JP7391795B2 - Stairs and their construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a staircase and a method for constructing the same.

In general, it has left and right side plates (stringers) that are arranged diagonally upward at the rear at intervals on the left and right from each other with the lower end surfaces in contact with the floor surface, and on the opposite surfaces of the side plates, along the front and rear horizontal direction. An extending tread insertion groove and a riser insertion groove that is continuous with the front part of the tread insertion groove and extends in the vertical direction are formed in multiple stages. Precut stairs in which risers are inserted into grooves at the left and right ends are widely known.

The tread insertion grooves and riser insertion grooves in the side panels are open to the rear end surface (lower end surface) of the side panels, and when constructing stairs, after the left and right side panels are fixed on the floor surface, each tread of the side board can be inserted. Insert the tread horizontally into the groove from the rear end, insert the riser into the riser insertion groove from its lower end in an upright position, and insert the upper end of the riser into the engagement groove on the bottom of the tread. It is designed to engage and connect.

However, since the distance between the bottom tread and the floor is narrow for the bottom riser, which is placed below the bottom tread, the riser is placed in an upright position due to interference with the floor. It becomes difficult to insert the plate into the insertion groove.

Therefore, in the past, various proposals have been made for attaching the lowermost riser board to the side plate, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3. For example, in the structure shown in Patent Document 1, in order to allow the riser to escape, an opening similar to the cross-sectional shape of the riser is formed in one side plate, and the riser is slid in the length direction to open one end of the riser. is inserted into the opening, and in this state, the other end is rotated so as not to interfere with the other side plate, and then the riser plate is slid in the opposite direction and inserted into the insertion groove of the other side plate. .

In the structure of Patent Document 2, a working groove is formed on the rear side of the riser insertion groove, which is deeper than the riser insertion groove and whose rear groove side surface slopes downward and rearward, and the riser is inserted into the groove. After the riser is placed horizontally and inserted into the working groove from below, the riser is tilted forward and upward while being erected within the riser insertion groove and inserted.

In the structure of Patent Document 3, a V-shaped working groove is formed on the rear side of the riser insertion groove and has the same depth and is shallower than the treadboard insertion groove and opens upward, and the riser is inserted into the treadboard insertion groove. It is designed to be inserted from the top through. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, an insertion groove that communicates with the working groove is separately provided on the rear end surface of the side plate below the tread insertion groove, and after the riser is inserted into the working groove from the insertion groove, the front It has also been proposed that the riser board be inserted into the riser insertion groove by being raised upright.

JP 2019-82002 Publication JP2006-299630A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-148149

By the way, in the above-mentioned patent document 1, it is necessary to form an opening in the side plate for allowing the riser to escape, which makes the structure complicated and the processing difficult.

On the other hand, in the structures of Patent Documents 2 and 3, unlike the structure of Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to form an opening, resulting in a simple structure that is easy to process. However, the structure of Patent Document 2 uses a downwardly expanding working groove with an inclined rear groove side surface, so the lowermost riser board can only be inserted into the working groove from below. The work procedure of the construction method will be limited.

On the other hand, in the structure of Patent Document 3, the lowermost riser is inserted into the V-shaped working groove that opens upward, so the riser can only be inserted into the working groove from the upper side. The work procedure is still limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to improve the structure of the lower part of the side plate of a staircase so that the lowest riser can be inserted into the riser insertion groove from either the upper or lower side. However, the purpose is to make the construction easier by making it possible to insert them, so that the construction procedure can be selected according to the needs of the construction site, and by providing a wider range of construction methods.

In order to achieve the above object, in this invention, the riser insertion groove for inserting the lowest riser is arranged such that the riser is placed in an inclined position including a backward leaning position and a forward leaning position within the insertion groove. By making the groove wide enough to accommodate the riser plate, the riser plate can be inserted into the riser plate insertion groove from above via the upper tread plate insertion groove or from the bottom side of the riser plate insertion groove.

