JP7389611B2 - Time-series data collection/analysis support system and program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention generally relates to a system and the like for supporting the collection and analysis of time series data, and more particularly to a system and the like for supporting the collection and analysis of time series data having time information.

Conventionally, in plants such as power plants, time-series sensing information such as logging data, process data, and event data is collected every second from each device installed in the plant and manufacturing equipment in the factory via sensors. Plant maintenance has been attempted by evaluating and analyzing these factors.

At plants, it is said that tens of thousands of pieces of operational data are collected every second at each site. If all operational data measured within a plant were collected and stored as is in storage on a server, several gigabytes of data would be accumulated in the storage every day, so efforts were made to efficiently compress this data. (Patent Document 1).

Furthermore, the following method has been proposed as a tool for monitoring and diagnosing the operating status of a generator (Patent Document 2).

That is, according to Patent Document 2, a computer-implemented method for evaluating the operation of a generator includes diagnostic data including a series of data observed by a first sensor in the generator over a certain period of time. acquiring from a first sensor; evaluating, by a computer system, the diagnostic data to determine whether an anomaly is present when the diagnostic data is acquired; providing a fault code indicative of the nature of the error in the generator that caused the anomaly based on a determination that a fault exists.

On the other hand, methods for high-precision position reference measurements indoors have also been proposed; for example, a method and apparatus for generating practical high-precision indoor positioning results based on GPS technology has been proposed (Patent Document 3).

That is, according to US Pat. No. 5,000,303, a method in a mobile communication network for providing highly accurate location-based measurements at indoor locations, the method being performed at one or more network nodes, the method comprises: , providing a list of a plurality of locations accessible to a mobile user equipment; requesting a high-precision positioning from the mobile user equipment; and obtaining a high-precision positioning result and determining whether the high-precision positioning fails. and storing an information entity received from the mobile user equipment that includes a location from the list of locations and at least one of a timestamp or an ID of the mobile user equipment. , providing said information entity to other network nodes.

WO2011/135606 JP2012-075308A Special Publication No. 2009-525483

However, conventionally, when collecting time-series data from sensors installed in equipment and equipment in plants such as power plants, a certain degree of synchronization of the time-series data sent from various locations is required (or is necessary). (For example, it cannot be evaluated as an event occurring in equipment, equipment, or the entire plant.) On the other hand, when implementing the positioning technology described in Patent Document 3 (for example, logging the positioning time) for each sensor in order to improve synchronization, the reliability of positioning of all sensors is The hurdle to realizing this will be high from a cost perspective.

Furthermore, in recent years, the use of ICT in buildings, known as smart buildings, is progressing. Regarding structures such as buildings, for example, the aging of buildings that have been constructed for many years has become a social problem, and there is a demand from the facility side for the introduction of a system for evaluating the soundness of buildings. In this case, time synchronization between acceleration sensors installed in each part of the building is essential in constructing an earthquake-resistant health system for the building. Here, if the time synchronization source is a GNSS satellite signal, highly accurate time and timing synchronization can be achieved anywhere using the GPS Common View. Securing the conditions is not easy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a time-series data collection and analysis support system that overcomes the problem of trade-off between accuracy (certainty) and cost.

The time series data collection and analysis support system according to the present invention provides time information and location information from an iPNT to an IoT terminal that cannot receive GNSS signals, and collects data transmitted from the IoT terminal as time series data. There is a system that supports analysis of the time-series data, which manages time information and location information from the iPNT, and transmits the management information to a parent terminal among wireless communication terminals synchronized with the system. The iPNT is characterized by providing time information and location information of the iPNT.

Further, time information and location information from the iPNT is given to data received from an IoT terminal that cannot receive GNSS signals, and at least the data to which the time information is given is collected as time series data, and the time series data is A system for supporting analysis, which manages time information and location information from the iPNT, aggregates data from the IoT terminals, and applies the time information and location information of the iPNT to the aggregated data. It is characterized by being engraved.

According to the time-series data collection/analysis support system, etc. according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a time-series data collection/analysis support system, etc. that overcomes the problem of trade-off between accuracy (certainty) and cost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a system configuration concept of a time-series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a system configuration concept of a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of an S2 modulator in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration concept of a signal transmitted from an S2 modulator in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of an S2 demodulator in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a system configuration concept of an iPNT transmitter (IMES-TS transmitter) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a message structure of an iPNT transmitter (in the case of an IMES-TAS transmitter) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a message structure of an iPNT transmitter (in the case of an IMES-TAS transmitter) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the system configuration concept of a receiver (iPNT receiver) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart for explaining the operation flow in the time-series data collection and analysis support system according to one embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the detailed flow of processing in the time-series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the data format of data generated in the time-series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

(Definition of terms)
First, the terms used in this example will be defined.
[iPNT]
iPNT is an abbreviation for "Indoor Position, Navigation, Timing" and uses GNSS compatible signals to broadcast highly accurate time, timing, position coordinates, and message information to indoor spaces to achieve highly accurate time synchronization. Refers to the mechanism.
Specifically, a TAS device that receives GNSS signals in the sky generates a unique time message, and the message is broadcast as a broadcast within a building using a transmission route such as an existing TV co-viewing system. be. Here, an iPNT transmitter is installed at any location where the GPS signal (iPNT signal) is desired to be transmitted, and the iPNT signal (GNSS signal) is transmitted in the same manner as IMESS. The GNSS receiver that receives the iPNT can output a highly accurate synchronization signal (1PPS) by reading the time message as well as the location information and message.
[IMES]
IMES is an abbreviation for "Indoor Messaging System," and the IMES signal is a pseudo signal to complement the GNSS signal.
[IMESS-TS signal]
IMESS-TS is an abbreviation for "Indoor Messaging System - Timing Sync", and the IMESS-TS signal is typically a signal that includes position, time (clock), and timing signal (Timing). .
[IMESS-TAS signal]
IMESS-TAS is an abbreviation for "Indoor Messaging System - Timing Authentication Sync", and the IMESS-TAS signal is the IMESS-TS signal with authentication information added.
[Stamp]
In this embodiment, marking refers to a process of adding time information and authentication information to incoming or received data. The data to which time information and authentication information have been added can be treated as a new data set from now on.

