JP7399223B1 - structure of stairs - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To reduce temperature stress, secure a sense of openness in the living room stairs, require less installation space, and reduce initial and running costs. [Solution] The adjacent lower part 13 and upper part 15 each include a tread 31 and a riser 33, and the riser 33 and the tread 31 extend from the rear end of the tread 31 in the upper part 15. A back wall 47 hanging in parallel, a floor board material 49 extending from the lower end of the riser 33 in the lower part 13 in parallel with the tread 31 and perpendicular to the lower end of the back wall 47, and closing both sides of the back wall 47 and the floor. It has a pair of side walls 27 that seal the space 51 behind the stairs with the plate material 49 and continue from both sides of the lower part 13 to the upper floor. A heat source device 53 is installed in the floorboard material 49 which is drilled and is behind the air outlet 37, and a blower is installed in the side wall 27 behind the heat source device 53 to supply air 57 from outside to the space 51 behind the stairs. It will be done. [Selection diagram] Figure 4

Description

Application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act Jyutsu Sangyo Shimbun published on the front page of Jyutsu Sangyo Shimbun dated April 5, 2020, the structure of a staircase related to cold draft countermeasures invented by Shoichi Fukuyo. .

The present invention relates to the structure of stairs.

When heating a living room with stairs, a cold draft occurs as cold air from the upper floor flows down the stairs. The cold air that flows in from this causes discomfort when it comes into contact with the human body. Therefore, a partition structure within the building has been proposed in which the living room and the staircase that communicates with the living room can be partitioned by placing a roll screen as a partition material at the staircase side opening of the living room. (For example, see Patent Document 1). The partition structure in this building is such that the roll screen is stored in a rolled state inside a long storage box with a hollow rectangular cross section. It rewinds and unfolds downward from the storage box, blocking the staircase opening.

According to the partition structure in this building, during heating, if the roll screen is deployed downward from the storage box and placed so as to close the opening on the staircase side of the living room, the living room and the staircase will be separated by the partition material (roll screen). The warm air in the living room escapes into the stairwell through the opening on the stairway side.In other words, the cold air from the upper floor descends along the stairs and flows into the living room, especially spreading along the floor. This can prevent cold air from flowing in.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-31520

However, in the conventional partition structure in a building, by separating the living room and the staircase with a roll screen, it is possible to suppress the cold air from the upper floor from descending from the stairs, but the following problems occur.
That is,
・The feeling of openness in the living room stairs is lost.
・Cold air falls from the gap between the roll screen and the stairs.
・When you raise the roll screen when using the stairs, the cold air that had accumulated at the back of the roll screen (on the upper floor above the roll screen) suddenly falls.
In other words, it is possible to create a space in the living room that extends to the upper floor, making the living room appear larger and providing a flow line and communication, but the above-mentioned disadvantages occur when heating is used in winter.
In addition, if a large duct structure was constructed in the space behind the stairs or an air conditioner was installed to suppress the descent of cold air without using a roll screen, both the initial cost and running cost would increase. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to reduce the temperature stress in the living room caused by cold drafts, and to ensure a sense of openness in the living room stairs without using partitioning materials such as roll screens. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a staircase structure that can be constructed in a small installation space and that can reduce initial costs and running costs.

Next, means for solving the above problems will be described with reference to drawings corresponding to embodiments.
The stair structure according to the present invention is a stair structure that is provided across a lower floor and an upper floor and has at least an adjacent lower step part 13 and an upper step part 15,
The lower part 13 and the upper part 15 each include a tread 31 and a riser 33, and a back wall that hangs down from the rear end of the tread 31 in the upper part 15 in parallel with the riser 33. 47, a board material 75 (or floor board material 49) extending from the lower end of the riser board 33 in the lower step part 13 in parallel with the step board 31 and perpendicular to the lower end of the back wall 47, and a board material 75 (or floor board material 49) extending from the lower end of the riser board 33 in the lower step part 13 and perpendicular to the lower end of the back wall 47; The wall 47 and the board material 75 (or the floor board material 49) seal the space 51 behind the stairs, and a pair of side walls 27 continue from both sides of the lower part 13 to the upper floor,
A slit-shaped air outlet 37 having a non-perforated part 41 in the middle of the slit hole 35 is bored in the step board 31 of the lower step part 13 along the step nosing,
A heat source device 53 is installed above the board material 75 (or floor board material 49) behind the air outlet 37 inside the sealed space behind the stairs ,
The side wall 47 or the back wall 47 behind the heat source device 53 is provided with an inlet for supplying air from the outside into the sealed space behind the stairs, and a blower 59 is provided in this inlet . It is characterized by

