JP7429906B2 - Wall panel mounting structure and reinforced earth wall construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wall panel mounting structure and a method for constructing a reinforced earth wall.

Conventionally, reinforced earth walls have been constructed using the reinforced earth wall construction method as an alternative to block retaining walls and concrete retaining walls. There are many types of reinforced earth wall construction methods depending on the type of reinforcing material and wall construction, but for example, when constructing a geotextile reinforced earth wall, a steel frame is filled with earth and sand (embankment) and installed in a stepped manner. By laying a planar geotextile made of a polymeric material as a reinforcing material in the embankment, an earth retaining structure consisting of a near-vertical wall with a steeper slope than a typical stable slope will be constructed.

Reinforced earth walls of the inclined wall type constructed in this manner are generally covered with greenery. However, due to maintenance constraints such as the high cost of weed control, there are strong demands not to green the reinforced earth walls. If wall greening is not performed, the following techniques may be considered.

(1) Installation of concrete blocks It is possible to install concrete blocks in front of the steel frame filled with embankment, or in place of the steel frame. However, when lifting concrete blocks that are difficult to lift manually, a lifting machine such as a crane is required, which poses problems such as increased costs and the need to secure a place to install the lifting machine. In addition, there was a problem in that there was a risk that the concrete block would topple or fall when it was installed, or that it would collapse when backfilling the back of the block with soil, so countermeasures were needed.

(2) Placing concrete A wall panel is installed as a remaining formwork in front of the steel frame filled with embankment, concrete is poured between the wall panel and the steel frame, and the concrete is hardened in front of the steel frame. It is possible to cover the area with concrete and wall panels. At this time, it is necessary to weld through a separator as a means for connecting and fixing the wall panel to the steel frame. However, welding the separator directly to the steel frame is not allowed because it would result in a cross-sectional loss of the steel frame, which is the structural material of the reinforced earthen wall.

For this reason, it is necessary to install braces such as anchor reinforcing bars in front of the steel frame, construct a separate base material such as angle materials or deformed steel bars, and then weld and fix the wall panel to the base material via sepa. There was a problem that the number of work hours increased, the construction period became longer, and this became a factor in increasing the construction cost. Additionally, depending on how the wall panels are installed, such as staggered arrangement or random stacking, the placement of the base material differs, which requires skill in preparatory construction planning and construction management, creating a problem of heavy burden on the construction manager. .

(3) Installation of weed control sheets It is possible to install weed control sheets instead of vegetation sheets. However, since the weed control sheet needs to be installed within a steel frame, there is a problem in that if the weed control sheet deteriorates due to ultraviolet rays or the like, it is difficult to replace or repair it.

(4) Direct joining of wall panels It is possible to mechanically join and fix the wall panels directly to the steel frame with bolts or the like. However, in an environment where rainwater seeps into bolts, etc., there are concerns about long-term durability, and the embankment and steel frame bulge outward and deform due to compaction, etc., and this deformation is transmitted to the wall panels. There is a problem that the wall panel may collapse. In other words, since the front position of the steel frame is displaced following the deformation of the embankment, it has been difficult to directly join the wall panel to the steel frame.

In short, in the past, instead of directly joining the wall panel to the steel frame, as mentioned in (2) Concrete pouring, the welding position of the sepa was adjusted on-site and the wall panel was attached to the steel frame. We had no choice but to fix it by welding. However, joining by welding requires workers with highly specialized welding skills, which not only increases costs, but also requires strict safety management such as firearm management. was there.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 1, a slope S of soil is covered with a water permeable mat 3, an anchor 4 is driven into the slope S to fix the water permeable mat 3, a foundation part B is constructed, and a pillar material 2 is installed. A leaning type retaining wall (slanted wall type) in which the remaining concrete formwork 1 is hung on the pillar material 2, and backfill concrete C is poured between the slope S and the remaining formwork 1. A construction method is disclosed (see paragraphs [0020] to [0030] of the specification of Patent Document 1, FIGS. 1 and 3 of the drawings, etc.).

However, the method for constructing a leaning retaining wall described in Patent Document 1 requires building the foundation part B and installing the pillars 2, which has the problem of increasing the number of man-hours and prolonging the construction period.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes the construction of a masonry simulation structure in which grid-shaped reinforcing bars are fixed to an existing wall 41, and a precast member for masonry simulation construction is hung on the grid-shaped reinforcing bars using a mounting bracket having a notched recess. A method is disclosed (see claim 6 of patent document 2, paragraphs [0031] to [0041] of the specification, and FIGS. 1, 3, and 4 of the drawings, etc.).

However, the method for constructing a masonry simulation structure described in Patent Document 2 is a technique based on the premise that the existing wall 41 is a concrete structure and does not deform, and cannot be directly applied to reinforced earth walls. In other words, when the method for constructing a masonry simulation structure described in Patent Document 2 is applied to a reinforced earth wall, as described in (4) Direct connection of wall panels, the embankment and steel frame are pushed outward by compaction etc. There is a problem in that the wall panel bulges and deforms, and the deformation is transmitted to the wall panel, causing the wall panel to collapse.