(Basic operation concept of the present invention)
In order to understand the present invention, first, the basic operational concept of the present invention will be explained. A typical scene to which the present invention is applied is to aggregate data from sensors installed in buildings or facilities and transmit it to an analysis server such as a PIMS (operational information management system). A network node such as a gateway (GW) or a hub (Hub) is used as the device for this purpose. In the network node according to an embodiment of the present invention, the following functions are realized.

(1) A function to stamp time (and an authentication key if necessary) on data passing through that network node.
(2) A function to engrave location information indicating the geographical location of the network node in (1) above.
(3) Indoors, using the location information, time information, and timing output from the GNSS terminal that received the iPNT transmitter signal, the time and location at which each data packet was generated (and if necessary A function to store authentication keys).
(4) A function that stamps the position and time (and authentication key if necessary) using the output from the GNSS receiver that receives the transmission from the iPNT.
(5) Provision of authentication service using location and time Authentication service (for example, TOTP described below) for proving "when" and "where" can be provided. In cloud services, e-commerce services, etc., in addition to user authentication to prove "who", it is possible to control constraints on "when" and "where". By using such an authentication service, it can function advantageously as a geofence for cloud services, for example.

In addition, when constructing a seismic health system for a building, it is necessary to synchronize acceleration sensors installed in different locations and transmit the data to an analysis server etc. in order to analyze the synchronized data. The present invention is configured to achieve this.
In addition to acceleration sensors, the present invention also envisions collecting and transmitting IoT sensor data around equipment. Such data often does not include time data (time information) at the time of sensing, and even if time data (time information) is included, the time standard is not unified. Therefore, for example, when data from different types of sensors are combined and analyzed, it is necessary to unify the time, and the present invention is configured to achieve this.

In general, with respect to IoT data collected from IoT sensors, ensuring quality from a security perspective, such as the soundness and authenticity of the data, is an issue. The reason for this is that many IoT sensors are not structurally or mechanically rich, and it is not easy to implement encryption technology similar to that used in information terminal devices such as PCs and smartphones.

Hereinafter, the time-series data collection/analysis support system and the like according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the system configuration of a time-series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a time series data collection/analysis support system 100 in a broad sense includes an iPNT transmitter 101, an iPNT receiver 110, an IoT gateway (GW) 120, a vibration sensor 131, an IoT sensor 132, and an LPWA (Low Power, Wide Area) It includes communication devices 141a and 141b, BT (Bluetooth: registered trademark) communication devices 142a and 142b, WiFi devices 143a and 143b, and IoT sensors 151 to 153. 141a, 142a, and 143a are parent terminals, and 141b, 142b, and 143b are child terminals for each of them.
Furthermore, the IoT gateway (GW) 120 is an IoT device or an IoT terminal, and the IoT sensors such as the vibration sensor 131 and the IoT sensor 132 are IoT terminals or IoT devices. In this regard, the IoT gateway (GW) 120 and the IoT sensors such as the vibration sensor 131 and the IoT sensor 132 both have the property of functioning as an IoT terminal.

In one embodiment, the LPWA communication device 141a, the BT communication device 142a, and the WiFi device 143a are each synchronized (synchronized in time, timing, etc.) with the IoT gateway (GW) 120.

In one embodiment, the iPNT receiver 110 and the IoT gateway (GW) 120 constitute a time series data collection/analysis support system 100b in a narrow sense according to an embodiment of the present invention (in this case, the iPNT receiver 110 is also included). It is said to be Golden Week). Note that, as shown in the figure, in one embodiment, the data transmitted from the iPNT receiver 110 to the IoT gateway (GW) 120 includes (1) GPS time, (2) location information and/or authentication information, and (3) ) PPS (high-precision motive signal), and (4) 10 MHz reference signal.
Furthermore, in other embodiments of the present invention, it is realized as a time synchronization system including the time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention (described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6). .

The vibration sensor 131 in FIG. 1 measures displacement (unit: m), velocity (unit: m/s), and acceleration (unit: m/s) of an individual in order to measure linear vibration, bending vibration, or torsional vibration. This is a known sensor that measures ² ). The measurement methods used include capacitance, eddy current, laser Doppler, and electromagnetic methods.

Although the IoT sensor 132 is typically an acceleration sensor or a temperature sensor, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various sensors such as a photoelectric sensor, a proximity sensor, a flow rate sensor, a current sensor, a humidity sensor, a proximity sensor, etc. can be employed.
The same applies to the IoT sensors 151 to 153 wirelessly connected to the IoT gateway 120.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless connection form between the IoT gateway 120 and the IoT sensors 151 to 153 includes LPWA communication devices 141a and 141b, BT communication devices 142a and 142b, and WiFi communication devices. 143a, 143b, etc., various connection forms can be adopted. Further, in one embodiment, wireless communication base devices such as the LPWA communication device 141a, the BT communication device 142a, and the WiFi device 143a are each synchronized with the IoT gateway (GW) 120 in terms of time, timing, etc.

In one embodiment of the present invention, each sensor (131-132, 151-153) transmits timeless data. The timing of these data transmissions varies and is not synchronized. In one embodiment of the present invention, various data sent from each sensor is aggregated in the IoT GW 120, and stamped with time information and the like for each predetermined time unit.

