JP7394469B2 - Carbon dioxide capture equipment and carbon dioxide recovery system - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide capture equipment and carbon dioxide recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 446
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 223
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 223
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 75
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical group [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;n-[5-amino-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylphenyl]sulfonylacetamide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Description
本発明は、二酸化炭素回収装置及び二酸化炭素回収システムに関し、例えば加熱炉などの加熱処理装置やその他の装置などに接続して、二酸化炭素を回収するものに関する。 The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide recovery device and a carbon dioxide recovery system, and relates to a device that recovers carbon dioxide by being connected to a heat treatment device such as a heating furnace or other devices.
従来、二酸化炭素を回収する方法として、セラミックス吸収材などは600℃程度で吸収し、800℃程度の熱で分離回収することが知られている。そのような方法は、高温で吸収、分離するので、多大なエネルギーコストもかかり、例えば加熱炉の排気熱を利用する場合などでは高温の炉が必須となり、用途が極めて制限されている。そのため二酸化炭素を回収する多くの場合、大型プラントや大型設備でしか使用できず、汎用性がなく、また投資も大規模なものが必要となる。 Conventionally, as a method for recovering carbon dioxide, it is known that a ceramic absorbing material or the like absorbs the carbon dioxide at about 600°C and separates and recovers it using heat of about 800°C. Since such a method absorbs and separates at high temperature, it requires a large amount of energy cost, and, for example, when exhaust heat from a heating furnace is used, a high-temperature furnace is required, and its applications are extremely limited. Therefore, in many cases where carbon dioxide is captured, it can only be used in large plants and large equipment, lacks versatility, and requires large-scale investment.
また、二酸化炭素を短時間かつ低コストで分離することができるものとして、温度差によって二酸化炭素の吸収及び脱離が可能である二酸化炭素吸収材と、二酸化炭素吸収材に電磁波を照射する電磁波照射部と、を備える二酸化炭素分離装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。 In addition, as materials that can separate carbon dioxide in a short time and at low cost, we have developed carbon dioxide absorbing materials that can absorb and desorb carbon dioxide based on temperature differences, and electromagnetic wave irradiation that irradiates the carbon dioxide absorbing materials with electromagnetic waves. A carbon dioxide separation device including a carbon dioxide separation unit and a carbon dioxide separation unit has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
まず、従来の技術では、二酸化炭素を吸収・分離する際、600℃程度で吸収し、800℃程度の熱で吸収・分離を行って二酸化炭素を回収するため、非常に高温での利用が必須となるため、多大なエネルギーコストもかかり、用途が極めて制限されるという課題がある。 First, with conventional technology, when absorbing and separating carbon dioxide, it is absorbed at about 600 degrees Celsius, and carbon dioxide is recovered by absorption and separation using heat of about 800 degrees Celsius, so it must be used at extremely high temperatures. Therefore, there are problems in that it requires a large amount of energy cost and its applications are extremely limited.
また、特許文献1の技術では、二酸化炭素の回収に電磁波を照射する電磁波照射部が必須となること、回収コストが高くなるという課題がある。 Further, the technique of Patent Document 1 has the problem that an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit that irradiates electromagnetic waves is essential for carbon dioxide recovery, and that the recovery cost becomes high.
そこで、発明者らは鋭意研究のすえ、電磁波を用いることなく、また従来よりも低い温度で二酸化炭素の吸収と分離を行える、汎用性の高い二酸化炭素回収装置を発明した。 Therefore, after extensive research, the inventors invented a highly versatile carbon dioxide recovery device that can absorb and separate carbon dioxide without using electromagnetic waves and at a lower temperature than before.
また、発明者らは、この二酸化炭素回収装置を加熱炉などの加熱処理装置に用いて、加熱処理装置の排熱を利用することで、省エネルギーを実現した二酸化炭素回収システムを発明した。 In addition, the inventors have invented a carbon dioxide recovery system that achieves energy savings by using this carbon dioxide recovery device in a heat treatment device such as a heating furnace and utilizing the exhaust heat of the heat treatment device.
例えば、図8に示すように、二酸化炭素吸収材101を有する給気通路102を通じて大気などの気体から加熱炉103内に常温で導入し、その際に二酸化炭素を吸収し、加熱炉103を使用した際にでる200~300℃に熱せられた排気を用いて、排気通路104を通じて大気中に排気する過程で、200~300℃の空気で二酸化炭素吸収材101を加熱することで、排熱を利用して二酸化炭素を二酸化炭素吸収材101から二酸化炭素を分離する。 For example, as shown in FIG. 8, gas such as the atmosphere is introduced into a heating furnace 103 at room temperature through an air supply passage 102 having a carbon dioxide absorbing material 101, and carbon dioxide is absorbed at that time, and the heating furnace 103 is used. In the process of exhausting the exhaust gas heated to 200 to 300 degrees Celsius, which is heated to 200 to 300 degrees Celsius, to the atmosphere through the exhaust passage 104, the carbon dioxide absorbing material 101 is heated with air at 200 to 300 degrees Celsius, thereby removing waste heat. Carbon dioxide is used to separate carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing material 101.