In this staircase structure, at least two adjacent steps, the lower step section 13 and the upper step section 15, of the plurality of step sections in the staircase provided across the lower floor and the upper floor, are provided with a sealed staircase back. A space 51 is formed. The space 51 behind the stairs is formed by sealing a part of the back of the stairs with the back wall 47, the board material 75 (or the floor board material 49), and the pair of side walls 27. When the blower 59 is driven and air 57 from the outside is supplied into the space 51 behind the stairs, a positive pressure is created, and the air 57 is blown upward from the air outlet 37. In the structure of the stairs, by blowing upward warm airflow 77 vertically upward from the treads 31, cool air passes through the upper part of the hot airflow and reaches the lower floor, as in the case where warm air is blown out horizontally. can be prevented from falling.
In the space 51 behind the stairs, a heat source device 53 is installed on the floorboard material 49 or the board material 75 between the blower 59 and the air outlet 37. Air 57 taken in from the outside by the blower 59 is heated by the heat source device 53, becomes high temperature, and is blown out from the air outlet 37. The blowout temperature at this time is set at least higher than the cold air descending the stairs. Therefore, the high-temperature air from the outlet 37 can generate the rising warm airflow 77 with less energy due to the effects of both the positive pressure in the space behind the stairs 51 caused by the drive of the blower 59 and the buoyancy caused by the warm air. can. That is, the output of the blower 59 can be suppressed, and power consumption can be reduced.
In addition, since the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 are installed in order further back than the air outlet 37, the dust that falls from the air outlet 37 when the power is turned off is pushed out to the front by the flow of air 57 generated by the air blowing at the time of startup. The interior can be easily cleaned while suppressing contact with the heat source device 53.
Further, the rising warm airflow 77 blown out along the nosing 32 rises in a planar shape across between the pair of side walls 27 . This planar rising warm air flow 77 is hit by descending cold air 65 that falls down the stairs from the upper floor. A part of the descending cold air 65 that has hit the rising warm air flow 77 mixes with the rising warm air flow 77, and rises while being heated by the rising warm air flow 77. Thereby, in the structure of the stairs, the descending cold air 65 falling down the stairs from the upper floor can be suppressed from directly reaching the floor surface 19 of the lower floor.
As a result, this staircase structure can reduce the discomfort caused by the descending cold air 65 directly hitting the human body, that is, the temperature stress caused by cold draft.
Furthermore, since no partitioning material such as a roll screen is used, the open feel of the living room stairs 17 is not impaired. Also, by raising the roll screen, the cold air that has accumulated at the back of the roll screen will not suddenly fall down.
In addition, since it is only necessary to use two of the plurality of steps, the lower step section 13 and the upper step section 15, which are adjacent to each other, space is saved compared to a duct structure etc. that uses most of the space 51 behind the stairs. It can be composed of
Furthermore, since it is only necessary to provide the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 in the space 51 behind the stairs, the initial cost and running cost can be lowered compared to a configuration in which an expensive air conditioner or the like is installed.

The stair structure of the present invention is the stair structure described above ,
Each of the plurality of holes 35 is formed in the shape of a long slit in the direction along the nosing 32,
The air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which the holes 35 and the non-perforated portions 41 are arranged alternately, and the holes 35 and the non-perforated portions 41 in adjacent rows are arranged in parallel. They are characterized by being arranged in staggered positions in the front, back, left and right.

