JP7442409B2 - Motor copper coil recovery device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a motor copper coil recovery device, and more particularly to a recovery device for recovering copper material from an iron core that constitutes a stator of an electric motor.

An electric motor is composed of a stator, a rotor, a shaft of the rotor, a bearing, an end bracket and a frame as the outer shell of the motor, and the like. The stator has an iron core and a winding. The iron core has a cylindrical inner shape that is concentric with the rotor's rotation axis, and the winding is formed by winding copper wire around the iron core according to predetermined electrical specifications. has. In small electric motors, enamelled copper wire, which is a drawn copper wire coated with an enamel film, is used as the winding wire. In large electric motors such as Shinkansen travel motors, the central part of the stator in the axial direction has grooves parallel to the axial direction on the inner surface of the stator iron core (cylindrical shape concentric with the motor axis). A long and thin copper plate is fitted into this groove to function as a winding wire. In the stator of Shinkansen electric motors, 36 grooves are provided at equal angular (10 degree) intervals on the inner surface (axis side) of the stator iron core, and each groove functions as a part of the winding. A copper plate is fitted. The grooves of the stator and the copper plate are fixed with varnish.

When recycling a discarded electric motor, the value of the recovered product can be increased by separating and collecting each component. As for stators and rotors, if the iron core made of iron and the winding made of copper can be collected separately, the utility value can be increased. In particular, the windings are made of high-purity electrolytic copper and have high utility value.

Regarding a small electric motor that uses enamelled copper wire as a winding, Patent Document 1 discloses that a resin-molded rotor is immersed in an alkaline decomposition solution, and the resin mold is decomposed and disintegrated with an alkali, thereby removing at least the windings and the windings. Methods of separating metal elements of electromagnetic members such as iron cores have been considered. Patent Document 2 discloses a method for efficiently recovering high-purity copper from a winding made of enamelled copper wire.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-340661 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-25523

For small electric motors in which enamelled copper wire is used as the winding, a method for efficiently recovering copper has been disclosed as described above. On the other hand, in cases where a copper plate is fitted into grooves formed at equal angles on the inner surface of an iron core, such as the stator of a Shinkansen running motor, a method for efficiently separating the iron core and copper plate has been disclosed. Instead, they are transported overseas and disassembled by overseas dismantling companies, usually by hand and some using machines, and sorted by material.

The present invention is directed to an iron core of an electric motor, such as a stator of an electric motor, in which copper plates are arranged and fitted at equal angular intervals parallel to the axial direction of the iron core, concentrically around the axial center of the iron core, An object of the present invention is to provide a motor copper coil recovery device capable of recovering copper plates from the iron core of a motor.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[1] A motor copper coil recovery device for recovering copper plates parallel to the axial direction of the iron core and arranged concentrically and at equal angular intervals around the axial center of the iron core and fitted together. , the total number of the copper plates that the iron core has is called the "total number of copper plates",
comprising a mounting table on which the iron core is placed, and a punching machine for punching out the copper plate from the iron core,
At the time of punching out the copper plate from the iron core, the punching machine is movable in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the iron core placed on the mounting table (hereinafter referred to as the "pushing direction"), and It is rotatable around the axis of the iron core when viewed in the punching direction,
The punching machine has two or more pushing blades and less than half of the total number of copper plates, and the pressing blades are arranged concentrically around the rotation center of the punching machine, and the rotational position of the punching machine is adjusted. Accordingly, when viewed in the punching direction, the pushing blade can be located at a position corresponding to a placement position of one of the copper plates to be punched out,
The tip of the pushing blade in the punching direction is called the "pushing blade tip", and the position of the pushing blade tip in the punching direction in the punching machine is called the "pushing blade tip position". Regarding the positional difference, a "minimum positional difference" is determined in advance,
When viewed from each pushing blade, the positional difference in the pushing blade tip position with respect to other pushing blades is smaller than the minimum positional difference, and the number of such other pushing blades is 2 or less, and at least one pushing blade is pressed. The blade tip position has a positional difference with the pushing blade tip position of any other pushing blade that is greater than or equal to the minimum positional difference,
After placing the iron core on the mounting table, the punching machine is moved in the punching direction to punch out the copper plate corresponding to the placement position of the pushing blade, and after punching, the punching machine is moved. A motorized copper coil recovery device capable of moving in the opposite direction to the punching direction and rotating the punching machine so that the position of the pushing blade corresponds to the placement position of the copper plate to be punched next.
[2] The number of arranged copper plates fitted to the iron core is 36, and the angular interval of the copper plates is 10 degrees,
The motor copper coil recovery device according to [1], wherein the number of push blades arranged is any one of 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18.
[3] The number of the push blades arranged is 2, 3, 4, or 6,
[2] characterized in that, when viewed from each pushing blade, the number of other pushing blades whose positional difference in the tip position of the pushing blade with respect to other pushing blades is smaller than the minimum positional difference is 0. Motor copper coil recovery device as described.
[4] The motor copper coil recovery device according to [2] or [3], wherein the pushing blade is arranged rotationally symmetrically about the rotation center of the punching machine.
[5] The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the minimum positional difference is set in a range of 5 mm to 15 mm.
[6] The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the minimum positional difference is 5 mm.
[7] The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the iron core is a stator of an electric motor.