Therefore, in FIG. 1, data output from the IoT gateway 120 (details of which will be described later) include, in one embodiment, a "sensor data packet", "time received at IoT GW", and "position received at IoT GW". and, if necessary, further include the "authentication code received at IoT GW".

In one embodiment of the invention, the output data from IoT gateway 120 is modulated or converted as necessary and sent to analysis server 170 via network 160. In the analysis server 170, the transmitted output data is classified by each ID and type and stored in a database (DB) not shown. Then, in the storage analysis server 170, the data group is read out from the DB and processed as necessary (at this time, the read data has been rectified in time). In one embodiment, the data group rectified based on time is used by the seismic monitor application 171, the smart building management application 172, and other applications 173 (cut out and processed as necessary, and (visually presented).

Here, the analysis server 170, the seismic monitor application 171, the smart building management application 172, and other applications 173 constitute an analysis system.

Additionally, in one embodiment, the analysis server 170 provides information services to other servers, terminals, etc. via the Internet line 199.

(Example of analysis system)
In one embodiment of the present invention, the analysis system may employ OSIsoft's PI System. PI System is a PIMS (operational information management system) that visualizes and shares information necessary for operational performance management of equipment (production results, quality information, equipment utilization rate, etc.) in real time.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the analysis system can provide real-time, time-series, and predictive information to users and systems across multiple industries (oil and gas, power, mining, manufacturing, etc.), by way of example. , collect, analyze, visualize, and share reliable time-series data from multiple data sources.

Analytics servers can also work with a wide variety of interfaces to collect frequently used data (both time-series and event-based) from multiple systems or sources, with different formats, standards, or naming conventions. . The information collected is combined, compared, and meaningfully transformed into a unified structure.

These data are accessible in real time and can be visualized and presented to the user. In one embodiment, devices that realize visualization are not limited to PCs and laptops, but also broadly include portable information terminals such as tablets and smartphones. Users can make quick decisions based on the visualized data presented.

FIG. 2 shows a system configuration of a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention can also be positioned as a subsystem in the time synchronization system shown in FIG. In this case, in FIG. 2, the S3 transmitter 220 corresponds to the iPNT transmitter 101 in FIG. 1, and the base station 300-1 corresponds to the iPNT-compatible GNSS receiver 110 in FIG.

The time synchronization system shown in FIG. 2 is also a mobile communication system that includes a "time synchronization system", and this system has a hierarchical structure of processing and functions as shown in FIG. is a feature. Each layer of processing and functions here is called a "segment." As shown in FIG. 2, the process and function of acquiring necessary information from GNSS signals etc. will be referred to as "segment 1" or "S1". Further, the processing and function for transmitting information necessary for generating the IMES-TAS signal or the IMES-TS signal will be referred to as "segment 2" or "S2". Furthermore, processing and functions related to generation and transmission of the IMES-TAS signal or IMES-TS signal will be referred to as "segment 3" or "S3".

In the following description, descriptions such as "S1", "S2", "S3", etc. may be added to indicate which segment the function belongs to.

(Relationship between the system shown in Figure 1 and the system shown in Figure 2)
Although the system shown in FIG. 1 is one of the best forms of the time-series data collection and analysis support system according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited thereto. The system shown in FIG. 2 is an example of a system configuration that is the origin of the idea for the system configuration shown in FIG. The system shown in FIG. 2 includes the functions of the system shown in FIG. It's not fixed.
In order to understand the present invention, based on the system shown in FIG. 2, the functions of individual modules in an embodiment of the present invention will be explained below while clarifying the correspondence with the modules in the system shown in FIG. explain.

For convenience of the present invention, the reference numerals in FIG. 1 are unique to FIG. 1, and are basically different from the reference numerals in FIG. 2 and subsequent figures to which the same reference numerals are assigned. On the other hand, the same reference numerals in and after FIG. 2 basically refer to the same thing.

In FIG. 2, the reference unit 100 includes a GNSS receiver 110 for processing GNSS signals received via a GNSS antenna 102 and an S2 modulator 120 for generating a transmission RF signal for generating an IMES-TAS signal. (S2TX). Although FIG. 2 shows a configuration example in which the GNSS receiver 110 and the S2 modulator 120 are implemented within the reference unit 100, the present invention is not limited to this, and each device is implemented independently. You may. In an embodiment of the present invention, the reference unit 100 acquires information that serves as a reference for time synchronization based on a GNSS signal, but the information that serves as a reference for time synchronization is not limited to the GNSS signal but may also be obtained from other information. May be used.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, a secret key for the reference unit 100 to generate the authentication code may be configured to be provided to the transmitting unit 200. In this case, the reference unit 100 may be configured to receive a secret key issued by any authentication server 108 and send a transmission RF signal containing the secret key to the transmitting unit 200. Further, the authentication server 108 and the reference unit 100 may be configured to be able to communicate via a network 109 such as the Internet or a private network.

In an embodiment of the invention, the sending unit 200 may generate the authentication code based on the time information provided by the reference unit 100. That is, the authentication code corresponds to a message of a predetermined length calculated based on time information acquired by the GNSS receiver 110 functioning as a reference time acquisition unit. As such an authentication code, for example, a one-time password (TOTP: Time-Based One-Time Password) that depends on the current value of time can be used. Hereinafter, the authentication code will also be referred to as "TOTP". By transmitting such TOTP in combination with location and time information, location authentication can be achieved.

The transmission unit 200 also includes an S2 demodulator 210 (S2RX) that demodulates the transmission RF signal transmitted from the S2 modulator 120, and an S3 transmitter 220 (S2RX) that generates an IMES-TAS signal from the demodulation result of the S2 demodulator 210. S3TX). Although FIG. 2 shows a configuration example in which the S2 demodulator 210 and the S3 transmitter 220 are mounted within the transmission unit 200, each device may be mounted independently.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the time synchronization system shown in FIG. 2 can provide at least the following services.
(1) Provision of indoor positioning services Even indoors where GNSS signals from GNSS (GPS, Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc.) cannot be received, positioning services and layers that are compatible with GNSS are provided. Can provide information.