In this staircase structure, the air outlet 37 consists of a plurality of holes 35. Each hole 35 is formed in the shape of a long slit in the direction along the nosing 32. The air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which slit-shaped holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are alternately arranged. In the air outlet 37, the plurality of holes 35 are arranged alternately (staggered). If one slit were to flow from one side wall 27 to the other wall, the strength of the footboard 31 would decrease. On the other hand, according to the structure of this staircase, by making the slit shapes long and alternating them, the strength of the tread board 31 can be maintained by leaving wood between the holes.
In addition, the air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which slit-shaped holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are arranged alternately, so that the air outlet 37 is formed in a plane substantially parallel to the riser 33. The rising warm air flow 77 can be blown out across the side walls 27 on both sides in the form of an air curtain. Since the rising warm air flow 77 is stacked in multiple layers (layers for the number of rows of holes 35) in the thickness direction of the air curtain, a rectification effect works and it can approach in a more planar manner, allowing it to flow from the upper floor. The descending cold air 65 can be easily dammed up.

The stair structure of the present invention is the stair structure described above ,
The lower step section 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19 of the lower floor, and the board material 75 is a floor board material 49.

In this staircase structure, of the lower part 13 and the upper part 15 that constitute the space 51 behind the stairs, the lower part 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19. Therefore, the lower end of the back wall 47 that hangs down from the rear end of the footboard 31 in the upper step part 15 in parallel with the riser board 33 comes into contact with the floorboard material 49 . In this stair structure, the board material 75 that is necessary when the lower step part 13 is other than the first step is no longer necessary, and the floor board material 49 can instead close the bottom surface of the space 51 behind the stairs. In other words, the plate material 75 can be omitted.
In this stairway structure, the opening on the stairway side opens into a wall surface rising from the floor surface 19. Therefore, in a staircase structure in which the air outlet 37 is provided on the first step 31 from the floor surface 19, the rising warm air flow 77 is blown up from the bottom step of the stairs in the form of an air curtain. Thereby, the lowest-temperature descending cold air 65 that tends to accumulate near the floor surface of the lower floor can be raised while being heated by the rising warm air flow 77, and cold drafts can be suppressed more effectively.
In addition, the first and second steps of the stairs are close to the floor 19, and the total height of the space 51 behind the stairs is too low, and the space is small, so you have to bend down to use this space. This makes it unsuitable for storage. Therefore, it often becomes a dead space. In the stair structure of the present invention, by effectively utilizing such a small dead space, it does not encroach on other useful spaces and does not interfere with the installation of under-stair storage.

The stair structure of the present invention is the stair structure described above ,
A feature is that the riser plate 33 of the lower step portion 13 is detachably attached.

In this staircase structure, the riser board 33 that forms the front surface of the lower step portion 13 is detachably attached. For example, when the lower section 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19 of the lower floor, if the riser board 33 is removed, the floor surface 19 of the floor board material 49 extending toward the space 51 behind the stairs becomes visible. . A heat source device 53 is installed below the footboard 31 in the lower section 13 on the back side. This allows easy access to the heat source device 53 during cleaning and maintenance.
This riser plate 33 can be detachably attached, for example, by the attraction force of the magnet 71. Therefore, according to the structure of this staircase, an inspection port for maintenance and cleaning can be easily provided without making it stand out in terms of design.

The stair structure of the present invention is the stair structure described above ,
A feature is that the riser plate 33 of the lower step portion 13 is detachably attached.

In this staircase structure, by making the riser 33 which is the front surface of the lower step openable and closable, it is possible to maintain the heat source 53 and clean the space 51 behind the stairs without making it stand out in terms of design. .

According to the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the temperature stress in the living room caused by cold drafts, and it is possible to maintain a sense of openness in the living room stairs without using partitioning materials such as roll screens. This enables construction in a small installation space by using only two adjacent tiered parts of the section, the lower tiered part and the upper tiered part, thereby reducing the initial cost and running cost.

According to the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, it is possible to generate an upward warm air flow to efficiently block the cold air descending from the upper floors while maintaining the strength of the treads.

According to the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, by setting the lower step as the first step from the floor surface, the bottom of the space behind the stairs can be closed with the floor board material, and the material cost can be reduced by omitting the board material. .