By using the motor copper coil recovery device of the present invention, in the stator of an electric motor, etc., a motor in which copper plates are arranged and fitted parallel to the axial direction of the iron core, concentrically and at equal angular intervals around the axial center of the iron core. When collecting the copper plate from the iron core, the push blade pushes down the copper plate and collects it, making it possible to collect the copper plate with less pressing force.

1 is a diagram showing a motor copper coil recovery device of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is a plan view taken along the line BB. 1 is a diagram showing a part of the motor copper coil recovery device of the present invention, (A) is a view taken along the line AA, (B) is a partial front view (before punching), and (C) is a partial front view (before punching). (D) is a plan view taken along the line DD. It is a figure showing the relationship between the punching machine and the core during punching, (A1) is a partial view of the punching machine at the initial stage of punching, (B1) is a partial view of the core after punching in (A1), ( A2) (B2) shows the second punching stage, and (A3) (B3) shows the ninth punching stage. It is a figure showing the relationship between the progress of punching and the punching force, (A) when punching was performed with one pressing blade, and (B) when punching was performed with four pressing blades of the present invention. This is the result when It is a figure which shows the pushing blade of this invention which has two pushing blades, (A) is a top view, and (B) is the expanded view which showed the outer periphery of a rotating head. It is a figure which shows the pushing blade of this invention which has three pushing blades, (A) is a top view, and (B) is the expanded view which showed the outer periphery of a rotating head. It is a figure which shows the pushing blade of this invention which has four pushing blades, (A) is a top view, (B) and (C) are the expanded views which showed the outer periphery of a rotating head. It is a figure which shows the pushing blade of this invention which has six pushing blades, (A) is a top view, (B), (C), and (D) are the views which expanded and showed the outer periphery of a rotating head.

As described above, the present invention relates to a stator of an electric motor, etc., in which copper plates are arranged and fitted in parallel to the axial direction of the iron core and concentrically and at equal angular intervals around the axial center of the iron core. The target is DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The motor copper coil recovery device of the present invention for recovering copper plates from the iron core of a motor will be described below, taking the case of a stator, particularly a stator of an electric motor for running a Shinkansen, as an example.

The stator of the electric motor for Shinkansen running has 36 grooves provided at equal angular (10 degree) intervals on the inner surface of the stator core in the central part of the stator in the axial direction. A copper plate is fitted that acts as part of the winding. 2(B) and 2(D) show that the iron core 11 of the stator 16 is further divided in the axial direction 17 at the central portion of the stator 16 in the axial direction 17. Thirty-six grooves 12 are provided at equal angular (10 degree) intervals on the inner surface 14 (surface on the axis 15 side) of the iron core 11 of the stator 16, and a copper plate 13 is fitted into each groove 12. The groove 12 of the iron core 11 and the copper plate 13 are fixed with varnish. On both sides of the stator in the axial direction (not shown), wiring is provided to form a coil by electrically connecting the linear copper plates arranged in the center of the axial direction. The wiring is connected to each end, forming a copper plate outer periphery connection coil. The total number of copper plates 13 that the iron core 11 has is called the "total number of copper plates."

When recovering copper from the stator of a motor, first, in the axial direction 17 of the stator, the central portion and both end portions of the stator in the axial direction 17 are cut. As a result of the cutting, an iron core 11 is obtained from which copper is to be recovered. The target core 11 is further cut into pieces along a cutting plane perpendicular to the axial direction 17. As shown in FIGS. 2(B) and 2(D), the iron core 11 has copper plates 13 arranged and fitted in parallel to the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 and concentrically and at equal angular intervals around the axis 15. . The copper plate outer peripheral connecting coil portions on both sides in the axial direction that are separated by cutting are basically composed of only copper wire, so they can be recycled as copper materials as they are.

The motor copper coil recovery device of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1 to 3. The motor copper coil recovery device includes a mounting table 6 on which the iron core 11 to be recovered is placed, and a punching machine 1 that pushes out the copper plate 13 from the iron core 11. When punching out the copper plate 13 from the iron core 11, the punching machine 1 is movable in a direction parallel to the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 placed on the mounting table 6 (pushing direction 31), and the It is possible to rotate around 32. When viewed in the punching direction 31, the rotation center 32 is located at the same position as the axis 15 of the iron core 11. Usually, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when punching out the copper plate 13 from the iron core 11, the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 placed on the mounting table 6 is vertical, and the punching direction 31 is also vertical. It is preferable to do so. Hereinafter, a case where the punching direction 31 is a vertical direction will be explained as an example. During punching, the punching machine 1 is placed above the mounting table 6.

