JP7442197B2 - Water intake device with water splash prevention guide - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a water intake device for efficiently taking in surface water from rivers and irrigation canals in water supply facilities, hydroelectric power generation facilities, and the like that require water.

In order to take in river water and supply it as tap water, etc., a water intake screen is installed diagonally downward toward the downstream side at the top opening of the box-shaped body as a device for taking in surface water from water sources such as rivers and irrigation canals. A water intake device mounted on a slope is provided by the present applicant, and this water intake device is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 (see Patent Document 1). FIG. 6 is an external perspective view, and as shown in FIG. 7, this water intake device 30 is installed at an intake weir 40, and the surface water of the river that has overflowed the intake weir 40 is taken in from the inflow receiving plate 33, and the water intake device 30 is installed at the intake weir 40. When flowing down the surface of the water intake screen 32, the water that passes through the water intake screen 32 is taken into the box-shaped device main body 31, and debris such as fallen leaves and dirt that is larger than the opening of the water intake screen 32 does not pass through the water intake screen 32. Since dust is removed by flowing downstream together with the water (surplus water) that is not taken into the water intake screen 32, there is very little clogging due to dust, and a stable water intake amount can be ensured. In addition, when the flow velocity of surface water increases due to a significant increase in water levels in rivers and irrigation canals, a surface water jumping phenomenon occurs, and the surface water jumps over the water intake screen 32 and flows downstream, becoming surplus water and increasing the amount of water intake. In order to prevent water intake from decreasing, a water splash prevention guide 34 is attached to the water intake device 30 to prevent the water splash phenomenon and prevent a decrease in water intake.

However, as shown in the side view of FIG. 8, the water splash prevention guide 34 is attached so as to partially cover the inflow receiving plate 33 and the water intake screen 32, and the gap between the two is approximately from upstream to downstream. They are arranged so that they are constant or spread out slightly, and only the surface water that has flowed into the gap between the water splash prevention guide 34 and the inflow receiving plate 33 is taken into the device from the water intake screen 32 and taken in as a water flow 38 from the water conduit pipe 37. Ru. Therefore, when the water increases and the water depth at the inflow receiving plate 33 increases, the surface water that has overcome the water splash prevention guide 34 flows down, increasing the amount of surplus water. In addition, it is easy for boulders to get caught in the gap between the water splash prevention guide 34 and the inflow receiving plate 33, and driftwood to get caught, and a portion of the water intake screen 32 where surface water is not guided is created, resulting in a decrease in water intake. . Embedded boulders and caught driftwood cannot be easily removed, and removal work in rivers where footing is slippery is dangerous.

In addition, the water jump prevention guide 34 is installed from the inlet receiving plate 33 to the water intake screen 32 in order to ensure the necessary amount of water intake even when the flow velocity of surface water increases due to increased water or the water depth above the inflow receiving plate 33 increases. The width is set to cover the upper part of the body by a certain amount from both sides toward the center. In this case, if the width of the water splash prevention guide 34 is increased in order to secure the amount of water intake, the dimension from the side plate 35 to which it is attached and fixed will become longer, the mechanical strength will decrease, and if a large boulder hits it directly, it will deform and prevent water splash. It becomes impossible to maintain an appropriate distance between the guide 34 and the inflow receiving plate 33, and furthermore, boulders are more likely to get caught. Therefore, the total width of the device is limited, and if you try to increase the area of the water intake screen 32 to create a device with a large intake amount, the dimensions of the water intake screen 32 have to be extended in the water flow direction, and the height of the device Therefore, it is necessary to increase the height of the water intake weir 40 to be installed. If the height of the intake weir 40 is increased, the river water level on the upstream side of the intake weir 40 will rise, which will also affect construction costs such as the need for extra bank protection work.