According to the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, by removing the riser at the lower step, cleaning under the stairs, maintenance of the heat source device, etc. can be easily performed, and items dropped from the air outlet can be taken out.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a living room including a staircase structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of essential parts of the living room staircase shown in FIG. 1. FIG. (a) is a plan view of the treadle in the lower part, and (b) is a side view of the treadle in the lower part. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of the structure of the staircase according to the present embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the structure of the staircase with the riser board in the lower part removed. It is a side sectional view showing the structure of the stairs concerning a modification. It is a perspective view showing the structure of the stairs concerning another modification. FIG. 3 is an operational diagram of the structure of the stairs according to the present embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing actually measured temperature values when experimenting with the cold draft suppression situation on the lower floor (1F) when the upper floor (2F) temperature is 15.6°C.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a living room 11 including a staircase structure according to this embodiment.
The structure of the staircase according to the present embodiment is provided across a lower floor and an upper floor, and has two step sections consisting of at least an adjacent lower step section 13 and an upper step section 15. In this embodiment, the lower floor is the first floor, the upper floor is the second floor, and the lower floor is the living room 11, so the stairs are referred to as living stairs 17. Note that in the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, the lower floor is not limited to the living room 11, and the stairs are not limited to the living stairs 17. That is, the structure of the staircase according to the present invention can be suitably used and is effective for any staircase that is provided from the upper floor to the lower floor and generates a descending cold draft, such as a maisonette or a general staircase. It is.

In the living room staircase 17, a staircase opening 23 opens in a wall portion 21 that stands up from the floor surface 19 of the living room 11. The staircase room 25 has a pair of side walls 27 on both sides of the living staircase 17, and continues to the upper floor. A handrail 29 may be attached to the side wall 27 on the staircase side. The living room staircase 17 gives a sense of openness to the living room 11, makes it easy to check the movement of family members as the flow line of going up and down the stairs includes passing through the living room 11, increases communication between family members, and makes the stairs bright and comfortable. In recent years, it has become more popular due to its advantages such as:

In the structure of the staircase according to this embodiment, the lower part 13 and the upper part 15 are each composed of a tread 31 and a riser 33.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of the living room staircase 17 shown in FIG.
In the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment, the lower step 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19 of the living room 11, which is the lower floor. Note that, as described later, the lower part 13 is not limited to the first step of the living room stairs 17. A riser board 33 hangs down from the lower surface of the footboard 31 in the lower section 13 in front of it. The lower end of the riser board 33 of the lower step portion 13 is in contact with the floor surface 19 of the living room 11. A riser board 33 hangs down from the lower surface of the footboard 31 in the upper section 15 in front of it. The riser board 33 of the upper stage part 15 intersects with the upper surface of the tread plate 31 on the back side of the lower stage part 13. Both sides of the lower stage part 13 and the upper stage part 15 are closed by being sandwiched between a pair of side walls 27.

An air outlet 37 consisting of a plurality of holes 35 is bored in the footboard 31 of the lower section 13 along the nosing 32. One side wall 27 is provided with an intake port 39 that communicates with a space behind the stairs, which will be described later. A blower is attached to this suction port 39.

3(a) is a plan view of the tread plate 31 in the lower part 13, and FIG. 3(b) is a side view of the tread plate 31 in the lower part 13.
In the air outlet 37, each of the plurality of holes 35 is formed in the shape of a long slit in the direction along the nosing 32. The width of the slit shape is preferably the minimum width that prevents the infant's fingers from getting caught, and can be, for example, about 6 mm. Further, the length of the slit shape is preferably set short, and instead of one long slit continuous along the nosing 32, holes 35 of a predetermined length and non-perforated portions 41 are alternately arranged in a straight line. For example, the length of the slit-shaped hole 35 can be about 200 mm, and the length of the non-perforated part 41 can be about 70 mm. It is possible to soften the feeling when walking.