The mounting table 6 is made horizontally movable, and there are two positions: a position where the iron core 11 is placed on the mounting table 6 (placing position) (not shown), and a position where the copper plate 13 is pushed out from the iron core 11 (pushing position) (not shown). 1) is preferably placed in a different position. As a result, the mounting table is moved to the mounting position, the iron core is placed using a crane, etc., the mounting table is then moved to the punching position, the copper plate is punched out from the iron core, and then the mounting table is moved to the loading position. It becomes easy to return the core and collect the iron core from which the copper plate has been punched out using a crane or the like.

As described above, when punching out the copper plate 13 from the iron core 11, the punching machine 1 can move in a direction parallel to the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 placed on the mounting table 6 (pushing direction 31). The iron core 11 is rotatable about the axis 15 of the iron core 11 as a rotation center 32 when viewed in the punching direction 31. (Seeing in the punching direction 31, the rotation center 32 is at the same position as the axis 15 of the iron core 11.) That is, when the mounting table 6 on which the iron core 11 is placed is in the punching position, the punching machine 1 It rotates about the axis 15 of the iron core 11 as the rotation center 32. Preferably, the punching machine 1 has a push-down mechanism 2 and a rotary head 3, and the push-down mechanism 2 is preferably constituted by a hydraulic press or the like, and is movable in the punching direction 31. A predetermined downward pressure is maintained when moving in the downward direction. A rotary head 3 attached to the push-down mechanism 2 rotates around a rotation center 32.

The punching machine 1 has two or more pressing blades 4 and less than half of the total number of copper plates, and the pressing blades 4 are arranged concentrically around the rotation center 32 of the punching machine 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the push blade 4 is arranged on the rotary head 3. FIG. 2 shows an example in which four push blades 4 are arranged. When viewed in the punching direction 31, the distance from the rotation center 32 of the punching machine 1 (which coincides with the axis 15 of the iron core 11) to the pushing blade 4 is the distance from the axis 15 of the iron core 11 to the groove 12. The cross-sectional shape of the pusher blade 4 is set to match the distance and allow the pusher blade 4 to pass through the groove 12. When the rotary head 3 is rotated and the position of the groove 12 of the iron core 11 and the position of the pusher blade 4 are aligned in the rotation direction (Fig. 2 (A), (B), and (D)), the puncher 1 is moved downward (in the push-down direction). ) (FIG. 2(C)), the pushing blade 4 descends in the groove 12, pushes down the copper plate 13 fitted in the groove 12, and can separate it downward and collect it.

When adopting the method of punching out the copper plate 13 of the iron core 11 using the push blades 4 installed in the punching machine 1 as in the present invention, the punching force is proportional to the number of the pressing blades 4 installed in the punching machine 1. If the number of push blades 4 is equal to the total number of copper plates 13 of the iron core 11 (total number of copper plates), it will be necessary to prepare a punching machine with a large punching force. In the present invention, as described above, the number of push blades 4 is less than half of the total number of copper plates, so the punching force of the punching machine can be reduced. The smaller the number of push blades, the further the punching force can be reduced.

For example, consider a case where the total number of copper plates is 36 and they are arranged at equal angles (10 degrees). If the number of push blades 4 is 18 and they are arranged at equal angles (20 degrees), 18 copper plates 13 are punched out in one punch, then the rotary head is rotated 10 degrees and the punch is pressed again. By punching out, the remaining 18 copper plates 13 can be punched out. If the number of push blades is four and they are arranged at equal angles (90 degrees) (see Figures 2 and 3), then four copper plates can be punched out in one punch (Figure 3 (A1)). (B1)), then rotate the rotary head 10 degrees and punch out again (Fig. 3 (A2) (B2)). By repeating this nine times, all the copper plates can be punched out (Fig. 3 (B1)). A3) (B3)). The minimum number of push blades 4 is two (see Figure 5), and by arranging the two push blades 4 at equal angles (180 degrees), the pressure of the push-down mechanism and the push blade during punching can be reduced. It becomes easier to balance the force with the resistance force.

Here, the necessary pushing force when pushing out the copper plate 13 fitted into the groove 12 of the iron core 11 with the pushing blade 4 will be explained. Let's take the case of the stator of the electric motor for running the Shinkansen as an example. The inner surface 14 of the iron core 11 of the stator 16 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.5 m, and 36 grooves 12 are formed concentrically at equal angular (10 degree) intervals, and a copper plate 13 is placed in each groove 12. They are fitted (see FIG. 2(D)). The length in the axial direction 17 of the central portion of the stator 16 in the axial direction 17 when the copper plate outer peripheral connection coil portions on both sides of the axial direction 17 are separated is about 240 mm.

