JP7443358B2 - 神経活性ステロイドおよび調製の方法 - Google Patents
神経活性ステロイドおよび調製の方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7443358B2 JP7443358B2 JP2021522112A JP2021522112A JP7443358B2 JP 7443358 B2 JP7443358 B2 JP 7443358B2 JP 2021522112 A JP2021522112 A JP 2021522112A JP 2021522112 A JP2021522112 A JP 2021522112A JP 7443358 B2 JP7443358 B2 JP 7443358B2
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- pregnane
- rucl
- compound
- carbonate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 88
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 title description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
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- DUHUCHOQIDJXAT-OLVMNOGESA-N 3-hydroxy-(3-α,5-α)-Pregnane-11,20-dione Chemical compound C([C@@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1=O DUHUCHOQIDJXAT-OLVMNOGESA-N 0.000 claims description 58
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cymene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J lead(2+);tetraacetate Chemical compound [Pb+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- C07J7/0005—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms not substituted in position 21
- C07J7/001—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms not substituted in position 21 substituted in position 20 by a keto group
- C07J7/0015—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms not substituted in position 21 substituted in position 20 by a keto group not substituted in position 17 alfa
- C07J7/002—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms not substituted in position 21 substituted in position 20 by a keto group not substituted in position 17 alfa not substituted in position 16
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Description
である。
i)式(III)の11α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロン
を還元して式(IV)の11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5α-H-プレグナン
を提供するステップ、
ii)11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5α-H-プレグナンを酸化して式(II)の3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナン
を提供するステップをさらに含む。
[式中、R1は、CH3またはCH2OHまたはCH2OC(O)CH3である]
によって一般的に表される化合物の合成のための改善されたプロセスを提供する。
である。
高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)
HPLC分析は、純度99.8%を指し示す、ダイオードアレイ検出付きVarian1100シリーズHPLCで行った。分析は、SiliaChrom(登録商標)dtC18、5μm、100Å、4.6×250mmのカラムを用いて205および235nmで行い、溶離は、水中40%アセトニトリルから90%アセトニトリルの勾配系を使用し、1ml/分で26分間にわたって行った。試料は、英国薬局方に従い、ベタメタゾンを内部標準として使用して、0.2%(w/v)で調製した。
赤外線分光法は、ATRモジュールを備えた分光計で、4cm-1の分解能を使用して行った。スペクトルは、4000から600cm-1の間で記録した。
1H-および13C-核磁気共鳴測定は、Varian VNMRS機器で、それぞれ500MHzおよび125MHzならびに室温にて、内部標準なしでCDCl3を溶媒として使用して記録した。
実施例1から5に対応する代表的な合成を、以下のスキーム7に示す:
11α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロン(10)の11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5α-Hプレグナン(11)への水素化
11α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロン(10)(250.0g、756.5mmole)を、塩化メチレン(3.92L)およびトリエチルアミン(83ml、595.1mmole)に溶解した。触媒、5%Pd/CaCO3(22.50g、1.125gPd、0.5wt%)を添加し、10Lの反応器を、窒素/真空で4回、次いで、水素/真空で4回、交互にパージした。水素化を、100psiの水素および30℃で行った。非常に速い取り込みが24分間かけて起こり、続いて、より遅い取り込みが2時間かけて起こった。総取り込みは1.00当量の水素であると算出された。20℃に冷却し、窒素/真空でパージし、反応内容物を(塩化メチレンで洗浄しながら)容器内に出した後、3時間で内容物の後処理を行った。スラリーを濾過して、別の1Lの塩化メチレン洗浄液により触媒を除去した。全塩化メチレン濾液(5.3L)を、500mlの1.5M HClで、次いで、500mlの10%重炭酸カリウムで抽出した。2つの別個の水性層を1Lの塩化メチレンで再抽出した。最後の塩化メチレンを硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させ、濾過(および洗浄)し、真空濃縮乾固して、白色固体、wt.252.4gを得た。この材料を、MTBE(1.25L)により、50℃で2時間にわたって、次いで、20℃で1時間にわたって、スラリー化した。結晶性スラリーを濾過し、乾燥させて、173.66gの白色固体を得た。11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5H-プレグナンのHPLCアッセイは、0.548%の極性不純物、95.553%の所望の5α-H生成物および3.899%の5β-H生成物(5αH:5βHの96.08:3.92の比に対応する)を示した。
11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5α-H-プレグナン(11)の3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナン(12)への酸化
21℃のDCM(1L)中の11α-ヒドロキシ-3,20-ジケト-5α-H-プレグナン(100g、301mmol)硫酸水素テトラブチルアンモニウム(10g、30mmol)に、NaOCl.5H2O(87.9g、535mmol)を、小分けにして4.5時間かけて、温度を20から24℃の間に保ちながら添加した。反応物を12℃に冷却し、次いで、冷0.24M Na2S2O3(460ml)の添加によってクエンチした。層を分離し、水性層をDCM(300ml)で再抽出した。合わせた有機層をMgSO4(30g)およびシリカ(50g)で乾燥させ、濾過し、DCM(200ml)で洗浄した。濾液を部分的に濃縮して、410gの溶液とした。これを1kgのシリカカラムに装填し、DCM中2~20%EtOAcで溶離して、1Lの画分を収集した。より高純度の生成物画分を濃縮して固体(51g湿重量)とした。これを、MeCN(250ml)中、55℃で25分間にわたって粉砕し、次いで、28mlの溶媒を真空下で蒸留して、残留DCMを除去した。スラリーを0℃に冷却し、濾過し、冷MeCN(55ml)で洗浄して、白色固体(45.77g、1H-NMRにより純度約96%)を生じさせた。
