JP7408062B1 - Weeding device and weeding method using this device in paddy fields - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] The present invention blows away weeds in the early stages of emergence on the ground surface by blowing air onto the ground surface of a paddy field, and causes the weeds to float on the water surface by stirring action, thereby completely weeding the field. Furthermore, the present invention provides a weeding device and weeding method that blocks light and suppresses the growth of weeds by using turbid water. [Solution] The boat body 1 has a bottom surface of a regular cube made of a frame and reinforcing material made of urethane foam soft board, has a cavity 5 that can store air, and has a blower 3 installed at the front of the upper part of the boat body 1 in the direction of travel. A propulsion device 4 is provided at the rear in the direction of travel, and an air injection hose 7 is provided for injecting air from the bottom of the boat body 1 toward the soil at the bottom of the water. From the row onwards, multiple rows are arranged with a 2 cm difference between each row. A plate-shaped guide board 6 is provided on both sides of the boat body 1 to prevent the sprayed air from spreading, and air is blown from the air jet hose 7 to blow away weeds on the rice field. A weeding device for paddy fields that removes weeds by stirring soil and water. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a weed control device for organic rice cultivation in paddy fields, and a weed control method using the device.

BACKGROUND ART Devices have conventionally existed for removing weeds in paddy fields where rice is grown by pouring water onto a muddy medium and allowing the roots to grow in the muddy medium.
For example, a mobile body is equipped with a navigation device for navigating through paddy-like cultivated land, and a gas injection nozzle that injects gas from the mobile body toward the soil at the bottom of the water, and the gas injected from the gas injection nozzle is This is a weeding device for paddy-like cultivated land that removes weeds by stirring a muddy medium using a weeding device that is equipped with a weeding gas supply means that outputs an air flow separate from the boat's propulsion mechanism. is disclosed. However, the weeding gas supply means is provided with only one row of seven nozzles on each side at approximately equal intervals at the rear in the direction of travel of the boat. In addition, in order to float and move the boat, it is possible to use a single fan to supply the gas used for injection from the jet nozzle of the aircraft body, or to use a propulsion device as a navigation device for mobile propulsion separately from the jet nozzle of the weeding device. A device having a mechanism (for example, see Patent Document 1) is known.
On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, a cavity is provided in a rectangular parallelepiped boat, for example, 180 cm long x 180 cm wide x 13 cm high, and an air-conditioned space is provided to store air sent from a blower. A blower is installed in the front, and the blower is configured to blow air into the boat body.A propeller operated by the engine is installed at the rear of the top of the boat body, and steering blades are also installed, and the propulsion speed and turning are controlled by radio control. The aim is to eliminate weeds in organic rice cultivation without using pesticides such as herbicides, by using a weeding device that can control rice fields.

JP 2021-185895 A (see claims column, detailed description of the invention column, and FIGS. 1 to 7)

The biggest challenge in organic rice cultivation is weed control. Comparing rice and weeds, weeds have a strong vitality and are superior in growth speed, reproductive ability, and ability to absorb nutrients.
Therefore, if left untreated, weeds will spread throughout the paddy field, hindering the growth of the rice, resulting in a significant drop in yield and a serious deterioration in quality due to frequent pests and diseases.
Therefore, if it were possible to suppress weeds without using herbicides, organic rice cultivation would become more widespread, contributing to conservation of the natural environment, food safety, farmers' labor force, and economic efficiency. The present invention blows away weeds in the early stages of emergence on the surface layer of the paddy field by blowing air onto the surface of the paddy field, and causes the weeds to float on the surface of the water through agitation, thereby eliminating weeds over the entire area. In addition, he invented a weeding device and a weeding method that have the effect of suppressing weed growth by blocking light with turbid water.