Hereinafter, the core thickness of the iron core 11 used for punching is L, the minimum position difference is S _M , the maximum punching force at the initial stage of punching by one pushing blade is P _L , and the constant push force in the latter half of punching is reduced. Let the punching force be P _S , the maximum value of the total punching force in the punching machine be the total punching force maximum value P _TM , and the necessary punching stroke of the punching machine be S _T .

By pushing the copper plate 13 in the groove 12 in the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 (the longitudinal direction of the copper plate) with the pushing blade 4, the copper plate 13 is pushed out from the groove 12. Since the copper plate 13 is fixed in the groove 12, the greater the thickness of the core 11 in the axial direction 17 (core thickness L) during punching, the greater the required punching force. Here, the core 11 was cut into pieces so that the core thickness L was 120 mm and used as a punching target (see FIG. 2(D)), and the punching force was investigated.

In the test punching device, one pushing blade 4 was used, and the pushing blade 4 was pushed down at a constant speed in one groove 12, and the time course of the necessary punching force was investigated. The results are shown in FIG. 4(A). As is clear from Fig. 4(A), as the pushing down progresses (as the position of the pushing blade descends and the pushing distance on the horizontal axis in Fig. 4(A) increases), the punching force changes, and the pushing-out force changes. The punching force reaches its maximum (7T) (P _L ) at the early stage (when the punching distance is approximately 5 mm), and as the pushing blade continues to move downward and the punching distance increases, the punching force decreases. A constant punching force ( _PS ) of about 3T is achieved at a position of about 15 mm of movement distance from the start of punching, and from then on, the copper plate 13 moves within the groove 12 with the constant punching force ( _PS ), and the pressing continues. When the pushing distance of the blade 4 moved to the core thickness L (120 mm), the copper plate 13 could finally be removed from the groove 12.

Here, the tip of the pushing blade 4 in the punching direction 31 is named "pushing blade tip 21", and the position of the pressing blade tip 21 in the punching machine in the punching direction 31 is named "pushing blade tip position 22". The main feature of the present invention is that the pushing blade tip position 22 is not the same for all the pushing blades 4, but is different for each pushing blade 4. As will be explained in detail below, by varying the push blade tip position 22 for each push blade 4, it is possible to reduce the required punching force of the punch machine 1.

As mentioned above, when pushing out the copper plate 13 fitted into the groove 12 of the iron core 11 with the pushing blade 4, the pushing force (P _S ) reaches its maximum at the initial stage of pushing out, and the boosting pushing force decreases. Punching proceeds with a constant, reduced punching force ( _Ps ). If the pushing blade tip positions 22 of all the pushing blades 4 match, all the pushing blades 4 will have the maximum punching force (P _S ) at the same time, and the punching machine 1 needs to maintain a high punching force. be. On the other hand, the pushing blade tip position 22 of each pushing blade 4 is made different, and the pushing out force of one preceding pushing blade 4 is lowered by exceeding the maximum (P _S ), resulting in a constant pushing out force (P _{S )} . ), if the pushing force of the following pushing blade becomes the maximum (P _S ), the maximum value of the total pushing force at each time can be reduced, so it is maintained as a pushing machine. It becomes possible to suppress the punching force capacity to a low level.

Therefore, in the present invention, a "minimum positional difference S _M " is determined in advance for the positional difference S between the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the respective pushing blades 4. It is preferable that the minimum positional difference S _M is determined by taking into consideration the moving distance from the start of punching with the push blade 4 until the punching force reaches the maximum (P _S ). By making the positional difference S between the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the two pushing blades 4 equal to or greater than the minimum positional difference S _M , the maximum pushing force (P _S ) in the two pushing blades 4 will not occur at the same time. , the total punching force of the punching machine can be kept low.

Here, based on FIGS. 1 to 4 and 7, a case in which the number of push blades 4 is four (arranged at 90 degree intervals) will be specifically explained. In the case of the stator 16 of the electric motor for running the Shinkansen, the maximum push-out force (P _S ) reaches about 7T at a position of about 5 mm from the start of push-out, and then the push-out force starts to decrease until it reaches about 15 mm. A constant push-out force (P _S ) of about 3T was obtained at the position.

FIG. 7(A) is a plan view of the rotary head 3 in which four push blades 4 are arranged, and FIG. 7(B) is a developed view of the outer circumference of the rotary head 3. In FIG. 7(B), push blades (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are arranged at angles of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees, respectively. The pushing blade tip positions 22 of the four pushing blades 4 are made deeper in order from the pushing blade 4a to the pushing blade 4d, and the positional difference S of the pushing blade tip positions 22 between adjacent pushing blades is set as above. The value shall be larger than the minimum positional difference S _M (5 mm). 5, 6, and 8 are also the same as FIG. 7 except that the number of push blades 4 to be arranged is changed.