(2) Providing time information synchronized with GNSS It is possible to provide year, month, day, hour, minute, and second information synchronized with GNSS. Leap years and leap seconds are also taken into account.

(3) Providing a timing source synchronized with GNSS A timing signal (eg, 1 second pulse signal/1 PPS signal) synchronized with GNSS (GPS, QZSS, etc.) can be provided.

(4) Providing a frequency source synchronized with GNSS A frequency source (clock) that can be used for comparison calibration with GNSS (GPS, QZSS, etc.) can be provided.

(5) Provision of authentication service using location and time Authentication service (for example, TOTP described below) for proving "when" and "where" can be provided. In cloud services, e-commerce services, etc., in addition to user authentication to prove "who", it is possible to control constraints on "when" and "where". By using such an authentication service, it can function advantageously as a geofence for cloud services, for example.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the circuit configuration of the S2 modulator 120 in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, S2 modulator 120 includes an IF (Intermediate Frequency) signal generation circuit 121, a carrier oscillator 125, and an up-conversion circuit 126.

The IF signal generation circuit 121 processes the input signal from the GNSS receiver 110 and outputs a BPSK-modulated IF signal. The input signal includes time information and telemetry signals. A synchronization word (hereinafter also referred to as a "SYNC word") is added to each set of time information and telemetry signals, which facilitates demodulation processing in the S2 demodulator 210 of the transmission unit 200, as described later. It's starting to become more and more.
As shown in FIG. 3, the IF signal generation circuit 121 includes a modulation circuit 122, a low pass filter (LPF) 123, and a digital analog converter (DAC) 124.

In one embodiment of the invention, the modulation circuit 122 extracts time information and telemetry signals from the information included in the input signal from the GNSS receiver 110 based on the timing signal from the GNSS receiver 110, and After adding the word, NRZ-BPSK modulation is performed to generate a modulated signal. When the IMES-TAS signal includes an authentication code, the authentication code is input to the modulation circuit 122, and a modulated signal containing the authentication code is generated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the band of the signal after NRZ-BPSK modulation is limited by an FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter. For example, the modulation circuit 122 receives an input of a frequency TBD [MHz] corresponding to an empty channel on a transmission path on which a transmission RF signal is superimposed, and outputs a modulation signal having a center frequency of TBD. In one embodiment of the invention, the bit rate of the modulated signal is 1 Mbps. However, the modulation method and bit rate of the modulated signal are not particularly limited to the above-mentioned configuration, and can be appropriately selected according to the required specifications, system configuration, and the like. For example, QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation may be used instead of BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) modulation, and NRZI (Non Return to Zero) modulation may be used instead of NRZ (Non Return to Zero) modulation. You may also use a method such as ``to Zero Inversion''. Along with such a change in modulation method, the bit rate and the like can also be changed as appropriate.

The modulated signal output from the modulation circuit 122 is band-limited by a low-pass filter 123, converted into analog by a digital-to-analog converter 124, and output as an IF signal. Note that the modulation circuit 122 or the modulation circuit 122 and its peripheral circuits may be digitally processed using an FPGA (field-programmable gate array).

In one embodiment of the present invention, upconversion circuit 126 upconverts the IF signal from modulation circuit 122 using a carrier wave (for example, 10 MHz) from carrier oscillator 125 and outputs it as a transmission RF signal. Specifically, upconversion circuit 126 includes a mixer 127, a variable amplifier 128, and a low-pass filter 129. Mixer 127 multiplies the IF signal from modulation circuit 122 by a carrier wave from carrier oscillator 125 . The signal output from mixer 127 passes through variable amplifier 128 and low-pass filter 129, and is output as a transmission RF signal.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of a signal transmitted from the S2 modulator 120 in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, in the S2 modulator 120, transmission RF signals 411 to 413 are generated in synchronization with timing signals (1PPS signals) 401 to 403 that are periodically output. Typically, the start positions of the SYNC words 4111, 4121, 4131 included in each of the transmission RF signals 411-413 are made to coincide with the rising edge (or falling edge) of the timing signals 401-403. By adopting such a configuration, the S2 demodulator 210 of the transmitting unit 200 can reproduce the timing signal in addition to the time information. In other words, the transmission RF signals 411 to 413 include time information 4112, 4122, and 4132 in addition to the SYNC words 4111, 4121, and 4131, and the transmission RF signals including the SYNC word are transmitted at the time when the timing signal is output. It is sent out on the wiring based on the reference value.

By employing the circuit configuration as described above, a transmission RF signal including an input signal from the GNSS receiver 110 can be generated.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the circuit configuration of the S2 demodulator 210 in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment, S2 demodulator 210 demodulates a transmitted RF signal transmitted over a community viewing system and/or CATV network to extract data contained in the transmitted RF signal.

In the time synchronization system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the S2 demodulator 210 transmits the transmitted RF signal depending on the transmission path from the S2 modulator 120 of the reference unit 100 to the S2 demodulator 210 of the transmitting unit 200. It has a function to correct delays (delay correction function). The transmission delay correction amount (correction time) may be a fixed value measured in advance, or may be a variable value that dynamically changes depending on the state of the transmission path.

When assuming an actual joint viewing system and CATV network as a transmission route, the transmission direction of the transmitted RF signal is unidirectional, and the transmitted RF signal occupies the frequency of a specific vacant channel, so it is necessary to measure the frequency in advance. It is sufficient to use a constant transmission delay of However, an automatic delay time correction function as described later may be implemented.

