JP7412776B2 - magnetic support device - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to magnetic support devices.

Magnetic levitation technology utilizes repulsion or attraction (attraction force) generated between pairs of permanent magnets to support a levitating object in a non-contact manner. In magnetic levitation, etc., when using the attractive force or repulsive force generated when two surfaces magnetized to N or S poles face each other, the attractive force or repulsive force occurs when one of the facing surfaces is misaligned. will decrease.

Here, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 48-9745 describes a non-contact magnetic bearing in which the shaft is levitated relative to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. In this magnetic bearing, the magnets attached to both ends of the shaft and the magnets attached to the fixed base are opposed to each other so that the forces in the axial direction of the shaft cancel out the attractive or repulsive forces, and are perpendicular to the axial direction. With respect to the movement of the axis of the surface, the axis is made to settle in the valley of the force distribution of the attractive force or the repulsive force.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-188735 describes a magnetic bearing system that rotatably supports a spindle within a spindle hole. In a magnetic bearing system, a plurality of annular magnets are arranged on the outer periphery of the spindle and on the inner periphery of the spindle hole, and one surface and the other surface of the annular magnets are magnetized with different polarities in the axial direction. . Further, in the spindle and the spindle hole, the annular magnets are stacked with the same poles facing each other, and the annular magnet of the spindle is arranged together with the spindle at the axial center of the annular magnet in the spindle hole. As a result, the magnetic bearing system can support the spindle in a non-contact and rotatable manner at a predetermined position within the spindle hole.

By the way, magnetic support uses the attractive force or repulsive force generated between the magnetic poles of permanent magnets facing each other, and when increasing the supporting load, multiple It is necessary to arrange the permanent magnets in pairs, which increases the installation area of the device. Furthermore, in a magnetic bearing, when increasing the supporting load (load in the radial direction of the shaft), it is necessary to arrange a plurality of permanent magnets in the axial direction, which increases the size of the device in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Therefore, there is room for improvement in magnetic support devices using permanent magnets.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above facts, and aims to provide a magnetic support device that can effectively support a supported object using the magnetic force of a permanent magnet.

The magnetic support device of this aspect for achieving the above object includes a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet whose magnetization directions are perpendicular to each other, and one magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet. A magnetic pole surface of the second permanent magnet having a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole surface is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic pole surface, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged in a direction in which the second permanent magnet is magnetized. a magnetic support part that is movable relative to the magnetic support part, one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is fixed, and the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is covered with the magnetic support part; A supporting body is provided, and a fixing part is provided that supports the supported body by an attractive force and a repulsive force generated between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

Further, in the magnetic support unit according to the magnetic support device of this aspect, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are each formed in an annular shape and arranged so that their center axes are overlapped, and the supported A rotating body disposed at the axial center of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is rotated integrally with the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. be able to.

As explained above, according to the present disclosure, the supported object can be supported by the resultant force of the attractive force and the repulsive force generated between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. This has the effect of effectively supporting the supported object.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing main parts of a magnetic support device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of fixed magnets and moving magnets. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline of the attractive force and repulsive force between a fixed magnet and a moving magnet. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline of the attractive force and repulsive force between the fixed magnet and the moving magnet as an example of the state in which a load is applied. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of arrangement of magnets as a modification. It is a schematic diagram showing another example of arrangement of magnets as a modification. It is a schematic diagram showing another example of arrangement of magnets as a modification. It is a schematic diagram showing another example of arrangement of magnets as a modification. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an arrangement using magnets having a square cross section as a modified example. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another example of an arrangement using magnets having a square cross section as a modified example. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the axial direction showing the main parts of a magnetic bearing according to a second embodiment.

This embodiment includes the following aspects.
<1> A first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet whose magnetization directions are perpendicular to each other are included, and a magnet with a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face is located in the immediate vicinity of one of the magnetic pole faces of the first permanent magnet. A magnetic support part in which a magnetic pole surface of the second permanent magnet is arranged, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are movable relative to each other along the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet. and,
One of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is fixed, a supported body is provided on the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the supported body is fixed to the first permanent magnet. a fixed part supported by attractive force and repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet;
Magnetic support device with.

<2> In the magnetic support part, one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided as a pair, and the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided as the pair. The magnetic support device of <1> is disposed between the one of the two.
<3> The magnetic support device according to <1> or <2>, wherein the magnetic support section is provided with each of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet on both sides of the supported body.

<4> Attachment of the first permanent magnet, the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, to one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet fixed to the fixing part. The magnetic support device according to any one of <1> to <3>, further including a restricting means for restricting relative movement along the magnetic direction.
<5> The magnetic support device according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein at least one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet has a square cross section along the magnetization direction.

<6> The magnetic support section is configured such that the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are each formed in an annular shape and are arranged so that their center axes overlap each other, and the first permanent magnet serves as the supported body. Any one of <1> to <5>, wherein a rotating body disposed at the axial center of the permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is rotated integrally with the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. or 1 magnetic support device.

<7> The magnetic support section is arranged such that the plurality of first permanent magnets are along the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnets, and the polarities of the magnetic pole faces of the second permanent magnets are alternately different. <1>, wherein a magnetic pole face of the second permanent magnet having a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face is disposed immediately adjacent to the magnetic pole face on the second permanent magnet side of each of the first permanent magnets. The magnetic support device according to any one of <6>.

<8> The magnetic support part includes a plurality of second permanent magnets that are arranged in a direction along the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnets, and that different magnetic pole faces are closely adjacent to each other in the vicinity of the magnetic pole face of the first permanent magnet. The magnetic support device of <7> is arranged as follows.

In the magnetic support device <1>, the fixing section fixes the first permanent magnet of the magnetic support section, thereby moving the supported object attached to the second permanent magnet in the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet. Support along. Further, the magnetic support portion includes a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged so that their magnetization directions perpendicularly intersect with each other. Further, the magnetic pole face of a second permanent magnet having a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face is arranged perpendicularly adjacent to the magnetic pole face of the first permanent magnet, and A second permanent magnet is disposed so as to be relatively movable along the magnetic pole surface of the second permanent magnet.

Here, between two permanent magnets whose magnetic pole surfaces are arranged in close proximity to each other, the magnetic force generated by the magnetizing current is more dominant than the magnetic force generated between the magnetic poles, and an attractive force and a repulsive force are generated. Therefore, a resultant force of the attractive force and the repulsive force caused by the magnetizing current acts between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet whose magnetic pole faces are arranged in close proximity to each other.

For example, by placing the S-pole magnetic pole surface of the second permanent magnet in close proximity to the N-pole magnetic pole surface of the first permanent magnet, there is a gap between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. , a resultant force is generated that moves the second permanent magnet relative to the first permanent magnet in the direction of magnetization of the second permanent magnet. In addition, by arranging the N-pole magnetic pole face of the second permanent magnet in the immediate vicinity of the S-pole magnetic pole face of the first permanent magnet, there is a gap between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. , a resultant force is generated that moves the second permanent magnet relative to the first permanent magnet in a direction opposite to the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet.

