JP7378275B2 - Compressor, outdoor unit and air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses fluid, an outdoor unit equipped with the compressor, and an air conditioner equipped with the outdoor unit.

Rotary compressors and scroll compressors, which have a small number of parts, are often used as compressors installed in outdoor units of air conditioners. Rotary compressors and scroll compressors have sliding parts such as rollers, vanes, and orbiting scrolls that move while sliding, bearings, and the like, and refrigerating machine oil is supplied to reduce friction therebetween.

Refrigerating machine oil is used over a long period of time, with a service life of 10 to 20 years, so it does not form precipitates, does not solidify even at low temperatures, maintains an appropriate viscosity, and can prevent electrical leakage from motor coils that are energized. It has to be something. Refrigerating machine oil is one of the expensive parts because it must satisfy many of these conditions.

A compressor includes a compression mechanism having rollers, vanes, an orbiting scroll, etc., and an electric motor having a motor coil, etc., in a closed container, and refrigerating machine oil is stored in an oil reservoir at the bottom of the closed container. The oil sump portion of the sealed container is called a bottom chamber, and some bottom chambers have a flattened outer edge to support the compressor with a support member (for example, as disclosed in patents). (See Reference 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-308968

The bottom of the conventional airtight container of a compressor is shaped to easily support the compressor, and does not reduce the amount of refrigerating machine oil, which is one of the expensive parts. In addition, with such a shape, impurities such as dust tend to collect in the central portion where the refrigerating machine oil suction port is located, reducing the reliability of the compressor.

Therefore, it is desired to provide a compressor, an outdoor unit, and an air conditioner that have high reliability while reducing the amount of refrigerating machine oil.

In view of the above problems, the present invention is a compressor for compressing fluid, comprising:
a container in which a fluid is contained;
a rotating shaft disposed within the container;
a compression mechanism disposed in the container and compressing the fluid by rotation of a rotating shaft;
The container stores oil sucked up from one end of the rotating shaft at the bottom below the compression mechanism.
The bottom part includes a barrier part provided in a central part of the bottom face facing one end of the rotating shaft so as to protrude upward, and an outer circumferential side of the barrier part formed to have a convex shape toward the inside of the container. A compressor is provided having a recessed portion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compressor, an outdoor unit, and an air conditioner that have high reliability while reducing the amount of refrigerating machine oil.

The figure which showed the example of a structure of an air conditioner. The figure which showed the example of a structure of an outdoor unit. The figure which showed the example of a structure of a compressor. The figure which showed the example of a structure of a compression mechanism. The figure which illustrated the flow of the refrigerating machine oil in a compressor. The figure which illustrated the shape of the conventional bottom chamber. The figure which showed the 1st example of the bottom chamber of this compressor. The figure which showed the 2nd example of the bottom chamber of this compressor. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example in which the bottom chamber shown in FIG. 7 is attached to a case. The figure which showed the 3rd example of the bottom chamber of this compressor.

The compressor according to this embodiment can be used alone as a device for compressing fluid, or can be installed in any device or system, but here, it will be used as a device to be installed in an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. explain.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an air conditioner. An air conditioner includes one or more indoor units installed in the same space and one or more outdoor units installed outside the space. The device illustrated in FIG. 1 includes one indoor unit 10 installed indoors and one outdoor unit 11 installed outdoors.

The indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 11 are connected by two pipes 12, and the refrigerant is configured to circulate within the pipes 12. The compressor is mounted on the outdoor unit 11 and is used to circulate this refrigerant. The indoor unit 10 sucks indoor air, cools or warms the indoor air using a circulating refrigerant, and blows out the cooled or warmed air. By repeating this, the room can be cooled or warmed. The outdoor unit 11 supplies the refrigerant to the indoor unit, collects it from the indoor unit, heats or cools it, and supplies it to the indoor unit 10 again.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the outdoor unit 11. The outdoor unit 11 includes a fan 20 that sucks in and blows outside air, a heat exchanger 21 that warms or cools the sucked air, a compressor 22 that circulates refrigerant between the indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 11, and an outdoor It includes a control board 23 for controlling the machine 11 and an expansion valve 24. The outdoor unit 11 also includes a temperature sensor that measures the outside temperature, a sensor that measures the current supplied to the compressor 22, a sensor that measures the flow rate of refrigerant, a sensor that measures the pressure of the refrigerant, a four-way valve, an accumulator, and the like. ing.

The control board 23 receives instructions from the indoor unit 10, operates or stops the outdoor unit 11, and controls the fan 20 and compressor 22 based on the notified information so that the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature. The operating load is changed to adjust the temperature of the refrigerant supplied to the indoor unit 10, the flow rate of the refrigerant, etc. The expansion valve 24 is used to expand the compressed refrigerant and lower the temperature of the refrigerant.

Here, the operation of the outdoor unit 11 in the air conditioner during operation will be briefly explained. When the outdoor unit 11 starts operating, the compressor 22 is started, and the circulation of refrigerant between the indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 11 is started.

When the air conditioner is used for cooling, when the compressor 22 compresses and discharges refrigerant, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is supplied into the heat exchanger 21 . The refrigerant exchanges heat with the outside air sucked in by the fan 20 and is cooled. After cooling, the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 24 to lower its temperature and is sent from the outdoor unit 11 to the indoor unit 10 through the pipe 12.

The indoor unit 10 includes a fan, a heat exchanger, and a control board, and a refrigerant is supplied into the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with indoor air drawn in by the fan. The air is cooled by the refrigerant and blown into the room.