As described above, all of the conventional techniques for constructing a sloped type reinforced earth wall without wall greening have problems, and currently there is no effective solution. For this reason, the wall panel can be joined to the retaining frame made of steel frame by mechanical dry joining without welding, and moreover, the front position of the steel frame (retaining frame) can be adjusted according to the deformation of the embankment. There is a need for a wall panel mounting structure with adjustable spacing and a method for constructing reinforced earthen walls.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-189978 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-101452

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to connect wall panels to a holding frame using mechanical dry bonding that does not require welding without placing backfill concrete. To provide a wall panel mounting structure that can be easily joined to a wall panel in a short time and a method for constructing a reinforced earth wall.

The wall panel mounting structure according to claim 1 is a wall panel mounting structure in which the wall panel is mounted on a holding frame that holds the slope shape of earth and sand, and the wall panel has a rectangular shape in front view and has a panel hook on the back surface. , a frame fixing clamp for fixing to the holding frame; and a connector having coupling hooks at both ends for hooking the wall panel to the frame fixing clamp, the frame fixing clamp having a latch for hooking the coupling hook. a hook bolt having a J-shaped hook and a threaded portion to be hooked onto the frame material of the holding frame, and a groove through which the frame material of the holding frame is inserted; When the holding frame is hung on the holding frame, both ends of the holding frame are in contact with other frame members of the holding frame, so that the holding frame is fixed by contacting the holding frame at three or more points. It is characterized by

A wall panel mounting structure according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the wall panel mounting structure according to the first aspect, the length of the connecting tool is adjustable.

In the wall panel mounting structure according to claim 3, in the wall panel mounting structure according to claim 2, the connecting tool includes a pair of hook bolts having the connecting hook and a threaded portion, and the pair of hook bolts. A clamp mechanism that holds the screw portions of the screws together.

The wall panel mounting structure according to claim 4 is the wall panel mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holding frame is made of expanded metal or welded wire mesh.

The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 5 includes a reinforced earth wall construction step of constructing a reinforced earth wall by filling a holding frame configured in a mesh shape from frame materials with earth and sand, and a step of constructing a reinforced earth wall by attaching a frame fixing clamp to the holding frame. A frame fixing clamp installation process for fixing the frame fixing clamp to the frame fixing clamp, and a wall panel having a rectangular shape in front view having panel hooks on the back side is hooked to the frame fixing clamp using a connecting tool having connecting hooks at both ends, and is attached to the holding frame. a wall panel installation step of installing the wall panels at a distance, and the frame fixing clamp includes a latching piece for latching the connecting hook, a J-shaped hook for latching onto the frame material of the holding frame, and a screw portion. and a recessed groove through which a frame material of the holding frame is inserted, and in the frame fixing clamp attaching step, the J-shaped hook is hooked to the frame material of the holding frame by the hook bolt, and the The concave groove is inserted into one frame material of the holding frame and fixed with screws, and both ends in the length direction are brought into contact with the other frame material of the holding frame, and three parts are attached to the holding frame. It is characterized by being fixed so that it makes contact at a point or more.

The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 6 is the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 5, wherein the length of the connector is freely adjustable, and in the wall panel installation step, the length of the connecting tool is adjustable. The wall panel is installed while adjusting the length of the connector according to the degree of deformation of the holding frame.

The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 7 is the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 6, in which the connecting tool includes a pair of hook bolts having the connecting hook and a threaded portion, and a pair of hook bolts having the connecting hook and a threaded portion. a clamp mechanism that holds the threaded portions of the hook bolts together, and in the wall panel installation step, the connecting tool is rotated by rotating either one of the pair of hook bolts depending on the degree of deformation of the holding frame. The wall panel is installed by finely adjusting the length of the wall panel.

According to the inventions according to claims 1 to 7, the wall panel can be easily joined to the holding frame in a short time by mechanical dry joining that does not require welding, and there is no need to cast backfill concrete. Therefore, according to the inventions according to claims 1 to 7, the installation work of wall panels and the construction work of reinforced earthen walls can be performed in a short period of time, and labor costs can be reduced to reduce work costs. . Further, according to the inventions according to claims 1 to 7, since the wall panel is installed by attaching the frame fixing clamp directly to the holding frame, no preparation work is required and there is a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of the wall panel, such as staggered arrangement or random arrangement. It is easy to create a construction plan and manage construction, reducing the burden on the construction manager.

In particular, according to the inventions according to claims 2 and 6, since the length of the connecting tool is freely adjustable, the work of installing the wall panel can be carried out easily and in a short time.

