JP7382256B2 - Foundation drainage structure - Google Patents
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- JP7382256B2 JP7382256B2 JP2020034207A JP2020034207A JP7382256B2 JP 7382256 B2 JP7382256 B2 JP 7382256B2 JP 2020034207 A JP2020034207 A JP 2020034207A JP 2020034207 A JP2020034207 A JP 2020034207A JP 7382256 B2 JP7382256 B2 JP 7382256B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000025508 response to water Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、土台水切構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a foundation drainage structure.
下記特許文献１には、土台水切に関する発明が開示されている。具体的には、土台水切は、建物の外壁の下端部に設けられており、基礎上の土台に設けられている床下通気口と外壁に設けられている外壁通気口とを建物外方側から通気可能に覆う構成とされている。土台水切の内部には、基礎の外部の水位が上昇すると、浮力により床下通気口と外壁通気口とを外部から塞ぐように作動する止水弁を有しており、これによって水害時に建物内への浸水を抑制する。 Patent Document 1 below discloses an invention related to a foundation drainer. Specifically, the foundation drain is installed at the lower end of the outer wall of the building, and connects the underfloor vent provided in the foundation above the foundation and the outer wall vent provided in the outer wall from the outside of the building. It has a structure that allows ventilation. The inside of the foundation drainer has a water stop valve that operates to close off the underfloor vents and exterior wall vents from the outside when the water level outside the foundation rises due to buoyancy. control flooding.
ところで、上記先行技術による場合、止水弁自体に湿気を排出するための複数の開口が形成されている。したがって、水位が上昇した際に水が開口を通ってしまうことで、止水弁を作動させるための浮力が十分に作用しない可能性がある。また、仮に止水弁が水圧を受けて作動しても、水の揺らぎの影響を受けて止水弁が水密性を低下する方向に作動する可能性がある。したがって、上記先行技術はこの点で改良の余地がある。 By the way, in the case of the above-mentioned prior art, a plurality of openings for discharging moisture are formed in the water stop valve itself. Therefore, if water passes through the opening when the water level rises, there is a possibility that the buoyancy for operating the water stop valve will not be sufficient. Furthermore, even if the water stop valve operates in response to water pressure, there is a possibility that the water stop valve may operate in a direction that reduces watertightness due to the influence of water fluctuations. Therefore, the above prior art has room for improvement in this respect.
本発明は上記事実を考慮し、水害時の建物内部への浸水を効果的に抑制することができる土台水切構造を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned facts, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a foundation drainage structure that can effectively suppress water intrusion into the interior of a building during flood damage.
第１の態様に係る土台水切構造は、建物の基礎外周部と外壁パネルとの間に形成される空間を建物外方側から覆うように前記基礎に取り付けられかつ前記基礎の内外を連通する床下通気口が形成された土台水切と、前記土台水切における前記床下通気口に対応した部位に取り付けられていると共に、比重が水より軽い材料により構成された本体部を含んで構成されており、前記床下通気口を建物下方側から閉塞可能とされている閉塞部と、前記閉塞部に取り付けられていると共に、前記閉塞部における前記土台水切に取り付けられた部位を挟んで前記閉塞部と反対側に配置されており、比重が水より重い材料により構成されている錘部と、を有している。 The foundation drainage structure according to the first aspect is an underfloor structure that is attached to the foundation so as to cover the space formed between the outer periphery of the foundation of the building and the outer wall panel from the outside of the building, and that communicates between the inside and outside of the foundation. The base drainer is configured to include a base drainer in which a vent is formed, and a main body portion that is attached to a portion of the base drainer that corresponds to the underfloor vent hole, and is made of a material having a specific gravity lighter than water; a blocking part that is capable of blocking the underfloor vent from the lower side of the building; and a part attached to the blocking part and on the opposite side of the blocking part across a part of the blocking part that is attached to the foundation drainer. and a weight portion made of a material having a specific gravity heavier than water.
第２の態様に係る土台水切構造は、第１の態様に係る発明において、前記錘部は、前記閉塞部における前記土台水切に取り付けられた部位に対して屋外側に配置されていると共に、屋外側が前記土台水切と略同一部材により構成され、前記外壁パネルの面直方向視にて前記閉塞部の建物下方側の端部と一部が重なるように形成されている。 In the foundation drainage structure according to a second aspect, in the invention according to the first aspect, the weight part is arranged outdoors with respect to a part of the closing part attached to the foundation drainage, and The side is made of substantially the same member as the foundation flashing, and is formed so as to partially overlap the end of the closing portion on the lower side of the building when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the outer wall panel.
第３の態様に係る土台水切構造は、第１又は第２の態様に係る発明において、前記閉塞部における前記錘部と反対側の端部には、外部から付着した水分を介して前記土台水切の建物下方側面に張り付き可能とされたフィルム状の張付部が設けられている。 In the foundation drainage structure according to a third aspect, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the foundation drainage structure is provided such that the foundation drainage structure is provided at an end of the closing portion opposite to the weight portion through moisture adhering from the outside. A film-like attachment part that can be attached to the lower side of the building is provided.