A punching machine 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) equipped with such a pushing blade 4 was used to punch out a copper plate 13 from an iron core 11 of a stator 16 of an electric motor for running a Shinkansen. The positional difference S between the pushing blade tip positions 22 was set to 50 mm, which is a larger value than the above-mentioned minimum positional difference S _M (5 mm). When the progress of punching and the transition of punching force were observed, the results shown in FIG. 4(B) (invention example) were obtained. The thick solid line in FIG. 4(B) shows the actual punching force with a punching machine equipped with four pressing blades. In FIG. 4(B), the four types of thin lines indicate the estimated punching force of the four push blades alone based on the results of FIG. 4(A). In the invention example, the punching force could be suppressed to 13T at maximum. When the maximum punching force (P _S ) (7T) is applied to the last of the four blades, one of the other three pressing blades has already completed punching, and the remaining two This is because the push blade had a low and constant push-out force (P _S ) (3T), so the total push-out force was within 13T.

As a comparative example, the transition of the punching force was investigated when the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the four pushing blades 4 were all the same. In the comparative example, a high punching force of 28T was required at the initial stage of punching. This is because the four pushing blades 4 required a high punching force (7T) at the same time.

In the case of a stator for an electric motor for running a Shinkansen, it is preferable to set the minimum positional difference _SM in the range of 5 mm to 15 mm. If the value is smaller than the minimum value in the range described on the left, the times at which the punching force at the initial stage of punching is at a maximum overlap in the plurality of pushing blades 4, and the total punching force may become excessive. If it is larger than the maximum value in the range described on the left, the punching force reduction effect is saturated, but the required punching stroke becomes excessive. It is preferable that the minimum positional difference _SM is 5 mm. It is more preferable that the minimum positional difference _SM is 15 mm.

As described above, the push blade tip positions 22 of all the installed push blades 4 are different, and the position difference S of the push blade tip positions 22 between the push blades 4 whose push blade tip positions 22 are close to each other is the minimum position difference. If it is S _M or more, it is preferable because the punching force capacity of the punching machine 1 can be reduced to the maximum. On the other hand, even if the pushing blade tip positions 22 of all the installed pushing blades 4 do not differ, by varying the pushing blade tip positions 22 within a certain range, the effects of the present invention can be enjoyed within the necessary range. be able to. This will be explained below.

Among the installed push blades 4, if the number of push blades whose push blade tip positions 22 are the same or almost the same is 3 or less, the comparison is made when the number of push blades 4 under the condition is 4 or more. As a result, the punching force capacity of the punching machine 1 can be suppressed to exhibit the effects of the present invention. More precisely, when viewed from each pushing blade 4, the positional difference S of the pushing blade tip position 22 with other pushing blades 4 is smaller than the minimum positional difference _SM , and the number of the other pushing blades 4 is 2. If it is below, the number of push blades 4 whose push blade tip positions 22 are the same or almost the same among the installed push blades 4 can be 3 or less.

However, when adopting the above conditions, the conditions may also be met if the total number of push blades 4 is 2 or 3, and if the push blade tip positions 22 of all push blades 4 are the same or almost the same. This deviates from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, in the present invention, the positional difference between the pushing blade tip position 22 of at least one pushing blade 4 and the pushing blade tip position 22 of any other pushing blade 4 is set to be equal to or greater than the minimum positional difference _SM . Added. Thereby, even if the total number of push blades is two or three, the case where the push blade tip positions 22 of all the push blades 4 are the same or almost the same can be excluded from the scope of the present invention.

As described above, in the case of the stator 16 of the electric motor for running the Shinkansen, the number of copper plates 13 fitted to the iron core 11 is 36, and the angular interval between the copper plates 13 is 10 degrees. In this case, it is preferable that the number of push blades 4 arranged is 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, or 18. The numbers shown on the left are all divisors of 36, the number of copper plates 13 arranged. The value obtained by dividing the number of copper plates 13 arranged (36) by the number of push blades 4 arranged becomes the number of repetitions of punching. For example, a case where four push blades 4 are arranged at equal angular (90 degree) intervals will be described based on FIG. 3. FIG. 3 (A1) shows the position of the push blade 4 during the first punching. In the first punching, four copper plates 13 are punched out, as shown in FIG. 3 (B1), and punching completion positions 33 are generated at four locations. Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (A2), the rotary head 3 is rotated clockwise by 10 degrees to perform the second punching. As a result of punching, the number of punching completion positions 33 increases as shown in FIG. 3 (B2). Repeat this 9 times. FIG. 3 (A3) shows the position of the pushing blade 4 during the ninth punching. As a result, all 36 copper plates 13 can be punched out, as shown in FIG. 3 (B3).

In addition to the above preferable conditions, the number of push blades 4 arranged is either 2, 3, 4, or 6, and when viewed from each push blade 4, the push blade tip position 22 with respect to other push blades 4 It is more preferable that the number of other pushing blades 4 whose positional difference S is smaller than the minimum positional difference _SM is zero. In other words, the condition on the left means that the positional difference S between the pusher blade tip positions 22 between any pusher blades 4 is larger than the minimum positional difference _SM . are never the same or almost the same, and the timings at which the punching forces increase during punching do not overlap, so the required punching force capacity of the punching machine 1 can be kept low. However, the required punching stroke _ST of the pusher blades 4 requires a distance obtained by multiplying (the number of pusher blades - 1) by the positional difference S plus the core thickness L. The reason why the number of push blades 4 is limited to 6 or less is that if the number is 6 or less, the required punching stroke _ST of the push blades can be avoided from becoming excessive.