Specifically, the first invention comprises left and right side plates that are arranged diagonally upward from the rear with a space left and right from each other with their lower end surfaces in contact with the floor surface, and opposing surfaces of the left and right side plates. includes a tread insertion groove extending along the front and rear horizontal direction for inserting the tread at the left and right ends, which has an engagement groove in the front part of the lower surface, and a tread plate insertion groove that extends in the front and back horizontal direction and is continuous with the front part of the tread insertion groove, and a riser board is inserted into the tread plate. Riser board insertion grooves extending along the vertical direction for insertion at the left and right ends are each formed in multiple stages, and the tread plate inserted into the tread insertion groove is inserted into the engagement groove and into the riser board insertion groove. The premise is that the stairs are designed so that the upper ends of the raised risers are engaged.

The bottom tread insertion groove into which the bottom tread is inserted has a rear open end portion that is opened at the rear end surface of the side plate, while the bottom tread insertion groove into which the bottom tread is inserted has , a cut is made from the lowermost stepboard insertion groove to the rear end of the lower end surface of the side plate or the lower end of the rear end surface so that the upper end communicates with the lowermost stepboard insertion groove; It has a lower open end that is open at the lower end of the end face.

The lowermost riser insertion groove is wide enough to allow the lowermost riser to form an inclined posture with respect to a vertical plane within the lowermost riser insertion groove. A riser fixing portion for fixing the lowermost riser board is provided on the front groove side surface of the lowermost riser insertion groove.

Further, the lowermost riser board extends from the rear open end of the lowermost stepboard insertion groove to the lowermost stepboard insertion groove, and the upper end thereof is connected to the lowermost stepboard insertion groove. An upper insertion path leading to the bottom riser insertion groove communicating with the insertion groove, and a lower insertion path leading from the lower open end of the bottom riser insertion groove to the bottom riser insertion groove. The device is characterized in that it can be inserted while being in the above-mentioned inclined position by both of the above.

In this first invention, the lowermost riser insertion groove formed on the opposing surfaces of the left and right side panels of the staircase is a wide groove, and the lowermost riser is vertical within the lowermost riser insertion groove. A groove that is large enough to form a tilted posture with respect to the surface, that is, a forward tilted posture in which the upper part is located more forward than the lower part, or a backward tilted posture in which the upper part is located more rearward than the lower part. It has a width. Therefore, compared to a normal riser insertion groove whose groove width is only enough to allow the riser to be inserted by sliding it upwards, the lowermost riser has a greater degree of freedom in the posture that it can take within the lowermost riser insertion groove. will expand. In this way, the posture of the riser can be easily changed within the bottom riser insertion groove, so the bottom riser can be inserted not only below but also above the bottom riser into the bottom riser insertion groove. Additionally, it can be inserted from both the top and bottom.

When inserting the bottom step riser from above, the bottom step riser is inserted through the upper insertion path, enters the bottom step insertion groove from the rear open end of the bottom step insertion groove, and inserts the bottom step board into the bottom step insertion groove. The riser board enters the lowermost riser board insertion groove whose upper end communicates with the tread board insertion groove while taking an inclined position (backwards inclined position) in which the upper side part of the riser board is located on the rear side than the lower side part.

On the other hand, when inserting the lowest riser board from the bottom, the lowest riser board assumes an inclined position (forward leaning position) in which its upper part is located in front of the lower part. It enters the lowermost riser insertion groove from the lower open end of the riser insertion groove. In this way, the lowermost riser is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove in an inclined position, so it is inserted smoothly without interfering with the floor surface.

In this way, the bottom riser board can be inserted into the bottom riser board insertion groove from both the top and bottom sides, so the construction procedure can be selected according to the needs of the construction site, and there is a wide range of construction methods. It is possible to facilitate the

In addition, the lowermost riser board insertion groove only needs to be formed wide in the side plate, and its structure is simple and processing is easy.

A second invention is the staircase of the first invention, in which the lowermost riser insertion groove is a wide straight groove whose rear groove side surface extends vertically in parallel with the front groove side surface.

In this second invention, it is sufficient to form a wide linear groove in which the front and rear groove side surfaces extend parallel to each other in the vertical direction as the lowermost riser plate insertion groove, and the structure is simple and the processing becomes extremely easy.

A third invention is the staircase according to the first or second invention, characterized in that the bottom riser insertion groove has a groove depth shallower than the bottom tread insertion groove.