つまり、二酸化炭素吸収材を使用し、加熱炉に一般的に用いられる給気通路と排気通路に組み込み、一連の流れとして、二酸化炭素の吸収、分離、回収を行うことで、回収のエネルギーコストを極めて低減でき、また吸収、分離温度を低下させたことで、プラントではなく、小型の加熱炉(小規模の加熱処理装置を含む)でも使用でき、汎用性が広がり、コストも低減できることに基づく。 In other words, by using a carbon dioxide absorbing material and incorporating it into the air supply and exhaust passages commonly used in heating furnaces, the energy cost of recovery can be reduced by absorbing, separating, and recovering carbon dioxide in a series of steps. This is based on the fact that by lowering the absorption and separation temperatures, it can be used not in plants but in small heating furnaces (including small-scale heat treatment equipment), increasing versatility and reducing costs.
以上のように、本発明は、電磁波を用いることなく、従来よりも低い温度で二酸化炭素の吸収と分離を行える、汎用性の高い二酸化炭素回収装置を提供する。また、これに加熱処理装置を接続することで、加熱処理装置から排出される排気熱を利用して、二酸化炭素回収のエネルギーコストを低減できる二酸化炭素回収システムを提供する。 As described above, the present invention provides a highly versatile carbon dioxide recovery device that can absorb and separate carbon dioxide at a lower temperature than before without using electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, by connecting a heat treatment device to this, a carbon dioxide recovery system is provided that can reduce the energy cost of carbon dioxide recovery by utilizing exhaust heat discharged from the heat treatment device.
本発明は、加熱炉の給気通路と排気通路に組み込んで用いられる二酸化炭素回収装置であり、ケーシング内に温度差により二酸化炭素を吸着・分離する二酸化炭素吸収材が配置された吸収ユニットと、前記ケーシングの一側に接続され、前記二酸化炭素吸収材に二酸化炭素を含有する気体を供給する第1配管と、前記ケーシングの他側に接続され、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を通過した気体を、給気として前記加熱炉の給気通路に供給する第2配管と、前記第1配管に接続され二酸化炭素を回収する回収管と、一端が前記加熱炉の排気通路に接続され、中間部分が前記ケーシング内の二酸化炭素吸収材内を通過し、他端が前記ケーシング外に開放され、前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が流れる排気配管と、前記第2配管に設けられる第1開閉バルブと、前記排気配管に設けられる第2開閉バルブと、前記第1配管と前記回収管との接続部分に設けられ、前記二酸化炭素吸収材に前記気体を供給する第1状態と、前記二酸化炭素吸収材から分離される二酸化炭素を前記回収管を通じて回収する第2状態とを切り替える切替手段と、を備え、二酸化炭素吸収時には、前記切替手段を第1状態、前記第1開閉バルブを開状態、前記第2開閉バルブを閉状態とする一方、二酸化炭素回収時には、前記切替手段を第2状態、前記第1開閉バルブを閉状態、前記第2開閉バルブを開状態とする、ことを特徴とする。 The present invention is a carbon dioxide recovery device that is used by being incorporated into an air supply passage and an exhaust passage of a heating furnace , and includes an absorption unit in which a carbon dioxide absorbing material that adsorbs and separates carbon dioxide due to a temperature difference is arranged in a casing; A first pipe connected to one side of the casing and supplying gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide absorbent; and a first pipe connected to the other side of the casing supplying gas that has passed through the carbon dioxide absorbent . a second pipe that supplies carbon dioxide to the air supply passage of the heating furnace ; a recovery pipe that is connected to the first pipe and collects carbon dioxide; one end is connected to the exhaust passage of the heating furnace, and the middle part is connected to the casing. an exhaust pipe that passes through a carbon dioxide absorbing material inside the casing, the other end of which is open to the outside of the casing, through which exhaust gas heated by the heating furnace flows; a first opening/closing valve provided in the second pipe; A second opening/closing valve provided in a pipe, a first state provided at a connecting portion between the first pipe and the recovery pipe, and a first state in which the gas is supplied to the carbon dioxide absorbent, and a second state in which the gas is separated from the carbon dioxide absorbent. and a second state in which carbon dioxide is recovered through the recovery pipe , and when carbon dioxide is absorbed, the switching means is in the first state, the first on-off valve is in the open state, and the second on-off valve is in the open state. is in a closed state, while during carbon dioxide recovery, the switching means is in a second state, the first on-off valve is in a closed state, and the second on-off valve is in an open state .