In the above preferred embodiments in which the number of push blades 4 is 2 to 18, it is preferable that the push blades 4 are arranged rotationally symmetrically to the rotation center 32 of the punching machine. Thereby, it is possible to prevent an unbalance of the load applied to the push-down mechanism 2 at the time of pushing out.

When pushing out the copper plate 13 from the iron core 11 under the preferred conditions of the present invention as described above, preferred embodiments will be described below for each number of push blades 4 arranged.

In any of the following cases, the coefficient applied to P _S on the right side of the equation for calculating the maximum total punch-out force P _TM will never be larger than "L/S". This is because at the time when the "L/S super" set of push blades starts punching, the first set of push blades has completed punching out the copper plate. For example, when L = 120 mm and S = 50 mm, L/S = 2.4, so the coefficient on P _S on the right side of the formula for calculating P _TM is at most "2" (Note 1) .

<When the number of push blades is 2> (Push blades are placed at 180 degrees) (see Figure 5)
When the positional difference S between the pusher blade tip positions 22 of the two pusher blades 4 is greater than or equal to the minimum positional difference _SM , the maximum total push-out force _PTM is:
_PTM = P _L + P _S
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is,
S _T =L+S
becomes.
Two copper plates are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of 18 times.

<When the number of push blades is 3> (Push blades are placed at equal angles (120 degrees)) (see Figure 6)
As shown in FIG. 6(B), the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the three pushing blades 4 are all made to differ, and the positional difference S between adjacent ones is set to be greater than or equal to the minimum positional difference _SM . At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
_PTM = P _L +2P _S
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is,
S _T =L+2S
becomes.
Three copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed 12 times in total.

<When the number of push blades is 4> (Push blades are placed at equal angles (90 degrees)) (see Figure 7)
In the case where the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the four pushing blades 4 are all different (condition 1) (FIG. 7(B)), and when two pushing blades 4 are used as a set, each set has the pushing blade tip position 22 different. Let us consider the case (condition 2) (FIG. 7(C)) where they are the same, and the positional difference S between adjacent positions is set to 50 mm (minimum positional difference S _M or more). At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
P _TM = P _L +2P _S (condition 1) (see note 1 above)
P _TM =2P _L +2P _S (Condition 2)
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is
S _T =L+3S (Condition 1)
S _T =L+S (Condition 2)
becomes.
Four copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of nine times.

<When the number of push blades is 6> (Push blades are placed at equal angles (60 degrees)) (see Figure 8)
FIG. 8(B) shows a case (condition 1) in which the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the six pushing blades 4 are all different. FIG. 8(C) shows a case where two pushing blades 4 are used as a set, and each set has the same pushing blade tip position 22 (condition 2). The push blades 4a and 4d, 4b and 4e, and 4c and 4f are the same set. FIG. 8(D) shows a case where three pushing blades 4 are used as a set, and each set has the same pushing blade tip position 22 (condition 3). The push blades (4a, 4c, 4e) and (4b, 4d, 4f) are the same set. These three conditions are considered, and the positional difference S between adjacent positions is set to 50 mm (minimum positional difference _SM or more). At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
P _TM = P _L +2P _S (condition 1) (see note 1 above)
P _TM =2P _L +4P _S (Condition 2)
P _TM =3P _L +3P _S (Condition 3)
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is,
S _T =L+5S (Condition 1)
S _T =L+2S (Condition 2)
S _T =L+S (Condition 3)
becomes. Condition 1 is the maximum total punching force P _TM is the minimum but the required punching stroke _ST is the maximum, Condition 3 is the maximum total punching force P _TM is the maximum but the required punching stroke _ST is the minimum, and Condition 2 is It is between the two.
Six copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of six times.

<When the number of push blades is 9> (Push blades are placed at equal angles (40 degrees)) (not shown)
Consider the case where nine pushing blades 4 are made into a set of three, and the pushing blade tip positions 22 are the same in each set, and the positional difference S between adjacent ones is set to 50 mm (minimum positional difference S _M or more). . At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
P _TM =3P _L +6P _S (see note 1 above)
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is
S _T =L+2S
becomes.
Nine copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of four times.

<When the number of push blades is 12> (Push blades are arranged at equal angles (30 degrees)) (not shown)
We considered a case in which 12 pushing blades 4 were made into a set of 3 (4 sets in total), and the pushing blade tip positions 22 were the same in each set, and the positional difference S between adjacent ones was set at 50 mm (minimum positional difference S _M or above). At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
P _TM =3P _L +6P _S (see note 1 above)
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is,
S _T =L+3S
becomes.
Twelve copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of three times.