第１の態様によれば、土台水切は、建物の基礎と外壁パネルとの間に形成される空間を建物外方側から覆うように基礎に取り付けられていると共に、基礎の内側と外側とを連通する床下通気口が形成されている。土台水切における基礎の外側に回動可能に取り付けられかつ床下通気口に対応した部位には、閉塞部が設けられており、この閉塞部は比重が水より軽い材料により構成された浮体を含んで構成されかつ浮体の浮力により床下通気口を建物下方側から閉塞可能とされている。したがって、基礎の外側の水位が上昇すると、この水位上昇による浮力により閉塞部が床下通気口を閉塞することができる。また、閉塞部における土台水切に取り付けられた部位を挟んで閉塞部と離間する側には、錘部が取り付けられており、この錘部は、比重が水より重い材料により構成されている。したがって、基礎の外側の水位が上昇すると、錘部を持ち上げる方向ではなく浮体が浮力を受ける方向にのみ閉塞部が回動することから、閉塞部の回動方向を規制することができる。つまり、水の揺らぎの影響を受けて閉塞部が頻繁に回動して床下通気口の閉塞状態が解除されるのを抑制することができる。 According to the first aspect, the foundation flashing is attached to the foundation so as to cover the space formed between the foundation of the building and the exterior wall panel from the outside of the building, and connects the inside and outside of the foundation. A communicating underfloor vent is formed. A blockage part is provided in a part of the foundation drain that is rotatably attached to the outside of the foundation and corresponds to the underfloor vent, and this blockage part includes a floating body made of a material whose specific gravity is lighter than water. The buoyancy of the floating body allows the underfloor vents to be closed from the bottom of the building. Therefore, when the water level outside the foundation rises, the buoyancy caused by this rise in water level allows the blocking portion to block the underfloor vent. Further, a weight part is attached to the side of the blocking part that is separated from the blocking part across the part attached to the base drainer, and this weight part is made of a material whose specific gravity is heavier than water. Therefore, when the water level outside the foundation rises, the closing section rotates only in the direction in which the floating body receives buoyancy, not in the direction of lifting the weight, so that the direction of rotation of the closing section can be regulated. In other words, it is possible to prevent the underfloor vent from being unblocked due to frequent rotation of the blocking section due to the influence of water fluctuations.
第２の態様によれば、錘部は、閉塞部における土台水切に取り付けられた部位に対して屋外側に配置されていると共に、外壁パネルの面直方向視にて閉塞部の建物下方側の端部と重なるように形成されている。つまり、建物外部から視認した際に閉塞部が隠れて錘部のみが視認される。さらに、錘部の屋外側は、土台水切と略同一部材により構成されていることから、錘部と土台水切とが連続的な外観となる。したがって、外観意匠性を向上させることができる。 According to the second aspect, the weight part is disposed on the outdoor side with respect to the part attached to the foundation flashing in the closed part, and is located on the lower side of the building in the closed part when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the external wall panel. It is formed so as to overlap the end. In other words, when viewed from outside the building, the closed portion is hidden and only the weight portion is visible. Furthermore, since the outdoor side of the weight part is made of substantially the same member as the base drainer, the weight part and the base drainer have a continuous appearance. Therefore, the appearance design can be improved.
第３の態様によれば、閉塞部における錘部と反対側の端部には、張付部が設けられている。この張付部は、フィルム状に形成されかつ土台水切と当接可能とされている。したがって、基礎の外側の水位が上昇する際に張付部に水が付着すると、閉塞部が浮力により床下通気口を閉塞する時に、張付部が土台水切に張り付く。つまり、基礎の外側の水が床下通気口から建物内部へ浸入するのを張付部により一層確実に抑制することができる。 According to the third aspect, the sticking part is provided at the end of the closing part on the opposite side to the weight part. This attachment part is formed in a film shape and can come into contact with the base draining. Therefore, if water adheres to the sticking part when the water level outside the foundation rises, the sticking part will stick to the foundation drain when the blocking part closes the underfloor vent due to buoyancy. In other words, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from outside the foundation from infiltrating into the building through the underfloor vents by the attached portion.
以上説明したように、本発明に係る土台水切構造は、水害時の建物内部への浸水を効果的に抑制することができるという優れた効果を有する。 As explained above, the foundation drainage structure according to the present invention has an excellent effect of effectively suppressing water intrusion into the inside of a building during flood damage.
（第１実施形態）
以下、図１～図５を用いて、本発明に係る土台水切構造の第１実施形態について説明する。
(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a foundation drainage structure according to the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 5.
図１に示されるように、土台水切構造１０が適用された建物１１は、地盤に設けられた基礎１２と、基礎１２の上方に設けられた図示しない躯体フレームと、躯体フレームに取り付けられた外壁パネル１６と、を含んで構成されている。この基礎１２は、地盤を所定深さ掘削したところに打設されている図示しないフーチングと、フーチングの長手方向に沿って建物上下方向で上方に延出された基礎立ち上がり部１２Ａとを含んで構成されている。このフーチング及び基礎立ち上がり部１２Ａを建物外周に沿って帯状に連続配置することにより、建物１１の下部構造即ち基礎１２が形成されるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a building 11 to which the foundation drainage structure 10 is applied includes a foundation 12 provided in the ground, a framework frame (not shown) provided above the foundation 12, and an outer wall attached to the framework frame. The panel 16 is configured to include a panel 16. This foundation 12 includes a footing (not shown) that is cast in a place where the ground is excavated to a predetermined depth, and a foundation rising part 12A that extends upward in the vertical direction of the building along the longitudinal direction of the footing. has been done. The lower structure of the building 11, that is, the foundation 12, is formed by continuously arranging the footing and the foundation rising portion 12A in a band shape along the outer periphery of the building.
外壁パネル１６は、外壁フレーム１６Ａと外壁面材１６Ｂとにより構成されている。外壁パネル１６の建物外側面を構成する外壁面材１６Ｂは、意匠面１６ＢＡを建物外側に向けると共に、外壁フレーム１６Ａの建物外側面に設けられている図示しない通気胴縁の建物外側面に図示しないねじ等により取り付けられている。したがって、通気胴縁と接合されている箇所以外では、外壁面材１６Ｂは外壁フレーム１６Ａとの間で間隙を有している。 The outer wall panel 16 is composed of an outer wall frame 16A and an outer wall surface material 16B. The exterior wall surface material 16B constituting the exterior side of the building of the exterior wall panel 16 has a design surface 16BA facing the outside of the building, and a ventilation rim (not shown) provided on the exterior side of the building of the exterior wall frame 16A, not shown on the outside of the building. It is attached with screws, etc. Therefore, the outer wall surface material 16B has a gap with the outer wall frame 16A except for the portion where it is joined to the ventilation rim.