In particular, according to the inventions according to claims 3 and 7, the length of the connecting tool can be finely adjusted by rotating either one of the hook bolts, so that the length can be finely adjusted by simply turning the hook bolt with one hand. allows precise fine-tuning of the length of the connector. Therefore, the worker can support the wall panel with one hand while accurately adjusting the connector with the other hand, resulting in extremely high work efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the configuration of a wall panel mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. 1 showing the mounting structure of each wall panel in an enlarged manner. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a holding frame made of expanded metal of the mounting structure for the wall panel shown above. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a holding frame made of a welded wire mesh according to modification example 1 of the holding frame same as above. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a holding frame made of a welded wire mesh according to a second modification of the above holding frame, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a wall panel of the wall panel mounting structure according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the same wall panel as above, in which (a) is a rear view and (b) is a plan view. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frame fixing clamp of the wall panel mounting structure according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a plan view. FIG. 9 is a right side view showing the frame fixing clamp same as above. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a connector of the wall panel mounting structure according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a plan view. FIG. 11 is a right side view showing the connector same as above. FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 showing the vicinity of the frame fixing clamp of the wall panel mounting structure according to the present embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a wall panel mounting structure and a reinforced earth wall construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Wall panel mounting structure]
First, a wall panel mounting structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 12. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the configuration of a wall panel mounting structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1 showing an enlarged view of each wall panel mounting structure. It is.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes a wall panel 3 that is a covering panel that covers the holding frame 2 that holds the slope shape of the earth and sand S. This is the mounting structure of the wall panel to be installed. A wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes a holding frame 2, a wall panel 3, a frame fixing clamp 4 fixed to the holding frame 2, and a connector for hooking the wall panel 3 to the frame fixing clamp 4. 5.

(holding frame)
Next, the holding frame 2 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a holding frame 2 made of expanded metal of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a holding frame 2' made of a welded wire mesh according to modification example 1 of the holding frame 2. This is a photo showing. Further, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a holding frame 2'' made of a welded wire mesh according to a second modification of the holding frame 2, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view.

As shown in FIG. 3, the holding frame 2 according to the present embodiment is made of expanded metal made of SPHC (hot rolled mild steel plate) coated with a resin such as polyethylene for rust prevention, and has an inclined vertical cross section. It is an L-shaped frame, and is a steel frame used as a slope material to maintain the slope shape of embankment (earth and sand S). This holding frame 2 has, for example, a vertical height of 0.5 m to 0.6 m and a width of 1.2 m.

However, this holding frame 2 is not limited to expanded metal, and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the holding frame 2' according to Modification 1, which is made of a welded wire mesh in which round steel is welded and joined in a lattice shape, or The holding frame 2'' according to Modification 2 may also be used.The holding frames 2, 2', 2'' are not limited to those coated with resin, but may be surface treated for rust prevention such as hot-dip galvanizing. That's fine. However, it goes without saying that there is no need to perform surface treatment when pouring backfill concrete, which will be described later. Furthermore, the holding frames 2, 2', 2'' are not limited to being made of steel, but may be made of any material that has a predetermined strength and is combined in a mesh shape that can hold the slope shape of the embankment. is not limited.

In addition, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the upper ends of the holding frames 2 and 2' have long horizontal grooves for safety so that the sharp cut ends of the expanded metal and welded wire mesh are not exposed. It is preferable that a protective cap 20 made of a strip of material is attached. Particularly, this is because it is possible to prevent an accident in which a worker comes into contact with the cut end surface of the steel material and gets injured during construction.

In addition, the reference numeral 21 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is a latch which is a diagonal tie material that is hung to prevent the inclination angle of the holding frame 2 from falling to the outside (the side where there is no embankment) due to pressure due to the deformation of the embankment. This is the hook 21. However, the latching hook 21, which is a diagonal tie material, is a planar reinforcing material that prevents the frame from falling due to frictional resistance with earth and sand at the middle point in the height direction (vertical direction) of the holding frame 2 to 2". It is also possible to omit this by additionally installing geotextile G (see FIG. 1), which will be described later.

<Wall panel>
Next, the wall panel 3 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment will be described using FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the wall panel 3 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view. Moreover, FIG. 7 is a figure which shows the wall surface panel 3, (a) is a back view, (b) is a top view. In addition, the front (surface) refers to the surface of the reinforced earth wall as seen toward the slope (the same applies hereinafter).

As shown in FIG. 6, the wall panel 3 is a rectangular panel in front view installed to cover the front surface of a reinforced earthen wall held by a holding frame 2 to 2" for weed prevention and landscape improvement. If backfill concrete is placed on the back side, it also functions as a remaining (remaining) formwork.However, in the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to this embodiment, it is not necessary to place backfill concrete in principle. do not have.

The wall panel 3 according to this embodiment is a precast lightweight panel in which steel wire is embedded as a tensile reinforcing material in a cement-based time-hardening material such as lightweight mortar, and as shown in FIG. 6, the width W1 = 800 mm x It is formed into a rectangular shape with a height H1=400 mm. Further, this wall panel 3 has a pseudo-rock pattern (not shown) imitating a stone wall formed on the surface visible from the front, and the back surface, which is the back surface, is formed flat. Of course, the dimensions of the wall panel 3 are just examples, and it goes without saying that they can be set as appropriate, such as 900 mm wide x 300 mm high, 400 mm wide x 400 mm high for a half-split type, 450 mm wide x 300 mm high, etc. .