In this third invention, the groove depth of the lowest step riser insertion groove is shallower than the lowermost step board insertion groove above it, so that the lowest step step board inserted into the lowest step step board insertion groove can be inserted into the lowest step step board insertion groove. It is possible to support even a portion where the groove depth of the lower riser board insertion groove is shallow, that is, a stepped portion due to a difference in groove depth, and a large support strength for the lowermost step board can be ensured.

A fourth invention is a construction method for constructing the stairs according to any one of the first to third inventions. The construction method for this staircase is to insert the bottom riser board into the bottom riser insertion groove via either the upper insertion route or the lower insertion route, and then insert the bottom riser board into the bottom riser insertion groove. Insert the board so that it is tilted in the inserting groove. Next, insert the bottom step board into the bottom step board insertion groove from the rear open end to the front side, and while raising the bottom step board from the inclined position in the bottom step board insertion groove, The upper end of the lowermost riser board is engaged with the engagement groove of the lowermost step board. Finally, the lowermost riser is fixed to the riser fixing portion of the lowermost riser insertion groove.

In this fourth invention, when the bottom step board and the bottom riser board are inserted into the side boards after the left and right side boards are fixed on the floor surface, the bottom step board is inserted into the bottom riser board. The lowermost riser board is inserted into the board insertion groove via either the upper insertion path or the lower insertion path so as to be in an inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove. Next, the lowermost step board is inserted into the lowermost step board insertion groove from the rear open end to the front side. The lowermost riser is raised from the inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove, and its upper end is engaged with the engagement groove of the lowermost step. When the lowest step board is inserted to the insertion end, the lowest step riser is fixed to the riser fixing portion of the lowest step riser insertion groove. By doing so, the lowermost riser board can be easily attached to the side plate together with the lowermost stepboard.

The fifth invention is also a construction method for constructing the stairs according to any one of the first to third inventions. In this staircase construction method, first, the lowest tread is inserted into the lowest tread insertion groove from the rear open end toward the front. Next, insert the lowermost riser into the lowermost riser insertion groove via the lower insertion path so that the lowermost riser is in an inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove. Insert into. While the lowermost riser is raised from the inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove, the upper end of the lowermost riser is engaged with the engagement groove of the lowermost step. Finally, the lowermost riser is fixed to the riser fixing portion of the lowermost riser insertion groove.

In this fifth invention, after the left and right side plates are fixed on the floor surface, when inserting the lowermost step board and the lowermost riser board into the side boards, the lowermost step board is first inserted into the lowermost step board. It is inserted into the insertion groove from the rear open end to the front. Next, the lowermost riser board is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove via the lower insertion path so that the lowermost riser board is in an inclined position within the lowermost riser board insertion groove. inserted. The lowermost riser is raised from the inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove, and its upper end is engaged with the engagement groove of the lowermost step. When the lowest step board is inserted to the insertion end, the lowest step riser is fixed to the riser fixing portion of the lowest step riser insertion groove. With this construction method as well, the lowermost riser board can be easily attached to the side board together with the lowermost stepboard.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the bottom riser insertion groove formed in the side plate of the staircase can be formed in such a manner that the bottom riser board is inclined with respect to the vertical plane. A wide groove with a width of approximately 100 mm, and an upper insertion path extending from the lowest step board into the lowest step riser insertion groove through the upper end thereof, and from the lowest step step board insertion groove to the lowest step riser board insertion groove. By making it possible to insert the bottom riser board into the bottom riser board insertion groove while being in an inclined position with the lower insertion path extending from the lower open end of the bottom riser board, the bottom riser board can be inserted into the bottom riser board insertion groove. It can be inserted into the groove from both the top and bottom, and the construction procedure can be selected according to the needs of the construction site, making it possible to increase the range of construction methods and facilitate construction with a simple structure.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the lowermost step board insertion groove and the lowermost riser board insertion groove in the right side plate, viewed from the upper left side (inside). FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a state in which the lowermost riser plate is inserted into the lowermost riser plate insertion groove through the lower insertion path. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a state in which the lowermost riser board is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove through the upper insertion path. FIG. 4 is a perspective view from the lower left side showing a state in which the lowest riser inserted into the lowest riser insertion groove is engaged with the lowest tread inserted into the lowest tread insertion groove. It is. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the bottom step board insertion groove, the bottom step riser board insertion groove, and the bottom step board and riser board inserted into them, respectively. Figure 6 shows the lowermost riser inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove in an inclined position and its upper end engaged with the engagement groove of the lowermost tread inserted into the lowermost tread insertion groove. FIG. FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view showing a state in which the lowermost riser inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove is in an inclined position. FIG. 8 is a front view schematically showing a state in which the lowermost riser board is fixed by the left and right crosspiece boards, viewed from the rear side. FIG. 9 is a side view schematically showing the state in which the lowermost riser board is fixed by the crosspiece board when viewed from the right side. FIG. 10 is a side view showing the main parts of the side plate. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the lower part of the staircase according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The following description of the embodiments is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present invention, its applications, or its uses.