Thereby, the fixing part that fixes one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can move the supported object supported by the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet to the first permanent magnet. It can be effectively supported by the resultant force generated between the permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

In the magnetic support device <2>, one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided as a pair, and the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided as one of the pair of permanent magnets. placed in between. Therefore, the supported body can be supported more effectively by the resultant force of the attractive force and the repulsive force generated in each of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

In addition, the permanent magnets (one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet) provided in a pair are mutually connected to the first permanent magnet (the other of the first permanent magnet or the second permanent magnet). Since the movement of the permanent magnets along the magnetization direction is mutually suppressed, contact between the magnetic pole surface of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can be effectively suppressed, and the supported object can be held in a non-contact state. I can support it.

In the magnetic support device <3>, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are each provided on both sides of the supported body. Thereby, both sides of the supported object can be supported by the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet provided on each side of the supported object. In addition, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet provided on each side of the supported body sandwich the magnetic pole face of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet on each of both sides of the supported body. It is possible to effectively suppress contact between the two and support the supported object in a non-contact state.

In the magnetic support device <4>, the limiting means controls the magnetization direction of the other first permanent magnet of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet with respect to one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. Limit relative movement along. Therefore, contact between the magnetic pole surface of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can be more reliably suppressed due to the attractive force and repulsive force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. , it is possible to support the supported object even more effectively in a non-contact state.

In the magnetic support device <5>, the cross section of at least one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet along the magnetization direction has a square shape that increases the magnetic flux per unit volume. Thereby, the resultant force of the attractive force and the repulsive force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can be more effectively increased, so that the supported object can be more effectively supported in a non-contact state.

In the magnetic support device <6>, a rotating body is disposed as a supported body at the axis of the first and second permanent magnets, each of which is formed in an annular shape. Further, the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is rotated together with the rotating body. Thereby, the rotating body can be supported in a non-contact state, and smooth rotation of the rotating body is possible.

In the magnetic support device <7>, a plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged in the magnetic support portion. The plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged along the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet so that the polarities of the magnetic pole faces on the second permanent magnet side are alternately different. Further, in each of the first permanent magnets, a magnetic pole face of the second permanent magnet having a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face is arranged in close proximity to the magnetic pole face on the second permanent magnet side. Thereby, the magnetic support part can effectively increase the supporting force of the supported body.

In the magnetic support device <8>, a plurality of second permanent magnets are arranged in the magnetic support part. Different magnetic pole surfaces of the plurality of second permanent magnets are in close contact with each other along the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnets and in close proximity to the magnetic pole surface of the first permanent magnet. Thereby, the magnetic support part can increase the supporting force of the supported object more effectively.

Next, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following explanation, the magnetization direction corresponds to the direction from the S pole to the N pole inside the permanent magnet, and refers to the direction of the magnetomotive force within the permanent magnet, that is, the magnetization vector that forms the magnetomotive force within the permanent magnet. corresponds to the direction of Along the magnetization direction refers to the magnetization direction and the direction opposite to the magnetization direction. In addition, the magnetic pole surface refers to the surface of a permanent magnet that is magnetized to either the north pole or the south pole. This becomes the magnetic pole face of the S pole.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a magnetic support device 10 according to a first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, a moving body 12 is applied to the first embodiment as a floating body and a supported body. The magnetic support device 10 constitutes a linear guide that allows the movable body 12 to move along the track 14, and the magnetic support device 10 supports the movable body 12 in a non-contact state (levitating state) with respect to the track 14. , the movable body 12 is movable along the track 14. Note that the track 14 is not limited to a straight line, but may be curved or inclined. In the drawing, the direction of magnetization is indicated by an arrow M. Further, in the drawing, the width direction of the track 14 is indicated by an arrow W, and the upper direction is indicated by an arrow UP.

A pair of track stands 16 serving as fixed parts are arranged on the track 14, and a rail 18 constituting a guide member and a restricting means is arranged on each track stand 16. In addition, below, when distinguishing between a pair of track bases 16, one track base will be referred to as 16L and the other track base 16R.

The track bases 16 are each long and have a rectangular cross section, and the pair of track bases 16 are installed with the longitudinal direction thereof being the track direction. Further, the width direction of the track base 16 is the vertical direction, and the thickness direction is the track width direction, and the pair of track bases 16 are opposed to each other at a predetermined interval in the track width direction.

The rail 18 is in the form of a strip made of iron (ferromagnetic material). The rail 18 has a longitudinal direction (direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper) as the longitudinal direction of the track base 16, a width direction as the vertical direction, and a thickness direction as the track width direction. ) are erected on each of the upper surfaces.

The moving body 12 has a rectangular block shape, and the moving body 12 is arranged astride between a pair of track stands 16 and between a pair of rails 18. The dimensions of the moving body 12 along the track width direction are the distance between the pair of rails 18 (the distance between the inner surfaces in the track width direction) and the distance between the pair of track bases 16 (the distance between the inner surfaces in the track width direction). Each of these is smaller than the other. As a result, when the movable body 12 is placed between the pair of track bases 16 and the pair of rails 18, a predetermined gap can be formed between the track base 16 and the rails 18, and the movable body 12 is capable of passing (falling) between a pair of track bases 16 and a pair of rails 18.

On the other hand, the magnetic support device 10 is provided with a fixed magnet 20 as a first permanent magnet and a moving magnet 22 as a second permanent magnet that constitute the magnetic support section. The fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 are formed into rectangular plate shapes in a plan view, and the thickness direction of the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 is the magnetization direction. As a result, the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 each have one surface in the thickness direction as a north pole magnetic pole surface (20A, 22A), and each of the other surface in the thickness direction as a south pole magnetic pole surface. (20B, 22B).

The fixed magnet 20 is arranged on each of the pair of tracks 16 (16L, 16R), and the fixed magnet 20 is magnetized in the track width direction, and is placed on the track 16R side (inside) of the track 16L. and the upper part of the surface of the track 16L side (inside) of the track 16R. In addition, the fixed magnet 20 on the way base 16L side has its N pole magnetic pole face 20A facing the way base 16R side, and the fixed magnet 20 on the way base 16R side has its N pole magnetic pole face 20A facing the way base 16L side. It is being

Thereby, the fixed magnets 20 are arranged in pairs on the pair of tracks 16, with the magnetic pole faces 20A of the same polarity facing each other. Furthermore, fixed magnets 20 are arranged on each of the track bases 16 over the entire orbit direction (the moving direction of the moving body 12). In the first embodiment, the fixed magnet 20 is provided between the pair of tracks 16 so that the magnetic pole faces of the same polarity face each other; however, the fixed magnet 20 is not limited to this, and the fixed magnet 20 may be provided so that the magnetic pole faces of different polarity face each other. A fixed magnet 20 may also be provided.