このようにすれば、加熱炉の給気通路に気体が供給される際に、二酸化炭素吸収材に二酸化炭素が吸収され、二酸化炭素分離時には、加熱炉の排気通路からの排気の熱を利用して、二酸化炭素吸収材を加熱し、二酸化炭素吸収材から二酸化炭素を分離させ、回収することができる。これにより、回収のエネルギーコストを低減できる。また、切替手段は、バルブや弁などが含まれる。 In this way , when gas is supplied to the air supply passage of the heating furnace, carbon dioxide is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbing material, and when carbon dioxide is separated, the heat of the exhaust from the exhaust passage of the heating furnace is used. By heating the carbon dioxide absorbing material, carbon dioxide can be separated and recovered from the carbon dioxide absorbing material. This allows the energy cost of recovery to be reduced. Further, the switching means includes a valve, a valve, and the like.
また、望ましくは、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記二酸化炭素吸収材が、常温で二酸化炭素を吸収し、150~500℃の加熱により二酸化炭素を分離するものであり、前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を150~500℃で加熱するものである。 Preferably, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the carbon dioxide absorbing material absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature and separates carbon dioxide by heating at 150 to 500°C, and the carbon dioxide absorbing material is heated by the heating furnace. The exhaust gas heats the carbon dioxide absorbent at 150 to 500°C.
このようにすれば、二酸化炭素吸収材が常温で二酸化炭素を吸収し、二酸化炭素吸収材を150~500℃で加熱することで、二酸化炭素を分離して回収することができる。これによって、より汎用性の高い二酸化炭素回収装置を実現できる。 In this way, the carbon dioxide absorbing material absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature, and by heating the carbon dioxide absorbing material at 150 to 500° C. , carbon dioxide can be separated and recovered. This makes it possible to realize a carbon dioxide recovery device with higher versatility.
また、より望ましくは、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記二酸化炭素吸収材が、常温で二酸化炭素を吸収し、200~350℃の加熱により二酸化炭素を分離するものであり、前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を200~350℃で加熱する。この場合、200℃~とすることで二酸化炭素の分離が促進され、また~350℃とすることで加熱温度がさらに低くなるため、さらに汎用性の高い二酸化炭素回収装置となる。 More preferably, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the carbon dioxide absorbing material absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature and separates carbon dioxide by heating at 200 to 350°C, and the carbon dioxide absorbing material is heated by the heating furnace. The exhaust gas heats the carbon dioxide absorbent at 200-350°C. In this case, setting the temperature to 200°C or higher promotes the separation of carbon dioxide, and setting the temperature to 350°C further lowers the heating temperature, resulting in an even more versatile carbon dioxide recovery device.
また、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記切替手段がバルブである。 Further, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the switching means is a valve.
また、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記ケーシング内において、前記二酸化炭素吸収材の前記第1配管側に、前記気体の供給時に気体を分散して前記二酸化炭素吸収材に供給する金属製メッシュフィルタが配置されている。このようにすれば、気体の供給時に気体を分散して二酸化炭素吸収材に導入させることができる。 Further, in the carbon dioxide recovery device, a metal mesh filter is provided on the first piping side of the carbon dioxide absorbent in the casing to disperse gas and supply the gas to the carbon dioxide absorbent when the gas is supplied. It is located. In this way, when gas is supplied, the gas can be dispersed and introduced into the carbon dioxide absorbing material.
また、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記回収管が、上流側から真空ポンプ及び圧縮機が設けられ、二酸化炭素を貯留する二酸化炭素回収容器に接続されている。このようにすれば、高圧縮状態で二酸化炭素を回収、貯留ができる。 Further, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the recovery pipe is connected to a carbon dioxide recovery container that stores carbon dioxide and is provided with a vacuum pump and a compressor from the upstream side. In this way, carbon dioxide can be recovered and stored in a highly compressed state.
また、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、二酸化炭素吸収材は、リチウムシリケート、ナトリウムフェライトである固形物の吸収材である。 Further, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the carbon dioxide absorbing material is a solid absorbing material such as lithium silicate or sodium ferrite.
また、この二酸化炭素回収装置は、前記二酸化炭素吸収材に二酸化炭素を含有する気体が大気である。 Further, in this carbon dioxide recovery device, the gas containing carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide absorbing material is the atmosphere.