Further, the material of the wall panel 3 is not limited to a cement-based material that hardens over time, but may be made of other materials such as resin. However, it is preferable that the wall panel 3 is a lightweight panel with a weight less than that which can be carried by one worker. This is because a lifting device such as a crane or a lifting device such as a chain block becomes unnecessary.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, this wall panel 3 includes a panel main body 30 made of a cement-based time-hardening material and having a trapezoidal vertical and horizontal cross section, and a holding frame 2 to 2" from the back side of the panel main body 30. It is comprised of a total of six guide runners 31, three pairs on the upper and lower sides, which are protruded from the sides, and four panel hooks 32, two pairs on the left and right, in two stages, upper and lower, which are hooked by connectors 5.

(guide runner)
The guide runner 31 is a U-shaped hook made of steel wire for hanging the wall panels 3 together. When another upper wall panel 3 is placed on the lower wall panel 3 that is latched with the connecting tool 5, the guide runners 31 of each other are latched to the other wall panel 3, so that the placed wall surface The panel 3 is configured to be self-supporting. Since the placed wall panel 3 stands on its own in this manner, the work of hooking the connector 5 to the panel hook 32 becomes extremely easy even for a single worker.

Note that, as shown in FIGS. 6(a), 7(a), and 7(b), the guide runners 31 include a guide runner 31 provided at the top of the panel body 30 and a guide runner 31 provided at the bottom of the panel body 30. The guide runners 31 are provided so as to be shifted from side to side so as not to interfere with the guide runners 31 of other adjacent wall panels 3 on the upper and lower levels.

(panel hook)
The panel hook 32 is a dogleg-shaped hook made of steel wire for hanging the wall panel 3 with the connector 5, and as shown in FIG. 32a is formed. By hooking the connecting hook of the connecting tool 5 to this loop portion 32a, even when the holding frame 2~2'' is inserted and a pressing force is applied to the wall panel 3 from the back side, the connecting hook 51a, which will be described later, is attached to the loop portion. It is possible to reduce the risk of it coming off and detaching from 32a (see also FIG. 2).

<Frame fixing clamp>
Next, the frame fixing clamp 4 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the frame fixing clamp 4 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a plan view. Further, FIG. 9 is a right side view showing the frame fixing clamp 4 of the wall panel mounting structure 1.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the frame fixing clamp 4 is a clamp for fixing to the holding frame 2 in order to hang the wall panel 3 on the above-mentioned holding frame 2 via the connector 5. The frame fixing clamp 4 includes a clamp body 40, a hook bolt 41 screwed to the clamp body 40, and a stainless steel abutment plate 42 joined to the clamp body 40.

(clamp body)
The clamp body 40 is a member formed by cutting and bending a stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 3 mm. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, this clamp body 40 is formed with a latching piece 43 for latching the connecting hook of the connecting tool 5, and a frame member that constitutes the expanded metal of the holding frame 2. A concave groove 44 is formed for insertion. A bolt hole (not shown) through which a hook bolt 41 is inserted is bored near the center of the clamp body 40.

This latching piece 43 is formed with a latching hole 43a which is a circular hole with a diameter of 8 mm through which the connecting hook of the connector 5 can be inserted. Of course, the diameter of the latching hole 43a may be determined as appropriate depending on the diameter of the connecting hook. However, as will be described later, in order to prevent the connector 5 from falling, the diameter of the connecting hook is expanded by crushing a portion of the connecting hook, so it is preferable that the diameter of the connecting hook is not too large.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the groove 44 has tapered sides that are wide at the lower end in the drawing, which is on the side of the holding frame 2, and narrow at the upper end, which is on the back side.

(hook bolt)
The hook bolt 41 is a stainless steel bolt, and includes a J-shaped hook 41a whose tip is bent into a J-shape, a threaded portion 41b with an M8 thread, and an M8 stainless steel bolt that is screwed into the threaded portion 41b. It is made up of nuts 41c, etc. Of course, the diameter of the screw is merely exemplified as M8, and it goes without saying that it may be selected as appropriate depending on the size (the same applies hereinafter).

(Abutting plate)
The contact plate 42 is a stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 3 mm, and similarly to the clamp body 40, a bolt hole (not shown) through which a hook bolt 41 is inserted is bored in the center. When this contact plate 42 is hooked to the frame material of the holding frame 2 with the hook bolt 41 inserted through the central bolt hole, both ends of the contact plate 42 are sure to come into contact with other parts of the frame material of the holding frame 2. It has a length. In the illustrated embodiment, the length of the abutment plate 42 is 80 mm, and by securing the length to both ends of the abutment plate 42 with the center hooked with the hook bolt 41, the length of the abutment plate 42 is 80 mm. It ensures contact with the frame material at three or more points (see also Figure 12).