The moving magnet 22 is arranged on the lower surface of the moving body 12, and the moving magnet 22 corresponds to each of the fixed magnets 20 on the track base 16L side and the track base 16R side, and is attached to both ends of the moving body 12 in the track width direction. attached to the section. Thereby, each of the moving magnets 22 is adjacent to (arranged in the immediate vicinity of) the fixed magnet 20 between the tracks 16.

The moving magnet 22 is magnetized in a vertical direction, and is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the fixed magnet 20. Further, the moving magnet 22 is arranged such that the lower magnetic pole surface is perpendicular to the magnetic pole surface of the fixed magnet 20, and each of the two moving magnets 22 has a magnetic pole surface of the adjacent fixed magnet 20. It is arranged to intersect perpendicularly to the magnetic pole face.

Further, the polarity of the lower magnetic pole surface of the moving magnet 22 is different from the polarity of the magnetic pole surface of the adjacent fixed magnet 20 on the track base 16, and each of the moving magnets 22 has a lower magnetic pole surface 22B. The magnetic pole face 22</b>B of the south pole is immediately adjacent to the magnetic pole face 20</b>A of the north pole of the fixed magnet 20 . In addition, when the fixed magnet 20 is provided between the pair of tracks 16 so that the magnetic pole faces of different polarities face each other, the magnetic pole face 22B of the S pole is adjacent to the magnetic pole face 20A of the N pole, The moving magnet 22 may be arranged so that the north pole face 22A is adjacent to the south pole face 20B.

Here, between the fixed magnet 20 fixed to the track 16 and the movable magnet 22 arranged adjacent to the fixed magnet 20 (in a non-contact and closest position), there is a magnetic pole face 20A of the N pole of the fixed magnet 20. A force that holds the magnetic pole face 22B of the S pole of the moving magnet 22 at a predetermined position (hereinafter referred to as an equilibrium position) acts in the plane direction.

As a result, when the moving magnet 22 is pushed down from the equilibrium position along the magnetic pole face 20A of the fixed magnet 20 due to the load received from the moving body 12, the moving magnet 22 is pushed up by the force of the fixed magnet 20 toward the equilibrium position. (supporting force). Furthermore, the moving magnet 22 is held at a position where its load and supporting force are balanced with respect to the fixed magnet 20 (an equilibrium position according to the load of the moving body 12), and the moving body 12 is held between the pair of tracks 16. It can be supported without contact.

On the other hand, electromagnets 24 constituting guiding means and restricting means are arranged in the magnetic support device 10, and the electromagnets 24 are installed in pairs on each side of the moving body 12 on the rail 18 side. Note that although one pair of electromagnets 24 may be used, it is more preferable that a plurality of pairs are provided in the moving direction (orbital direction) of the moving body 12.

Each of the electromagnets 24 includes an iron core 26 and a coil 28. The iron core 26 is attached to each surface of the moving body 12 on the rail 18 side, and the coil 28 is attached to the outer periphery of the iron core 26. is wound in the circumferential direction. The electromagnet 24 generates a magnetic force (magnetic force serving as an attractive force) that attracts the rail 18 to the iron core 26 when a voltage (for example, DC voltage) is applied to the coil 28 and a current (DC current) flows. In the magnetic support device 10, the attraction force generated in each of the pair of electromagnets 24 is adjusted to limit the position of the movable body 12 in the track width direction, so that the rail 18 and the iron core 26 are connected to each other on the rail 18 side. Separate.

In the magnetic support device 10, when supporting the movable body 12, by arranging the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 on both sides in the track width direction, the fixed magnets 20 are mutually prevented from moving along the magnetization direction, which is the track width direction. However, if a difference occurs in the magnetic force, the moving body 12 will be trapped by one of the pair of tracks 16.

By adjusting the attractive force (magnetic force) generated between the iron core 26 and the rail 18 in each of the pair of electromagnets 24, the rail 18 and the iron core 26 on the opposite side are separated, and the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22. Therefore, in the magnetic support device 10, movement of the movable magnet 22 along the magnetization direction of the fixed magnet 20 (movement in the direction in which the fixed magnet 20 and the movable magnet 22 approach each other) is restricted. This suppresses the movable magnet 22 from coming into contact with the magnetic pole surface 20A of the fixed magnet 20, and the movable magnet 22 is placed in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic pole surface 20A of the fixed magnet 20 (approaching with a predetermined gap).

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained.
The magnetic support device 10 uses a fixed magnet 20 and a moving magnet 22, and the magnetic support device 10 supports a pair of tracks 16 with the moving body 12 levitated by the magnetic force of the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22. Support between. The movable body 12 is moved along the track 14 (the track 16 and the rail 18) by being applied with a driving force in the moving direction by a driving means (not shown) while being supported by the pair of tracks 16. be done. This suppresses the generation of frictional force (frictional resistance) when the movable body 12 moves between the pair of tracks 16, and the load on the drive means for moving the movable body 12 can be suppressed.

Various configurations for applying a driving force to the movable body 12 can be applied to this driving means. Furthermore, since the movable body 12 is supported by the track 14 in a non-contact state, the frictional force (frictional resistance) that occurs during movement is suppressed. It may also be configured to move (naturally fall) from above to below.

Here, the support of the movable body 12 by the fixed magnet 20 and the movable magnet 22 that constitute the magnetic support section will be explained. FIG. 2 schematically shows the arrangement of the movable magnet 22 in the immediate vicinity of the fixed magnet 20 in the magnetic support device 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the magnetic support device 10, a fixed magnet 20 and a moving magnet 22 are arranged in pairs in the track width direction, and the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 have a center line in the track width direction as a symmetry line. They are arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the line. Hereinafter, the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 on the track base 16L side will be mainly explained as an example. 3 and 4 schematically show an outline of the force relationship due to the magnetic force generated between a set of fixed magnets 20 and a moving magnet 22 arranged in the immediate vicinity of the fixed magnet 20. , a state in which the moving magnet 22 is not receiving a load from the moving body 12 is shown, and an example of a state in which the moving magnet 22 is receiving a load from the moving body 12 is shown in FIG.

Generally, a molecular current is generated inside a permanent magnet (magnetic material), and a permanent magnet is considered to be a structure in which a plurality of minute electromagnets formed by the molecular current are arranged in the same direction. It will be done. In a permanent magnet, by aligning the directions of molecular currents, adjacent molecular currents cancel each other out, leaving molecular current components only on the surface. Further, at the center of the surface of the magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet, the molecular current remaining at the center of the surface is canceled out.