外壁パネル１６の下端部１６Ｃと基礎１２との間には、空間Ｓが形成されており、この空間Ｓには、土台水切２０が設けられている。土台水切２０は、基礎１２の上端面１２Ｂに取り付けられ（詳細は後述）、かつ外壁パネル１６の下端部１６Ｃに沿って延設されている。 A space S is formed between the lower end 16C of the outer wall panel 16 and the foundation 12, and a foundation drainer 20 is provided in this space S. The foundation flashing 20 is attached to the upper end surface 12B of the foundation 12 (details will be described later) and extends along the lower end 16C of the outer wall panel 16.
土台水切２０は、水切本体部２２と、止水弁２４とを含んで構成されている。水切本体部２２は、一例としてアルミニウム合金製とされかつ立設壁部２４Ａと底壁部２４Ｂとで断面形状が略Ｌ字状に形成されている。立設壁部２４Ａは、外壁面材１６Ｂの建物下方側に配置されていると共に、外壁パネル１６と直交する方向を厚さ方向とする板状部材により構成されかつ建物上下方向に延設された立設壁本体部２４ＡＡと、立設壁本体部２４ＡＡと同一の板状部材により構成されかつ立設壁本体部２４ＡＡの上端部から建物上方側へ向かうに連れて屋内側へ傾けられた折返壁部２４ＡＢとを含んで構成されている。折返壁部２４ＡＢの先端部２４ＡＣは、外壁面材１６Ｂの下端部１６ＢＢと建物上下方向にて離間されていると共に、外壁フレーム１６Ａの下端部１６ＡＢより建物上方側に配置されている。 The base drainer 20 includes a drainer main body portion 22 and a water stop valve 24. The drainer main body 22 is made of, for example, an aluminum alloy, and has a substantially L-shaped cross section with an upright wall 24A and a bottom wall 24B. The standing wall section 24A is disposed on the lower side of the building of the exterior wall surface material 16B, and is constructed of a plate-like member whose thickness direction is perpendicular to the exterior wall panel 16, and extends in the vertical direction of the building. An erected wall main body 24AA, and a folded wall that is constructed of the same plate-like member as the erected wall main body 24AA and that is inclined toward the indoor side from the upper end of the erected wall main body 24AA toward the upper side of the building. 24AB. The tip portion 24AC of the folded wall portion 24AB is spaced apart from the lower end portion 16BB of the outer wall surface material 16B in the vertical direction of the building, and is arranged on the upper side of the building than the lower end portion 16AB of the outer wall frame 16A.
底壁部２４Ｂは、建物上下方向を厚さ方向とする板状部材により構成されており、屋内側端部２４ＢＡが基礎１２の上端面１２Ｂ上に取り付けられている。また、底壁部２４Ｂの屋外側端部２４ＢＢは、立設壁部２４Ａが連結されている。さらに、底壁部２４Ｂには、床下通気口２８と、被張付部３０とを有している。床下通気口２８は、底壁部２４Ｂの屋内側端部２４ＢＡよりも屋外側に配置されていると共に、底壁部２４Ｂの板厚方向に貫通されかつ建物上下方向視にて矩形状に形成されている。また、床下通気口２８は、土台水切２０の延設方向に沿って間隔を空けて複数形成されている。これにより、床下通気口２８を介して基礎１２の外部と内部とが通気可能に連通されている。 The bottom wall portion 24B is constituted by a plate-like member whose thickness direction is in the vertical direction of the building, and the indoor end portion 24BA is attached to the upper end surface 12B of the foundation 12. Moreover, the outdoor end 24BB of the bottom wall 24B is connected to the standing wall 24A. Further, the bottom wall portion 24B has an underfloor vent 28 and a covered portion 30. The underfloor vent 28 is disposed closer to the outdoors than the indoor end 24BA of the bottom wall 24B, passes through the bottom wall 24B in the thickness direction, and has a rectangular shape when viewed in the vertical direction of the building. ing. Further, a plurality of underfloor vents 28 are formed at intervals along the extending direction of the foundation flashing 20. Thereby, the outside and inside of the foundation 12 are communicated with each other through the underfloor vent 28 in a ventilable manner.
被張付部３０は、底壁部２４Ｂの屋内側端部２４ＢＡと床下通気口２８との間かつ建物下方側面に設けられていると共に、底壁部２４Ｂから建物下方側へ突出するように形成されている。図２に示されるように、被張付部３０の背面部３０Ａは、基礎１２の屋外側面に当接されている。また、被張付部３０の屋外側には、被張付面３０Ｂが形成されている。この被張付面３０Ｂは、土台水切２０の延設方向に直交する断面形状が屋外側へ向けて開口された略Ｕ字状に形成されており、表面が円滑な面とされている。換言すると、被張付面３０Ｂには、建物下方側に屋外側へ向けて延設された返し部３０ＢＡが形成されている。 The covered portion 30 is provided between the indoor end 24BA of the bottom wall portion 24B and the underfloor vent 28 and on the lower side of the building, and is formed to protrude from the bottom wall portion 24B toward the lower side of the building. There is. As shown in FIG. 2, the back surface portion 30A of the covered portion 30 is in contact with the outdoor side surface of the foundation 12. Further, on the outdoor side of the covered portion 30, a covered surface 30B is formed. The covered surface 30B has a substantially U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the foundation flashing 20 that is open toward the outdoors, and has a smooth surface. In other words, the covered surface 30B is formed with a return portion 30BA that extends toward the outdoors below the building.