FIG. 11 shows a precut staircase S according to an embodiment of the invention. This staircase S is a straight staircase, and in the following explanation, the front side of the staircase S in the upward direction is referred to as the "front", the back side is referred to as the "rear", the left side is referred to as the "left", and the right side is referred to as the "front". It is explained as "right".

The staircase S includes, for example, left and right side plates 1, 1 (only the left side is shown) that are arranged and fixed in an upright manner so as to face the wall surface W from side to side. Although FIG. 11 shows the left side plate 1, the right side plate 1 has a similar structure. These side plates 1, 1 are elongated plate-shaped objects also called stringers, and are arranged and fixed parallel to each other with an upward slope toward the rear, and their front ends are cut vertically up and down. , the lower end is cut horizontally in the front and back and comes into contact with the floor surface F.

A plurality of step boards 15, 15, . 18,... are arranged in multiple stages, and each riser board 18 is also spanned between the left and right side boards 1, 1. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 20 denotes a nosing member for preventing slippage, which is attached to the front end of each footboard 15.

As shown in FIG. 10, the opposing surfaces of the left and right side plates 1, 1 have multi-step tread insertion grooves 4, 4 extending in the horizontal front-rear direction for inserting the left and right end portions of each tread 15 in the length direction. ... and multi-stage riser insertion grooves 8, 8, ... extending in the vertical direction for inserting the left and right ends in the length direction of each riser 18 are formed so as to alternately continue, and each step insertion groove The upper part of the riser insertion groove 8 on the lower stage side is continuous with the front part of 4.

The front end of each tread insertion groove 4 is located near the front side of the side plate 1 and is closed, but the rear end is open to the rear end surface (lower end surface) of the side plate 1, and the tread insertion groove 4 is located on the rear side. It has an open end 5. The upper groove side surface of the tread insertion groove 4 extends horizontally in the front and back, but the lower groove side surface 4a is sloped downward toward the rear, and the groove width (vertical width) of the tread insertion groove 4 increases toward the rear side. It has become.

The footboard 15 is a plate material extending in the left-right direction and having a predetermined thickness (for example, 30 to 36 mm), and has an engagement groove 16 extending in the left-right direction formed in the front portion of its lower surface. Then, insert this treadboard 15 into the treadboard insertion groove 4 while sliding it forward from the rear open end 5 to the front end, so that a wedge is formed between the lower surface of the treadboard 15 and the lower groove side surface 4a of the treadboard insertion groove 4. A member (not shown) is fitted and fixed in a non-removable state.

Each riser insertion groove 8 crosses the lower tread insertion groove 4 so as to communicate with the rear position, its upper end continues to a position near the front end of the upper tread insertion groove 4, and the lower end The riser insertion groove 8 has a lower open end 10. The riser insertion groove 8 has a lower open end 10.

The riser board 18 is a plate material that is thinner than the tread board 15 (for example, 5.5 to 12 mm) and extends in the left-right direction.The riser board 18 is inserted into the riser board insertion groove 8 from the lower open end 10 to the upper end. The upper end thereof is engaged with the engagement groove 16 on the lower surface of the tread plate 15 on the upper tier side, while the lower end part is fixed and attached to the rear end surface of the tread plate 15 on the lower tier side. ing.

The structure of the staircase S described up to this point is usually the same as a general pre-cut staircase, but the feature of the present invention is that, as explained below, in each side plate 1, there is a kicker at the lowest step (first step from the bottom). This is due to the structure of the riser insertion groove 8 for inserting the insert board 18.