The air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are alternately arranged. The spacing between the rows can be, for example, about 30 mm. In the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment, the air outlets 37 are formed in two rows. In the air outlet 37, adjacent rows of holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are arranged alternately. That is, the holes 35 in adjacent rows are arranged alternately (staggered). A plurality of parallel grooves 43 may be formed in front of the upper surface of the footboard 31, for example, across the side walls 27 on both sides to prevent slippage. Each hole 35 of the air outlet 37 passes through the footboard 31 vertically. Furthermore, an insertion groove 45 into which the upper edge of the riser board 33 is inserted is formed in front of the lower surface of the footboard 31.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the main part of the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment.
In the structure of this staircase, a back wall 47 hangs down from the rear end of the tread 31 in the upper step 15 in parallel with the riser 33. The lower end of the hanging back wall 47 contacts the floor surface 19 of the floor board material 49. The structure of the staircase includes a plate extending from the lower end of the riser 33 in the lower step part 13 in parallel to the tread 31 and perpendicular to the lower end of the back wall 47. In the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment, this board material becomes the floor board material 49.

As a result, in the structure of the stairs, the space 51 behind the stairs is sealed by the pair of side walls 27, the back wall 47, and the floorboard material 49. In the structure of the stairs, a heat source device 53 is installed on a floorboard material 49 behind the air outlet 37. By placing the heat source device 53 away from directly below the air outlet 37, it is possible to prevent dust from accumulating on it. The heat source device 53 has legs at both ends, and these legs are placed on a pair of wooden stands 55 to be supported apart from the floor surface 19. The legs have metal fittings that are fastened to the wooden stand 55, making it easy to fix to the wooden stand 55 from the front.

The heat source device 53 is a so-called heater, and does not need to have a function to specifically set the temperature, but in order to prevent the temperature of the space 51 behind the stairs from rising too much, the heat source device 53 is a so-called heater. Preferably, a stop device is provided.

A blower 59 that supplies air 57 from outside the stair space 51 into the stair back space 51 is provided on the side wall 27 or the back wall 47 behind the heat source device 53 . In the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment, a blower 59 (not shown) is provided in an inlet 39 formed in the side wall 27 behind the heat source device 53. More specifically, the blower 59 is disposed horizontally between the tread plates 31 of the upper section 15 and at a height between the floor surface 19 and the tread plates 31 on one side wall 27 . The blower 59 is composed of, for example, a propeller fan. A power outlet 61 is attached to the inner surface of the back wall 47. For example, a power plug attached to the power supply wiring 63 of the heat source device 53 is connected to the outlet 61.

In the structure of the stairs of this embodiment, when the blower 59 of the inlet 39 is driven to supply outside air 57, for example, the air 57 in the living room 11, to the space 51 behind the stairs, the air 57 taken in flows into the heat source device 53. The air passes through and is blown out vertically upward from the air outlet 37 of the footboard 31 in the lower section 13 . At this time, since the air 57 passes through the heat source device 53, it is heated by the heat source device 53, and has a higher temperature than the descending cold air 65 that falls down the living room stairs 17 from the upper floor.

