind speed Vw) detected by the anemometer 32.

Further, the wind turbulence degree calculation unit 302 outputs a wind turbulence degree It representing a change in wind condition data for a predetermined period based on the wind speed Vw accumulated in the data storage unit 302. In this embodiment, the wind speed Vw is used to calculate the degree of wind turbulence It. As an example of a method for calculating the degree of wind turbulence It, a statistical analysis method is used here to set the degree of turbulence It as shown in the following equation (1).
[Number 1]
It=σv/Vwave...(1)
Here, σv is the standard deviation of the wind speed Vw in a predetermined period, and Vwave is the average value of the wind speed Vw in the predetermined period. Note that how the predetermined period should be set depends on the environmental circumstances of the location where each wind power generation device is installed, the calculation ability of the yaw control section 300, the setting value of the filter used in the yaw deviation angle calculation section 301, and the yaw rotation. Although it may be set as appropriate depending on the drive speed, yaw drive amount, etc., it is preferable to roughly set it in the range of 1 second to 1 hour so as to correspond to somewhat frequent wind direction fluctuations. Alternatively, it is more preferable that the predetermined period is in the range of 10 seconds to 10 minutes.

A threshold calculation unit 304 configuring the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 shown in FIG. 3 determines a threshold value θs for determining the start of nacelle rotation based on the degree of wind turbulence It. Specifically, the threshold calculation unit 303 adjusts the magnitude of the nacelle rotation start threshold θs in accordance with the degree of wind turbulence It. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, when the degree of wind turbulence It is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is lowered, and when the degree of wind turbulence It is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is increased, and the degree of wind turbulence When It is smaller than the reference value It0, the relationship of characteristic L is such that the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs is held constant.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an overview of the processing performed by the yaw control unit 300 shown in FIG. 3 at the time of starting nacelle rotation. In this flow, processing steps S401 to S403 correspond to the processing in the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 in FIG. 3, processing step S405 corresponds to the processing in the data storage unit 302 in FIG. Processing step S407 corresponds to the processing of the threshold calculation unit 304 in FIG. 3, and processing step S409 corresponds to the processing of the control command creation unit 305 in FIG. 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, in processing step S401, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 determines the rotor axis angle θr, and the process proceeds to the next processing step S402. In processing step S402, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 determines the wind direction θw, and proceeds to the next processing step S403. In processing step S403, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 determines the yaw deviation angle Δθ based on the rotor axis angle θr and the wind direction θw, and proceeds to the next processing step S409. In this way, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 executes the processing from processing step S401 to processing step S403.

In parallel with the processing from processing step S401 to processing step S403, in processing step S405, the wind speed measurement value Vw used in the wind turbulence degree calculation section 303 is obtained from the data storage section 302 configuring the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation section 310. Extract. In processing step S406, the wind turbulence degree calculation unit 303 determines the wind turbulence degree It based on the wind speed measurement value Vw represented by the wind speed Vw, and proceeds to the next processing step S407. In processing step S405, the threshold calculation section 304 that constitutes the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation section 310 determines the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs, and the process proceeds to the next processing step S409. In this way, the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 executes the processing from processing step S405 to processing step S407.

In processing step S409, the control command generation unit 304 determines the yaw control command Cy based on the yaw deviation angle Δθ and the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs, and then ends the series of processing.

Here, a method for calculating the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs will be specifically explained. FIG. 6 schematically shows changes in the nacelle azimuth angle by the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310. The vertical axis represents the wind direction and the nacelle azimuth, and it is assumed that the degree of wind turbulence is large in the time period T1, and the degree of wind turbulence is small in the time period T2.

The solid line L101 in FIG. 6 is the wind direction that is simulated, the broken line L102 is the nacelle azimuth when the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is always fixed at a small value without using the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310, and the dashed line L103 is The dotted line L104 indicates the nacelle azimuth when the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is always fixed at a large value without using the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310. The nacelle rotation start threshold θs is adjusted using the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310. This simulates the nacelle azimuth when

This figure shows that the simulated wind direction L101 fluctuates in a short cycle during time period T1 when the degree of wind turbulence is high, and increases during time period T2 when the degree of wind turbulence is low. It shows what kind of follow-up change occurs when the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs is set in various ways when a trend is shown.

In this example, first, when the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is small, the nacelle repeats the nacelle rotation following the change in wind direction, regardless of the degree of wind turbulence (periods T1 and T2), as shown by the broken line L102, and the yaw deviation Although the angle Δθ becomes smaller, the nacelle rotation mechanism repeats starting/driving/stopping, and especially when the degree of wind turbulence is large, the wind direction changes frequently, so the number of rotations of the nacelle increases significantly.