止水弁２４は、底壁部２４Ｂの屋外側端部２４ＢＢと床下通気口２８との間の部位かつ建物下方側に設けられていると共に、弁フレーム３４と、閉塞部３６と、ヒンジ部３８と、錘部４０と、張付部４２とを含んで構成されかつ水切本体部２２の延設方向に沿って延設されている。 The water stop valve 24 is provided at a portion between the outdoor end 24BB of the bottom wall portion 24B and the underfloor vent 28 and on the lower side of the building, and is connected to the valve frame 34, the closing portion 36, and the hinge portion 38. , a weight portion 40 , and a sticking portion 42 , and extends along the extending direction of the drainer main body portion 22 .
弁フレーム３４は、水切本体部２２と同一のアルミニウム合金製の板状部材により構成されており、閉塞部側壁３４Ａと錘部側壁３４Ｂとで延設方向に直交する断面形状が略Ｌ字状に形成されている。閉塞部側壁３４Ａは床下通気口２８の建物下方側に配置されていると共に、錘部側壁３４Ｂは閉塞部側壁３４Ａに対して屋外側に配置されている。また、閉塞部側壁３４Ａと錘部側壁３４Ｂとの間にはヒンジ部３８が一体的に形成されており、このヒンジ部３８は、図４に示されるように、止水弁２４の延設方向に直交する断面形状が略円形とされており、底壁部２４Ｂの建物下方側に形成されたヒンジ受け部４４内に挿入され保持されている。これにより、弁フレーム３４ひいては止水弁２４は、ヒンジ部３８の断面中心部を中心に止水弁２４の延設方向を軸方向として回動可能に水切本体部２２に支持されている。なお、ヒンジ部３８は、ヒンジ受け部４４の開口を開く方向に弾性変形させることで脱着が可能とされている。 The valve frame 34 is made of a plate-like member made of the same aluminum alloy as the drainer main body 22, and has a substantially L-shaped cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the closing part side wall 34A and the weight part side wall 34B. It is formed. The closed section side wall 34A is arranged on the lower side of the building with respect to the underfloor vent 28, and the weight section side wall 34B is arranged on the outdoor side with respect to the closed section side wall 34A. Further, a hinge portion 38 is integrally formed between the blocking portion side wall 34A and the weight portion side wall 34B, and as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape perpendicular to is substantially circular, and is inserted and held within a hinge receiving portion 44 formed on the lower side of the building of the bottom wall portion 24B. As a result, the valve frame 34 and, in turn, the water cutoff valve 24 are supported by the drainer main body 22 so as to be rotatable about the center of the cross section of the hinge portion 38 and with the extending direction of the water cutoff valve 24 as the axial direction. Note that the hinge portion 38 can be attached and detached by elastically deforming it in the direction of opening the opening of the hinge receiving portion 44.
閉塞部側壁３４Ａには、浮体４６と、張付部４２とが取り付けられている。浮体４６は、比重が水より軽い材料（一例として発泡樹脂材）により構成されており、止水弁２４の長手方向に直交する断面形状が略矩形状に形成されている。また、浮体４６は、閉塞部側壁３４Ａの屋外側面３４ＡＡに接合されており、閉塞部側壁３４Ａからの最大突出量Ａが被張付部３０の底壁部２４Ｂに対する建物下方側への突出量Ｂよりも大きく設定されている。さらに、閉塞部側壁３４Ａ及び浮体４６は、床下通気口２８に対応した位置に配置されており、基礎１２の外部の水位が上昇することにより浮力が浮体４６に作用した際には、止水弁２４がヒンジ部３８を中心に回動することで閉塞部側壁３４Ａ及び浮体４６が床下通気口２８を閉塞する（図３参照）。つまり、閉塞部側壁３４Ａ及び浮体４６が請求項１に記載の「閉塞部」に相当する。換言すると、閉塞部３６は、ヒンジ部３８を介して土台水切２０に取り付けられている。 A floating body 46 and a sticking part 42 are attached to the closing part side wall 34A. The floating body 46 is made of a material whose specific gravity is lighter than water (for example, a foamed resin material), and has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the water stop valve 24 . Furthermore, the floating body 46 is joined to the outdoor side surface 34AA of the blocking side wall 34A, and the maximum protrusion amount A from the blocking side wall 34A is larger than the protruding amount B of the covered portion 30 toward the bottom wall 24B of the building. It is set large. Furthermore, the blocking part side wall 34A and the floating body 46 are arranged at a position corresponding to the underfloor vent 28, and when buoyancy acts on the floating body 46 due to a rise in the water level outside the foundation 12, a water stop valve is installed. 24 rotates around the hinge portion 38, the closing portion side wall 34A and the floating body 46 close the underfloor vent 28 (see FIG. 3). That is, the closing part side wall 34A and the floating body 46 correspond to the "closing part" according to claim 1. In other words, the closing part 36 is attached to the base drainer 20 via the hinge part 38.