As shown in FIG. 5, the S2 demodulator 210 changes the transmission RF signal received from the S2 modulator 120 into an IF signal, demodulates it into a digital signal, and detects the SYNC word included in the demodulated digital signal. By doing so, demodulated data synchronized with the timing signal (1PPS signal) is output. Specifically, S2 demodulator 210 includes a downconversion circuit 212, a demodulation circuit 214, a carrier oscillator 217, and a system oscillator 218.

The down-conversion circuit 212 down-converts the received transmission RF signal using a carrier wave from the carrier oscillator 217 and outputs it as an IF signal (I component and Q component). The carrier oscillator 217 generates a carrier wave according to a clock obtained by dividing the loop-controlled system clock from the system oscillator 218. Specifically, down-conversion circuit 212 includes a variable amplifier 2121, a mixer 2122, amplifiers 2123 and 2125, and low-pass filters 2124 and 2126.

The transmission RF signal has its amplitude adjusted by a variable amplifier 2121, and is then multiplied by a carrier wave from a carrier oscillator 125 by a mixer 2122, thereby outputting an I component and a Q component as an IF signal. The I component of the transmission RF signal output from mixer 2122 is output to demodulation circuit 214 through amplifier 2123 and low-pass filter 2124. Similarly, the Q component of the transmission RF signal output from mixer 2122 is output to demodulation circuit 214 via amplifier 2125 and low-pass filter 2126.

The demodulation circuit 214 demodulates the IF signal output from the down-conversion circuit 212 and outputs demodulated data. Specifically, the demodulation circuit 214 includes digital-to-analog converters 2141 and 2142, a phase rotator 2143, low-pass filters 2144 and 2145, a mixer 2146, a bit synchronization section 2147, a SYNC detection section 2148, and a data extraction section. section 2149, serial/parallel conversion section 2150, delay correction amount holding section 2151, synchronization adjustment section 2152, phase comparison section 2153, frequency dividers 2154, 2159, loop filters 2156, 2157, and digital-to-analog conversion section 2158 and an amplifier 2160. Note that all or part of the demodulation circuit 214 may be digitally processed using an FPGA.

The I component and Q component from the down-convert circuit 212 are converted into digital signals by digital-to-analog converters 2141 and 2142, respectively, and then output to a phase rotator 2143. The I component and Q component are BPSK demodulated by phase rotator 2143, and the respective demodulation results are output to mixer 2146. Further, the demodulation result of the I component is input to the bit synchronization section 2147 and demodulated into a bit string. The SYNC detection unit 2148 generates a timing signal (1PPS signal) by detecting the SYNC word included in the bit string output from the bit synchronization unit 2147. The timing signal from the SYNC detection section 2148 is output to the synchronization adjustment section 2152. Furthermore, the data extraction unit 2149 extracts data following the SYNC word detected by the SYNC detection unit 2148. Finally, the data extracted by the data extractor 2149 is formatted into a predetermined data format by the serial/parallel converter 2150 and output as demodulated data. The demodulated data is provided to S3 transmitter 220. Note that the serial/parallel converter 2150 can be realized using, for example, a circuit such as a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter).
If the IMES-TAS signal includes a secret code, an interface for securely outputting the secret code included in the demodulation result of the transmitted RF signal may be further implemented.

Mixer 2146 forms part of a loop called a Costas loop, and the output from mixer 2146 is fed back to system oscillator 218 via loop filter 2157 and digital-to-analog converter 2158. The system oscillator 218 is an oscillator that provides a system clock for the demodulation circuit 214, and for example, it is assumed that it generates a clock of 100 MHz, which is a frequency 10 times the carrier wave (for example, 10 MHz) of the transmission RF signal. System oscillator 218 changes its oscillation frequency in response to a feedback signal from digital-to-analog converter 2158. As the system oscillator 218, a voltage controlled crystal oscillator (VCXO) or a temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) may be employed.

The system clock from the system oscillator 218 is frequency-divided to 1/10 by a frequency divider 2159 and reproduced as a carrier wave of the received transmission RF signal. In this way, the carrier wave (10 MHz) of the transmission RF signal is output by demodulating the BPSK modulated signal with the Costas loop and reproducing it with the carrier regeneration loop.

The SYNC detection unit 2148 reproduces the timing signal (1PPS signal) by detecting the SYNC word included in the transmission RF signal. The timing signal from the SYNC detection section 2148 is corrected for transmission delay in the synchronization adjustment section 2152, and then compared in phase with a timing signal (1 Hz) generated inside the demodulation circuit 214 by the system oscillator 218. That is, the timing signal from the synchronization adjustment section 2152 and the timing signal obtained by dividing the system clock by the frequency divider 2154 are input to the phase comparison section 2153. The phase difference detected by the phase comparator 2153 is fed back to the phase rotator 2143 via a loop filter 2156. In other words, by these loop operations, the phase input to the Costas loop is appropriately rotated, and the timing signal (1PPS signal) and the system clock can be synchronized. Then, for example, a timing signal obtained by frequency-dividing the system clock by the frequency divider 2154 is output as a 1PPS signal. At this time, the timing signal (1PPS signal) is outputted before the timing at which the SYNC word included in the transmitted RF signal is detected, taking into account transmission delay. In other words, the timing signal (1PPS signal) is output before the data following the SYNC word is extracted.

As described above, the S2 demodulator 210 is connected to one of the plurality of branches of the wiring, and functions as a demodulator that demodulates the modulated signal (transmission RF signal) propagating on the wiring. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, basically, a plurality of S2 demodulators 210 are installed for one reference unit 100.