In the following description, the lowermost riser 18 is designated as "18A", and the lowermost riser insertion groove 8 is distinguished as "lowermost riser insertion groove 8A". Further, the code of the lowest step (first step) step board 15 is "15A", and the step board insertion groove 4 for inserting the step board 15A is distinguished as the "lowest step step board insertion groove 4A". Note that the bottom step board 15A is a plate material having the same dimensions as the other step boards 15, 15, ... other than the bottom step, and the bottom step riser 18A is also a board material with the same dimensions as the other step boards 15, 15, ... other than the bottom step. It is a plate material with the same dimensions as 18,....

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the lowest step board insertion groove 4A for inserting the lowest step board 15A has a rear open end portion 5 that is open to the rear end surface of the side plate 1 as described above. . On the other hand, the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 8A for inserting the lowest stepboard insertion groove 18 is connected to the side board from the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A so that the upper end thereof communicates with the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A. It is cut in the vertical direction to the rear end of the lower end surface of the side plate 1 or the lower end of the rear end surface (the intersection corner of the lower end surface and the rear end surface), and is opened at the rear end of the lower end surface of the side plate 1 or the lower end of the rear end surface. It has a lower open end 10. Although FIG. 1 shows the right side plate 1, FIG. 5 shows the left side plate 1. In FIG. 5, the bottom step board 15A shows the right end.

The bottom riser insertion groove 8A has a groove width (width in the front-rear direction) of the other riser insertion grooves 8 that is slightly larger than the thickness of the riser 18, so that the riser 18 can be inserted from the bottom. It consists of a wide groove that is narrow enough to allow sliding movement (for example, 6 to 25 mm), but wider than the other riser insertion grooves 8 (width in the front-rear direction). In the lowest riser insertion groove 8A, the groove width is such that the lowest riser 18A can form an inclined posture with respect to the vertical plane (for example, 40 to 150 mm). "The lowermost riser 18A forms an inclined posture with respect to the vertical plane" means that the upper side of the lowermost riser 18A (therefore, the thin riser 18 having the same dimensions as the others) This includes a "backward tilting position" in which the riser board 18A is tilted so that it is deviated rearward from the lower side part, and a "forward tilting position" in which the upper part of the riser 18A is tilted so that it is deviated forward from the lower part. When the lowermost riser 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A via the upper insertion path R1, which will be described later, the lowermost riser 18A is tilted backward in the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A. On the other hand, when it is inserted through the lower insertion path R2, it assumes a forward leaning posture.

In addition, since the groove width of the lowest riser board insertion groove 8A is larger than the thickness of the riser board 18A in this way, the riser board 18A is in a forward leaning position or backward position within the lowest stage riser board insertion groove 8A. In addition to the tilted position, it is also possible to take a tilted position in which one of the left and right sides is shifted from the other side in the front-rear direction (see FIG. 7).

The lowermost riser insertion groove 8A has a flat groove bottom, and is a wide straight groove in which the rear groove side surface and the front groove side surface extend vertically in parallel with each other (deformed in FIGS. 1 to 3). are doing). Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the groove depth d2 of the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A is shallower than the groove depth d1 of the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A (d2<d1 ). With this, in the lowest step tread insertion groove 4A, when the lowest step tread 15A is inserted into the lowest step tread insertion groove 4A, the lower groove side surface 4a that receives the load of the tread 15A is The groove 8A remains partially intact like the other front and rear portions without chipping.

The front groove side surface of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A is a plane extending in the vertical direction, and a riser fixing portion 9 for fixing the lowermost riser 18A is provided at this portion. This riser fixing part 9 (the front groove side surface of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A) has a structure in which the lowermost riser 18A comes into contact with the front end and is fixed. For example, the lowermost riser board 18A that is in contact with the riser board fixing part 9 is fixed to the side board 1 by diagonally driving nails from the rear side.

In addition, as another fixing structure of the lowermost riser board 18A to the riser board fixing part 9, as shown in FIGS. The left and right ends of the riser board 18A are fixed to the side board 1 by arranging left and right crosspieces 22, 22 extending in the direction and having the same height as the riser board 18A, and driving nails diagonally through the crosspieces 22, 22. or by fixing the crosspiece 22 to the side plate 1, the crosspiece 22 presses the left and right ends of the riser 18A against the riser fixing part 9 (the front side groove side of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A). A fixed structure may also be adopted.