A first invention of the present invention capable of achieving the above object is a weeding device for paddy field cultivation as set forth in claim 1, which is as follows.
A device for weeding weeds during organic rice cultivation in paddy fields, which has a boat body for navigating through the paddy fields. an air injection hose that is provided with a blower at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, a propulsion device at the rear in the direction of travel, and injects air sent from the blower from the bottom of the boat toward the soil at the bottom of the water; A plurality of nozzles are arranged at 10 cm intervals in one row, and the nozzles are arranged in multiple rows, and the nozzles are shifted several cm from the second row so that the entire bottom surface of the boat can be weeded.

A second invention of the present invention capable of achieving the above object is a weeding device for paddy cultivated land as described in claim 2, and is as follows.
This is a weed weeding device used in organic rice cultivation in cultivated paddy land where water is poured over the rice fields to grow crops, and it has a boat body for navigating through the cultivated paddy fields, and the boat body is made of lightweight metal. A boat body was formed using frame materials and reinforcing materials to be 180 cm long x 180 cm wide x 10 cm high.The bottom of the rectangular parallelepiped made of the boat was formed from urethane foam soft board, and the other surfaces were , made of aluminum composite plate or soft board, provided with a cavity that can store air, a blower is provided at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, a propulsion device is provided at the rear in the direction of travel, and the bottom of the boat is equipped with a blower. It is equipped with a nozzle consisting of an air injection hose that injects air from the water toward the soil at the bottom of the water, and a plurality of the air injection hoses are provided in one row at 10 cm intervals. Multiple rows of hoses similar to the air jet hoses are provided from the second row onward, spaced 2 cm apart, and plate-shaped guide boards are installed on both sides of the boat to prevent the air from dispersing. The generated air blows away weeds on the rice field, and the system also removes weeds by stirring the surface soil and water.

A third aspect of the present invention capable of achieving the above object is a weeding device for paddy fields as described in claim 3, which is as follows.
In addition to the invention as set forth in claim 2, a blower which is a weeding air supply means that injects air at a wind speed of 4 m/s or more to 9 m/s or less from a nozzle made of the air injection hose, and a boat body. The nozzle, which is connected through a cavity and is made up of the air injection hose, is installed close to the surface of the field and at a position that penetrates 5 mm or less from the soil.

A fourth invention of the present invention capable of achieving the above object is a weeding method in paddy field cultivated land as described in claim 4, which is as follows.
This is a weeding method for removing weeds in organic rice cultivation in which water is poured onto the rice field and roots are spread on the rice field, and the rice is planted 2 to 3 days after puddling in the paddy field, and 4 days after the rice is planted. The first weeding operation is carried out on the 5th day of the operation, and the weeding operation is carried out approximately once a week until the mid-dry season. This is a method of removing it.