また、前記ケーシング内に、2つの前記吸収ユニットが、第1及び第2吸収ユニットとして並列に配置され、前記第1及び第2吸収ユニットの一方が、二酸化炭素を吸収している二酸化炭素吸収状態にあるときには、前記第1及び第2吸収ユニットの他方が二酸化炭素を分離している二酸化炭素回収状態とされる。 Further, the two absorption units are arranged in parallel as first and second absorption units in the casing, and one of the first and second absorption units is in a carbon dioxide absorption state absorbing carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide is in the carbon dioxide recovery state, the other of the first and second absorption units is separating carbon dioxide .
このようにすれば、2つの吸収ユニットを用いることで、例えば、第1吸収ユニットで二酸化炭素を回収しながら、第2吸収ユニットで二酸化炭素を分離できる。また、第1吸収ユニットの二酸化炭素吸収材が二酸化炭素の吸収が飽和状態になった場合は、第1吸収ユニットと第2吸収ユニットを逆転させて運用することで、第1吸収ユニットに吸収された二酸化炭素を回収できる。これらを交互に切り替えることで、二酸化炭素の回収を効率よく行うことができる。 In this way, by using two absorption units, for example, while recovering carbon dioxide with the first absorption unit, it is possible to separate carbon dioxide with the second absorption unit. In addition, if the carbon dioxide absorbing material of the first absorption unit reaches a saturated state of absorption of carbon dioxide, by operating the first absorption unit and the second absorption unit in reverse, the carbon dioxide absorbed by the first absorption unit can be removed. carbon dioxide can be recovered. By alternately switching these, carbon dioxide can be recovered efficiently.
本発明にかかる二酸化炭素回収システムは、請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の二酸化炭素回収装置が前記加熱炉の給気通路と排気通路に組み込まれている、ことを特徴とする。 A carbon dioxide recovery system according to the present invention is characterized in that the carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is incorporated in an air supply passage and an exhaust passage of the heating furnace .
このようにすれば、加熱炉に気体が供給される際に、二酸化炭素吸収材に二酸化炭素が吸収され、二酸化炭素分離時には、加熱炉の排気の熱を利用して、二酸化炭素吸収材を加熱し、二酸化炭素吸収材から二酸化炭素を分離させ、回収することができる。これにより、回収のエネルギーコストを低減できる。 In this way, when gas is supplied to the heating furnace , carbon dioxide is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbing material, and when carbon dioxide is separated, the heat of the exhaust gas from the heating furnace is used to heat the carbon dioxide absorbing material. However, carbon dioxide can be separated and recovered from the carbon dioxide absorbing material. This allows the energy cost of recovery to be reduced.
本発明は、電磁波を用いることなく、従来よりも低い温度で二酸化炭素の吸収と分離を行える汎用性の高い二酸化炭素回収装置となる。また、これに加熱炉を利用することで、加熱炉から排出される排気熱を利用して、二酸化炭素回収のエネルギーコストを低減できる二酸化炭素回収スステムとなる。 The present invention provides a highly versatile carbon dioxide recovery device that can absorb and separate carbon dioxide at a lower temperature than before without using electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, by using a heating furnace , a carbon dioxide recovery system can be created that can reduce the energy cost of carbon dioxide recovery by utilizing the exhaust heat discharged from the heating furnace .
以下、本発明に係る実施形態を図面に基づき説明するが、本発明はこの実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
<第1実施形態>
図1は、二酸化炭素回収装置に加熱炉を接続した二酸化炭素回収システムの概略構成を示し(a)は平面断面図、(b)は正面図である。図1(a)(b)に示すように、二酸化炭素回収システムAにおいて、二酸化炭素回収装置1は、吸収ユニット5を備え、この吸収ユニット5のケーシング4の中心を排気配管2が貫通し、それの外側に環状の二酸化炭素吸収材3が配置されている。
<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a carbon dioxide recovery system in which a heating furnace is connected to a carbon dioxide recovery device, and (a) is a plan cross-sectional view, and (b) is a front view. As shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), in the carbon dioxide recovery system A, the carbon dioxide recovery device 1 includes an absorption unit 5, and an exhaust pipe 2 passes through the center of the casing 4 of the absorption unit 5. An annular carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 is arranged outside it.
二酸化炭素吸収材3は、常温で二酸化炭素を吸収し、200~300℃程度の加熱により分離する固形物の吸収材(例えば、リチウムシリケート、ナトリウムフェライト等の固形物の吸収材)で、この二酸化炭素回収システムAは、二酸化炭素回収装置1に、加熱処理装置、例えば加熱炉の炉体8が接続されたものである(図6及び図7参照)。 The carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 is a solid absorbing material (for example, a solid absorbing material such as lithium silicate, sodium ferrite, etc.) that absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature and separates it by heating at about 200 to 300°C. The carbon recovery system A includes a carbon dioxide recovery device 1 connected to a heat treatment device, for example, a furnace body 8 of a heating furnace (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
より具体的には、二酸化炭素吸収材3は、空気中の二酸化炭素を吸収するもので、設置可能な量で対象となる空間の二酸化炭素濃度を制御可能な二酸化炭素の吸収速度を有し、二酸化炭素吸収後、加熱により再度二酸化炭素を吸収できる再生が可能なものであればよく、その種類は特に限定されない。 More specifically, the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 absorbs carbon dioxide in the air, and has a carbon dioxide absorption rate that can control the carbon dioxide concentration in the target space with the amount that can be installed. The type is not particularly limited as long as it can be regenerated so that carbon dioxide can be absorbed again by heating after absorption of carbon dioxide.