The inside of the upstream part (first half part) of the water splash prevention guide 34 that covers the inflow receiving plate 33 is used to gather foreign objects such as fallen leaves and driftwood mixed into the river surface water to the center and wash them away with the force of the surface water. The tapered part is formed by cutting off the part diagonally. If you try to increase the length of this part of the splash prevention guide 34 in the flow direction of surface water in order to improve the efficiency of washing away foreign substances, the front and rear dimensions of the entire device in the water flow direction will become longer, and the water intake will become longer. The need to thicken the embankment of the intake weir 40 where the device 30 is installed increases the construction cost of the intake weir, and in addition, the weight of the device increases, making it difficult to access roads in mountainous areas where heavy machinery cannot enter. This also leads to increased costs for transporting and installing the equipment, such as making it difficult to transport the equipment to the site and install it at the intake weir.

Patent No. 3075928

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem of the water splash prevention guide in the conventional water intake device in which the water intake screen is attached to the upper opening of the box-like body with a downward slope toward the downstream side. To provide a water intake device equipped with a water jump prevention guide capable of reducing surplus water and securing water intake without getting caught in driftwood or driftwood, and without increasing the size of the device.

The water intake device of the present invention has a water intake screen installed diagonally backward in a surface opening, and a continuous inflow receiving plate above the water intake screen configured on both left and right sides of a box-shaped main body. A water splash prevention guide having a water splash prevention surface is installed on each of the side plates above both left and right ends of the inflow receiving plate or water intake screen, and the water splash prevention surface prevents surface water flowing in from the inflow receiving plate from splashing. The water intake device is configured such that surface water is taken in from the water intake screen, and each of the water splash prevention surfaces has a mutual interval with the surface of the inflow receiving plate or the water intake screen such that the surface water is taken in from the surface water intake screen. In the inflow direction of the surface water , the water splash prevention guide is arranged at an angle that narrows toward the downstream side , and in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of the surface water, it is arranged so as to protrude inward at an angle that becomes wider inward. It is characterized by being installed.

It is preferable that the angle at which the interval narrows toward the downstream is 30° or less, and the angle at which it widens toward the inside is 60° or less. Preferably, the water splash prevention guide has a shape of a triangular prism with a right triangle bottom, and the side surface including the oblique side of the bottom surface is a water splash prevention surface, and the water intake screen is preferably a wedge wire screen.

In the water splash prevention guide of the present invention, when the water depth on the inflow receiving plate increases due to rising water, the water flow collides with the water splash prevention surface of the water splash prevention guide, and the surface water that attempts to leave the inflow receiving plate is directed inward and diagonally downward. The water that flows inwards away from the left and right water splash prevention guides and does not hit the water splash prevention surface is also dragged in, while preventing the surface water from leaving the water intake screen, and the surface water is guided onto the water intake screen and taken into the device. Therefore, in the water splash prevention guide of the present invention, water splash prevention surfaces with a smaller width are placed only on both sides of the inflow receiving plate and water intake screen compared to conventional water splash prevention guides, thereby effectively suppressing water splash. This allows efficient water intake without increasing the size of the water intake device. Since the water splash prevention surfaces are arranged on both sides of the inflow receiving plate or water intake screen, the spacing between the water splash prevention surface and the surface of the inflow receiving plate or water intake screen is such that in the direction of inflow of surface water, Although they are arranged so that they become narrower towards the water flow direction , they are arranged so that they become larger towards the inside when viewed at right angles to the direction of water flow, so that even if driftwood or boulders get in, they will be pushed inward by the water flow, preventing them from being bitten. There are no.

As described above, the water intake device of the present invention can reduce costs and installation construction costs without increasing the size of the device by installing a small but efficient water jump guide. Furthermore, the removal work and repair work due to driftwood and boulders can be reduced, the maintenance cost of the equipment can be reduced, and the water intake equipment can provide stable water intake.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a water intake device of the present invention. A perspective explanatory view of an example in which a water intake device is installed on a dam. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of a splash prevention surface in the inflow direction of surface water, and the surfaces of a flowing water receiving plate and a water intake screen. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of a water splash prevention surface and a water intake screen surface in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction. An explanatory diagram of the splash prevention effect of surface water by the splash prevention guide. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a water intake device equipped with a conventional water splash prevention guide. A perspective explanatory view of an example in which a conventional water intake device is installed on a dam. FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of a conventional water splash prevention guide and the surfaces of a water receiving plate and a water intake screen. An explanatory diagram of the splash prevention effect of surface water using a conventional water splash prevention guide.