Of course, the length of this abutting plate 42 is set appropriately depending on the gap interval and arrangement position of the frame materials of the holding frame, and is suitable for holding frames 2', 2'' made of welded wire mesh shown in FIG. In this case, it is preferable that the length be at least twice the interval of the welded wire mesh that is the frame material.

Note that the contact plate 42 is welded to the clamp body 40. However, the contact plate 42 only needs to have a length to contact the frame material at three or more points, and may be integrally molded with the clamp body 40. In that case, the aforementioned latching piece 43 may be attached to the clamp body 40 integrated with the contact plate 42 by welding or the like.

In this way, the frame fixing clamp 4 is assembled by hooking the J-shaped hook 41a of the hook bolt 41 onto the frame material of the holding frame 2 and tightening it with the nut 41c, with the concave groove 44 pressed against the frame material of the holding frame 2. The frame material of the holding frame 2 is guided to a fixed position at the back of the groove 44, and is securely latched and fixed.

<Connector>
Next, the connector 5 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 2 and 10 to 12. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the connector 5 of the wall panel mounting structure 1, with (a) being a front view and (b) being a plan view. Further, FIG. 11 is a right side view showing the connector 5. As shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 showing the vicinity of the frame fixing clamp 4 of the wall panel mounting structure 1. As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the connecting tool 5 is a jig that connects the latching piece 43 of the frame fixing clamp 4 and the panel hook 32 of the wall panel 3 in a freely adjustable length. This connector 5 includes a pair of hook bolts 50, 51 and a clamp mechanism 52 that holds the pair of hook bolts 50, 51 together. The length can be finely adjusted by rotating it.

(hook bolt)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 10 to 12, the hook bolt 50 is a stainless steel latching fitting that is latched into the latching hole 43a of the latching piece 43, and is a connecting hook that is bent by folding back more than 180 degrees. 50a, and a threaded portion 50b formed with an M8 thread continuous with the connecting hook 50a.

Further, after the hook bolt 50 is hooked into the hook hole 43a, a crushed portion 50c whose diameter is enlarged is formed by caulking and crushing the vicinity of the boundary between the connecting hook 50a and the threaded portion 50b. For this reason, even when a pressing force is applied in the axial direction of the hook bolt 50, the hook bolt 50 is prevented from coming off from the latching hole 43a (see FIGS. 2 and 12).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, the hook bolt 51 is a stainless steel latching fitting that is latched onto the panel hook 32 of the wall panel 3. It has a threaded portion 50b formed with an M8 thread that is continuous with the hook 50a.

(clamp mechanism)
The clamp mechanism 52 clamps the threaded portions 50b, 51b of the pair of hook bolts 50, 51 described above to counter the stress along the axial direction of the hook bolts 50, 51, and also overlaps the hook bolts 50, 51. It is a mechanism that adjusts the length accordingly and holds it rotatably. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, this clamp mechanism 52 includes a first clamp member 53 having a U-shaped cross section with an open end, and a cross section with an open end that fits into the first clamp member 53. It is composed of a U-shaped second clamp member 54, a connecting bolt 55 that penetrates and holds the clamp member 54, and the like.

In the illustrated embodiment, the first clamp member 53 is made of a stainless steel plate with a thickness of approximately 3 mm, with both ends thereof bent upward in an out-of-plane direction, and a recess 53a into which a pair of hook bolts 50 and 51 are inserted is formed. . The inner end surface 53b of this notch 53a has a predetermined inclination angle such that the cut end surface is screwed into the threaded portion 51b, and the corner of this inner end surface 53b fits into the thread groove of the threaded portion 51b, thereby allowing the hook to be hooked. The structure is such that the hook bolt 51 is prevented from shifting in the axial direction against the stress along the axial direction of the bolt 51.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10(a), a return piece 53c is formed in the notch 53a of the first clamp member 53, so that the hook bolt 51 can be removed from the clamp mechanism 52 even during fine adjustment of the length. The risk of falling off can be reduced.

Similarly to the first clamp material 53, the second clamp material 54 is made by bending both ends of a stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 3 mm downward in the out-of-plane direction, and has an arc-shaped notch 54a into which only the hook bolt 50 is inserted. is formed. The inner end surface 54b of the notch 54a has a predetermined inclination angle such that the cut end surface is screwed into the threaded portion 50b, and when the inner end surface 54b fits into the thread groove of the threaded portion 51b, the hook bolt 51 The structure is such that the hook bolt 51 is prevented from shifting in the axial direction against stress along the axial direction.