3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナン(12)のアルファキサロン、3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン(13)への還元
3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナンおよび炭酸水素カリウムをエタノールに溶解し、脱酸素化し、次いで、RuCl[(S,S)-Tsdpen](p-シメン)を添加した。混合物を20時間にわたって56℃に加温した。混合物を濾過し、蒸発させて、粗製の3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオンを生じさせた。反応は、高い位置選択性(11および20ケトンの還元は検出されなかった)および3αOH:3βOHに対する約80:20の立体選択性で進んだ。この驚くべき結果は、保護基の必要性を取り除き、アルファキサロン(3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン)の全合成を簡略化した。
アルファキサロン、3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン(13)への3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナン(12)還元の最適化
3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナンのルテニウム触媒還元の最適化を行った(表1を参照)。いくつかのルテニウム触媒が、3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナンの位置選択的還元および/または立体選択的還元を提供した。RuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]が、最良の位置および立体選択性を提供した。メタノール中のKHCO3またはIPA中のK2CO3を使用すると、いずれも選択性がわずかに改善された。IPA中のK2CO3は、他の副産物の形成に関し、わずかによりクリーンな反応を提供した。
アルファキサロン、3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン(13)への3,11,20-トリケト-5α-H-プレグナン(12)還元のルテニウム還元
IPA(750ml)中の3,11,20-トリケト-プレグナン(151mmol)および炭酸カリウム(12.5g、90.6mmol)を、3×真空/窒素サイクルにより、19℃で脱酸素化した。RuCl[(S,S)-Tsdpen](p-シメン)(2.19g、3.44mmol)を添加し、追加の真空/窒素サイクルを実施した。混合物を16時間にわたって26から27℃に加温した(HPLCによってモニターした)。混合物を、マグネゾール(50g)、シリカ(50g)および炭素(1.7g)で、23℃に冷却しながら1時間にわたって処理し、次いで、IPAですすぎながら、セライトのパッドに通して濾過した。濾液を蒸発させ、残留物をヘプタンと共沸させて、粗製の3α/3β-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン(51.1g)を生じさせた。
アルファキサロンからのアルファドロンアセテート(14)およびアルファドロン(15)の合成
アルファキサロン(3α-ヒドロキシ-5α-プレグナン-11,20-ジオン)を、先に記述された、スキーム3において詳述されている通りの方法によって、アルファドロンアセテートおよびアルファドロンに合成してもよいと一般的に認識されている。
Claims (20)
- 還元が、式(I)の3α-ヒドロキシ:3β-ヒドロキシが80:20以上の立体選択性を提供する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- ルテニウム触媒が、RuCl(p-シメン)[(R,R)-Tsdpen]、RuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]、RuCl(メシチレン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]、RuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Fsdpen]およびRuCl[(S,S)-Ms-DENEB]からなる群から選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ルテニウム触媒が、RuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 式(II)の化合物を、有機溶媒中、炭酸塩と混合するステップを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 炭酸塩が、炭酸水素カリウムまたは炭酸カリウムである、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 有機溶媒が、エタノール、メタノールおよびイソプロピルアルコールからなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 有機溶媒が、イソプロピルアルコールである、請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- a.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸カリウムであり、有機溶媒がイソプロピルアルコールである;
b.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がエタノールである;
c.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(R,R)-Tsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がエタノールである;
d.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Fsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がエタノールである;
e.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl[(S,S)-Ms-DENEB]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がエタノールである;
f.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がメタノールである;または
g.ルテニウム触媒がRuCl(p-シメン)[(S,S)-Tsdpen]であり、炭酸塩が炭酸水素カリウムであり、有機溶媒がイソプロピルアルコールである;
請求項6に記載のプロセス。 - ステップi)における還元が、パラジウム触媒水素化である、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- パラジウム触媒が、Pd/CaCO3である、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 水素化が、有機溶媒をさらに含む、請求項12または13に記載のプロセス。
- 有機溶媒が、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロメタン/トリメチルアミン、またはジクロロメタン/トリエチルアミンである、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- ステップii)における酸化が、NaOClおよび相間移動触媒の添加を含む、請求項11から15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 相間移動触媒が、硫酸水素テトラブチルアンモニウムである、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- マルチグラムスケール、キログラムスケール、マルチキログラムスケールまたは工業スケールで実施される、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
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WO2011088503A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2011-07-28 | Goodchild Investments Pty Ltd | Anaesthetic formulation |
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SG11202012271VA (en) | 2021-01-28 |
ZA202100093B (en) | 2022-07-27 |
CN112384525A (zh) | 2021-02-19 |
US11472833B2 (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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EP3818068A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
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