With the above structure, the lowermost riser 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A from the rear open end 5 of the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, there is an upper insertion path R1 that passes through the lower tread plate insertion groove 4A and reaches into the lowermost riser plate insertion groove 8A whose upper end communicates with the lowermost tread plate insertion groove 4A, and as shown in FIG. The lower insertion path R2 extending from the lower open end 10 of the groove 8A to the lowermost riser plate insertion groove 8A allows insertion while taking the above-mentioned inclined position.

Next, a method for constructing the stairs S of the above embodiment will be explained. First, the left and right side plates 1, 1 are fixed in an upright position with a space between them and tilted upward from the rear.

Insert each step board 15 except the bottom step board 15A into the step board insertion grooves 4, 4 at the same height of the left and right side plates 1, 1 from the rear open end 5 to the front end, and insert the step board insertion groove 4 into the bottom groove of the step board insertion groove 4. A wedge member is driven between the side surface and the lower surface of the footboard 15 to fix the footboard 15 so that the top surface is horizontal.

In addition, the risers 18 except the lowest riser board 18A are inserted into the riser insertion grooves 8, 8 at the same height of the left and right side panels 1, 1 from the lower open end 10, and the upper end thereof is It engages with the engagement groove 16 on the lower surface of the upper step board 15, and its lower end is fixed to the rear end surface of the lower step board 15.

There are two methods for constructing the bottom step board 15A and riser board 18A. The first method is to first insert the lowermost riser 18A into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A, and then insert the lowermost tread 15A into the lowermost tread insertion groove 4A. In method 2, conversely, the lowermost step board 15A is inserted into the lowermost step board insertion groove 4A, and then the lowermost riser board 18A is inserted into the lowermost step board insertion groove 8A.

Regarding the first method, the lowermost riser 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A via either the upper insertion route R1 or the lower insertion route R2, and the lowermost riser 18A is inserted in the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A so that it is in an inclined position. When passing through the upper insertion path R1, as shown in FIG. Place the riser board 18A horizontally so that the decorative surface (the front surface when the stairs S is constructed) faces upward, and insert it toward the front. The plate 18A is rotated around the left and right axis to take a backward tilted position in which the upper part is shifted rearward than the lower part, and the upper end is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A that communicates with the lowermost step board insertion groove 4A. Insert from the top end.

When the entire riser 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A in this way, the riser 18A is moved forward within the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A as shown in FIG. . Thereafter, the lowermost step board 15A is inserted into the lowermost step board insertion groove 4A from the rear open end 5 to the front side. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the lowermost riser 18A is further rotated from the backward tilted position to the upright position within the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A, and the riser is The upper end of the plate 18A is engaged with the engagement groove 16 on the lower surface of the lowermost stepboard 15A that has been inserted into the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A. When the lowest tread 15A is inserted to the front end of the lowest tread insertion groove 4A, the tread 15A and the lowest riser 18A are perpendicular to each other, and the lowest riser 18A stands up. It comes into contact with the riser fixing portion 9 (front groove side surface) of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A. After that, a wedge member is driven between the lower groove side surface 4a of the lowest step board insertion groove 4A and the lower surface of the step board 15A to fix the step board 15A so that the top surface is horizontal, and the bottom step board 18A is It is fixed to the riser board fixing part 9 of the lowest riser board insertion groove 8A by diagonally driving a nail or the like. With the above steps, the basic construction of the stairs S is completed. Note that detailed construction such as attachment of the step nosing member 20 is the same as that for ordinary stairs, and will therefore be omitted.

On the other hand, regarding the second method, first the lowermost step board 15A is inserted into the lowermost step board insertion groove 4A from the rear open end 5 to the front side. If the tread board 15A is inserted into the bottom step board insertion groove 4A in this way, the bottom step riser 18A cannot be inserted via the upper insertion path R1, so the bottom step board 18A cannot be inserted via the lower insertion path R2. Insert the lower riser board into the insertion groove 8A so that it is in an inclined position. When passing through this lower insertion path R2, as shown in FIG. The board is placed in a forward leaning position, and is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A upward from the lower open end 10 while maintaining the forward leaning position.