FIG. 1 shows a water intake device 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the water intake device 1 installed at a water intake weir 40. Similar to the conventional water intake device shown in FIG. The surface water of the river that has overflowed the water intake screen 40 is taken in through the inflow receiving plate 3, and while flowing down the surface of the water intake screen 2, the water that has passed through the water intake screen 2 is taken into the box-shaped device main body 31.

The water splash prevention guide 4 of the water intake device 1 is a triangular prism with a right triangle bottom, and the side surface including the hypotenuse of the bottom is the water splash prevention surface 5. It is installed on the left and right side plates 6 above the connection part with the inflow receiving plate 3 which is installed continuously on the upstream side, or on both left and right sides in the vicinity thereof. In this device, the splashing of surface water flowing in from the inflow receiving plate 3 is prevented by the splashing prevention surfaces 5 of the installed left and right splashing prevention guides 4, and the flow of surface water is directed toward the surface of the water screen 2. It is configured to take in running water. The splash prevention guide 4 is attached to the left and right side plates 6 above both the left and right ends of the inflow receiving plate 3 or the water intake screen 2, but in order to efficiently direct the flow of surface water to the surface of the water screen 2, It is preferable to install it above the connection between the inflow receiving plate 3 and the water intake screen 2 or in the vicinity thereof. The splash prevention surface 5 is arranged at an angle such that the distance between the water splash prevention surface 5 and the inflow receiving plate 3 or the water intake screen 2 narrows toward the downstream in the direction of inflow of surface water, and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of inflow of surface water. Here , the splash prevention guide 4 is installed so as to protrude inward at an angle that becomes wider toward the inside .

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the mutual arrangement of the splash prevention surface 5 and the surface of the inflow receiving plate 3 or the water intake screen 2 in the inflow direction of surface water. In this case, it is arranged at an angle with the surface of the inflow receiving plate 3 or the water intake screen 2 so that the distance becomes narrower toward the downstream . The X direction shown in FIG. ₃ is the inflow direction of surface water, and the dashed line X ₁ They are arranged at an angle a with the surface, with the distance becoming narrower toward the downstream. The angle a is preferably 30° or less, and the length L of the splash prevention surface 5 in the X direction, which is the inflow direction of surface water, is 1/2 to 1/2 of the length of the water intake screen 2 in the X direction. Preferably, the length is 10.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the mutual arrangement of the left and right water splash prevention surfaces 5 and the surface of the water intake screen 2 in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of surface water. It is arranged so as to protrude inward from the surface at an angle b where the distance becomes wider toward the inside. The Y direction shown in FIG. 4 is a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of surface water, and the dashed line Y ₁ Y ₂ indicates a plane parallel to the water intake screen 2, and the left and right splash prevention surfaces 5 are parallel to this parallel plane. and are arranged so as to protrude in the direction in which the distance becomes wider at angle b . The angle b is preferably 60° or less, and the width d of the water splash prevention plate 5 protruding in the direction perpendicular to the inflow direction is 1/5 to 1/20 of the width D of the water intake screen 2. It is preferable.

The water splash prevention surface 5 in the water splash prevention guide 4 of the present invention prevents surface water that has tried to leave the inflow receiving plate 3 onto the water intake screen 2 even when the water depth on the inflow receiving plate 3 increases due to water increase as described above. It works to prevent water splashing by guiding it into the device. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the action of this water splash prevention surface 5, and FIG. 9 is an illustration of the action of the conventional water splash prevention guide 34. In both figures, (a) is an explanatory top view, (c) is an explanatory side view, and (b) and (d) are explanatory front views as seen from the upstream side to the downstream side. In either case, the surface water that reaches the surfaces of the inflow receiving plates 3, 33, which are sandwiched between the side plates 6, 35 at both ends, flows down along the surfaces of the inflow receiving plates 3, 33, and flows down the intake screen. 2.32 and is taken into the device. On the other hand, surface water whose flow velocity has increased due to a significant increase in water due to heavy rain, etc. leaves the surface of the inflow receiving plates 3, 33, jumps over the intake screen 2.32, flows downstream, becomes surplus water, and is taken into the equipment. It disappears. In the conventional water intake device 30 shown in FIG. 9, only the surface water _A2 that has flowed into the gap between the water splash prevention guide 34 and the inflow receiving plate 33 is able to escape by changing the flow direction downward by the water splash prevention guide 34. is held down and taken into the water intake screen 32 device. However, the surface water _B2 that flows down between the left and right water splash prevention guides 34 or over the water splash prevention guides 34 jumps over the water intake screen 32 and leaves, becoming surplus water _C2 .