錘部側壁３４Ｂには、錘４８が取り付けられている。錘４８は、比重が水より重い材料（一例として金属材）により構成されており、錘部側壁３４Ｂの屋内側面３４ＢＡに取り付けられている。この錘部側壁３４Ｂと錘４８とが請求項１に記載の「錘部」に相当する。換言すると、錘部４０は、閉塞部３６と一体的に構成されていると共に、ヒンジ部３８を挟んで閉塞部３６と離間する側、すなわち、屋外側に配置されている。また、錘部側壁３４Ｂは、止水弁２４が浮力により回動していない状態、すなわち、ヒンジ部３８を中心に錘部４０と閉塞部３６との重量バランスが釣り合う状態において外壁パネル１６の面直方向視にて閉塞部３６の建物下方側の端部（本実施形態の場合は浮体４６の下端部４６Ａ）と重なるようにヒンジ部３８から建物下方側へ延設されている。つまり、屋外側から視認した際に、錘部４０によって閉塞部３６が視認できない構成とされかつ水切本体部２２と同一のアルミニウム合金製の板状部材により構成された錘部側壁３４Ｂが建物外部へ露見されている。 A weight 48 is attached to the weight side wall 34B. The weight 48 is made of a material (for example, a metal material) whose specific gravity is heavier than water, and is attached to the indoor side surface 34BA of the weight side wall 34B. This weight part side wall 34B and the weight 48 correspond to the "weight part" according to claim 1. In other words, the weight portion 40 is configured integrally with the closing portion 36 and is disposed on the side away from the closing portion 36 with the hinge portion 38 in between, that is, on the outdoor side. Further, the weight part side wall 34B is formed on the surface of the outer wall panel 16 when the water stop valve 24 is not rotating due to buoyancy, that is, when the weight balance of the weight part 40 and the closing part 36 is balanced around the hinge part 38. It extends from the hinge part 38 toward the lower side of the building so as to overlap the end of the closing part 36 on the lower side of the building (in the case of the present embodiment, the lower end 46A of the floating body 46) when viewed in the vertical direction. In other words, when viewed from the outside, the weight part side wall 34B, which is configured such that the closing part 36 is not visible due to the weight part 40 and is made of the same aluminum alloy plate member as the drainer main body part 22, is exposed to the outside of the building. It's exposed.
張付部４２は、フィルム状の部材により構成されており、閉塞部側壁３４Ａの屋内側面３４ＡＢに取り付けられている。また、張付部４２は、閉塞部３６より屋内側へ露出された露出部４２Ａを有している。換言すると、露出部４２Ａは、閉塞部側壁３４Ａのヒンジ部３８（錘部４０）側と反対側の端部に設けられている。この露出部４２Ａの露出量は、図５に示されるように、止水弁２４が床下通気口２８を閉塞した状態にて被張付部３０の被張付面３０Ｂに露出部４２Ａが張り付いた際に被張付面３０Ｂから飛び出さない程度に設定されている。 The sticking part 42 is made of a film-like member, and is attached to the indoor side surface 34AB of the closing part side wall 34A. Furthermore, the sticking section 42 has an exposed section 42A that is exposed toward the indoor side from the closing section 36. In other words, the exposed portion 42A is provided at the end of the closing portion side wall 34A on the side opposite to the hinge portion 38 (weight portion 40). As shown in FIG. 5, the amount of exposure of the exposed portion 42A is determined when the exposed portion 42A sticks to the covered surface 30B of the covered portion 30 with the water stop valve 24 blocking the underfloor vent 28. It is set to such an extent that it does not protrude from the adhered surface 30B.
（止水弁の作動について）
次に、止水弁２４の作動について説明する。図２に示されるように、通常状態においては、止水弁２４は、ヒンジ部３８を中心に錘部４０と閉塞部３６との重量バランスが釣り合う状態（通常状態）にて位置している。この状態では、床下通気口２８は開放された状態となることから、床下通気口２８を介して基礎１２の内部と外部とで換気を行うことができる。
(About the operation of the water stop valve)
Next, the operation of the water stop valve 24 will be explained. As shown in FIG. 2, in the normal state, the water stop valve 24 is located in a state where the weight of the weight portion 40 and the closing portion 36 are balanced around the hinge portion 38 (normal state). In this state, the underfloor vent 28 is in an open state, so that ventilation can be performed between the inside and the outside of the foundation 12 via the underfloor vent 28.
一方、図３に示されるように、水害等の発生により、基礎１２の外側の水位が上昇した場合、止水弁２４は浮体４６に作用する浮力によりヒンジ部３８を中心に閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８に近づく方向に回動する。この際、張付部４２の建物上方側面に水滴等の水分が付着する。これにより、張付部４２が被張付部３０の被張付面３０Ｂに張り付きやすくなり、止水弁２４の回動に伴って張付部４２の被張付部３０への張り付け量が増加する。そして、浮体４６の閉塞部側壁３４Ａからの最大突出量Ａが被張付部３０の底壁部２４Ｂに対する建物下方側への突出量Ｂよりも大きく設定されていることから（図４参照）、閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８を完全に閉塞する前に張付部４２が被張付部３０へ張り付く。つまり、水中（図５参照）ではなく大気中にて張付部４２が被張付部３０へ張り付く。したがって、大気圧が屋外側から張付部４２に作用することで、張付部４２が被張付部３０へ張り付けられる。そして、閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８を閉塞する程度に水位が上昇すると、図５に示されるように、水圧が張付部４２に作用することで被張付部３０への張り付け状態が維持される。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the water level outside the foundation 12 rises due to the occurrence of flood damage, etc., the water stop valve 24 causes the blockage part 36 to move below the floor around the hinge part 38 due to the buoyant force acting on the floating body 46. Rotate in the direction approaching the vent 28. At this time, moisture such as water droplets adheres to the upper side of the building of the attachment part 42. This makes it easier for the sticking part 42 to stick to the covered surface 30B of the covered part 30, and as the water stop valve 24 rotates, the amount of sticking of the sticking part 42 to the covered part 30 increases. Since the maximum protrusion amount A of the floating body 46 from the blocking part side wall 34A is set to be larger than the protruding amount B of the covered part 30 toward the bottom wall part 24B toward the lower side of the building (see FIG. 4), the blocking part The sticking part 42 sticks to the covered part 30 before the underfloor vent 36 completely closes the underfloor vent 28. That is, the sticking part 42 sticks to the stuck part 30 not in water (see FIG. 5) but in the atmosphere. Therefore, the sticking part 42 is stuck to the covered part 30 by the atmospheric pressure acting on the sticking part 42 from the outdoor side. When the water level rises to such an extent that the blocking part 36 closes the underfloor vent 28, water pressure acts on the sticking part 42 to maintain the sticking state to the covered part 30, as shown in FIG.