例えば、Li2ZrO3、LiFeO2、LiNiO2、Li2TiO3、Li2SiO3、Li4SiO4等リチウム系複合酸化物や、ナトリウムフェライト等であればよい。特に、水溶性を示す4価のリチウムシリケートと炭酸カリウムからなる二酸化炭素吸収材は、通常の室内環境において二酸化炭素吸収速度が非常に早く、好適である。 For example, lithium-based composite oxides such as Li 2 ZrO 3 , LiFeO 2 , LiNiO 2 , Li 2 TiO 3 , Li 2 SiO 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 , sodium ferrite, etc. may be used. In particular, a carbon dioxide absorbing material made of water-soluble tetravalent lithium silicate and potassium carbonate is suitable because it has a very fast carbon dioxide absorption rate in a normal indoor environment.
また、二酸化炭素吸収材3の形状は、二酸化炭素濃度制御を行う空気がスムーズに流通でき、ケーシング4内に内包できる形状、たとえばペレット状や、フィルタ形状に形成されていればよい。 Further, the shape of the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 may be any shape that allows air for carbon dioxide concentration control to flow smoothly and can be contained within the casing 4, such as a pellet shape or a filter shape.
そして、ケーシング4の一側には、切替バルブ6を有し大気(給気)を二酸化炭素吸収材3に導入する第1配管7を有し、他側には、二酸化炭素吸収材3を通過した大気を加熱炉の炉体8に供給する、第1開閉バルブ9を有する第2配管10が接続されている。二酸化炭素吸収材3の第1配管7側には、給気時に大気を吸収材に分散して導入できるように金属製メッシュフィルタ11が配置されている。 One side of the casing 4 has a first pipe 7 that has a switching valve 6 and introduces atmospheric air (supply air) into the carbon dioxide absorbent 3, and the other side has a first pipe 7 that passes through the carbon dioxide absorbent 3. A second pipe 10 having a first opening/closing valve 9 is connected to supply the heated atmosphere to the furnace body 8 of the heating furnace. A metal mesh filter 11 is arranged on the first pipe 7 side of the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 so that the atmosphere can be dispersed and introduced into the absorbing material during air supply.
排気配管2は、一端が第2開閉バルブ12を介して炉体8(具体的には、炉内排気管)に接続され、他端が外部に開放されている。この第2開閉バルブ12は、二酸化炭素分離時には、開状態とされ、炉体8内からの排気が排気配管2を流れることで、排熱によって二酸化炭素吸収材3を加熱し、二酸化炭素吸収材3から二酸化炭素を分離させる。 One end of the exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the furnace body 8 (specifically, an in-furnace exhaust pipe) via the second on-off valve 12, and the other end is open to the outside. This second opening/closing valve 12 is in an open state during carbon dioxide separation, and when the exhaust gas from inside the furnace body 8 flows through the exhaust pipe 2, the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 is heated by the exhaust heat, and the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 is heated. Carbon dioxide is separated from 3.
切替バルブ6は、導入される大気を二酸化炭素吸収材3に流す第1状態と、二酸化炭素吸収材3から分離した二酸化炭素を、真空ポンプ13、圧縮機14、二酸化炭素回収容器であるタンク15を順に有する回収管16に流す第2状態とを選択的に取り得るようになっている。第1の状態では、導入された大気が二酸化炭素吸収材3内に導入され、第2の状態では、二酸化炭素吸収材3から分離した二酸化炭素が、回収管16に流れる。 The switching valve 6 has a first state in which the introduced atmosphere flows into the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3, and a first state in which the introduced atmosphere flows into the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3, and a state in which the carbon dioxide separated from the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3 is transferred to a vacuum pump 13, a compressor 14, and a tank 15 which is a carbon dioxide recovery container. and a second state in which the water is allowed to flow into the recovery pipe 16 having the following in order. In the first state, the introduced atmosphere is introduced into the carbon dioxide absorbent 3, and in the second state, the carbon dioxide separated from the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 flows into the recovery pipe 16.