On the other hand, in the water intake device 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. The surface water A ₁ collides with the surface water A 1 , the flow direction of the surface water A ₁ is changed inward and diagonally, and the surface water A ₃ that does not directly collide with the splash prevention surface is also caught up and flows onto the surface of the water intake screen 2 . Except for some surface water B ₁ flowing through the center becoming surplus water C ₁ , it is taken into the device without leaving the surface of the water intake screen 2 .

As described above, although the water splash prevention guide of the present invention is smaller in size than conventional water splash prevention guides, it is able to prevent surface water from splashing during high water levels and guide surface water onto the intake screen. . Therefore, the water intake device of the present invention can reduce costs and installation construction costs without increasing the size of the device, and furthermore, the size and shape of the water splash prevention guide prevents driftwood, boulders, etc. from getting caught. This reduces the amount of removal work and repair work required, reduces equipment maintenance costs, and provides a water intake device that can take stable water at low cost.

The water splash prevention guide is not limited to the triangular prism as explained above, but is not particularly limited in shape as long as it has a water splash prevention surface that can be installed to meet the above conditions, and can be shaped not only as a pyramid or a polyhedron but also as a triangular prism. It may be a member having an L-, T-, or V-shaped cross section whose outer surface is the splash-preventing surface, or a shape in which the back side of the splash-preventing surface is supported by a support. Furthermore, the water splash prevention surface may be not only a flat surface but also a curved surface.

The water intake screen attached to the water intake device is a wedge wire screen, and the wire bars that make up the screen are arranged parallel or perpendicular to the water flow direction, but preferably arranged orthogonally, and are used for the water intake screen. It is preferable that the wire bar has a triangular cross section and is arranged so that the base of the triangle corresponds to the screen surface.

1 Water intake device 2 Water intake screen 3 Inflow receiving plate 4 Water splash prevention guide 5 Water splash prevention surface 6 Side plate 7 Rear plate 30 Water intake device (conventional) 31 Device body (conventional)
32 Water intake screen 33 Inflow receiving plate 34 Water splash prevention guide (conventional) 35 Side plate (conventional)
36 _{Rear plate} 37 _{Conveyance pipe} 38 Conduction flow ₄₀ Intake _weir

Claims (4)

A water intake screen is installed diagonally backward at the top opening, and a continuous inflow receiving plate is installed diagonally backward above the intake screen. A splash prevention guide having a prevention surface is installed above both left and right ends of the inflow receiving plate or water intake screen, and prevents splashing of surface water flowing in from the inflow receiving plate with the splash prevention surface, while preventing surface water from flowing from the water intake screen. A water intake device configured to take in surface water, wherein each of the splash prevention surfaces has a mutual interval with the surface of the inflow receiving plate or the water intake screen such that in the direction of inflow of surface water , The water splash prevention guide is disposed at an angle that becomes narrower toward the surface , and protrudes inward at an angle that becomes wider toward the inner side in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of the surface water, and the water splash prevention guide is installed. water intake device. 2. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein the angle at which the interval narrows toward the downstream is 30° or less, and the angle at which the interval widens toward the inside is 60° or less. 3. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein the water splash prevention guide has a shape of a triangular prism with a right triangle bottom, and a side surface including the oblique side of the bottom surface is a water splash prevention surface. The water intake device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water intake screen is a wedge wire screen.

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