The function of correcting the transmission delay of the transmission RF signal (delay correction function) employed in the time synchronization system according to an embodiment of the present invention is mainly realized by the delay correction amount holding section 2151 and the synchronization adjustment section 2152. By setting a pre-measured fixed delay time in the delay correction amount holding unit 2151, the timing signal (1PPS signal) is corrected by the set time, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the transmission RF signal. It can be corrected. More specifically, when the S2 demodulator 210 detects a SYNC word included in a modulated signal (transmission RF signal) propagating on the wiring, it outputs information following the detected SYNC word as demodulated data, and A timing signal (1PPS signal) is output based on a point in time that is a predetermined correction time before the point in time when the SYNC word is detected. By applying such a delay correction function, the output of the timing signal (1PPS signal) and the output of the demodulated data will deviate, but since the 1PPS signal has high periodic accuracy, it is possible to use that periodicity. This does not pose a problem when generating and transmitting the IMES-TAS signal.

The delay correction function of the S2 demodulator 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention synchronizes the transmitted RF signals processed by the transmitting unit 200 connected to the same time synchronization system with an accuracy of ±500 ns (target value). can be maintained in the same state.

By adopting the above configuration, the S2 demodulator 210 connected to the terminal 18 in each home performs demodulation processing and synchronization tracking processing for the transmitted RF signal, and collects information such as location information, time information, frequency signals, etc. Information and a timing signal (1PPS signal) can be output.

FIG. 6 shows a system configuration of an iPNT transmitter (IMES-TS transmitter, S3 transmitter 220) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment of the present invention, IMES-TAS signal generation processing and transmission processing in the S3 transmitter 220 of the transmission unit 200 will be described. S3 transmitter 220 generates and transmits an IMES-TAS signal based on the demodulated data and timing signal from S2 demodulator 210. For example, if the S3 receiver 320 of the base station 300 supports GPS as GNSS, the RF frequency of the IMES-TAS signal is set to 1.57542 GHz. However, the RF frequency may be changed as appropriate depending on the radio wave administrative restrictions at the place where this system is operated. Furthermore, when implementing the system as a system that is compatible with other positioning satellite systems other than GPS, one or more RF frequencies may be adopted depending on the target positioning satellite system.

As shown in FIG. 6, the S3 transmitter 220 includes a digital processing block 221, an EEPROM (Electronically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) 222, an analog processing block 223, an antenna 224, a digital input/output interface 225, and a timing It includes an interface 226, an oscillator 227, an analog processing block 223 electrically connected to the digital processing block 221, and a power supply 228.

The digital processing block 221 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 2212 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 2214. EEPROM 222 , digital input/output interface 225 , timing interface 226 , and oscillator 227 are electrically connected to digital processing block 221 . Further, the antenna 224 is electrically connected to the analog processing block 223.

The EEPROM 222 stores programs executed by the CPU 2212 of the digital processing block 221 and data necessary for generating the IMES signal and the IMES-TAS signal. The program and necessary data stored in EEPROM 222 are read out and transferred to RAM 2214 when S3 transmitter 220 starts up. EEPROM 222 can further store data input from outside S3 transmitter 220. Note that the storage device for storing programs and necessary data is not limited to the EEPROM 222, and may be any storage device that can at least store data in a non-volatile manner.

The digital processing block 221 receives demodulated data (information such as position information, time information, frequency signal, etc.) obtained from the S2 demodulator 210 via the digital input/output interface 225 and from the S2 demodulator 210 via the timing interface 226. The acquired timing signal (1PPS signal) is received to generate data that is the source for generating the IMES signal and the IMES-TAS signal. The digital processing block 221 sends the generated data to the analog processing block 223 as a bit stream.

The oscillator 227 supplies the digital processing block 221 with a clock that defines the operation of the CPU 2212 or a clock for generating a carrier wave.

The analog processing block 223 uses the bit stream output from the digital processing block 221 to generate a transmission signal by modulating it with a carrier wave of 1.57542 GHz, and sends it to the antenna 224. The signal is sent out from antenna 224. In this manner, IMES and IMES-TAS signals are sent out from S3 transmitter 220.

A power supply 228 supplies power to each part of the S3 transmitter 220. Note that the power source 228 may be built into the S3 transmitter 220, as shown in FIG. 6, or may be configured to accept power supply from an external source.

In the above description, the CPU 2212 is used as the arithmetic processing device for realizing the processing in the digital processing block 221, but other arithmetic processing devices may be used. Alternatively, the digital processing block 221 may be configured with an FPGA.

In FIG. 6, the clock (Clk) is supplied from the digital processing block 221 to the analog processing block 223, but it may also be supplied directly from the oscillator 227 to the analog processing block 223.
Further, although the digital processing block 221 and the analog processing block 223 are shown separately in FIG. 6, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be mounted or implemented on one chip. .

FIG. 7 shows a message structure of an iPNT transmitter (IMES-TS transmitter, S3 transmitter 220) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the four message types (MT0, MT1, MT3, MT4) defined as well-known IMES signals, message format 260A (MT7) is also adopted for IMES-TS signals. good. The message shown in FIG. 7 is an example, and any message format may be used as long as it includes information necessary for time synchronization.

In one embodiment of the invention, message format 260A includes GPS Week and TOW (Time Of Week), month, day, hour, minute, and second information compatible with GPSNav messages.

FIG. 8 shows a message structure of an iPNT transmitter (IMES-TAS transmitter, S3 transmitter 220) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the four message types defined as well-known IMES signals, a message format 270 may be adopted as an IMES-TAS signal. The message shown in FIG. 8 is an example, and any message format may be used as long as it includes information necessary for time synchronization.