Therefore, in a permanent magnet, it can be assumed that a magnetizing current Im (or a magnetizing current -Im in the opposite direction to the magnetizing current Im, collectively referred to as the magnetizing current Im) is generated along the peripheral part of the magnetic pole surface. I can do it. In the permanent magnet, a magnetomotive force is generated by this magnetizing current Im, and a magnetic field is formed according to the direction and strength (magnitude) of the magnetizing current Im. Furthermore, in a permanent magnet, the magnetizing current Im changes according to the magnetic force, and the stronger the magnetic force of the permanent magnet becomes, the more the magnetizing current Im increases (becomes larger). As a result, a permanent magnet can be regarded as an electromagnet in which the magnetizing current is replaced with a coil current.

In general, in a permanent magnet, the magnetic force of the magnetic poles is dominant, producing an attractive force and a repulsive force, but between two permanent magnets whose magnetic pole faces are placed close to each other, the magnetizing current Im is dominant. Attractive and repulsive forces are generated.

2 to 4, in the fixed magnet 20, the upper side of the points where the magnetizing currents Im and -Im are assumed to flow near the periphery of the magnetic pole face 20A of the N pole adjacent to the moving magnet 22 (the point where the moving magnet 22 is The magnetic direction side) is set as point A, and the lower side (side opposite to the magnetization direction of the moving magnet 22) is set as point B. In addition, in FIGS. 2 to 4, in the moving magnet 22, among the points where the magnetizing current Im is assumed to flow near the periphery of the magnetic pole face 22B of the S pole, the fixed magnet 20 side is called the C point, and the opposite side to the fixed magnet 20 is called the C point. The side is designated as point D.

At point C of the moving magnet 22 and point A of the fixed magnet 20, the magnetizing current Im is oriented in the same direction (Im or -Im), and at point C of the moving magnet 22 and point B of the fixed magnet 20, the magnetizing current Im is oriented in the same direction (Im or -Im). points in the opposite direction (-Im). Generally, an attractive force is generated between two coils in which coil currents flow in the same direction, and a repulsive force is generated between two coils in which coil currents flow in opposite directions.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, between the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22, an attractive force Fs acts between points C and A, and a repulsive force Fs acts between points C and B. A force Fi acts. The attractive force Fs acts in a direction to bring point C closer to point A, and the repulsive force Fi acts in a direction to move point C away from point B. As a result, a resultant force Fr of the attractive force Fs and the repulsive force Fi acts on the point C.

In the magnetic support device 10, the same force relationship occurs between the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 on the track 16R side as between the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 on the track 16L side (in the track width direction). components are in the opposite direction). Further, in the magnetic support device 10, the position in the track width direction is adjusted by a pair of electromagnets 24. Therefore, the raceway width direction component Frh, which is the magnetizing direction component of the fixed magnet 20 of the resultant force Fr at point C, is canceled by the electromagnet 24 etc. A vertical component (vertical component) Frv, which is a directional component, acts as an upward levitation force.

That is, by arranging the S-pole magnetic pole surface 22B of the moving magnet 22 in close proximity to the N-pole magnetic pole surface 20A of the fixed magnet 20, the moving magnet 22 receives a resultant force Fr directed in the magnetizing direction of the moving magnet 22. As a result, a levitation force is generated that moves the movable magnet 22 relative to the fixed magnet 20 in the magnetization direction. Furthermore, by disposing the N-pole magnetic pole surface 22A of the moving magnet 22 in the immediate vicinity of the S-pole magnetic pole surface 20B of the fixed magnet 20, the moving magnet 22 has a magnetization direction opposite to that of the moving magnet 22. The directed resultant force Fr acts, and a levitation force is generated that moves the movable magnet 22 relative to the fixed magnet 20 in a direction opposite to the magnetization direction.

Therefore, due to the levitation force caused by these magnetic forces, the moving magnet 22 is held at an equilibrium position (an equilibrium position in the vertical direction) that is a predetermined position with respect to the fixed magnet 20 when the load Fl of the moving body 12 is not acting. Ru. Note that, in reality, since the moving magnet 22 has weight, the equilibrium position of the moving magnet 22 is determined according to the magnetic force of the fixed magnet 20, the magnetic force of the moving magnet 22, and the weight of the moving magnet 22.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, in the magnetic support device 10, the moving magnet 22 is pushed down by the moving body 12 with respect to the fixed magnet 20 due to the load Fl of the moving body 12 acting on the moving magnet 22. Therefore, the moving magnet 22 moves downward along the magnetic pole surface 20A of the fixed magnet 20, and the distance between the point C of the moving magnet 22 and each of points A and B of the fixed magnet 20, and the distance between the point C of the moving magnet 22 and the point C of the moving magnet 22 are The orientation of each of the points A and B of the fixed magnet 20 relative to the point changes. As a result, the direction and magnitude of each of the attractive force Fs and the repulsive force Fi at point C of the moving magnet 22 change, and the direction and magnitude of the resultant force Fr change, so that the vertical component Frv of the resultant force Fr increases. (Substantially the same is true at point D of the moving magnet 22).

Here, since there is a position of the moving magnet 22 where a vertical component Frv of the resultant force Fr at point C (and a vertical component of the resultant force at point D) occurs, which can offset the load Fl that the moving magnet 22 receives, at that position. The moving magnet 22 and the moving body 12 can be supported on the track base 16 (16L) via the fixed magnet 20.

In this way, the magnetic support device 10 uses the attractive force and the repulsive force generated by the magnetizing current Im between the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the fixed magnet 20. Therefore, in the magnetic support device 10, the fixed magnet The magnetic force between the moving magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 can be effectively used. Thereby, the magnetic support device 10 can suppress the device from increasing in size when magnetically supporting the moving body 12.

In the magnetic support device 10, a fixed magnet 20 is arranged on each of the tracks 16L and 16R, and a moving magnet 22 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of each of the fixed magnets 20. As a result, in the magnetic support device 10, the movable magnet 22 is prevented from moving in the magnetization direction of the fixed magnet 20 on each of the tracks 16L and 16R.

Moreover, in the magnetic support device 10, the load of the moving body 12 that the moving magnet 22 receives can be distributed, and the load Fl that one moving magnet 22 receives can be reduced. Furthermore, in the magnetic support device 10, by arranging a plurality of moving magnets 22 in the moving direction (trajectory direction) of the moving body 12, the load of the moving body 12 can be further dispersed, and the load Fl received by one moving magnet 22 can be reduced. It can be made even smaller. Furthermore, in the magnetic support device 10, by increasing the magnetic force of the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22, the vertical component Frv of the resultant force Fr can be increased.

Therefore, in the magnetic support device 10, by arranging the fixed magnets 20 and the moving magnets 22 according to the load of the moving body 12, the moving body 12 can be supported on the track base 16 in a non-contact state. Further, when increasing the load that can be supported, the moving magnets 22 can be arranged in the orbital direction of the track 14, so that the magnetic support device 10 can suppress spreading in the track width direction to increase the supported load.