よって、加熱炉の炉体8への給気時には、図2(a)に示すように、切替バルブ6は第1状態とされ、第1開閉バルブ9は開状態とされ、第2開閉バルブ12は閉状態とされる。 Therefore, when air is supplied to the furnace body 8 of the heating furnace, the switching valve 6 is in the first state, the first on-off valve 9 is in the open state, and the second on-off valve 12 is in the open state, as shown in FIG. is considered to be closed.
これにより、第1配管7を通じて導入された大気が、二酸化炭素吸収材3を通過し、通過後の大気は第2配管10を通じて、加熱炉の炉体8内に供給される。大気が二酸化炭素吸収材3を通過している際に、二酸化炭素が二酸化炭素吸収材3に吸収され、大気から除かれる。 As a result, the air introduced through the first pipe 7 passes through the carbon dioxide absorbing material 3, and the air after passing is supplied into the furnace body 8 of the heating furnace through the second pipe 10. While the atmosphere is passing through the carbon dioxide absorbent 3, carbon dioxide is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 and removed from the atmosphere.
一定時間経過すると、二酸化炭素吸収材3に二酸化炭素が十分吸収され、蓄積されるので、二酸化炭素吸収材3から二酸化炭素を分離し回収する作業に移ることになる。このとき、図2(b)に示すように、切替バルブ6は第2状態とされ、第1開閉バルブ9は閉状態とされ、第2開閉バルブ12は開状態とされる。 After a certain period of time has elapsed, carbon dioxide has been sufficiently absorbed and accumulated in the carbon dioxide absorbent material 3, so the work moves on to separating and recovering carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbent material 3. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the switching valve 6 is in the second state, the first on-off valve 9 is in the closed state, and the second on-off valve 12 is in the open state.
これにより、加熱炉の炉体8内から加熱された排気が排気配管2を通じて、外部に排出され、その排出される際に、ケーシング4内を排気が通過するとき、排気配管2周囲に配置されている二酸化炭素吸収材3を加熱し、二酸化炭素吸収材3から二酸化炭素を分離させる。 As a result, the heated exhaust gas from the furnace body 8 of the heating furnace is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 2, and when the exhaust gas passes through the casing 4 when being discharged, the The carbon dioxide absorbent material 3 is heated to separate carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbent material 3.
この分離した二酸化炭素は、真空ポンプ13の駆動により、第1配管7を通じて回収管16に排出され、圧縮機14にて圧縮されて、高濃度二酸化炭素としてタンク15に貯留される。このタンク15に貯留された二酸化炭素は各種用途に利用される。 The separated carbon dioxide is discharged through the first pipe 7 into the recovery pipe 16 by driving the vacuum pump 13, compressed by the compressor 14, and stored in the tank 15 as highly concentrated carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide stored in this tank 15 is used for various purposes.
よって、排熱を利用することで、エネルギーを無駄に使うことなく、二酸化炭素の回収がなされる。 Therefore, by using waste heat, carbon dioxide can be recovered without wasting energy.
<第2実施形態>
前記した第1実施形態では、二酸化炭素回収装置1が吸収ユニット5を1つ備えた二酸化炭素回収システムAであるが、図3に示すように、二酸化炭素回収装置50が第1及び第2吸収ユニット50A,50Bを2つ備えた二酸化炭素回収システムBとすることも可能である。この場合には、大気導入側の配管構成は、吸収ユニット50A,50Bのいずれに給気するかを切り替える切替バルブ21を有する。
<Second embodiment>
In the first embodiment described above, the carbon dioxide recovery device 1 is a carbon dioxide recovery system A including one absorption unit 5, but as shown in FIG. It is also possible to configure a carbon dioxide recovery system B including two units 50A and 50B. In this case, the piping configuration on the air introduction side includes a switching valve 21 that switches which of the absorption units 50A and 50B is to be supplied with air.
そして、二酸化炭素吸収材に給気する主管22a及び主管22aから分岐して二酸化炭素吸収材(吸収ユニット50A,50B)に給気する分岐管22b,22bを有する第1配管22と、各吸収ユニット50A,50Bの排気配管に接続される第1排気管23とを備える。また、第1配管22の主管22aには、回収管に接続される継手24aを有する配管24の両端が接続され、配管24の、主管22a付近には開閉バルブ25,25が設けられている。 The first pipe 22 includes a main pipe 22a that supplies air to the carbon dioxide absorbent, and branch pipes 22b, 22b that branch from the main pipe 22a and supply air to the carbon dioxide absorbent (absorption units 50A, 50B), and each absorption unit. The first exhaust pipe 23 is connected to the exhaust pipes 50A and 50B. Further, both ends of a pipe 24 having a joint 24a connected to a recovery pipe are connected to the main pipe 22a of the first pipe 22, and on-off valves 25, 25 are provided in the vicinity of the main pipe 22a of the pipe 24.