The weeding device for paddy field cultivated land and the weeding method using this device according to the present invention have the configuration as described above, and therefore produce the effects described below.
(1) By blowing air without using herbicides, most of the initial weeds that appear on rice fields float to the surface of the water, making it possible to eliminate weeds.
(2) Since herbicides are not used, it is possible to grow rice organically, which contributes to the preservation of the natural environment, food safety, and reduction of farmers' labor, which also contributes to economic efficiency.
(3) Since weeding is performed using air, there is less seedling dropout and damage to seedlings.
(4) By using the product of the present invention, as a result, the surface soil and water are agitated by air, resulting in significant turbidity of water and a significant weed growth suppressing effect.
(5) During operation, in order to prevent soil blown away by the air jets generated from both sides of the boat from scattering along with water spray, which could lead to engine trouble, a plate-shaped structure should be installed downwards from both sides of the boat. By installing a guide board, it is possible to prevent water from splashing onto the propulsion engine and the air blower.
(6) Since the boat body is a rectangular parallelepiped , it is possible to prevent the boat from stopping by chamfering the square sides of the boat to prevent it from being unable to move forward due to contact with ridges during operation.
(7) A plurality of silicone hose nozzles, which serve as air delivery ports, are installed in the first row (as an example, 15 nozzles are provided at 10cm intervals for a boat measuring 180cm x 180cm), and multiple rows are installed in the first row. In contrast to the silicone hoses installed at 10cm intervals, by shifting 2cm by 2cm and installing 15 hoses at 10cm intervals, and then installing a total of 5 rows at 40cm intervals, almost the entire area of the rice field that you want to weed can be weeded without any gaps. It can kill weeds.
(8) The hull is made of standardized lightweight materials, making use of inexpensive and easily available materials, and weighs approximately 84 kg, making it easy to transport between rice fields and land using tractors and other materials. Agricultural machinery used by farmers cultivating paddy fields, such as a tractor dump, is sufficient.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a weeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG. 1 of a weeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view illustrating only the bottom plate of the boat body taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 and showing the arrangement of air injection hoses for air delivery of the weeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing a frame and reinforcing material of a weeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic left side view of FIG. 1 showing only the air injection hose in the front row of the weeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A device for weeding weeds during organic rice cultivation in paddy fields, which has a boat body for navigating through the paddy fields. an air injection hose that is provided with a blower at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, a propulsion device at the rear in the direction of travel, and injects air sent from the blower from the bottom of the boat toward the soil at the bottom of the water; A plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals of 10 cm in one row, and the nozzles are arranged in multiple rows, and the nozzles are arranged several cm apart from the second row so that the entire bottom surface of the boat can be weeded. A weeding device for paddy field cultivation, and a weeding device for organic rice cultivation in paddy field cultivation where water is poured onto the rice field to grow crops, and a boat for navigating through paddy field cultivation. The boat body is made of lightweight metal material and is made of frame materials and reinforcing materials so that it measures 180 cm long x 180 cm wide x 10 cm high, and the bottom of the rectangular parallelepiped made of the boat body is made of urethane foam. The other surfaces are made of aluminum composite boards or soft boards, and a cavity is provided to store air.A blower is formed at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, and a propeller is formed at the rear of the boat in the direction of travel. The apparatus is provided with a nozzle consisting of an air injection hose that injects air from the bottom of the boat toward the soil at the bottom of the water, and a plurality of air injection hoses are provided in one row at 10 cm intervals, Multiple rows of injection hoses similar to the first row were provided at intervals, and from the second row onward, multiple rows were provided at intervals of 2 cm, and plate-shaped guide boards were installed on both sides of the boat to prevent the injection air from spreading. This is a weeding device for paddy fields that blows away weeds on the rice field with air jetted from the nozzle of the air jet hose, and removes weeds by stirring the surface soil and water.

Hereinafter, the weeding device for paddy fields according to the present invention and the weeding method using the device will be explained.
The present invention has been improved so that weeds can be removed from the entire surface of a rice field, which was not possible with the prior art, and in addition, air can be introduced into the hollow part of the boat body to obtain buoyancy. Various problems with the previous model were reviewed and improved, such as by installing plate-shaped guide boards made of soft boards on both sides of the boat to prevent the blower installed on the top of the boat and the propulsion mechanism from being sprayed by water from the wind. be.
In the present invention, the shape of the boat body (hereinafter referred to as a boat) is a rectangular parallelepiped with circular corners 2, and is made of various materials, such as standard aluminum angles and The frame part and reinforcing part 9 are formed with square pipes, the bottom of the boat body is 180 cm x 180 cm and approximately 10 cm in height is formed with urethane foam soft board, and the other surfaces are formed with aluminum composite board or soft board. It has a hollow structure. It goes without saying that an aluminum reinforcing member 8 is provided to particularly support the blower and propeller with engine. In addition, a rectangular parallelepiped of 180 cm x 180 cm was adopted in order to widen the area for weeding and stirring work on the bottom of the boat, but the shape and size can be selected from various shapes according to the shape of the rice field.