Here, a combination (a modification of the arrangement) of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet in this aspect will be explained. 5A to 5D, FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6B show modified examples of the combination of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet in this embodiment.

In the first embodiment, the fixed magnet 20 and the moving magnet 22 are arranged as a pair, but as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a configuration including at least one set of a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet If so, it becomes possible to support the supported body using the attractive force and repulsive force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

FIG. 5A shows a magnetic support section 30A. A plurality of magnets 32 (corresponding to the fixed magnets 20) as first permanent magnets are arranged in the magnetic support portion 30A (in FIG. 5A, two magnets are used as an example). In this case, the magnet 34 (corresponding to the moving magnet 22) as the second permanent magnet is placed between the two magnets 32 (at the boundary), and the upper magnet 32 is not attached to the lower magnet 32. They may be arranged so that the magnetic directions are opposite to each other. Thereby, a magnetic pole surface (second magnetic pole surface) having a different polarity can be arranged in the magnet 34 immediately adjacent to the first magnetic pole surface (the magnetic pole surface on the magnet 34 side) of each of the two magnets 32 .

In the magnetic support section 30A, the magnet 34 that receives the load from the supported object is supported by the attractive force and repulsive force generated between each of the two magnets 32, so that the supporting force can be effectively increased. Further, the magnet 34 is restrained from moving above the equilibrium position by the magnet 32. Furthermore, in the magnetic support section 30A, when increasing the supporting force, the installation area does not increase, so it is possible to downsize the device.

FIG. 5B shows the magnetic support portion 30B. The magnetic support part 30B is provided with a pair of magnets 32 (32A, 32B) as a first permanent magnet, and a magnet 34 as a second permanent magnet is arranged between the two magnets 32A, 32B. ing. In this case, the magnets 32A, 32B have magnetic pole faces of the same polarity (for example, N pole) facing each other, and the magnet 34 has magnetic pole faces of different polarity (for example, S pole face) between the magnetic pole faces of the magnets 32A, 32B. ) is placed.

Thereby, the magnet 34 is supported by the attractive force and repulsive force generated between each of the pair of magnets 32A and 32B, so that the magnetic support portion 30B can effectively increase the supporting force. Furthermore, since the spacing between the magnets 32A and 32B can be narrowed, the magnetic support section 30B can support the supported object with a narrow installation area, making it possible to downsize the device. Furthermore, since the magnetizing direction components of the magnet 34 in the attractive force between the magnet 32A and the magnet 34 and the attractive force between the magnet 32B and the magnet 34 cancel each other out, the magnet 34 is moved by the magnets 32A and 32B to the magnet 32A side and the magnet 32B side. Movement towards each can be mutually restricted.

Further, FIG. 5C shows a magnetic support portion 30C. In the magnetic support part 30C, each of the magnets 32 as a first permanent magnet is arranged in pairs above and below, and a plurality of magnets 34 as a second permanent magnet are arranged in the magnetization direction of the magnets 34. ing. Further, the magnets 32 are arranged so that their magnetization directions are alternately opposite, and the magnets 34 are located between the two magnets 32, at the lower part of the lower magnet 32, and at the lower part of the upper magnet 32. The upper portions of the magnets are arranged such that the magnetization directions are alternately opposite to each other.

As a result, each of the magnets 34 adjacent to the upper part of the upper magnet 32 and the lower part of the lower magnet 32 are each attracted by the attractive force and the repulsive force between each of the two adjacent magnets 32. It is supported toward the opposite side to the magnetization direction. Further, the magnet 34 located in the middle of the magnets 32 is supported in the magnetization direction by the attractive force and repulsive force between it and the four magnets 32. At this time, in the magnetic support portion 30C, the magnets 34 are moved relative to each other along the magnetization direction of the magnets 34 by the magnets 32 arranged on both sides of the plurality of magnets 34 (the magnet 34 is moved to either side of the magnets 32 on both sides). (relative movement toward one side) is suppressed. Further, the magnet 34 between the upper magnet 32 and the lower magnet 32 is restrained from moving upward or downward from the equilibrium position.

Therefore, in the magnetic support part 30C, a large supporting force is effectively generated in the three magnets 34 that integrally support the supported object, and even when a load is applied, the magnets 34 can be moved in the magnetization direction. is suppressed and the supported object can be supported. Further, in the magnetic support portion 30C, when increasing the supporting force, the installation area does not increase, so the device can be further miniaturized.

FIG. 5D shows the magnetic support portion 30D. The magnetic support portion 30D is provided with a pair of magnets 34 (34A, 34B) as second permanent magnets, and a magnet 32 as a first permanent magnet is arranged between the magnets 34A, 34B. Further, in the magnetic support portion 30D, the magnet 32 is fixed, and a supported body is supported across the magnets 34A and 34B.

In this case, the magnets 34A and 34B are magnetized in the vertical direction (load direction), and the magnet 32 is magnetized in the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the vertical direction). Also, in the immediate vicinity of each of the magnetic pole faces of the magnet 32, magnets 34A and 34B whose magnetic pole faces have a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face are arranged.

Thereby, each of the pair of magnets 34A, 34B is supported by the attractive force and repulsive force generated between it and the magnet 32, so that the supporting force can be effectively increased. Further, since it is possible to suppress the distance between the magnets 34A and 34B from increasing, it is possible to suppress the installation area of the device from increasing, and it is possible to reduce the size of the device. Furthermore, since the magnets 34A and 34B are connected by the supported body, the magnetizing direction components of the magnet 32 in the attractive force between the magnet 34A and the magnet 32 and the attractive force between the magnet 34B and the magnet 32 cancel each other out. Therefore, movement of each of the magnets 34A and 34B toward the magnet 32 side can be mutually suppressed.

On the other hand, in an air-core solenoid coil, the internal magnetic field is almost uniform. In a solenoid coil, the magnetomotive force can be increased by increasing the number of turns or increasing the length, but this also increases magnetic resistance, which suppresses an increase in internal magnetic flux and suppresses magnetic force. This solenoid coil includes a Helmholtz coil in which the coil radius is equal to the axial length of the coil, and the Helmholtz coil has the best efficiency of magnetomotive force relative to the number of turns.

Even in permanent magnets, if the cross section in the magnetization direction is square, there is a magnetization current that can produce the same effect as a solenoid coil with any magnetization current located at a symmetrical position in the magnetization direction. The strength of the magnetic field is maximum. Furthermore, in magnetic support using two permanent magnets, the supporting force can be increased by increasing the magnetomotive force of at least one of them.

From this, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet have at least one square cross section in the magnetization direction, so that the strength of the magnetic field can be increased, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet The supporting force of the magnet can be increased.