By introducing the concept of "page" in the message format 270 (MT7) of the IMES-TAS signal shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to transmit more information while maintaining compatibility with existing message formats. It has expanded to That is, for the message format 270, by combining the message type value and the page value, it is possible to send a message with a word count exceeding the existing word count for a message of a specific message type. Although FIG. 8 shows an example in which the message format 270 can include three pages of four-word data, the number of pages is not limited to this and may be expanded to the required number.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a system configuration of a receiver (iPNT receiver) in a time synchronization system including a time series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the IPNT receiver 900 includes a processor 902, a main memory 904, an output section 906, an input section 908, a flash memory 910, and a GNSS module 920 (iPNT compatible GNSS receiver 110 of FIG. ) and a communication port 922 . In one embodiment, the communication ports 922 include a serial port 9221 and an Ethernet port (LAN port) 9222. Further, the flash memory 910 stores, for example, an OS (Operating System) 912, an API (Application Program Interface) group 914, and an application group 916. These elements are connected via an internal bus 924.

The processor 902 implements various functions by loading programs stored in the flash memory 910 into the main memory 904 and executing them. Main memory 904 is realized by volatile memory such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) or SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).

The output unit 906 includes a device that notifies the user of the results obtained by the arithmetic processing performed by the processor 902. For example, the output unit 906 includes a display or an indicator for visually notifying the user of information, and in this case, it is realized using an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display, etc. . Alternatively, the output unit 906 includes a microphone for audibly notifying the user of information.

The input unit 908 is a device that accepts operations from the user, and is realized using, for example, a touch panel, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. arranged on the display surface.

Flash memory 910 is a nonvolatile memory and stores various programs and data. The OS 912 provides an environment for executing various applications in the IPNT receiver 900. The API group 914 is in charge of basic processing necessary for the application group 916 to execute processing. The application group 916 includes various user applications.

GNSS module 920 receives GNSS signals and obtains information included in the received GNSS signals.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart for explaining the operational flow in the time-series data collection and analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 10, sensor 1 and sensor 2 correspond to the vibration sensor 131 and the IoT sensors 132, 151 to 153 in FIG. Although only two sensors are shown in FIG. 10 for convenience of explanation, the present invention is not limited to this and may include three or more sensors.

The gateway in FIG. 10 corresponds to the IoT GW 120 in FIG. 1. Further, the analysis server in the figure corresponds to the analysis server 170 in FIG. 1. Note that the analysis server in FIG. 10 operates in conjunction with applications (corresponding to 171 to 173 in FIG. 1) such as an earthquake-resistant monitor and smart building management (not shown).
Further, in FIG. 10, t1 to t11 indicate a time-series flow, in which operations and processes described later are performed over time.

First, at time t1, raw measurement data is transmitted from the sensor 1 to the gateway (step S1001). As will be described later, raw measurement data is also transmitted from the sensor 1 to the gateway at times t4, t7, and t10 (steps S1006, S1011, and S1016), but these transmission timings are not synchronized ( asynchronous sending).

At time t2, raw measurement data is transmitted from the sensor 2 to the gateway (step S1002). As described later, raw measurement data is also transmitted to the gateway from the sensor 2 at times t5 and t9 (step S1007, step S1015), but these transmission timings are not synchronized (asynchronous transmission).

In FIG. 10, the gateway aggregates the raw measurement data sent from sensor 1 and sensor 2, and periodically/irregularly stamps time information (step S1003, step S1008, step S1012, step S1017). Then, the raw measurement data (group) stamped with time information by the gateway is transmitted to the analysis server as time unit set data (step S1004, step S1009, step S1013, step S1018).
In one embodiment of the present invention, stamping time information means adding time information to each piece of aggregated raw measurement data to form one data set.
Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present invention, each raw measurement data may include position information of each sensor in addition to measurement value data (in this case, each sensor may store its own position information). Alternatively, even if each sensor itself does not store position information, the position information of the gateway can be representatively used to determine the position of each sensor.)

Next, at time t3, the gateway transmits the aggregated raw measurement data (group) stamped with time information to the analysis server as time unit aggregate data (step S1004).

The analysis server that receives the time unit set data in step S1004 stores it in a storage area (not shown) (step S1005). In one embodiment, the stored data is used by an application (not shown) or the like (step S1091).
Here, the data format of data used by applications and the like will be explained with reference to FIG. 12.

FIG. 12 shows an example of the data format of data generated in the time-series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This data format is a data format handled by the analysis server (170 in FIG. 1) in one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12, data 1200 includes time stamp information (time information) 1201 and content data 1202. Timestamp information 1201 is time information stamped on raw measurement data by the gateway. In one embodiment, a data format of year, month, day, hour, minute, and second is employed.

Further, the content data 1202 stores numerical columns (one or more columns) of each raw measurement data. In one embodiment of the present invention, content data 1302 includes data items as shown in the table below.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the above sensor ID, measured value, and sensor position information are required, and sensor position information may be additionally included (in that case, each sensor stores its own position information). are doing).
Alternatively, regarding the position information of the sensors, the position information of the GW may be typically used as the position information of each sensor.

Returning to FIG. 10 and focusing on time information stamping at the gateway (step S1008), the data to be time stamped here are the raw measurement data transmitted from sensor 1 at time t4 and the raw measurement data transmitted from sensor 2 at time t5. This is raw measurement data that has been used for many years. The raw measurement data (group) stamped with time information in the same step is transmitted to the analysis server as time unit set data (step S1009). The analysis server that received the time unit set data in step S1009 stores it in a storage area (not shown) (step S1010). In one embodiment, the stored data is used by an application (not shown) or the like (step S1092, step S1093).

Next, when focusing on the time stamping at the gateway (step S1012), processing different from step S1003 and step S1008 is performed. That is, the raw measurement data aggregated in step S1012 is only the data transmitted from the sensor 1. In this manner, in one embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessary to wait for the arrival of raw measurement data from all sensors at each time stamp timing. Raw measurement data (in this case, data arriving from sensor 2) that does not arrive in time for the predetermined time stamp timing due to individual circumstances (fluctuations in actuation timing) can be discarded.