On the other hand, when the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is large, as shown by the chain line L103, the nacelle does not follow the change in wind direction very much regardless of the degree of wind turbulence (periods T1 and T2), so the yaw deviation angle Δθ becomes large. There is a risk that the amount of power generation will decrease.

In contrast, by adjusting the nacelle rotation start threshold θs according to the degree of wind turbulence, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs can be increased when the degree of wind turbulence is large (period T1), as shown by dotted line L104. By not making the nacelle direction follow frequent changes in wind direction, an increase in the number of nacelle turns is suppressed. On the other hand, when the degree of wind turbulence is small (period T2), by reducing the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs, the followability of the nacelle orientation to changes in wind direction is improved, and a decrease in the amount of power generation is suppressed.

As described above, the present embodiment provides a wind power generation device and its control method that performs yaw control according to the degree of wind turbulence and can suppress an increase in the number of nacelle rotations even at a site with large fluctuations in wind direction. It becomes possible to do so.

Specifically, the degree of wind turbulence It is calculated using the wind speed Vw detected by the wind speed sensor, and if the degree of wind turbulence It is high as shown in the characteristics of FIG. 4, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is increased. This suppresses the increase in the number of yaw turns. In addition, when the degree of wind turbulence It is low, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is made small or maintained to make the nacelle orientation follow the wind direction θw. In this way, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is varied according to the wind conditions. By suppressing an increase in the number of rotations of the nacelle, it is possible to suppress an increase in mechanical wear and tear.

Note that when determining the wind turbulence degree It using equation (1), a high wind turbulence degree It means that there is a lot of wind turbulence, and a low wind turbulence degree It means that there is a lot of wind turbulence. Needless to say, this means that there are few.

Next, a wind power generation device 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The wind power generation device 2 of the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the processing in the threshold calculation unit 310 in the yaw control unit 300 of the first embodiment described above. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the functions of the yaw control unit 300 in the second embodiment when the nacelle starts turning.

As shown in FIG. 7, the yaw control unit 300 includes a yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 that calculates the yaw deviation angle Δθ, a nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 that calculates the nacelle rotation start threshold θs, and a yaw deviation angle calculation unit 310 that calculates the yaw deviation angle Δθ. It is comprised of a control command generation unit 304 that determines a yaw control command Cy for controlling the start/drive/stop of yaw rotation based on the predicted control command value θy. The nacelle rotation start threshold calculation section 310 includes a data storage section 302, a wind turbulence degree calculation section 303, a threshold calculation section 304, and a threshold recording section 306.

Of these, the yaw deviation angle calculation unit 301 determines the yaw deviation angle Δθ based on the rotor axis angle θr and the wind direction θw. The data storage unit 302 that constitutes the nacelle rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 stores data on the wind speed measurement value Vw detected from the wind direction and speed meter 32. Further, the wind turbulence degree calculation unit 302 outputs a wind turbulence degree It representing a change in wind condition data for a predetermined period based on the wind speed Vw accumulated in the data storage unit 302.

In the threshold value recording unit 306 additionally installed in the second embodiment, a nacelle rotation start threshold value corresponding to the degree of wind turbulence It is recorded. The threshold calculation unit 304 determines a threshold value θs for determining the start of nacelle rotation based on the degree of wind turbulence It, the degree of wind turbulence recorded in the threshold recording unit 306, and the nacelle rotation start threshold. At this time, the recorded data of the threshold value recording unit 306 may be set depending on the wind power generation device and its installation location, or may be common to a plurality of wind power generation devices. Further, the recorded data of the threshold value recording unit 306 may continue to be used as that recorded before the installation of the wind power generation device, but may be changed depending on the operating status of the wind power generation device. Further, it may be changed depending on each season, time of day, weather, etc.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, a wind power generation device and its wind power generation device are capable of controlling the yaw while changing conditions depending on the season, time of day, weather, etc., and can constantly suppress an increase in the number of nacelle rotations. It becomes possible to provide a control method.

Next, a wind power generation device 2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The wind power generator 2 of this embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in the processing in the threshold calculation section 310 of the yaw control section 300 of the first and second embodiments described above.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the functions of the yaw control unit 300 in this embodiment when the nacelle starts turning. In the predicted yaw control command value calculation unit 310 in FIG. , the average wind speed Vwave is calculated in the average wind speed calculation unit 307. Then, the threshold calculation unit 304 determines a threshold value θs for determining the start of nacelle rotation based on the degree of wind turbulence It and the average wind speed Vwave. That is, the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs is determined according to two variables: the degree of wind turbulence It and the average wind speed Vwave.

FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs determined according to two variables, the degree of wind turbulence It and the average wind speed Vwave, on the same coordinates as FIG. 4. In Example 3, when the average wind speed Vwave is high, the characteristic L having the relationship shown in FIG. 4 is lowered as in the characteristic L1, and when the average wind speed Vwave is low, it is operated as the characteristic L2.