In FIGS. 6A and 6B, permanent magnets each having a substantially square cross section in the magnetization direction are used as the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

FIG. 6A shows a magnetic support section 40A. The magnetic support part 40A uses a magnet 42 as a first permanent magnet and a magnet 44 as a second permanent magnet, and the magnets 42 and 44 are arranged in a direction in which the magnetization directions intersect perpendicularly to each other. . The magnets 42 and 44 may have a substantially square cross section along the magnetization direction of the magnet 42 and the magnetization direction of the magnet 44, and the magnets 42 and 44 may have a square block shape in outer shape. is preferable, but rectangular block shapes may also be used.

The magnet 42 has a horizontal magnetization direction, and the magnet 44 has a magnetization direction that perpendicularly intersects the magnetization direction of the magnet 42. A magnet 44 is placed in the immediate vicinity of the surface. In addition, the magnet 44 has a magnetic pole surface (for example, a lower surface) adjacent to the magnet 42 that has a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole surface of the magnet 42 (for example, S very).

As a result, in the magnetic support portion 40A, attractive force and repulsive force are generated between the magnet 42 and the magnet 44, and the magnet 42 is supported by the magnet 44 without contacting it by the attractive force and repulsive force. In addition, in the magnetic support section 40A, since the cross sections of the magnets 42 and 44 in the magnetization direction are approximately square, supporting force can be obtained more efficiently than in the magnetic support section 30A (see FIG. 5A). This makes it possible to downsize the device.

FIG. 6B shows the magnetic support portion 40B. In the magnetic support portion 40B, a plurality of pairs (in FIG. 6B, four pairs as an example) of magnets 42 as first permanent magnets are arranged in a direction (as an example, vertically). The pair of magnets 42 have mutually opposing magnetic pole surfaces having the same polarity. Between the magnets 42 arranged in pairs, a plurality of magnets 44 as second permanent magnets are arranged along the magnetization direction of the magnets 44 (a direction intersecting the magnetization direction of the magnets 42). , the magnets 44 are magnetized in alternately opposite directions.

In addition, in the magnetic support portion 40B, the magnetic pole face of the magnet 44 is arranged at an intermediate position between the magnets 42 that are vertically adjacent to each other. Further, in the magnetic support portion 40B, the polarity of the magnetic pole face of the magnet 42 on the magnet 44 side is different from the polarity of the magnetic pole face of the magnet 44 adjacent to this magnetic pole face. Note that the mutually adjacent magnets 44 are arranged so that the magnetic pole surfaces of the same polarity are in contact with each other, and a repulsive force is generated between the mutually adjacent magnets 44. Therefore, in the magnetic support portion 40B, the adjacent magnets 44 are bonded together by adhesive means such as an adhesive, and the repulsive force restricts the adjacent magnets 44 from separating from each other.

As a result, in the magnetic support portion 40B, among the attractive force (and repulsive force) generated between the magnet 44 and each of the magnets 42 on both sides of the magnet 44, components in the magnetization direction of the magnet 42 cancel each other out. Therefore, in the magnetic support portion 40B, relative movement of the magnets 42 and 44 in the direction in which they approach each other (the direction in which the magnets 42 are magnetized) can be suppressed. Furthermore, in the magnetic support section 40B, each of the three magnets 44 is supported by the attractive force and the repulsive force between each of the four magnets 42, so that a supported object with a large load can be supported by the three magnets 44. can support.

Therefore, in the magnetic support part 40B, the plurality of magnets 42 are arranged along the magnetization direction of the magnet 44 so that the polarity of the magnetic pole surface on the magnet 44 side is alternately different, and furthermore, each of the magnets 42 is arranged on the magnet 44 side. By arranging the magnetic pole face of the magnet 44 with a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic pole face, the supporting force for the supported object can be effectively increased.

In addition, in the magnetic support part 40B, the plurality of magnets 44 are arranged along the magnetization direction of the magnets 44 and in close proximity to the magnetic pole surfaces of the magnets 42, with different magnetic pole surfaces being closely spaced, so that the supported object can be Supporting capacity can be increased more effectively. Furthermore, in the magnetic support portion 40B, by arranging a plurality of pairs of magnets 42 with the magnets 44 in between, the supporting force for the supported object can be further effectively increased.

Further, in the magnetic support portion 40B, each of the magnets 42 and 44 has a substantially square cross-sectional shape that can increase the magnetic flux per unit volume, so that a large supporting force can be effectively obtained. Therefore, in the magnetic support portion 40B, high supporting force can be obtained while suppressing the increase in size of the device. Further, each of the magnets 44 is restrained from moving upward or downward from the equilibrium position by the magnetic pole faces of the opposing magnets 42.

[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described.
In the first embodiment, the magnetic support device 10 that supports the moving body 12 that is moved along the linear (band-shaped) track 14 was explained as an example, but in the second embodiment, the magnetic bearing 50 is used as the magnetic support device. is applied. FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration of the main parts of a magnetic bearing 50 according to the second embodiment in a cross-sectional view along the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, a rotating shaft 52 is applied to the magnetic bearing 50 as a floating object and a supported object, and the rotating shaft 52 has a cylindrical outer shape. The magnetic bearing 50 rotatably supports the rotating shaft 52 by supporting the rotating shaft 52 in a non-contact state (with the rotating shaft 52 floating relative to the fixed side of the magnetic bearing 50). Note that the rotating shaft 52 may have a cylindrical shape, and any rotating shaft such as the rotating shaft (output shaft) of an electric motor can be applied to the rotating shaft 52.

The magnetic bearing 50 is provided with bearing parts 50A and 50B that constitute magnetic support parts, and the magnetic bearing 50 supports the rotating shaft 52 in each of the bearing parts 50A and 50B. Support at two locations in the axial direction. In the magnetic bearing 50 in the second embodiment, one of the bearing parts 50A and 50B functions as a restriction means that restricts the movement of the other in the axial direction. Note that the two bearing parts 50A and 50B have the same basic structure, and below, the bearing part 50A will be mainly explained as the magnetic bearing 50.

The magnetic bearing 50 (bearing portion 50A) includes a rotating portion 54 and a supporting portion 56 as a fixed portion. A ring body 58 having a substantially cylindrical outer circumference and a predetermined outer diameter is disposed in the rotating portion 54 . A disk-shaped flange portion 58A is formed in the ring body 58 as a connecting portion. The flange portion 58A has an axial center portion connected to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 52, and a radially outer end connected to the inner peripheral surface of the axially intermediate portion of the ring body 58.

Thereby, the ring body 58 is attached to the rotating shaft 52, and is rotated integrally with the rotating shaft 52 when the rotating shaft 52 is rotated. Note that the ring body 58 is not limited to the disk-shaped flange portion 58A, and may be formed as long as there is no variation in centrifugal force during rotation, such as a plurality of spokes extending radially from the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 52. It may be configured such that it is connected to the rotating shaft 52 by.