The raw measurement data (group) stamped with time information in step S1012 is transmitted to the analysis server as time unit set data (step S1013). The analysis server that received the time unit set data in step S1013 stores it in a storage area (not shown) (step S1014). In one embodiment, the stored data is used by an application (not shown) or the like (step S1094).

Next, when focusing on the time stamping at the gateway (step S1017), processing different from step S1003, step S1008, and step S1012 is performed. That is, the raw measurement data aggregated in step S1018 is data transmitted from sensor 1 and sensor 2, but the order in which the data arrive is different from before. In this way, in one embodiment of the present invention, the order in which raw measurement data from all sensors arrive does not necessarily matter.

The raw measurement data (group) stamped with time information in step S1017 is transmitted to the analysis server as time unit set data (step S1018). The analysis server that received the time unit set data in step S1018 stores it in a storage area (not shown) (step S1019). In one embodiment, the stored data is used by an application (not shown) or the like (not shown in FIG. 10).

FIG. 11 shows a detailed flow of processing in the time-series data collection/analysis support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flow shown in FIG. 11 is premised on processing by the time-series data collection and analysis support system shown in FIG.

When the process starts in step S1101 of FIG. 11, the process advances to step S1102, and the iPNT signal is received by the iPNT receiver 110 (step S1102). Next, the process advances to step S1103, and the iPNT receiver 110 generates a tuning signal every 1 PPS (as an example, a clock frequency of 10 MHz). In one embodiment of the invention, the generated signal is continuously processed within the iPNT receiver 110. Also, in one embodiment, this signal may be synchronized with outdoor GNSS.

Next, the process advances to step S1104, and in one embodiment, NMEA message generation processing is performed within the iPNT 110 (NMEA message is a standard defined by the National Marine Electronics Association, and is a standard for receivers and navigation equipment. ). Here, time information can be extracted. Next, the process advances to step S1105, and in one embodiment, NMEA-INPT message generation processing is performed within the iPNT 110 (NMEA-iPNT message is a communication protocol in which information regarding the iPNT is added to the NMEA message). Here, time + location + message information can be extracted.
In one embodiment of the invention, these information are sent to IoT GW 120.

Next, the process advances to step S1106, and the IoT GW 120 collects data from each sensor. An example is steps S1001, S1002, S1006, S1007, S1011, S1015, and S1016 in FIG.
Then, the process advances to step S1107, and time information stamping processing is performed on the data (group) collected by the IoT GW 120. In one embodiment, the time information employed in the marking process here is the data reception time at the IoT GW 120. These marking processes are steps 1003, S1008, S1012, and S1017 in FIG. 10, for example.

Then, the process advances to step S1108, and the stamped data (group) is transmitted from the IoT GW 120 to the analysis server 170. These transmission processes are steps 1004, S1009, S1013, and S1018 in FIG. 10, for example.

As mentioned above, the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described from various aspects with reference to the drawings, but the claims, specifications, abstracts, all technical elements described in the drawings, and , a method, or a processing step can be a component or a configuration step of the system and program according to the present invention in any combination other than a mutually exclusive combination of at least some of these elements and/or steps.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of any of the embodiments described above. Further, the technical scope of the present invention is defined not only by the above description but also by the claims, and substitutions or changes equivalent to the claims may also be made within the scope of the present invention. This is a technical scope.

100 Time series data collection/analysis support system 101 iPNT transmitter 110 iPNT receiver 120 IoT gateway (GW)
131 Vibration sensor 132 IoT sensor 141a, 141b LPW
142a, 142b BT
143a, 143b WiFi
151, 152, 153 IoT sensor 160 Network (dedicated line, local network, Internet, etc.)
170 Analysis server 199 Internet

Claims (4)

There is a system that provides time information from iPNT to IoT terminals that cannot receive GNSS signals, collects data asynchronously transmitted from the IoT terminals as time series data, and supports analysis of the time series data. ,
managing time information from the iPNT;
providing time information of the managed iPNT to a parent terminal among wireless communication terminals synchronized with the system,
The parent terminal aggregates the data asynchronously received from the IoT terminal for each unit time that is a time stamp timing, and stamps the time information from the iPNT at the time stamp timing on the aggregated data. do
A system characterized by: Time information from the iPNT is given to data asynchronously received from an IoT terminal that cannot receive GNSS signals , the data to which the time information is given is collected as time series data, and the time series data is analyzed. A system to support
managing time information from the iPNT;
Aggregating the data asynchronously collected from the IoT terminals for each unit time that is the time stamp timing ,
A system characterized in that the aggregated data is stamped with time information at the time stamp timing from the iPNT. A system that provides time information from iPNT to IoT terminals that cannot receive GNSS signals, collects data asynchronously transmitted from the IoT terminals as time series data, and supports analysis of the time series data. When there is a program that operates and is executed on the system,
managing time information from the iPNT;
causing a parent terminal among wireless communication terminals synchronized with the system to provide time information of the managed iPNT ;
The parent terminal aggregates the data asynchronously received from the IoT terminal for each unit time that is a time stamp timing, and stamps the time information from the iPNT at the time stamp timing on the aggregated data. step and
A program characterized by executing. Time information from the iPNT is given to data asynchronously received from an IoT terminal that cannot receive GNSS signals , the data to which the time information is given is collected as time series data, and the time series data is analyzed. A program that runs on a system to support, when executed on the system,
managing time information from the iPNT;
a step of aggregating the data asynchronously collected from the IoT terminals for each unit time that is a time stamp timing ;
A program characterized in that the program executes the step of stamping time information from the iPNT at the time stamp timing on the aggregated data.