基礎１２の外部の水位が上昇した後に下降した場合、図４に示されるように、止水弁２４は自重により閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８と離間する方向（図中二点鎖線から実線へ）に回動する。また、被張付部３０に張り付いた張付部４２もこの回動に伴って被張付部３０から剥離するか、張付部４２と被張付部３０との間の水分が乾燥することにより空気が入って被張付部３０から剥離する。これにより、通常状態へ戻る。 When the water level outside the foundation 12 rises and then falls, as shown in FIG. ). Further, the attached part 42 stuck to the attached part 30 may also peel off from the attached part 30 due to this rotation, or air may enter as the moisture between the attached part 42 and the attached part 30 dries, and the attached part 30 may be separated from the attached part 30. Peel off. This returns to the normal state.
（第１実施形態の作用・効果）
次に、第１実施形態の作用並びに効果を説明する。
(Actions and effects of the first embodiment)
Next, the operation and effects of the first embodiment will be explained.
本実施形態では、図１に示されるように、土台水切２０は、建物１１の基礎１２と外壁パネル１６との間に形成される空間Ｓを建物外方側から覆うように基礎１２に取り付けられていると共に、基礎１２の内側と外側とを連通する床下通気口２８が形成されている。土台水切２０における基礎１２の外側に回動可能に取り付けられかつ床下通気口２８に対応した部位には、閉塞部３６が設けられており、この閉塞部３６は比重が水より軽い材料により構成された浮体４６を含んで構成されかつ浮体４６の浮力により床下通気口２８を建物下方側から閉塞可能とされている。したがって、図３に示されるように、基礎１２の外側の水位が上昇すると、この水位上昇による浮力により閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８を閉塞することができる。また、閉塞部３６における土台水切２０に取り付けられた部位を挟んで閉塞部３６と離間する側には、錘４８が取り付けられており、この錘４８は、比重が水より重い材料により構成されている。したがって、基礎１２の外側の水位が上昇すると、錘４８を持ち上げる方向ではなく浮体４６が浮力を受ける方向にのみ閉塞部３６が回動することから、閉塞部３６の回動方向を規制することができる。つまり、水の揺らぎの影響を受けて閉塞部３６が頻繁に回動して床下通気口２８の閉塞状態が解除されるのを抑制することができる。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the foundation drainer 20 is attached to the foundation 12 so as to cover the space S formed between the foundation 12 of the building 11 and the outer wall panel 16 from the outside of the building. At the same time, an underfloor vent 28 is formed that communicates the inside and outside of the foundation 12. A blockage part 36 is provided in a part of the foundation drainer 20 that is rotatably attached to the outside of the foundation 12 and corresponds to the underfloor vent 28, and this blockage part 36 is made of a material whose specific gravity is lighter than water. The underfloor vent 28 can be closed from the lower side of the building by the buoyancy of the floating body 46. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the water level outside the foundation 12 rises, the blocking portion 36 can close the underfloor vent 28 due to the buoyancy caused by this rising water level. Further, a weight 48 is attached to the side of the blocking portion 36 that is separated from the blocking portion 36 across the portion attached to the base drainer 20, and this weight 48 is made of a material whose specific gravity is heavier than water. There is. Therefore, when the water level outside the foundation 12 rises, the closing portion 36 rotates only in the direction in which the floating body 46 receives buoyancy, not in the direction of lifting the weight 48, so it is not possible to restrict the direction of rotation of the closing portion 36. can. In other words, it is possible to prevent the underfloor vent 28 from being unblocked due to frequent rotation of the blocking portion 36 due to the influence of water fluctuations.
また、図２に示されるように、錘４８は、閉塞部３６における土台水切２０に取り付けられた部位に対して屋外側に配置されていると共に、外壁パネル１６の面直方向視にて閉塞部３６の建物下方側の端部（浮体４６の下端部４６Ａ）と重なるように形成されている。つまり、建物外部から視認した際に閉塞部３６が隠れて錘４８のみが視認される。さらに、錘４８の屋外側は、土台水切２０と略同一部材により構成されていることから、錘４８と土台水切２０とが連続的な外観となる。したがって、外観意匠性を向上させることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the weight 48 is disposed on the outdoor side of the portion of the closure portion 36 that is attached to the base drainer 20, and the weight 48 is located on the outdoor side of the portion of the closure portion 36 that is attached to the base drainer 20, and the weight 48 is located outside the closure portion 36 when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the outer wall panel 16. 36 (lower end 46A of floating body 46). In other words, when viewed from outside the building, the closing portion 36 is hidden and only the weight 48 is visible. Furthermore, since the outdoor side of the weight 48 is made of substantially the same member as the base drainer 20, the weight 48 and the base drainer 20 have a continuous appearance. Therefore, the appearance design can be improved.
さらに、閉塞部３６における錘４８と反対側の端部には、張付部４２が設けられている。この張付部４２は、フィルム状に形成されかつ土台水切２０と当接可能とされている。したがって、基礎１２の外側の水位が上昇する際に張付部４２に水が付着すると、図５に示されるように、閉塞部３６が浮力により床下通気口２８を閉塞する時に、張付部４２が土台水切２０に張り付く。つまり、基礎１２の外側の水が床下通気口２８から建物内部へ浸入するのを張付部４２により一層確実に抑制することができる。 Furthermore, a sticking part 42 is provided at the end of the closing part 36 on the opposite side from the weight 48 . This sticking part 42 is formed in a film shape and can come into contact with the base drainer 20. Therefore, if water adheres to the lining part 42 when the water level outside the foundation 12 rises, as shown in FIG. stick to. In other words, the attachment portion 42 can more reliably prevent water from outside the foundation 12 from entering the inside of the building from the underfloor vent 28.
（第２実施形態）
次に、図６を用いて、本発明の第２実施形態に係る土台水切構造について説明する。なお、前述した第１実施形態等と同一構成部分については、同一番号を付してその説明を省略する。
(Second embodiment)
Next, a foundation drainage structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 6. Note that the same components as those in the first embodiment and the like described above are given the same numbers and the description thereof will be omitted.