The rotating part 54 is provided with a rotating magnet 60 as a second permanent magnet. The rotating magnet 60 is formed into a cylindrical shape (cylindrical shape) with an axial length similar to the axial length of the ring body 58 (the rotating magnet 60 may be slightly longer than the ring body 58). , the rotating magnet 60 has a rectangular cross section in the radial direction. The rotating magnet 60 is magnetized in the radial direction, and the inner circumferential surface of the rotating magnet 60 is a magnetic pole face 60B with an S pole, and the outer circumferential surface is a magnetic pole face 60A with an N pole.

The inner diameter of the rotating magnet 60 is the same as the outer diameter of the ring body 58, and the rotating magnet 60 is attached to the outer circumference of the ring body 58 with the ring body 58 fitted on the inner circumferential surface. Thereby, the rotating magnet 60 is rotated integrally with the rotating shaft 52 and the ring body 58 as the rotating shaft 52 is rotated and the ring body 58 is rotated.

The support portion 56 is provided with a pair of support legs 62 (62A, 62B). The support legs 62 are arranged in pairs along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 52 at predetermined intervals, and each of the support legs 62 is fixed at a position where the magnetic bearing 50 is installed (not shown). In the following description, when distinguishing between the pair of support legs 62, one side in the axial direction is referred to as the support leg 62A, and the other side in the axial direction is referred to as the support leg 62B.

A circular through hole 64 is coaxially formed through each of the pair of support legs 62, and the inner diameter of the through hole 64 is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 52. The rotating shaft 52 is inserted into the through hole 64 of the pair of support legs 62, and the rotating part 54 (ring body 58 and rotating magnet 60) is disposed between the pair of support legs 62. The support leg 62 is rotatable relative to the rotating shaft 52.

A ring-shaped fixed magnet 66 as a first permanent magnet is disposed on each of the pair of support legs 62, and the fixed magnet 66 has a rectangular cross section in the radial direction. The fixed magnet 66 is magnetized in the axial direction, and one surface in the axial direction is a north-pole magnetic pole surface 66A, and the other surface in the axial direction is a south-pole magnetic pole surface 66B. The fixed magnets 66 are attached to the surface of each of the support legs 62 on the rotating part 54 (rotating magnet 60) side so that their axes are coaxial with the axes of the rotating magnets 60.

The fixed magnet 66 has an inner diameter, an outer diameter, and a magnetic force each formed to match the inner diameter of the rotating magnet 60, the outer diameter of the rotating magnet 60, the magnetic force of the rotating magnet 60, and the magnetization direction of the rotating magnet 60. . At this time, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the fixed magnet 66 and the polarity of the magnetic pole face facing the rotating magnet 60 are such that the direction of the magnetizing current Im in the vicinity of the magnetic pole face facing the rotating magnet 60 in the fixed magnet 66 is adjacent to the magnetic pole face. The direction is the same as the magnetizing current Im of the magnetic pole face of the rotating magnet 60.

When the fixed magnet 66 is aligned with the magnetic pole surface 60B, which is the inner peripheral surface of the rotating magnet 60, the fixed magnet 66 is attached to each of the support legs 62A and 62B with the north pole magnetic pole surface 66A facing the rotating magnet 60 side. It will be done. Further, the fixed magnet 66 has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating magnet 60, and an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating magnet 60. Furthermore, the inner diameter, outer diameter, and magnetic force of the fixed magnet 66 may be set so that the rotating magnet 60 is located at an equilibrium point when the axial center is arranged coaxially with the axial center of the rotating magnet 60. More preferred.

In addition, when the inner peripheral surface of the rotating magnet 60 is made into the magnetic pole surface 60A of N pole, the fixed magnet 66 is attached to the support leg 62A with the magnetic pole surface 66B facing the rotating magnet 60 side. Further, the fixed magnet 66 may be formed to match the magnetic pole surface 60A on the outer peripheral side of the rotating magnet 60. In either case, the rotating magnet 60 may be placed at a position where the radial position is at an equilibrium point with the fixed magnet 66.

Each of the pair of support legs 62 has a ring-shaped recess 68 formed on its opposing surface, and each of the fixed magnets 66 is fitted into the recess 68. Thereby, each of the fixed magnets 66 can be placed in a position where the side surface of the rotating magnet 60 (a surface different from the magnetic pole faces 60A and 60B) forms a predetermined gap in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic pole face 66A or the magnetic pole face 66B. There is.

On the other hand, an electromagnet 70 as a restricting means is disposed on one of the pair of support legs 62, and the electromagnet 70 is attached to the surface of the support legs 62 on the opposite side from the rotating part 54. In the second embodiment, the electromagnet 70 is attached to the support leg 62B of the bearing section 50A and the support leg 62A of the bearing section 50B.

The electromagnet 70 includes an iron core 72 and a coil 74. The iron core 72 is formed into a ring shape with a predetermined thickness. The iron core 72 has a ring-shaped concave portion 72A formed on one surface in the axial direction, and the concave portion 72A has a substantially U-shape in which the axial cross section is opened toward the side opposite to the fixed magnet 66. ing. The iron core 72 has its axis coaxially arranged with the axis of the through hole 64 of the support leg 62, and its surface opposite to the recessed portion 72A is attached to the support leg 62. Further, the coil 74 is formed by being wound in the circumferential direction of the iron core 72 within the concave portion 72A of the iron core 72.

A disk 76 is attached to the rotating shaft 52 so as to face the electromagnet 70 and rotate together with the disk 76 . The disk 76 is formed using a ferromagnetic material such as iron, and is integrally connected to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 52 that passes through the shaft center. As a result, in the electromagnet 70, a predetermined current (DC current) flows through the coil 74, so that the iron core 72 is magnetized, and an attractive force of the disk 76 is generated.

Here, in the magnetic bearing 50, by adjusting the attraction force of the electromagnet 70 of each of the bearing parts 50A, 50B, the relative movement of the bearing parts 50A, 50B in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 52 is restricted, and the relative position is be adjusted. That is, in the magnetic bearing 50, the position of the ring body 58 between the pair of support legs 62 is adjusted in each of the bearing parts 50A and 50B by the electromagnets 70 arranged in pairs. As a result, in the magnetic bearing 50, the axial position of the rotating part 54 with respect to the support leg 62 is limited so that a predetermined gap is formed between the rotating magnet 6 and the fixed magnet 66 in each of the bearing parts 50A and 50B. Ru.

In the magnetic bearing 50 configured in this way, the fixed magnets 66 are arranged on both sides of the rotating magnet 60 in the axial direction, and the magnetic pole face 60B of the rotating magnet 60 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of each magnetic pole face 66A of the fixed magnet 66. There is. Therefore, the rotating magnet 60 is held in a radially balanced position by the fixed magnet 66, and the rotating shaft 52 is supported in a non-contact manner with respect to the supporting portion 56 in each of the bearing portions 50A and 50B.