The connecting bolt 55 is an M8 size bolt that is inserted into a bolt hole (not shown) drilled in the center of the first clamp member 53 and the second clamp member 54 . This connecting bolt 55 is clamped by the first clamp member 53 and the second clamp member 54 with the hook bolts 50 and 51 sandwiched therebetween by screwing with a nut 55b through a washer 55a. Therefore, the clamp mechanism 52 grips the hook bolts 50, 51 in a state in which the threads of the threaded portions 50b, 51b are latched to each other, and applies a pulling force and compression along the axial direction of the hook bolts 50, 51. able to resist force.

[Method of constructing reinforced earthen walls]
Next, a method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1, 2, and 12. In the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to this embodiment, a sloped wall type reinforced earth wall is constructed without wall greening, and the slope shape of the soil S of the reinforced earth wall is maintained for the purpose of weed prevention and landscape improvement. An example will be described in which the wall panel mounting structure 1 described above is constructed by attaching the wall panel 3 that covers the front surface of the holding frame 2 to the holding frame 2.

(Reinforced earth wall construction process)
In the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to the present embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a reinforced earth wall construction step is performed in which the above-mentioned holding frame 2 is filled with soil S made of local earth and sand or embankment to construct a reinforced earth wall. I do.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, in this process, earth and sand S is spread to construct a slope with a trapezoidal vertical cross section, and the slope is appropriately compacted, and then geotextile G, which is a planar reinforcing material, is laid. The aforementioned holding frame 2 is installed along the edge of the slope and connected to the laid geotextile G. In this process, these steps are repeated to interpose the geotextile G in the earth and sand S spread in layers. By increasing the strength of the soil and stabilizing the entire embankment, we will construct a reinforced earth wall, which is a steeply sloped earth wall structure.

(Frame fixing clamp installation process)
Next, in the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to the present embodiment, a frame fixing clamp installation step is performed in which the frame fixing clamp 4 of the wall panel mounting structure 1 is fixed to the holding frame 2 installed in the previous reinforced earth wall construction step. conduct.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 12, in this step, the concave groove 44 of the frame fixing clamp 4 is pressed against the frame material of the holding frame 2 made of expanded metal, and the tip is bent into a J-shape. The frame material of the holding frame 2 is hung with the J-shaped hook 41a, and the nut 41c is turned to fix it with screws. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the concave groove 44 has tapered sides that are wide at the lower end in the drawing, which is on the side of the holding frame 2, and narrow at the upper end, which is on the back side. Therefore, by tightening the hook bolt 41, the frame fixing clamp 4 is guided by the tapered side of the groove 44 and is fixed at an appropriate fixing position where the frame material of the holding frame 2 comes into contact with the bottom of the groove 44. Ru.

Furthermore, as described above, the frame fixing clamp 4 is provided with the abutting plate 42 having a predetermined length corresponding to the interval between the frame members of the holding frame 2 made of expanded metal. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 12, in the frame fixing clamp 4, both ends of the contact plate 42 are in contact with other expanded metal frame members while the center is latched with the hook bolt 41. becomes. Therefore, the frame fixing clamp 4 comes into contact with the holding frame 2 at three or more points, and has reaction force points in each of the left and right rotation directions, and the frame fixing clamp 4 contacts the holding frame 2 at three or more points. Rotation around the material can be prevented. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the connector 5 from falling off from the latching piece 43 of the frame fixing clamp 4 in the subsequent wall panel installation process. Moreover, with this configuration, the fixing force of the frame fixing clamp 4 is dramatically improved even against repeated external forces and vibrations.

(Wall panel installation process)
Next, in the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to the present embodiment, the above-mentioned wall panel 3 is installed by hooking it with the connecting tool 5 to the frame fixing clamp 4 attached in the front frame fixing clamp installation process. Perform the process.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in this step, the connecting hook of the hook bolt 50 of the connector 5 is inserted into the latching hole 43a of the latching piece 43 of the frame fixing clamp 4 installed in the front frame fixing clamp installation step. 50a and lock it. Thereafter, the vicinity of the boundary between the connecting hook 50a and the threaded portion 50b is caulked and crushed to form a crushed portion 50c having an enlarged diameter (see also FIG. 12). However, the step of forming the crushed portion 50c may be performed before the frame fixing clamp attaching step, and the frame fixing clamp attaching step may be performed with the connecting tool 5 connected to the frame fixing clamp 4. This is because there is less work to be done on the back side of the wall panel 3, which is difficult for the worker to peer into, and work efficiency is improved.

In addition, in this step, depending on the degree of deformation such as protrusion of the holding frame 2, the above-mentioned pair of hook bolts 50 and 51 are overlapped to a required length and clamped and held by the clamp mechanism 52, and the hook bolts 51 is hung on the panel hook 32 of the wall panel 3. Thereafter, by rotating either or both of the pair of hook bolts 50 and 51 while clamped by the clamp mechanism 52, the length of the connector 5 is finely adjusted. At this time, since the length of the connector 5 can be finely adjusted by simply turning the hook bolts 50 and 51 with one hand, the worker can support the wall panel 3 with one hand while accurately adjusting the connector 5 with the other hand. The length can be adjusted and work efficiency is extremely high. Furthermore, the length adjustment allowance for the connector 5 depends on the position of the hook bolts 50, 51 at which the clamping mechanism 52 clamps the connector, so it can be adjusted over an extremely wide range, and can be adjusted depending on the slope of the reinforced earth wall and the wall surface. It is also possible to freely set the slope angle, such as by changing the slope of the panel 3. In addition, the main length adjustment work is simply to overlap the pair of hook bolts 50 and 51 and clamp and hold them with the clamp mechanism 52, so length adjustment with a large adjustment allowance is possible in a short time. Accurate fine adjustments can be made simply by rotating either hook bolt 50 or 51.