炉体8側の配管構成は、炉体8に接続される継手31を有し端部が吸収ユニット50A,50B(二酸化炭素吸収材)に接続されている主配管32aと、主配管32aから分岐して延び吸収ユニット50A,50B(二酸化炭素吸収材)に接続される2つの分岐管32b,32bとを有する第2配管32と、主配管32aの両端部付近及び分岐管32b,32bに設けられている開閉バルブ33,33,33,33とを有する。また、開閉バルブ34を有し炉体8内を各吸収ユニット50A,50Bの排気配管に接続する第2排気管35を備える。 The piping configuration on the furnace body 8 side includes a main piping 32a that has a joint 31 connected to the furnace body 8 and whose ends are connected to absorption units 50A and 50B (carbon dioxide absorbing material), and a main piping 32a that branches from the main piping 32a. A second pipe 32 having two branch pipes 32b, 32b extending therefrom and connected to absorption units 50A, 50B (carbon dioxide absorbing material); The opening/closing valves 33, 33, 33, 33 are provided. Further, a second exhaust pipe 35 having an on-off valve 34 and connecting the inside of the furnace body 8 to the exhaust pipes of each absorption unit 50A, 50B is provided.
二酸化炭素吸収時には、切替バルブ21を第1状態、第1開閉バルブ33を開状態、第2開閉バルブ25を閉状態とする一方、二酸化炭素分離時には、切替バルブ21を第2状態、第1開閉バルブ33を閉状態、第2開閉バルブ25を開状態とするものである。 During carbon dioxide absorption, the switching valve 21 is in the first state, the first on-off valve 33 is in the open state, and the second on-off valve 25 is in the closed state, while during carbon dioxide separation, the switching valve 21 is in the second state, in the first on-off state. The valve 33 is closed and the second opening/closing valve 25 is opened.
よって、吸収ユニット50A,50Bの一方が、二酸化炭素を吸収している際には、他方の吸収ユニット50A,50Bが二酸化炭素を分離し、二酸化炭素を回収することになる。 Therefore, when one of the absorption units 50A, 50B is absorbing carbon dioxide, the other absorption unit 50A, 50B separates the carbon dioxide and recovers the carbon dioxide.
<その他の実施形態>
以上のとおり、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、種々の追加、変更または削除が可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、炉体8の排気が配管を通じてケーシング内の二酸化炭素吸収材を加熱しているが、二酸化炭素吸収材を別の配管内に配置する構成とし、炉体8の排気がケーシング内の配管外を通過する構成とすることも可能である。したがって、そのようなものも本発明の範囲内に含まれる。
<Other embodiments>
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, changes, or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the exhaust gas from the furnace body 8 heats the carbon dioxide absorbing material in the casing through the piping, but the carbon dioxide absorbing material is arranged in a separate piping, and the exhaust gas from the furnace body 8 heats the carbon dioxide absorbing material in the casing. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the pipe passes outside the pipe inside the casing. Therefore, such materials are also included within the scope of the present invention.
1 二酸化炭素回収装置
2 排気配管
3 二酸化炭素吸収材
4 ケーシング
5 吸収ユニット
6 切替バルブ
7 第1配管
8 炉体
9 第1開閉バルブ
10 第2配管
11 メッシュフィルタ
12 第2開閉バルブ
13 真空ポンプ
14 圧縮機
15 タンク
16 回収管
21 切替バルブ
22 第1配管
22a 主管
22b 分岐管
23 第1排気管
24 配管
24a 継手
25 開閉バルブ
31 継手
32a 主配管
32b 分岐管
33 開閉バルブ
34 開閉バルブ
35 第2排気管
50 二酸化炭素回収装置
50A 吸収ユニット
50B 吸収ユニット
A 二酸化炭素回収システム
B 二酸化炭素回収システム
1 Carbon dioxide recovery device 2 Exhaust piping 3 Carbon dioxide absorbing material 4 Casing 5 Absorption unit 6 Switching valve 7 First piping 8 Furnace body 9 First opening/closing valve 10 Second piping 11 Mesh filter 12 Second opening/closing valve 13 Vacuum pump 14 Compression Machine 15 Tank 16 Recovery pipe 21 Switching valve 22 First pipe 22a Main pipe 22b Branch pipe 23 First exhaust pipe 24 Piping 24a Joint 25 Open/close valve 31 Joint 32a Main pipe 32b Branch pipe 33 Open/close valve 34 Open/close valve 35 Second exhaust pipe 50 Carbon dioxide recovery device 50A Absorption unit 50B Absorption unit A Carbon dioxide recovery system B Carbon dioxide recovery system
Claims (10)
ケーシング内に温度差により二酸化炭素を吸着・分離する二酸化炭素吸収材が配置された吸収ユニットと、
前記ケーシングの一側に接続され、前記二酸化炭素吸収材に二酸化炭素を含有する気体を供給する第1配管と、
前記ケーシングの他側に接続され、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を通過した気体を、給気として前記加熱炉の給気通路に供給する第2配管と、
前記第1配管に接続され二酸化炭素を回収する回収管と、
一端が前記加熱炉の排気通路に接続され、中間部分が前記ケーシング内の二酸化炭素吸収材内を通過し、他端が前記ケーシング外に開放され、前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が流れる排気配管と、
前記第2配管に設けられる第1開閉バルブと、
前記排気配管に設けられる第2開閉バルブと、
前記第1配管と前記回収管との接続部分に設けられ、前記二酸化炭素吸収材に前記気体を供給する第1状態と、前記二酸化炭素吸収材から分離される二酸化炭素を前記回収管を通じて回収する第2状態とを切り替える切替手段と、を備え、
二酸化炭素吸収時には、前記切替手段を第1状態、前記第1開閉バルブを開状態、前記第2開閉バルブを閉状態とする一方、二酸化炭素回収時には、前記切替手段を第2状態、前記第1開閉バルブを閉状態、前記第2開閉バルブを開状態とする、
ことを特徴とする二酸化炭素回収装置。 This is a carbon dioxide recovery device that is installed in the air supply passage and exhaust passage of a heating furnace .