In the rotating magnet 60, an attractive force (an axial component of the combined force of the attractive force and the repulsive force) is generated between each of the fixed magnets 66 on both sides in the axial direction. axial movement is suppressed. Further, in the magnetic bearing 50, an electromagnet 70 is provided in each of the bearing parts 50A and 50B, and each electromagnet 70 attracts a disc 76. At this time, the electromagnets 70 attract the disks 76 in opposite directions in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 52.

Therefore, in the magnetic bearing 50, the electromagnet 70 restricts the movement of the rotating shaft 52 in the axial direction, and the movement of the rotating magnet 60 toward the fixed magnet 66 is suppressed. As a result, in the magnetic bearing 50, the rotating magnet 60 is allowed to rotate without contacting the fixed magnet 66, and the rotating shaft 52 is rotated without contact, so that the rotating shaft 52 is prevented from receiving frictional resistance. Can rotate smoothly.

By the way, when the rotating shaft 52 is rotated, a centrifugal force directed outward in the radial direction is generated in the rotating portion 54. Normally, centrifugal force occurs on both sides in the diametrical direction, but as the centrifugal force becomes larger in a part of the circumferential direction than in other parts, the rotating magnet 60 tends to be moved radially outward in that part.

Here, a force is generated between each of the rotating magnets 60 and the fixed magnets 66 to pull back the rotating magnets 60 radially inward, which are trying to move radially outward, and the rotating magnets 60 try to move radially inward. A force is generated that pulls the rotating magnet 60 back toward the outside in the radial direction. As a result, in the magnetic bearing 50, when the rotating shaft 52 is rotated, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of axis misalignment in which the axial center of the rotating shaft 52 moves in the radial direction, so that the rotating shaft 52 rotates smoothly. I can support it.

On the other hand, in the magnetic bearing 50, by increasing the attractive force and repulsive force generated between the rotating magnet 60 and the fixed magnet 66, smooth rotational support of the rotating shaft 52 is possible. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5A etc., in the magnetic bearing 50, by arranging the fixed magnet 66 or the rotating magnet 60 and the fixed magnet 66 in a plurality of load directions (the magnetizing direction of the rotating magnet 60), a larger attractive force can be obtained. and repulsive force can be obtained.

As a result, in the magnetic bearing 50, it is possible to suppress the device from increasing in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 52 in order to increase the supporting force of the rotating shaft 52, and it is possible to effectively increase the supporting force of the rotating shaft 52. .

Note that in the second embodiment, the support part 56 is fixed and the rotation part 54 is rotated with respect to the support part 56 without contact, so that the rotation shaft 52 is supported by the support part 56 and rotated without contact. I explained it so that it would be done. However, the magnetic bearing 50 may have a configuration in which, for example, the support portion 56 is attached to a truck, and the rotating portion 54 rotates on the rail or the road surface, so that the truck is moved along the rail or the road surface. Thereby, the rotating part 54 serving as a wheel can be rotated while being supported by the supporting part 56 in a non-contact manner.

Further, in the second embodiment, a ring-shaped rotating magnet 60 and a fixed magnet 66 each having a rectangular radial cross section are used. However, the rotating magnet 60 and the fixed magnet 66 are not limited to being integrally formed, but may be formed by a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, in the second embodiment, fixed magnets 66 are arranged in pairs with the rotating magnet 60 interposed therebetween. However, in the bearing parts 50A, 50B, two stationary magnets 66 may be arranged in pairs in close contact in the radial direction, and in the bearing parts 50A, 50B, a plurality of rotating magnets 60 may be arranged in the radial direction In addition, a plurality of pairs of fixed magnets 66 may be arranged with a plurality of rotating magnets 60 in between.

In these cases, the plurality of fixed magnets 66 are arranged along the magnetization direction of the rotating magnet 60 (radial direction of the rotating shaft 52) and so that the polarity of the magnetic pole surface on the rotating magnet 60 side is alternately different. The magnetic pole face of the rotating magnet 60 having a polarity different from that of the magnetic pole face may be disposed immediately adjacent to the magnetic pole face on the rotating magnet 60 side of the rotating magnet 66 . In addition, the plurality of rotating magnets 60 may have different magnetic pole surfaces in close contact with each other along the magnetization direction of the rotating magnets 60 (radial direction of the rotating shaft 52) and in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic pole surface of the fixed magnet 66. As a result, the magnetic bearing 50 (bearing parts 50A, 50B) can effectively increase the supporting force for the rotating shaft 52 without increasing the length along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 52, and the magnetic bearing 50 (bearing parts 50A, 50B) can effectively increase the supporting force for the rotating shaft 52 during high-speed rotation. However, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of shaft wobbling or the like in the rotating shaft 52.

Furthermore, the rotating magnet 60 and the fixed magnet 66 are not limited to having a rectangular cross section in the radial direction, and at least one of them may have a substantially square shape. By making the radial cross section of the rotating magnet 60 and the fixed magnet 66 substantially square, the magnetic flux per unit volume can be increased and a large supporting force can be obtained, so even during high-speed rotation, the rotating shaft 52 can be The occurrence of blur, etc. can be effectively suppressed.

In addition, in 1st Embodiment, the magnetic support device 10 was demonstrated as an example, and in 2nd Embodiment, the magnetic bearing 50 was demonstrated as an example. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these, and can be applied to various configurations in which a supported body is supported in a non-contact manner using a permanent magnet.

The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-003809 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
All documents, patent applications and technical standards mentioned herein are specifically and individually incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual document, patent application and technical standard were incorporated by reference; Incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (6)

A first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, the magnetization directions of which are perpendicular to each other, have a magnetic pole face of one polarity of the first permanent magnet and a magnetic pole face of the second polarity that is different from the magnetic pole face of the first permanent magnet. The magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets are adjacent to each other so that the magnetizing current is dominant in terms of attraction and repulsion between them, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected to the second permanent magnet. a magnetic support part that is relatively movable along the magnetization direction;
One of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is fixed, a supported body is provided on the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the supported body is fixed to the first permanent magnet. a fixed part supported by attractive force and repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet;
Magnetic support device with. The magnetic support part is configured such that one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided in a pair, and the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is provided in the pair. The magnetic support device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic support device is disposed between the two. 3. The magnetic support device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic support section is provided with each of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet on both sides of the supported body. in the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet of the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet with respect to one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet fixed to the fixed part; The magnetic support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a restricting means for restricting relative movement along the magnetic support device. The magnetic support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet has a square cross section along the magnetization direction. In the magnetic support section, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are each formed in an annular shape and arranged so that their central axes are overlapped, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged as the supported body. Any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a rotating body disposed at the axial center of the second permanent magnet rotates integrally with the other of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. The magnetic support device described in .