When the entire riser board 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A, then as shown in FIG. The upper end of the riser 18A is engaged with the engagement groove 16 on the lower surface of the lowermost tread 15A while rotating from the forward leaning position about the left and right axis to stand up to the standing position. When the lowest tread 15A is inserted to the front end of the lowest tread insertion groove 4A, the tread 15A and the lowest riser 18A are perpendicular to each other, and the lowest riser 18A stands up. It comes into contact with the riser fixing part 9 on the front side of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A. After that, in the same manner as the first method, a wedge member is driven between the lower groove side surface 4a of the lowest step board insertion groove 4A and the lower surface of the step board 15A, and the step board 15A is fixed so that the top surface is horizontal. The lowermost riser 18A is fixed to the riser fixing portion 9 of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A by diagonally driving a nail or the like. With the above steps, the basic construction of the stairs S is completed.

By the construction method described above, the lowermost riser board 18A can be easily attached to the side panels 1, 1 together with the lowermost stepboard 15A.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the lowermost riser insertion grooves 8A, 8A formed on the opposing surfaces of the left and right side plates 1, 1 of the stairs S are wide grooves, and the groove width is The width of the groove is such that the lowest riser 18A in the insertion groove 8A can form an inclined posture (backward inclined posture or forward inclined posture) with respect to the vertical plane. Therefore, compared to a normal riser insertion groove 8 which has a groove width that allows the riser 18 to be inserted by sliding it upward, the lowermost riser 18A can be inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A. The degree of freedom in the posture obtained is expanded, and the lowermost riser 18A can be inserted not only at its lower open end 10 into the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 8A, but also by adding the upper side via the lowest stepboard insertion groove 4A. , can be inserted from both the top and bottom.

As described above, when inserting the lowermost riser 18A from above, the lowermost riser 18A is inserted through the upper insertion path R1, and is inserted from the rear open end 5 of the lowest step insertion groove 4A to the farthest end. It enters the lower step board insertion groove 4A, and while taking a backward leaning position, is inserted through the upper end into the lowermost step riser board insertion groove 8A communicating with the lower step step board insertion groove 4A. On the other hand, when inserting the lowermost riser 18A from below, the lowermost riser 18A is inserted from the lower open end 10 of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A while leaning forward. It is inserted into the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A. Therefore, since the lowermost riser 18A is inserted into the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A in the backward or forward tilted position, it is smoothly inserted without interfering with the floor surface F.

In this way, the lowest riser board 18A can be inserted into the lowest riser board insertion groove 8A from both the top and bottom sides, so the construction procedure can be selected according to the needs of the construction site, and there is a wide range of construction methods. It is possible to facilitate the

Further, the lowermost riser plate insertion groove 8A only needs to be formed wide in the side plate 1, and its structure is simple and processing is easy.

In particular, the lowermost riser board insertion groove 8A is a wide straight groove in which the rear groove side surface extends vertically in parallel with the front groove side surface. It is sufficient to form an extending wide straight groove, and the structure is simple and processing becomes extremely easy.

In addition, since the groove depth d2 of the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A is shallower than the groove depth d1 of the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A, the lowest stepboard 15A inserted into the lowermost stepboard insertion groove 4A is It can be received even in the part where the groove depth d2 of the lower riser board insertion groove 8A is shallow, that is, the step part due to the difference in groove depths d1 and d2, and the support strength of the lowest step board 15A is ensured greatly. be able to.

(Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A is a wide straight groove in which the rear groove side surface extends vertically in parallel with the front groove side surface. The side surface may be an inclined surface that slopes downward and rearward. In short, the lowermost riser insertion groove 8A may be a wide groove having a groove width that allows the lowermost riser 18A to form an inclined posture with respect to the vertical plane. However, in terms of facilitating groove machining, it is preferable that the lowermost riser plate insertion groove 8A be a wide straight groove as in the embodiment.

Further, in the above embodiment, the groove depth d2 of the lowest step riser insertion groove 8A is made shallower than the groove depth d1 of the lowest step board insertion groove 4A, but it is not possible to specify the depth in this way. Not required. However, in terms of ensuring the support strength of the lowest step board 15A in the lowest step board insertion groove 4A, the groove depth d2 of the lowest step riser board insertion groove 8A is equal to the groove depth of the lowest step board insertion groove 4A. It is preferable to make it shallower than d1.