In addition, in this step, the length of the connector 5 is adjusted again to finely adjust the protrusion and retraction of the corners of the adjacent wall panels 3 to ensure the smoothness of the wall panels 3. At this time, as described above, since the length of the connector 5 can be finely adjusted by simply turning it with one hand, the work efficiency is greatly improved compared to the conventional wall panel installation work.

In addition, when installing the lowermost wall panel 3, as shown in Fig. 1, concrete is poured to construct the foundation F, and the hanging material L consisting of an L-shaped angle is fixed with the anchor A1. The lower guide runner 31 of the wall panel 3 is hung and installed on this hanging material L.

In addition, as mentioned above, in the conventional method of directly fixing the wall panel to the steel frame (holding frame 2), the embankment and the steel frame bulge outward and deform due to rolling pressure, etc., and this deformation causes the wall panel to There was a risk of the wall panel collapsing due to the transmission. Furthermore, there were concerns about long-term durability in an environment where rainwater seeped into bolts and the like.

However, in the coupling device 5 according to the present embodiment, the coupling hook 50a of the hook bolt 50 is not only bent by 180 degrees or more, but also has a crushed portion 50c formed therein, so that it does not come off due to repeated external force or vibration. It looks like this. Further, the frame fixing clamp 4 and the connector 5 are made of stainless steel, and there is no problem in long-term durability even in an environment where rainwater permeates.

Moreover, a return piece 53c is formed in the notch 53a of the connector 5, and even when adjusting the length of the connector 5 in this process, the hook bolt 51 falls off from the clamp mechanism 52, and the lower wall panel It is possible to prevent it from falling into the interior of 3 or to the foundation F.

On the other hand, the connecting hook 51a of the hook bolt 51 of the connector 5, which is hooked to the panel hook 32 of the wall panel 3, is bent by about 170 degrees, so it can be easily hooked to the panel hook 32 when working on the back of the wall panel 3. In addition, it is difficult to come off even when a pressing force is applied. In addition, since the panel hook 32 has a loop portion 32a formed by making one rotation of the steel wire in the middle, the holding frame 2~2'' is included and a pressing force is applied to the wall panel 3 from the back. Even in this case, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the connecting hook 51a will come off and separate from the loop portion 32a.

In addition, in this step, while installing the wall panel 3, the back side thereof may be filled with a filler such as crushed stone (for example, single crushed stone). By constructing a crushed stone layer with a drainage function, it is possible to not only protect the reinforced earth wall, but also ensure impact resistance against collisions with driftwood and rocks.

According to the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention and the reinforced earth wall construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the wall panel 3 is held by mechanical dry joining without welding. It can be easily joined to the frame 2 in a short time. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of not being able to weld to the steel frame, which is the structural material of the reinforced earth wall, due to cross-sectional defects, and also to omit the preparation process for installing the column material in front of the reinforced earth wall. This makes it possible to shorten the construction period for installing the wall panel 3 and constructing the reinforced earthen wall. Furthermore, since no welding is involved, there is no need to manage or inspect flammable materials or firearms, reducing the risk of work-related accidents. It becomes easier to secure. In addition, since the wall panel 3 is installed by attaching the frame fixing clamp 4 directly to the holding frame 2, there is a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of the wall panel 3, such as staggered arrangement or random arrangement, making it easy to formulate a construction plan and manage construction. The burden on the construction manager can be reduced.

Further, according to the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment and the reinforced earth wall construction method according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to place backfill concrete, and the work associated with concrete pouring is omitted. This makes it possible to shorten the construction period.

Moreover, according to the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment and the reinforced earth wall construction method according to the present embodiment, instead of installing a weed control sheet in a conventional steel frame, a dry type Since the lightweight wall panel 3 is installed by joining, the wall panel 3 can be easily dismantled, removed, replaced, and repaired, and running costs can be reduced. In addition, since the wall panel 3 is installed by attaching the frame fixing clamp 4 directly to the holding frame 2, there is a high degree of freedom in installing the wall panel, such as staggered arrangement or random arrangement, making it easy to formulate a construction plan and manage construction. The burden on the administrator can be reduced.