<When the number of push blades is 18> (Push blades are arranged at equal angles (20 degrees)) (not shown)
We considered a case where 18 push blades 4 were made into a set of 3 (total 6 sets), and the push blade tip positions 22 were the same in each set, and the position difference S between adjacent ones was set to 50 mm (minimum position difference S _M or above). At this time, the maximum total punching force _PTM is
P _TM =3P _L +6P _S (see note 1 above)
Therefore, the required punching stroke _ST is,
S _T =L+5S
becomes.
Eighteen copper plates 13 are punched out in one punching operation, and thereafter, the angle of the rotary head 3 is changed by 10 degrees, and punching is performed a total of two times.

《Comprehensive evaluation》
The embodiments of the present invention in which the number of push blades 4 is varied from 2 to 18 have been described above. As is clear from these results, as the number of push blades 4 is increased, the number of repetitions of punching is reduced and the processing time is shortened, while the total punching force maximum value P _TM increases and therefore It becomes necessary to increase the pressing force capacity of the mechanism 2, and the required punching stroke _ST increases at the same time. Further, as the number of push blades having the same push blade tip position 22 increases, the required punch stroke _ST decreases, but the total maximum punch force value _PTM increases. The optimal combination can be found depending on which of the processing time, the maximum total punching force P _TM , and the necessary punching stroke _ST is considered important.

In addition, the smaller the core thickness L of the core 11 used for punching, the smaller the punching forces P _L and P _S become, so the total punching force maximum value P _TM becomes smaller, and the required push of the punching machine decreases. While the punching stroke _ST also becomes smaller, in order to reduce the core thickness L during punching, it becomes necessary to increase the number of pieces of the core 11 to be divided, which increases the total processing time. It is preferable to take these points into consideration and determine the optimum value for the core thickness L during punching.

The rotation angle adjustment of the rotary head 3 will be explained. Before starting the punching process, the groove position (angle) of the iron core 11 placed on the mounting table 6 and the position (angle) of the push blade 4 installed on the rotary head 3 match when viewed in the punching direction 31. I need to be there. The method of adjusting the position of the groove 12 of the iron core 11 placed on the mounting table 6 to a predetermined angular position, and the method of adjusting the rotation angle of the rotary head 3 without particularly adjusting the position of the groove 12 of the iron core 11. It is possible to adopt any method of matching the position of the groove 12. After starting the punching process, when punching is repeated and the copper plate 13 is recovered, the rotary head 3 is rotated at a predetermined angle (for example, 10 degrees) to match the position of the copper plate 13 to be punched out next. Regarding the angle adjustment of the rotary head 3, both the angle adjustment to align the position of the groove 12 of the iron core 11 and the position of the push blade 4 before the start of the punching process, and the rotation at a constant angle when repeatedly punching are performed. It can be adjusted using a servo mechanism. Alternatively, when rotating the rotary head 3 at a predetermined angle (for example, 10 degrees), the rotation mechanism of the rotary head 3 is provided with notches at a pitch of 10 degrees, and the rotation angle can be controlled at a pitch of 10 degrees by a combination of the notch and the plunger. You can go. In this case, a separate adjustment mechanism (for example, a manual adjustment mechanism) will be provided for angle adjustment to align the position of the groove 12 of the iron core 11 with the position of the pusher blade 4 before starting the punching process.

In a stator 16 of an electric motor for running a Shinkansen, a groove 12 of the stator 16 and a copper plate 13 are fixed with varnish. Prior to punching out the copper plate 13, the stator 16 may be heated and the varnish coating may be heated and carbonized to reduce the punching force.

The present invention was applied when recovering a copper plate 13 from an iron core 11 of a stator 16 of an electric motor for running a Shinkansen. In this case, the inner surface 14 of the iron core 11 of the stator 16 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.5 m, and 36 grooves 12 are formed concentrically at equal angular (10 degree) intervals. A copper plate 13 is fitted. The length in the axial direction 17 of the central portion of the stator 16 in the axial direction 17 when the copper plate outer peripheral connection coil portions on both sides of the axial direction 17 are separated is 240 mm. The core 11 was cut into pieces so that the core thickness L was 120 mm and was then subjected to punching (FIGS. 1 and 2). The minimum positional difference _SM was determined to be 5 mm with reference to the results of a prior punch-out force evaluation test.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the punching machine 1 includes a push-down mechanism 2, a rotary head 3, and a mounting table 6. The iron core 11 to be punched out is placed on the mounting table 6, and the axial direction 17 of the iron core 11 is the vertical direction. The push-down mechanism 2 has a maximum pushing force of 30T and a pushing stroke of 300 mm. The rotary head 3 is rotatable about a rotation center 32, and the rotation axis is in the vertical direction. When performing punching, the rotation center 32 of the rotary head 3 and the axis 15 of the iron core 11 are at the same position in plan view. The rotary head 3 is provided with a total of 36 push blade installation grooves (not shown) in which the push blades 4 are installed at equal angular (10 degree) intervals around the rotation axis. When the core 11 is placed on the mounting table 6 and the mounting table 6 is placed at the punching position, when the pusher blade 4 is installed in the pusher blade installation groove and the rotary head 3 is lowered, the installed pusher blade 4 will just touch the core. 11 into the groove 12 (in which the copper plate 13 is fitted).