As a specific example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a urethane foam soft board, for example, a board measuring 180 cm long x 180 cm wide x 3 cm thick, was used for the bottom of the boat to provide buoyancy. This urethane foam soft board was chosen because it has buoyancy, can withstand impact, is durable, does not easily weather, is gentle on rice, and is soft.
When the boat 1 of the above embodiment is placed in water, it will be about 3 cm below the water surface.
In addition, when placing the boat in water in a rice field, the weeding device of the present invention is placed on a tractor dump, which is an agricultural machine for transportation that is attached to the rear of a tractor, and the tractor is backed up to the edge of the muddy rice field. The tractor dump can be moved up and down, so by lowering it and submerging it in water in a paddy field, the weeding device (vessel) mounted on the tractor dump can be floated in the water, making it easy to load and unload by one person. It is something that can be done.
In the weeding device of the present invention, a blower 3 is installed at the front of the top surface of the boat 1 in the direction of travel, and a boat propulsion device 4 is installed at the rear of the boat, for example, a propeller with an engine that can control the existing direction turning. It is started before it is placed, and the engine-equipped propeller is controlled by an operating device, such as a radio control.
When boat 1 (weighing approximately 84 kg) is placed in water in a rice field, it will be 3 cm below the water surface.
However, since the blower 3 is fully activated, air is being fed into the cavity 5 of the boat 1, and the boat 1 floats 3 cm due to buoyancy. Therefore, it was confirmed that the position of boat 1 in the rice field was on the water surface during weeding work.
In addition, since the air from the blower 3 leaks from both sides of the bottom of the boat 1, in order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that by providing the soft plate-shaped guide board 6, the air escaping to both sides of the boat 1 was contained in the bottom surface of the boat 1.
Furthermore, it was possible to prevent water from splashing due to the air generated from both sides of the boat, thereby preventing engine troubles such as water entering the engine. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the straightness of the boat 1 was improved.
However, there are some problems with turning performance, and improvements must be made in this regard.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, by rounding the four corners 2 of the boat 1, it is possible to prevent the ridges from getting caught.

The air from the blower 3 installed at the front of the top of the boat 1 is lighter than water, soil, and weeds, and since weeding is carried out underwater in rice fields, the blower 3 has powerful air supply capabilities (wind speed, air volume, wind pressure). Needless to say, we will employ
The cavity 5 of the boat 1 becomes a space for storing the air supplied by the blower 3, and by setting the amount of air coming out from the air injection hose 7 (for example, a silicone hose) smaller than the amount of air supplied by the blower 3, The air within the cavity 5 of the boat 1 is pressurized and compressed.
Specifically, by setting the air outlet area from the blower 3 to 94.985 m2 and the total outlet area of the air injection hose 7 to 58.875 m2, strong air force can be transmitted to the submerged soil surface layer.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, an air injection hose 7 (a separate nozzle may be attached to the tip of the silicone hose) is installed at the bottom of the cavity of the boat 1 to deliver air into the water in the rice fields. 75 pieces are arranged efficiently.
The number of hoses is set at 75 in consideration of the balance between the amount of air supplied from the blower 3 and the amount of air discharged from the air injection hose 7.
Pressurized air is sent to the air injection hose 7, and while checking for changes in the underwater soil, soil 2.5 cm wide x 1 cm deep is blown away, and weeding work is performed.
That is, the working width is 2.5 cm x 75 silicone hoses = 187.5 cm, and since the width of the boat 1 is 180 cm, it is possible to work covering the entire width of the boat 1.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the air injection hoses 7 are arranged in five rows. It was found that if the arrangement was arranged in one row, the installation width would be narrower, and the resistance from water, soil, weeds, and work residue would be greater. The rows are arranged in five rows at 40 cm intervals, with 10 cm in front and back at the 180 cm length of the boat 1.
Moreover, in each row, 15 air injection hoses 7 are installed at intervals of 10 cm, and each row is shifted by 2 cm, so that a total of 75 hoses are installed, with 15 hoses per row x 5 rows. The length of the air injection hose 7 was set to be 10 cm from the bottom of the boat 1. This is because water management for organic rice cultivation is often conducted at a depth of 10 cm. Needless to say, this should be adjusted depending on the depth of the water. If the length of the air injection hose 7 is too short, it will not reach the ground, and if it is too long, the tip of the air injection hose 7 will float due to the air inside the air injection hose 7 and will not be able to touch the ground.
Even if the blower 3 is operated (the engine is fully opened), the air does not blow downward, and the boat 1 rises about 3 cm out of the water due to the force of the air. The position of the bottom of the boat 1 at this time is designed to be approximately at the same height as the water surface.