In addition, according to the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment and the reinforced earth wall construction method according to the present embodiment, the length of the connector 5 is adjustable, so that the consolidation of earth and sand such as embankment is possible. It becomes easy to install the wall panel 3 in accordance with the degree of deformation such as protrusion of the holding frame 2 due to the condition. In addition, the length adjustment allowance for the connector 5 is large, and it is easy to follow the deformation of the holding frame 2. In addition, the slope angle can be changed by making the slope of the reinforced earth wall and the slope of the wall panel 3 different. It is also possible to set freely.

Further, according to the wall panel mounting structure 1 according to the present embodiment and the reinforced earth wall construction method according to the present embodiment, the connecting tool 5 and the holding member are connected to each other via the frame fixing clamp 4 that is fixed non-rotatably through three-point contact. Since the connection with the frame 2 is a semi-fixed pin joint with moderate play, it can withstand compressive forces caused by earthquakes, extrusion, etc., and can also resist deformation over time after the holding frame 2 is installed. It is possible to prevent the wall panel 3 from collapsing accordingly.

Above, the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to the embodiment of the present invention has been explained in detail, but the embodiments described above or shown in the drawings are all specific to the implementation of the present invention. This is merely an illustration of one embodiment. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed as limited by these. In particular, the materials, dimensions, sizes, diameters, etc. of each structure shown as the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative, and it goes without saying that they can be changed as appropriate.

1: Wall panel mounting structure 2, 2', 2": Holding frame 20: Protective cap 21: Hanging hook (slanted tie material)
3: Wall panel 30: Panel body 31: Guide runner 32: Panel hook 32a: Loop portion 4: Frame fixing clamp 40: Clamp body 41: Hook bolt 41a: J-shaped hook 41b: Threaded portion 42: Contact plate 43: Hanging Stopping piece 43a: Latching hole 44: Concave groove 5: Connecting tools 50, 51: Hook bolts 50a, 51a: Connecting hooks 50b, 51b: Threaded portion 50c: Crushing portion 52: Clamp mechanism 53: First clamp material (clamp material )
53a: Notch 53b: Inner end surface (end surface)
53c: Return piece 54: Second clamp material (clamp material)
54a: Notch 54b: Inner end surface (end surface)
55: Connection bolt 55a: Washer 55b: Nut S: Earth and sand G: Geotextile (planar reinforcing material)
F: Foundation L: Latching material A1: Anchor

Claims (7)

A wall panel mounting structure in which a wall panel is attached to a holding frame that maintains the slope shape of earth and sand,
A wall panel having a rectangular shape in front view having a panel hook on the back surface, a frame fixing clamp fixed to the holding frame, and a connecting tool having connecting hooks at both ends for hooking the wall panel to the frame fixing clamp,
The frame fixing clamp includes a latching piece for latching the connecting hook, a hook bolt having a J-shaped hook and a threaded portion for latching onto the frame material of the holding frame, and a groove into which the frame material of the holding frame is inserted. , and when the hook bolt is hooked to one frame member of the holding frame, both ends in the length direction abut the other frame members of the holding frame, so that the holding frame is attached to the holding frame. A wall panel mounting structure characterized in that the wall panel is fixed in contact with the panel at three or more points. The wall panel mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the connector is adjustable in length. 3. The connecting tool includes a pair of hook bolts having the connecting hook and a threaded portion, and a clamp mechanism that holds the threaded portions of the pair of hook bolts together. Mounting structure of wall panel. The wall panel mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holding frame is made of expanded metal or welded wire mesh. a reinforced earth wall construction step of constructing a reinforced earth wall by filling a holding frame configured in a mesh shape from frame materials with earth and sand;
a frame fixing clamp installation step of fixing the frame fixing clamp to the holding frame;
A wall panel in which a wall panel having a rectangular shape in front view and having panel hooks on the back side is hung on the frame fixing clamp using a connecting tool having connecting hooks at both ends, and the wall panel is installed at a distance from the holding frame. An installation process;
The frame fixing clamp includes a latching piece for latching the connecting hook, a hook bolt having a J-shaped hook and a threaded portion for latching onto the frame material of the holding frame, and a groove into which the frame material of the holding frame is inserted. , has
In the frame fixing clamp installation step, the J-shaped hook is hooked to the frame material of the holding frame using the hook bolt, the groove is inserted into one frame material of the holding frame, and the J-shaped hook is fixed with a screw. A method for constructing a reinforced earthen wall, characterized in that both ends of the holding frame in the horizontal direction are brought into contact with other frame members of the holding frame, and fixed to the holding frame so as to be in contact with the holding frame at three or more points. The length of the connecting tool is adjustable,
The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 5, wherein in the wall panel installation step, the wall panel is installed while adjusting the length of the connector according to the degree of deformation of the holding frame. The connecting tool includes a pair of hook bolts having the connecting hook and a threaded portion, and a clamp mechanism that holds the threaded portions of the pair of hook bolts,
In the wall panel installation step, the length of the connector is finely adjusted by rotating either one of the pair of hook bolts depending on the degree of deformation of the holding frame, and the wall panel is installed. The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall according to claim 6.

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