An absorption unit in which a carbon dioxide absorbing material that adsorbs and separates carbon dioxide depending on the temperature difference is placed inside the casing;
a first pipe connected to one side of the casing and supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide absorbent;
a second pipe connected to the other side of the casing and supplying the gas that has passed through the carbon dioxide absorbing material to the air supply passage of the heating furnace as supply air ;
a recovery pipe connected to the first pipe and collecting carbon dioxide;
Exhaust piping whose one end is connected to the exhaust passage of the heating furnace, whose middle portion passes through the carbon dioxide absorbing material in the casing, and whose other end is open to the outside of the casing, through which exhaust gas heated by the heating furnace flows. and,
a first on-off valve provided in the second pipe;
a second on-off valve provided in the exhaust pipe;
A first state , which is provided at a connecting portion between the first pipe and the recovery pipe, supplies the gas to the carbon dioxide absorbent, and recovers carbon dioxide separated from the carbon dioxide absorbent through the recovery pipe. a switching means for switching between the second state and the second state;
When absorbing carbon dioxide, the switching means is in the first state, the first on-off valve is in the open state, and the second on-off valve is in the closed state, while when carbon dioxide is being recovered, the switching means is in the second state and the first on-off valve is in the closed state. closing the on-off valve and opening the second on-off valve;
A carbon dioxide recovery device characterized by:
前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を150~500℃で加熱するものである、
請求項1記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 The carbon dioxide absorbing material absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature and separates carbon dioxide by heating at 150 to 500 ° C.,
The exhaust gas heated by the heating furnace heats the carbon dioxide absorbent at 150 to 500°C,
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to claim 1.
前記加熱炉によって加熱された排気が、前記二酸化炭素吸収材を200~350℃で加熱する、
請求項1記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 The carbon dioxide absorbing material absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature and separates carbon dioxide by heating at 200 to 350 ° C.,
The exhaust gas heated by the heating furnace heats the carbon dioxide absorbent at 200 to 350 ° C.
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to claim 1.
請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 the switching means is a valve;
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 In the casing, a metal mesh filter is disposed on the first piping side of the carbon dioxide absorbent, and when the gas is supplied, a metal mesh filter is disposed to disperse the gas and supply the gas to the carbon dioxide absorbent.
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 The recovery pipe is connected from the upstream side to a carbon dioxide recovery container that is provided with a vacuum pump and a compressor and stores carbon dioxide.
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回装置。 The carbon dioxide absorbent is a solid absorbent that is lithium silicate, sodium ferrite,
The carbon dioxide recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 the carbon dioxide-containing gas is the atmosphere;
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
前記第1及び第2吸収ユニットの一方が、二酸化炭素を吸収している二酸化炭素吸収状態にあるときには、前記第1及び第2吸収ユニットの他方が二酸化炭素を分離している二酸化炭素回収状態とされる、
請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項記載の二酸化炭素回収装置。 In the casing, two of the absorption units are arranged in parallel as first and second absorption units,
When one of the first and second absorption units is in a carbon dioxide absorption state in which carbon dioxide is absorbed , the other one of the first and second absorption units is in a carbon dioxide recovery state in which carbon dioxide is separated. be done ,
The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .
ことを特徴とする二酸化炭素回収システム。 The carbon dioxide recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is incorporated in an air supply passage and an exhaust passage of the heating furnace.
A carbon dioxide recovery system characterized by:
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