Furthermore, if the installation angle of the air injection hose 7 is 45 degrees behind the boat 1, the distance from the installation location of the air injection hose 7 on the bottom of the boat 1 to the soil surface is 8 cm, and the length is increased by +2 cm considering the installation angle. The length is 10 cm.
Since the installation angle of the air injection hose 7 is set at 45 degrees rearward with respect to the direction of travel of the boat 1, air is released toward the rear of the boat 1, and the water flow is directed rearward at the bottom of the boat 1, causing weeds, rice straw, etc. This makes it easier to discharge work residue. Setting this angle reduces the resistance of water and soil, so the installation angle should be selected within the range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees, depending on the conditions of the rice field in which it will be used.
Further, in order to prevent the air injection hose 7 from clogging with mud, the tip of the silicone hose 8 is cut diagonally so as to flatten the ground surface.
At the rear of the upper surface of the boat 1, an engine propeller direction vane, which is a boat propulsion device 4, is installed, so the propulsion speed and direction of the boat 1 can be controlled by a control device, such as a radio control device, so that people can enter the rice field. This makes it possible to remove weeds without any hassle, leading to a reduction in heavy labor.

As mentioned above, it is configured like the boat 1 and can remove weeds with air.The mechanism is that the blower 3 sends air into the cavity 5 of the boat 1, and the air inside the cavity 5 of the boat 1 is , the amount coming out of the air injection hose 7 is set to be smaller than the amount coming in. Therefore, the air sent out from the air injection hose 7 is pressurized and compressed, and the air is placed in the hollow part 5 of the boat 1 at a position slightly shifted in each row so that it can be used all over the inner bottom of the hollow part 5. The air is blown out to the front of the working part through a row of air injection hoses 7.
The water, soil, and weeds are agitated by the air jetted from the air injection hose 7 placed on the inner bottom of the cavity 5 of the boat 1, and the soil adhering to the weeds is separated, and the weeds' own buoyancy causes the weeds to rise to the surface of the water. appear above.
In this way, since weeds that are difficult enemies of rice (e.g. barnyard grass, grasshopper, etc.) are targeted, these weeds only produce seeds within 1 cm of the soil surface, so it is possible to remove only the weeds and not the rice.
The above-mentioned weeds occur one after another over time depending on the depth of seed burying in the soil, environmental changes, etc., so it is necessary to perform weeding operations multiple times in accordance with the timing of their emergence.
In the case of only one row of air injection hoses 7, if the number of air injection hoses 7 is increased and the spacing is narrowed, the weeded weeds will become entangled with each other and become a hindrance to air injection. Furthermore, if the number of air injection hoses 7 is reduced and the interval is widened, weeds will not be weeded unevenly, resulting in many weeds being left behind, and the weeds will quickly take root deep underground and then be removed by air. Weeding becomes impossible.
Even if the soil is blown away with air, the rhizomes of weeds still have soil attached to them, so there is a high possibility that they will sink below the water surface. Therefore, those weeds will come back to life.
In contrast, the weeding device of the present invention blows weeds out of the soil, separates the soil and weeds by stirring water, soil, and weeds, and allows the weeds to float on the water surface and die.