Here, in the third embodiment, when the average wind speed Vwave is high and the degree of wind turbulence It is high, the nacelle rotation stop threshold θs is set lower than in the first embodiment. The reason for this is that when the average wind speed Vwave is high, the change in wind direction becomes small even when the degree of wind turbulence It is high. From this, even when the degree of wind turbulence It is high, when the average wind speed Vwave is high, by lowering the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs compared to Example 1, an increase in the number of nacelle rotations can be avoided while , it becomes possible to reduce the yaw deviation angle.

Similarly, in the third embodiment, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is set higher than in the first embodiment even when the average wind speed Vwave is low and the degree of wind turbulence It is low. The reason for this is that when the average wind speed Vwave is low, changes in wind direction tend to increase, and even when the degree of wind turbulence It is low, there may be a high risk that the number of nacelle turns will increase. In this embodiment, the risk of an increase in the number of nacelle rotations is suppressed by increasing the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs compared to Example 1.

Note that the average wind speed Vwave is determined by using a filter (low-pass filter) that passes only a predetermined frequency range of the wind speed Vw, such as a low-pass filter, or the average value of the values in the immediately preceding predetermined period, such as a moving average. It may be calculated using statistical values or by performing Fourier transformation. Alternatively, the average wind speed Vwave may be calculated before inputting it to the predicted yaw control command value calculation unit 310.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to provide a wind power generation device and its control method that can always suppress an increase in the number of nacelle rotations in wind power generation device installation locations having various characteristics. .

Next, a wind power generation device 2 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The wind power generator 2 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the yaw control section 300 of the above-described embodiment, but the processing in the predicted yaw control command value calculation section 310 is different from that of the first embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a block diagram in this embodiment. The nacelle rotation start threshold calculation section 310 in this embodiment includes a data analysis section 308 instead of the turbulence degree calculation section 303 in the first embodiment.

The data analysis unit 308 in FIG. 10 outputs characteristic data based on the measured data of the wind speed Vw. As a method for calculating feature data, a frequency analysis method of accumulated data is used here.

It goes without saying that the characteristic data corresponds to the degree of wind turbulence It. In short, in Example 1, the degree of wind turbulence was calculated as the standard deviation Vwave of wind speed Vw in a predetermined period/average value of wind speed Vw in a predetermined period using the above-mentioned formula (1), and in Example 4, This data is calculated using the frequency analysis method of the accumulated data in the data analysis unit 308 based on the measured data of the wind speed Vw, and is referred to as characteristic data. A signal component reflecting the same propensity as the degree of disturbance It was determined by data analysis.

How the frequency range should be set depends on the environmental circumstances of the location where each wind power generator is installed, the calculation ability of the yaw control section 300, the setting value of the filter used in the yaw deviation angle calculation section 301, and the driving speed of the yaw rotation. , may be appropriately set according to the yaw drive amount and the like.

After frequency-analyzing the wind speed measurement data, the average value or total value of the frequency components within a specific range during the obtained predetermined period is calculated to determine the wind condition feature amount Fp.

The threshold calculation unit 304 determines a threshold value θs for determining the start of nacelle rotation based on the wind condition feature amount Fp. Specifically, the threshold calculation unit 303 adjusts the magnitude of the nacelle rotation start threshold θs in accordance with the wind condition feature amount Fp. For example, when the wind condition feature amount Fp is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is set low, and when the wind condition feature amount Fp is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold θs is set high.

As a result of the above, it becomes possible to intensively extract and use characteristic forces that directly affect yaw control, and it becomes possible to calculate a more optimal nacelle rotation start threshold value θs.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a wind power generator and a control method thereof that can more efficiently suppress an increase in the number of times the nacelle turns.

Next, a wind power generation device 2 according to Example 5 of the present invention will be described.

The wind power generator 2 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the yaw control unit 300 of the first embodiment described above, but the processing in the yaw rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 differs from that of the first embodiment.

In the yaw rotation start threshold calculation unit 310 of this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment described above, instead of the wind speed measurement value Vw, the power generation output P, the blade pitch angle γ, which is recorded during operation in the wind power generator 2, The input value is one or more of the parameters of the wind power generator 2 that vary according to changes in wind speed, such as the generator torque Tg or the rotor rotational speed ωr.

Next, the amount of variation of these parameters over a predetermined period is calculated, and the obtained amount of variation is used as the degree of wind turbulence It to calculate the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs in the threshold calculation unit 304.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a wind power generation device and a control method thereof that can always suppress an increase in the number of nacelle rotations even when the anemometer is out of order.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible. The embodiments described above are exemplified to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to having all the configurations described. Furthermore, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Furthermore, the control lines and information lines shown in the figures are those considered necessary for explanation, and do not necessarily show all the control lines and information lines necessary on the product. In reality, almost all configurations may be considered to be interconnected.