この第２実施形態に係る土台水切構造５０は、基本的な構成は第１実施形態と同様とされ、止水弁５１のヒンジ部５２が底壁部２４Ｂの建物下方側へ露出されたヒンジ受け部５４に保持されている点に特徴がある。 The foundation drainage structure 50 according to the second embodiment has the same basic configuration as the first embodiment, and the hinge portion 52 of the water stop valve 51 is a hinge receiver exposed to the lower side of the building on the bottom wall portion 24B. It is distinctive in that it is held in the section 54.
すなわち、図６に示されるように、底壁部２４Ｂに形成されたヒンジ受け部５４は、土台水切２０の長手方向に直交する断面形状が屋内側へ向けて開口を有する略Ｊ字状に形成されている。つまり、ヒンジ受け部５４は、屋内側が開放されていると共に、面直方向が略屋内側へ向けられた受け壁部端面５４Ａを備えている。 That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the hinge receiving portion 54 formed on the bottom wall portion 24B has a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the base drainer 20 that has a substantially J-shape with an opening toward the indoor side. has been done. In other words, the hinge receiving portion 54 is open on the indoor side and includes a receiving wall end surface 54A whose perpendicular direction is oriented substantially toward the indoor side.
止水弁５１は、閉塞部３６と、錘部４０と、張付部４２と、ヒンジ部５２とを含んで構成されており、ヒンジ部５２は、閉塞部側壁３４Ａと錘部側壁３４Ｂとが結合する部位（以下、単に「結合部」と称する。）から建物上方側かつ閉塞部側壁３４Ａの延長線上に形成されており、結合部と所定の寸法分離間されている。この所定の寸法は、受け壁部端面５４Ａにおける受け壁部端面５４Ａの面直方向に直交しかつ略建物上下方向に沿った方向の寸法以上とされている。したがって、ヒンジ部５２と結合部との間に受け壁部端面５４Ａが配置可能とされている。 The water stop valve 51 includes a closing part 36, a weight part 40, a sticking part 42, and a hinge part 52, and the hinge part 52 connects the closing part side wall 34A and the weight part side wall 34B. It is formed on the upper side of the building from the part (hereinafter simply referred to as the "joint part") and on an extension of the closing part side wall 34A, and is separated from the joint part by a predetermined distance. This predetermined dimension is greater than or equal to the dimension of the receiving wall end surface 54A in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the receiving wall end surface 54A and substantially along the vertical direction of the building. Therefore, the receiving wall end surface 54A can be arranged between the hinge part 52 and the coupling part.
ヒンジ部５２は、閉塞部側壁３４Ａの延長線上から屋外側へ向けて突出されかつ止水弁５１の長手方向に直交する断面形状が略円形とされており、ヒンジ受け部５４の内部に挿入されかつ保持されている。これにより、ヒンジ部５２ひいては止水弁５１は、ヒンジ部５２を中心に回動可能とされている。なお、止水弁５１は、受け壁部端面５４Ａと閉塞部側壁３４Ａとが当接することで、閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８と離間する方向の回動が制限される。 The hinge portion 52 protrudes toward the outdoors from an extension of the closing portion side wall 34A, has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the water stop valve 51, and is inserted into the hinge receiving portion 54. and is maintained. Thereby, the hinge portion 52 and, by extension, the water stop valve 51 can be rotated around the hinge portion 52. Note that the water stop valve 51 is restricted from rotating in the direction in which the closing portion 36 is separated from the underfloor vent 28 due to the contact between the receiving wall end surface 54A and the closing portion side wall 34A.
（第２実施形態の作用・効果）
次に、第２実施形態の作用並びに効果を説明する。
(Actions and effects of the second embodiment)
Next, the operation and effects of the second embodiment will be explained.
上記構成によっても、止水弁５１のヒンジ部５２が底壁部２４Ｂの建物下方側へ露出されたヒンジ受け部５４に保持されている点以外は第１実施形態の土台水切構造１０と同様に構成されているので、第１実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。また、止水弁５１は、受け壁部端面５４Ａと閉塞部側壁３４Ａとが当接可能とされていることで、閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８と離間する方向の所定角度以上の回動を制限することができる。これにより、強風や意図しない水流等により閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８と離間する方向に止水弁５１が大きく回動して閉塞部３６による床下通気口２８の閉塞が阻害されるのを抑制することができる。 The above configuration is similar to the foundation drainage structure 10 of the first embodiment except that the hinge portion 52 of the water stop valve 51 is held by the hinge receiving portion 54 of the bottom wall portion 24B exposed toward the lower side of the building. Therefore, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the water stop valve 51 is configured such that the receiving wall end face 54A and the blocking part side wall 34A can come into contact with each other, so that the blocking part 36 can be prevented from rotating by a predetermined angle or more in the direction away from the underfloor vent 28. can be restricted. This prevents the water stop valve 51 from rotating significantly in the direction in which the blocking part 36 separates from the underfloor vent 28 due to strong winds, unintended water flow, etc., and preventing the blocking part 36 from blocking the underfloor vent 28. can do.