It is preferable that the wind from the air outlet 37 is set at a speed that keeps the temperature of the space 51 behind the stairs within a certain range and does not blow objects away. Further, the temperature of the space 51 behind the stairs is assumed to be within a range in which the surface temperature of the tread does not become too high so as not to harm the human body when walking on the tread. It is preferable to provide the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 with an OFF timer so as to prevent them from being turned off in order to reduce running costs.
Note that the heat source device 53 itself may be provided with a fan that takes in and blows out the air 57, or a fan may be provided near the air outlet 37 to blow out the warmed air passing through the heat source device 53. It may also be a configuration.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the structure of the staircase with the riser 33 in the lower step 13 removed.
As for the structure of the stairs, risers 33 of the lower part 13 are detachably attached. In the riser mounting opening 67 of the lower section 13, edge members 69 are provided on the left, right, and upper sides. This edge member 69 and the back surface of the riser board 33 are provided with fixtures that allow them to be attached to and detached from each other. For example, it is a combination of magnets 71 and magnetic plates 73, and has a configuration in which a plurality of magnets 71 are fixed to the edge material 69, and a magnetic plate 73 that attracts these magnets 71 is fixed to the back of the riser 33. . Further, the riser plate 33 may be made detachable by using a fastening fitting instead of the fixture. Thereby, the riser plate 33 of the lower section 13 can be easily attached to and removed from the riser plate attachment opening 67. The structure of the stairs in which the risers 33 of the lower step portion 13 are removed allows easy access to the space behind the stairs 51 for cleaning and maintenance of the heat source device 53 and the like.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing the structure of a staircase according to a modified example.
In the structure of the stairs according to the present invention, the lower part 13 may be other than the first step of the living stairs 17. In this case, the lower step part 13 becomes a step part at the position of the staircase opening 23 sandwiched between the pair of side walls 27. In the space 51 behind the stairs, a part of the back of the stairs is sealed by the back wall 47, the plate material 75, and the pair of side walls 27. In the structure of the staircase shown in FIG. 6, the living room staircase 17 enters the staircase opening 23 at the third step from the floor surface 19 of the living room 11. Therefore, this third stage becomes the lower stage section 13, where the air outlet 37 is located.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of a staircase according to another modification.
The structure of the staircase according to the present invention may be such that one side wall 27 opens the staircase chamber 25 from the middle of the living staircase 17. In this case, the lower step part 13 becomes a step part at the position of the staircase opening 23 sandwiched between the pair of side walls 27. In the structure of the stairs shown in FIG. 7, the living room staircase 17 enters the staircase opening 23 at the fourth step from the floor surface 19 of the living room 11. Therefore, this fourth stage becomes the lower stage section 13, where the air outlet 37 is located.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

In the structure of the staircase according to the present embodiment, at least two adjacent steps, the lower step section 13 and the upper step section 15, are sealed in a plurality of step sections in the staircase provided across the lower floor and the upper floor. A space 51 behind the stairs is formed. The space 51 behind the stairs is formed by sealing a part of the back of the stairs with a back wall 47, a floor board material 49 or a board material 75, and a pair of side walls 27. When the blower 59 (see FIG. 9) is driven and air 57 from outside is supplied into the space 51 behind the stairs, a positive pressure is created, and the air 57 is blown upward from the air outlet 37. In the structure of the stairs, the upward warm airflow 77 (see FIG. 4) is blown out from the tread 31 almost vertically upward, and the upper part of the blown out warm airflow is This can prevent cold air from passing through and falling to the lower floors.

FIG. 8 is an operational view of the structure of the stairs according to this embodiment.
In the space 51 behind the stairs, a heat source device 53 is installed on the floorboard material 49 or the board material 75 between the blower 59 and the air outlet 37. Air 57 taken in from the outside by the blower 59 is heated by the heat source device 53, becomes high temperature, and is blown out from the air outlet 37. The blowout temperature at this time is set to be higher than at least the cold air descending the living room stairs 17. Therefore, the high-temperature air from the outlet 37 can generate the rising warm airflow 77 with less energy due to the effects of both the positive pressure in the space behind the stairs 51 caused by the drive of the blower 59 and the buoyancy caused by the warm air. can. That is, the output of the blower 59 can be suppressed, and power consumption can be reduced.

In addition, in the structure of the stairs, the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 are installed in order further back than the air outlet 37, so the dust that falls from the air outlet 37 when the power is turned off is removed by the flow of air 57 from the air blower at the time of startup. , is pushed out to the front, making it easier to clean the inside while suppressing contact with the heat source device 53.

Further, the rising warm airflow 77 blown out along the nosing 32 rises in a planar shape across between the pair of side walls 27 . This planar rising warm air flow 77 is hit by descending cold air 65 that falls down the living room stairs 17 from the upper floor. A part of the descending cold air 65 that has hit the rising warm air flow 77 mixes with the rising warm air flow 77, and rises while being heated by the rising warm air flow 77. Thereby, in the structure of the stairs, the descending cold air 65 that falls down the living room stairs 17 from the upper floor (second floor) can be suppressed from directly reaching the floor surface 19 of the lower floor (living room 11).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing actually measured temperature values when experimenting with the cold draft suppression situation on the lower floor (1F) when the upper floor (2F) temperature was 15.6°C.
The left diagram in FIG. 9 shows a case where the staircase structure of the embodiment is not adopted, that is, no countermeasure is taken. Cold air fell from the living room stairs 17 into the living room 11, and the cold air was spreading at a low level near the floor. In addition, in the experiment, green smoke was emitted from the upper floor, and its flow was also confirmed by visualization.