Possible modifications to the embodiments described above include, for example, the following. For example, the predicted yaw control command value calculation unit 310 in the yaw control unit 300 may be provided in an external device instead of the yaw angle control device 33. The nacelle rotation start threshold value θs for yaw control calculated in the present invention may be applied to other wind power generators 2 at the same site or to wind power generators 2 at other sites with similar wind conditions. The wind turbulence calculation unit 303 in the yaw control unit 300 may be configured to calculate only using previously accumulated wind condition measurement data without sequentially inputting the wind speed measurement values Xw including the wind speed Vw. In each of the embodiments described above, the anemometer 10 is installed on the nacelle 21, but it may be installed inside the nacelle 21 or around the wind power generator 2 instead of this location. In each of the embodiments described above, the nacelle rotation start threshold value θs may be set in steps, or may be set continuously in a straight line or a curved line.

2: Wind power generator 20: Tower 21: Nacelle 22: Hub 23: Blade 24: Rotor 25: Main shaft 27: Speed increaser 28: Generator 29: Main frame 30: Power converter 31: Control device 32: Wind direction and speed meter 33: Yaw angle control device 34: Pitch angle control device 35: Generator control device 300: Yaw control device 301: Yaw deviation angle calculation section 302: Data storage section 303: Disturbance degree calculation section 304: Threshold calculation section 305: Control command Value creation unit 306: Threshold recording unit 307: Average wind speed calculation unit 308: Data analysis unit 310: Nacelle rotation threshold calculation unit

Claims (12)

A blade that generates lift by receiving wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates, a generator that converts the rotational energy of the hub into electric power, and a generator that rotatably supports the hub and houses the generator. a tower that rotatably supports the nacelle; an adjustment device that adjusts the yaw of the nacelle based on a yaw control command; and a control device that determines the yaw control command that is sent to the adjustment device. A device,
The control device has a function of adjusting a nacelle rotation start threshold according to the degree of wind turbulence,
When the wind turbulence is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold is raised, and when the wind turbulence is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold is lowered,
When the wind turbulence is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set high, and when the average wind speed is high, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set lower, and when the wind turbulence is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set low, when the average wind speed is low. A wind power generation device characterized by being raised and set . The wind power generation device according to claim 1,
A wind power generation device characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined from a standard deviation of wind speeds over a predetermined period and an average value of wind speeds over a predetermined period. The wind power generation device according to claim 1,
A wind power generation device characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined by frequency analysis of accumulated data of wind speed measurement data. The wind power generation device according to claim 1,
A wind power generation device, wherein the degree of wind turbulence is determined from any one or more of parameters of the wind power generation device that vary according to changes in wind speed. The wind power generation device according to claim 4,
The parameters of the wind power generation device that vary according to changes in wind speed are any of the power generation output, blade pitch angle, generator torque, or rotor rotation speed recorded during operation of the wind power generation device. wind power generation equipment. The wind power generation device according to claim 3,
The wind power generation device is characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence uses an average value or a total value of frequency components within a specific range in a predetermined period obtained after frequency analysis of wind speed measurement data. A blade that generates lift by receiving wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates, a generator that converts the energy of rotation of the hub into electric power, and a generator that rotatably supports the hub and houses the generator. a tower that rotatably supports the nacelle, an adjustment device that adjusts the yaw of the nacelle based on a yaw control command, and a control device that determines the yaw control command that is sent to the adjustment device. A wind power generation method in a device, the method comprising:
The control device has a function of adjusting a nacelle rotation start threshold according to the degree of wind turbulence,
When the wind turbulence is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold is raised, and when the wind turbulence is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold is lowered,
When the wind turbulence is large, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set high, and when the average wind speed is high, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set lower, and when the wind turbulence is small, the nacelle rotation start threshold is set low, when the average wind speed is low. A wind power generation method characterized by raising and setting the wind power. The wind power generation method according to claim 7 ,
A wind power generation method characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined from a standard deviation of wind speeds in a predetermined period and an average value of wind speeds in a predetermined period. The wind power generation method according to claim 7 ,
A wind power generation method characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined by frequency analysis of accumulated data of wind speed measurement data. The wind power generation method according to claim 7 ,
A wind power generation method characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined from any one or more of parameters of the wind power generation device that vary according to changes in wind speed. The wind power generation method according to claim 10 ,
The parameters of the wind power generation device that vary according to changes in wind speed are any of the power generation output, blade pitch angle, generator torque, or rotor rotation speed recorded during operation of the wind power generation device. Wind power generation method. The wind power generation method according to claim 9 ,
The wind power generation method is characterized in that the degree of wind turbulence is determined by frequency-analyzing wind speed measurement data and then using an average value or a total value of frequency components within a specific range over a predetermined period.

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