（変形例）
次に、土台水切の変形例について説明する。図７に示されるように、止水弁７０は、閉塞部３６と、錘部４０と、張付部４２とを含んで構成されており、土台水切２０の底壁部７２の建物下方側面に接合部材７４を介して取り付けられている。この接合部材７４は、一例として、ゴム等の弾性材により構成されたシート状部材とされており、底壁部７２の建物下方側面と錘部側壁３４Ｂの屋外側面にそれぞれ接合されている。したがって、接合部材７４が弾性変形することで、浮力により閉塞部３６が床下通気口２８を閉塞する方向に止水弁７０を回動させることができる。本構成は、底壁部７２にヒンジ受け部４４、５４が不要となることから、従来構造の土台水切に止水弁７０を設けることが容易となる。つまり、容易に水害時の建物内部への浸水を効果的に抑制することができる。
(Modified example)
Next, a modified example of the foundation drainer will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the water stop valve 70 is configured to include a closing part 36, a weight part 40, and a sticking part 42, and is attached to the lower side of the building on the bottom wall part 72 of the foundation drainer 20. It is attached via 74. The joining member 74 is, for example, a sheet-like member made of an elastic material such as rubber, and is joined to the lower side of the building of the bottom wall 72 and the outdoor side of the weight side wall 34B, respectively. Therefore, by elastically deforming the joining member 74, the water stop valve 70 can be rotated in the direction in which the closing portion 36 closes the underfloor vent 28 due to the buoyant force. With this configuration, the hinge receiving portions 44 and 54 are not required on the bottom wall portion 72, so it becomes easy to provide the water stop valve 70 in the foundation drainer of the conventional structure. In other words, it is possible to easily and effectively suppress water from entering the building during flood damage.
なお、上述した第１、第２実施形態では、浮体４６が発泡樹脂材により構成されているが、これに限らず、ブロー成形等により内部に空気層が設けられた樹脂部材やそれ以外の部材により構成されてもよい。また、浮体４６と弁フレーム３４とが別部材により構成されているが、これに限らず、一体の部材により構成されてもよい。 Note that in the first and second embodiments described above, the floating body 46 is made of a foamed resin material, but is not limited to this, and may be a resin member with an air layer provided inside by blow molding or other materials. It may be configured by Further, although the floating body 46 and the valve frame 34 are configured as separate members, they are not limited to this, and may be configured as an integrated member.
さらに、錘４８は、閉塞部３６に対して屋外側に設けられた構成とされているが、これに限らず、閉塞部３６の屋内側にヒンジ部３８、５２又は接合部材７４を設けてこのヒンジ部３８、５２を挟んで閉塞部３６に対して屋内側に設けた構成としてもよい。 Furthermore, although the weight 48 is configured to be provided on the outdoor side of the closure part 36, the present invention is not limited to this, and the hinge parts 38, 52 or the joining member 74 may be provided on the indoor side of the closure part 36. It may also be configured to be provided indoors with respect to the closing portion 36 with the hinge portions 38 and 52 in between.
以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上記に限定されるものでなく、その主旨を逸脱しない範囲内において上記以外にも種々変形して実施することが可能であることは勿論である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and it is possible to implement various modifications other than the above without departing from the spirit thereof. Of course.
１０ 土台水切構造
１１ 建物
１２ 基礎
１６ 外壁パネル
２０ 土台水切
２８ 床下通気口
３６ 閉塞部
４０ 錘部
４２ 張付部
４６ 浮体
４６Ａ 下端部（閉塞部の建物下方側の端部）
５０ 土台水切構造
Ｓ 空間
10 Foundation drainage structure 11 Building 12 Foundation 16 External wall panel 20 Foundation drainage 28 Underfloor vent 36 Closure section 40 Weight section 42 Cladding section 46 Floating body 46A Lower end (end of the closure section on the lower side of the building)
50 Foundation drainage structure S space
Claims (3)
前記土台水切における前記基礎の外側に回動可能に取り付けられかつ前記床下通気口に対応した部位に配置されていると共に、比重が水より軽い材料により構成された浮体を含んで構成されており、前記浮体の浮力により浮体が浮力を受ける方向に回動して前記床下通気口を建物下方側から閉塞可能とされている閉塞部と、
前記閉塞部に取り付けられていると共に、前記閉塞部における前記土台水切に取り付けられた部位を挟んで前記閉塞部と離間する側に配置されており、比重が水より重い材料により構成されている錘部と、
を有する土台水切構造。 a foundation drainer that is attached to the foundation so as to cover the space formed between the foundation of the building and the exterior wall panel from the outside of the building, and is formed with an underfloor vent that communicates between the inside and outside of the foundation;
The floating body is rotatably attached to the outside of the foundation in the foundation drainer and is located at a location corresponding to the underfloor vent, and is configured to include a floating body made of a material with a specific gravity lighter than water, a closing part that is configured to rotate in a direction in which the floating body receives buoyancy due to the buoyancy of the floating body so as to close the underfloor vent from the lower side of the building;
A weight that is attached to the closure part, is located on a side of the closure part that is separated from the closure part across the part of the closure part that is attached to the base drainer, and is made of a material with a specific gravity heavier than water. Department and
Base drainage structure with.
請求項１記載の土台水切構造。 The weight part is disposed on the outdoor side with respect to a part of the closing part attached to the foundation flashing, and the outdoor side is made of substantially the same member as the foundation flashing, and the weight part is arranged on the outdoor side with respect to the part attached to the foundation flashing in the closing part, and the outdoor side is made of substantially the same member as the foundation flashing, and when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the outer wall panel. is formed so as to overlap with the lower end of the building of the closing part,
The foundation drainage structure according to claim 1.
請求項１又は請求項２記載の土台水切構造。 An end portion of the closing portion opposite to the weight portion is provided with a sticking portion formed in a film shape and capable of coming into contact with the base drainer.
The foundation drainage structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011220048A (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2011-11-04 | Kazuo Akita | Structure for preventing flood below floor level |
| US20180155927A1 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2018-06-07 | Markar Vartanian | A flood protection device |
| JP2019094750A (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-20 | 田中 伸一 | Ventilation hole flooding prevention device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011220048A (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2011-11-04 | Kazuo Akita | Structure for preventing flood below floor level |
| US20180155927A1 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2018-06-07 | Markar Vartanian | A flood protection device |
| JP2019094750A (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-20 | 田中 伸一 | Ventilation hole flooding prevention device |
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