The right diagram in FIG. 9 shows a case where the staircase structure of the embodiment is adopted.
Here, the outputs of the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 were adjusted so that the temperature of the space 51 behind the stairs was approximately 30° C., and the temperature of each part was actually measured.
When the blower 59 and heat source device 53 were turned on, it was visually confirmed that almost no cold air 65 (green smoke according to the visualization experiment) falling from the living room stairs 17 fell onto the floor 19. As in the case without countermeasures, when the temperature on the upper floor (2nd floor) is 15.6°C, the cold air from the living room stairs 17 decreases, and the temperature at the lower level near the floor in the living room 11 on the lower floor (1st floor) increases. I was able to confirm that it was no longer lowering. Directly above the tread plate 31 of the lower section 13, the temperature increased from 17.8° C. without any countermeasures to 21.7° C. (inside the rectangular frame in FIG. 9). Furthermore, there was a temperature rise from 17.8° C. to 20.9° C. at the height of the first step board 31 from the floor surface 19 (the upper part of the broken line in the long circle in FIG. 9). Furthermore, there was a temperature rise from 18.8°C to 20.2°C at the height of the treadboard 31, which is approximately the third step from the floor surface 19 (the lower part of the oval circle with the same broken line).

As a result, this staircase structure can reduce the discomfort caused by the descending cold air 65 directly hitting the human body, that is, the temperature stress caused by cold draft.

Furthermore, since no partitioning material such as a roll screen is used, the open feel of the living room stairs 17 is not impaired. Furthermore, when the roll screen is raised (opened), the cold air that has accumulated at the back of the roll screen does not suddenly fall out.

In addition, since it is only necessary to use two of the plurality of steps, the lower step section 13 and the upper step section 15, which are adjacent to each other, space is saved compared to a duct structure etc. that uses most of the space 51 behind the stairs. It can be composed of

Furthermore, since it is only necessary to provide the heat source device 53 and the blower 59 in the space 51 behind the stairs, the initial cost and running cost can be lowered compared to a configuration in which an expensive air conditioner or the like is installed.

In this staircase structure, the air outlet 37 is composed of a plurality of holes 35. Each hole 35 is formed in the shape of a long slit in the direction along the nosing 32. The air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which slit-shaped holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are alternately arranged. In the air outlet 37, the plurality of holes 35 are arranged alternately (staggered). If one slit were to flow from one side wall 27 to the other wall, the strength of the footboard 31 would decrease. On the other hand, in this staircase structure, by making the slits long and alternating them, the strength of the tread 31 can be maintained by leaving wood between the holes.

In addition, the air outlet 37 is formed of a plurality of parallel linear rows in which slit-shaped holes 35 and non-perforated portions 41 are arranged alternately, so that the air outlet 37 is formed in a plane substantially parallel to the riser 33. The rising warm air flow 77 can be blown out across the side walls 27 on both sides in the form of an air curtain. This rising warm air flow 77 is stacked in multiple layers (layers for the number of rows of holes 35) in the thickness direction of the air curtain, so a rectification effect works and it can approach a more planar shape, allowing it to flow downward from the upper floor. Cold air 65 can be easily dammed up. As a result, while maintaining the strength of the footboard 31, it is possible to efficiently generate the rising warm air flow 77 for efficiently blocking the descending cold air 65 from the upper floor.

Furthermore, in the structure of the stairs according to the present embodiment, of the lower part 13 and the upper part 15 that constitute the space 51 behind the stairs, the lower part 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19. Therefore, the lower end of the back wall 47 that hangs down from the rear end of the footboard 31 in the upper step part 15 in parallel with the riser board 33 comes into contact with the floorboard material 49 . In this stair structure, the board material 75 that is necessary when the lower step part 13 is other than the first step is no longer necessary, and the floor board material 49 can instead close the bottom surface of the space 51 behind the stairs. In other words, the plate material 75 can be omitted. In other words, the initial cost can be further reduced.