Since a total of 36 push blade installation grooves are provided, the number of push blades 4 installed in the push blade installation grooves can be set to 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, or 18. In either case, it is preferable that the push blade 4 is arranged rotationally symmetrically to the rotation center 32 of the puncher 1. In this embodiment, the number of push blades 4 installed is four, and they are arranged rotationally symmetrically at equal angles (90 degrees) about the rotation center 32 (see FIGS. 2, 3, and 7). Further, the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the four pushing blades 4 are set to different pushing blade tip positions 22, and the positional difference S between the pushing blade tip positions 22 that are close to each other is 50 mm (the minimum positional difference S defined above). _M (5 mm) or more) (see FIG. 7(B)).

The punching machine 1 equipped with such a pushing blade 4 was used to punch out the copper plate 13 of the stator 16 of the electric motor for running the bullet train. The results were as described above, and when the progress of punching and the transition of the punching force were observed, the results shown by the thick line in FIG. 4(B) (invention example) were obtained. As a comparative example, the transition of the punching force was investigated when the pushing blade tip positions 22 of the four pushing blades 4 were all the same. In the comparative example, a high punching force of 28T was required at the initial stage of punching. On the other hand, in the invention example, the punching force could be suppressed to 13T at maximum.

1 Pushing machine 2 Pushing down mechanism 3 Rotating head 4 Pushing blade 6 Mounting table 11 Iron core 12 Groove 13 Copper plate 14 Inner surface 15 Axial center 16 Stator 17 Axial direction 21 Pushing blade tip 22 Pushing blade tip position 31 Punching direction 32 Center of rotation 33 Push-out completion position L Iron core thickness S Position difference between push blade tip positions S _M minimum position difference S _T Required push-out stroke P _TM Maximum total push-out force

Claims (7)

A motor copper coil recovery device for recovering copper plates that are parallel to the axial direction of the iron core and arranged concentrically and at equal angular intervals around the axis of the iron core and fitted together from the iron core of the motor, the apparatus comprising: The total number of copper plates possessed by is referred to as the "total number of copper plates",
comprising a mounting table on which the iron core is placed, and a punching machine for punching out the copper plate from the iron core,
At the time of punching out the copper plate from the iron core, the punching machine is movable in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the iron core placed on the mounting table (hereinafter referred to as the "pushing direction"), and It is rotatable around the axis of the iron core when viewed in the punching direction,
The punching machine has two or more pushing blades and less than half of the total number of copper plates, and the pressing blades are arranged concentrically around the rotation center of the punching machine, and the rotational position of the punching machine is adjusted. Accordingly, when viewed in the punching direction, the pushing blade can be located at a position corresponding to a placement position of one of the copper plates to be punched out,
The tip of the pushing blade in the punching direction is called the "pushing blade tip", and the position of the pushing blade tip in the punching direction in the punching machine is called the "pushing blade tip position". Regarding the positional difference, a "minimum positional difference" is determined in advance,
When viewed from each pushing blade, the positional difference in the pushing blade tip position with respect to other pushing blades is smaller than the minimum positional difference, and the number of such other pushing blades is 2 or less, and at least one pushing blade is pressed. The blade tip position has a positional difference with the pushing blade tip position of any other pushing blade that is greater than or equal to the minimum positional difference,
After placing the iron core on the mounting table, the punching machine is moved in the punching direction to punch out the copper plate corresponding to the placement position of the pushing blade, and after punching, the punching machine is moved. A motorized copper coil recovery device capable of moving in the opposite direction to the punching direction and rotating the punching machine so that the position of the pushing blade corresponds to the placement position of the copper plate to be punched next. The number of arranged copper plates fitted to the iron core is 36, and the angular interval of the copper plates is 10 degrees,
The motor copper coil recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the number of push blades arranged is any one of 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18. The number of the push blades arranged is one of 2, 3, 4, and 6,
According to claim 2, when viewed from each pushing blade, the number of other pushing blades having a positional difference in the tip position of the pushing blade with respect to other pushing blades that is smaller than the minimum positional difference is 0. Motor copper coil recovery device as described. The motor copper coil recovery device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pushing blade is arranged rotationally symmetrically about the rotation center of the punching machine. The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the minimum positional difference is set in a range of 5 mm to 15 mm. The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the minimum positional difference is 5 mm. The motor copper coil recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the iron core is a stator of an electric motor.

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