In the air weeding of the present invention, since the air itself is light, the weeding operation does not cause any damage to the living bodies of the rice plants. It was confirmed that weeding work could be done the day after rice planting, and that even if Boat 1 remained in one place and continued blowing air, there was no harm to the growth of the rice.
In the water at the bottom of the boat 1, water, soil, and weeds are stirred by air. The weeds blown away by the air are separated from the soil attached to their roots in the water, and with their own buoyancy they float on the water surface and die. Since many weeds that are not attached to this soil float, the surface of the paddy field after stirring is in a state similar to that after puddling. Moreover, the stirring action over the entire bottom area of the boat 1 makes the water highly turbid, blocking light in the water and reducing the photosynthesis of weeds.
At a water level of 5 cm to 8 cm in the rice field, the tip of the air injection hose 7 catches the soil surface layer and performs weeding work.
Since the rice fields are not level, it is necessary to plow the fields in advance so that they can be leveled.
The working time was usually 30 minutes/10 ares, but it is more effective to work at a slower speed.
Regarding the timing of the work, weeds can be weeded by planting rice 2 to 3 days after puddling, the first work is done 4 to 5 days after that, and then about once a week until the mid-dry season. confirmed.
However, it is thought that there are differences depending on the region and rice field, and it goes without saying that various adjustments should be made to suit each condition.

The present invention is applicable not only to paddy fields where rice is cultivated, but also to paddy-like cultivated land where crops are grown by filling a muddy medium with water.

1...hull (boat)
2... Corner 3... Blower 4... Boat propulsion device 5... Cavity part 6... Plate guide board 7... Air injection hose 8... Frame parts and reinforcement parts

Claims (4)

A device for weeding weeds during organic rice cultivation in paddy fields, which has a boat body for navigating through the paddy fields. an air injection hose that is provided with a blower at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, a propulsion device at the rear in the direction of travel, and injects air sent from the blower from the bottom of the boat toward the soil at the bottom of the water; A plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals of 10 cm in one row, and the nozzles are arranged in multiple rows, and the nozzles are arranged several cm apart from the second row so that the entire bottom surface of the boat can be weeded. Weeding equipment for paddy fields. This is a weed weeding device used in organic rice cultivation in cultivated paddy land where water is poured over the rice fields to grow crops, and it has a boat body for navigating through the cultivated paddy fields, and the boat body is made of lightweight metal. A boat body was formed using frame materials and reinforcing materials to be 180 cm long x 180 cm wide x 10 cm high.The bottom of the rectangular parallelepiped made of the boat was formed from urethane foam soft board, and the other surfaces were , made of aluminum composite plate or soft board, provided with a cavity that can store air, a blower is provided at the front of the upper part of the boat in the direction of travel, a propulsion device is provided at the rear in the direction of travel, and the bottom of the boat is equipped with a blower. It is equipped with a nozzle consisting of an air injection hose that injects air from the water toward the soil at the bottom of the water, and a plurality of air injection hoses are provided in one row at 10 cm intervals. Multiple rows of hoses similar to the air jet hoses are provided from the second row onward, spaced apart by 2 cm. Plate-shaped guide boards are installed on both sides of the boat body to prevent the jet air from spreading, and the air is jetted from the nozzle made of the air jet hose. This is a weeding device for use in paddy fields, which is characterized by blowing out weeds on the rice field with air and removing weeds by stirring the surface soil and water. The air injection hose is connected to a blower, which is an air supply means for weeding, which injects air at a wind speed of 4 m/s or more to 9 m/s or less from a nozzle consisting of the air injection hose, through a hollow part of the boat body. 3. The weeding device for paddy field cultivation according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle is located close to the surface of the rice field and penetrates 5 mm or less from the soil. This is a weeding method for removing weeds in organic rice cultivation in which water is poured onto the rice field and roots are spread on the rice field, and the rice is planted 2 to 3 days after puddling in the paddy field, and 4 days after the rice is planted. The first weeding operation is carried out on the 5th day of the operation, and the weeding operation is carried out approximately once a week until the mid-dry season. A method of weeding in paddy fields, characterized by removing weeds.

Images