In this stairway structure, the stairway side opening 23 opens into the wall portion 21 that stands up from the floor surface 19. Therefore, in the structure of the stairs in which the air outlet 37 is provided at the first step from the floor surface 19, the rising warm air flow 77 is blown up from the lowest step of the living room stairs 17 in the form of an air curtain. As a result, the lowest-temperature descending cold air 65 that tends to collect near the floor of the living room 11 on the lower floor can be raised while being heated by the rising warm air flow 77, and cold drafts can be suppressed more effectively. I can do it.

In addition, the first and second steps of the living room stairs 17 are close to the floor 19, and the total height of the space behind the stairs 51 is too low. This makes it unsuitable for storage. Therefore, it often becomes a dead space. The structure of this staircase makes effective use of such a small dead space, so it does not encroach on other useful spaces and does not interfere with the installation of under-stair storage. As a result, by making the lower part 13 the first step from the floor surface 19, the bottom of the space behind the stairs 51 can be closed with the floor board material 49, the board material 75 can be omitted, and the material cost can be reduced. It is also possible to secure storage under the stairs.

Furthermore, in this staircase structure, the riser board 33 that forms the front surface of the lower step portion 13 is detachably attached. For example, when the lower section 13 is the first step from the floor surface 19 of the lower floor, if the riser board 33 is removed, the floor surface 19 of the floor board material 49 extending toward the space 51 behind the stairs becomes visible. . A heat source device 53 is installed in the lower part 13 on the back side. This allows easy access to the heat source device 53 during cleaning and maintenance.

The riser board 33 can be detachably attached, for example, by the attraction force of the magnet 71. Therefore, in the staircase structure of this embodiment, an inspection port for maintenance and cleaning can be easily provided without making it stand out in terms of design. As a result, by removing the riser board 33 of the lower part 13, cleaning of the space 51 behind the stairs such as dust sucked in from the intake port 39 and dust falling from the air outlet 37 and maintenance of the heat source device 53 can be easily performed. It is also possible to take out items dropped from the air outlet 37.

Therefore, according to the structure of the stairs according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the temperature stress caused by cold drafts, and also to ensure the open feeling of the living room stairs 17 without using partitioning materials such as roll screens. It allows for construction in a small space and reduces initial and running costs.

13...Lower section 15...Upper section 17...Stairs (living stairs)
19... Floor surface 27... Side wall 31... Treadboard 32... Nosing 33... Riser board 35... Hole 37... Air outlet 41... Non-perforated part 47... Back wall 49... Floorboard material 51... Space behind stairs 53... Heat source device 57... Air 59 …Blower 75…Plate material

Claims (3)

A staircase structure that is provided across a lower floor and an upper floor and has at least an adjacent lower section and an upper section,
The lower step portion and the upper step portion each include a tread plate and a riser plate, and a back wall that hangs down parallel to the riser plate from the rear end of the tread plate in the upper step portion, and A plate material extending from the lower end of the riser parallel to the tread and perpendicular to the lower end of the back wall, and closing both sides to seal the space behind the stairs with the back wall and the plate material, and from both sides of the lower step. It has a pair of side walls leading to the upper floor,
A slit-shaped air outlet having a non-perforated part in the middle of the slit hole is bored in the step board of the lower step part along the step nosing,
A heat source device is installed on the upper part of the plate material behind the air outlet inside the sealed space behind the stairs ,
The side wall or the back wall behind the heat source device is provided with an inlet for supplying air from the outside to the sealed space behind the stairs, and the inlet is provided with an air blower,
The air outlet is formed of a plurality of linear rows having the slit holes and the non-perforated portions, which are parallel in the front and back, and the slit holes and the non-perforated portions in the adjacent rows are arranged in the front and rear. A staircase structure characterized by being formed at positions shifted left and right . The stair structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower step is the first step from the floor surface of the lower floor, and the board material is a floor board material. The structure of a staircase according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the riser of the lower part is detachably attached.

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