The present invention is extremely useful and has industrial applicability, since the lowest riser board can be inserted into the lowest riser board insertion groove from both the upper and lower sides, and the construction procedure can be selected according to the needs of the construction site. is high.

S Stairs F Floor 1 Side plate 4 Tread insertion groove 4A Bottom tread insertion groove 5 Rear open end d1 Groove depth 8 Riser insertion groove 8A Bottom riser insertion groove 9 Riser fixing part 10 Lower side Open end d2 Groove depth 15 Step board 15A Bottom step board 16 Engagement groove 18 Riser board 18A Bottom step board R1 Upper insertion path R2 Lower insertion path 22 Crosspiece

Claims (5)

It is equipped with left and right side plates that are arranged diagonally upward at the rear with a space left and right from each other with their lower end surfaces in contact with the floor surface.
On the opposing surfaces of the left and right side plates, there is a tread insertion groove extending along the front and rear horizontal direction for inserting a tread having an engagement groove at the left and right ends in the front part of the lower surface, and a tread insertion groove extending in the front and rear horizontal direction for inserting a tread having an engagement groove in the front part of the lower surface. Continuous riser board insertion grooves extending along the vertical direction for inserting the riser board at the left and right ends are formed in multiple stages, respectively,
In the staircase, the upper end of the riser inserted in the riser insertion groove is engaged with the engagement groove of the tread inserted in the tread insertion groove,
The lowest step board insertion groove into which the lowest step board is inserted has a rear open end portion that is open to the rear end surface of the side plate;
The bottom step riser insertion groove into which the bottom step riser is inserted extends from the bottom step board insertion groove to the rear end of the lower end surface or the lower end of the rear end surface of the side plate so that the upper end communicates with the bottom step board insertion groove. having a lower open end that is cut out to the rear end of the lower end face of the side plate or the lower end of the rear end face of the side plate;
The lowermost riser insertion groove is formed from a wide groove having a groove width that allows the lowermost riser to form an inclined posture with respect to a vertical plane within the lowermost riser insertion groove. Become,
A riser fixing part for fixing the lowermost riser is provided on the front side groove side of the lowermost riser insertion groove,
The bottom step riser is inserted into the bottom step board insertion groove from the rear open end of the bottom step board insertion groove to the bottom step board insertion groove, and the upper end thereof is inserted into the bottom step board insertion groove. an upper insertion path leading to the lowest riser insertion groove communicating with the lowermost riser insertion groove; and a lower insertion path leading from the lower open end of the lowermost riser insertion groove to the lowermost riser insertion groove. A staircase characterized in that it can be inserted while being in the above-mentioned inclined position by both. In the staircase of claim 1,
A staircase characterized in that the bottom riser insertion groove is a wide straight groove whose rear groove side surface extends vertically in parallel with the front groove side surface. In the staircase according to claim 1 or 2,
A staircase characterized in that the bottom riser insertion groove has a groove depth shallower than the bottom tread insertion groove. A method for constructing a staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
The lowest riser is inserted into the lowest riser insertion groove via either the upper insertion route or the lower insertion route, and the lowermost riser is tilted within the lowest riser insertion groove. Insert it so that it is in the correct position,
Next, insert the lowest step board into the lowest step board insertion groove from the rear open end to the front side,
While raising the lowermost riser from the inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove, engaging the upper end of the lowermost riser with the engagement groove of the lowermost step;
A method for constructing stairs, characterized in that the lowermost riser is then fixed to a riser fixing portion of the lowermost riser insertion groove. A method for constructing a staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
Insert the bottom tread into the bottom tread insertion groove from the rear open end to the front.
Next, insert the lowermost riser into the lowermost riser insertion groove via the lower insertion path so that the lowermost riser is in an inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove. Insert it into
While raising the lowermost riser from the inclined position within the lowermost riser insertion groove, engaging the upper end of the lowermost riser with the engagement groove of the lowermost step;
A method for constructing stairs, characterized in that the lowermost riser is then fixed to a riser fixing portion of the lowermost riser insertion groove.

Images