The refrigerant passes through the pipe 12 and is returned to the compressor 22. This action is repeated, and the cold air blown out cools the room to the set temperature.

When the air conditioner is used for heating, the operation is the opposite of that for cooling, and when the compressor 22 adiabatically compresses the refrigerant and discharges it in a high temperature and high pressure state, it passes through the pipe 12 instead of the heat exchanger 21 into the room. Sent to machine 10. In the indoor unit 10, a refrigerant is supplied into a heat exchanger, and heat is exchanged with indoor air sucked in by a fan. The air is heated by the refrigerant and blown into the room.

The refrigerant cools the air by applying heat to the air, and is sent to the outdoor unit 11 through the pipe 12. In the outdoor unit 11, the expansion valve 24 expands the condensed high-pressure refrigerant. This brings the refrigerant into a low temperature and low pressure state. Thereafter, the air is supplied into the heat exchanger 21, where it exchanges heat with the outside air sucked in by the fan 20, and then returned to the compressor 22. This action is repeated, and the warm air blown out warms the room to the set temperature.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the compressor 22. As shown in FIG. The compressor 22 is a rotary compressor with a small number of parts, and includes a closed container 30, a rotating shaft 40, an electric motor 50, and a compression mechanism 60. Although a roller compressor will be described as an example here, the compressor may also be a scroll compressor that similarly includes a closed container, a rotating shaft, an electric motor, and a compression mechanism.

The airtight container 30 accommodates a rotating shaft 40, an electric motor 50, and a compression mechanism 60, and a refrigerant is accommodated within the container. The airtight container 30 includes a hollow case (chamber) 30a that surrounds the rotating shaft 40, the electric motor 50, and the compression mechanism 60, a lid chamber 30b that closes the upper part of the case 30a and is welded to the case 30a, and the case 30a. and a bottom chamber 30c that is welded to the case 30a.

The rotating shaft 40 is arranged at the center inside the closed container 30. The electric motor 50 is configured to rotationally drive the compression mechanism 60 via the rotating shaft 40, and includes a stator 51 and a rotor 52.

The stator 51 is composed of an iron core, coils, etc., and the rotor 52 includes a permanent magnet. By passing a current through the coil of the stator 51, an electromagnet is formed, and by changing the direction of the current, the rotor 52 is rotated. Rotate. Note that this is just an example, and the stator 51 may include a permanent magnet, and the rotor 52 may be composed of an iron core, a coil, or the like.

Compression mechanism 60 is spaced apart below electric motor 50 . The space between the electric motor 50 and the compression mechanism 60 is a primary space 31, and the space above the electric motor 50 is a secondary space 32. Refrigerating machine oil is stored below the compression mechanism 60, which is used for lubricating each sliding portion of the compression mechanism 60, sealing a compression chamber, etc., which will be described later.

The compressor 22 includes a gas-liquid separator 33 outside the closed container 30. The gas-liquid separator 33 is connected to the closed container 30, separates the liquid refrigerant, and supplies only the gas refrigerant into the closed container 30.

The refrigerant supplied into the closed container 30 enters the compression mechanism 60, is compressed, becomes a high temperature, high pressure refrigerant, and is discharged into the primary space 31. There are gaps between the stator 51 and the rotor 52 and between the stator 51 and the sealed container 30, and the refrigerant flows into the secondary space 32 through the gaps. The airtight container 30 is provided with a discharge pipe 34 for discharging the refrigerant, and the refrigerant that has flowed into the secondary space 32 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 34.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the compression mechanism 60. The compression mechanism 60 includes a container (cylinder) 63 having an inlet 61 through which refrigerant flows, an outlet (not shown) through which the refrigerant is discharged, and a compression chamber 62 for compressing the refrigerant that has flowed in from the inlet 61. including. In reality, the compression chamber 62 is an airtight space closed by two bearings that rotatably support the upper and lower portions of the cylinder 63 on the rotating shaft 40 .

Furthermore, the compression mechanism 60 includes a roller 64 that is arranged eccentrically from the center of the compression chamber 62 and rotates within the compression chamber 62 while contacting the inner peripheral surface of the compression chamber 62 . The roller 64 is provided on the rotating shaft 40, rotates eccentrically around the rotating shaft 40 as the rotating shaft 40 rotates, and maintains a state in which a portion thereof always has a slight gap with the inner surface of the cylinder 63. .

The compression mechanism 60 includes a vane 65 that partitions the interior space of the compression chamber 62 having the roller 64 into two spaces. When the compressor is started, the vane 65 is pressed by an elastic body such as a spring 66 from the back side, which is one end of the vane 65, and the other end is in contact with and pressed against the peripheral side surface of the roller 64. After the compressor is started, the back side of the vane 65 is pressed by the differential pressure between the inside of the compression chamber 62 and the outside of the compression chamber 62 (outside the compression chamber 62 and inside the closed container 30), and the other end is pressed against the circumference of the roller 64. It comes into contact with the side and is pressed against it. Here, the elastic body will be explained as a spring 66, but the elastic body is not limited to this.

When the inlet 61 opens due to rotation of the roller 64, low-pressure refrigerant flows in from the inlet 61 and fills one space (for example, the space 67) of the compression chamber 62 partitioned by the vane 65. When the roller 64 rotates further, the volume of the space 67 becomes smaller and the refrigerant is compressed. When the roller 64 rotates and the discharge port is opened by the high-pressure refrigerant, the refrigerant is discharged from the discharge port. While the refrigerant is being compressed, the inlet 61 opens and low pressure refrigerant enters another space 68 and fills the space 68. It is then compressed in the same way and discharged from the outlet. In this way, the rotary compressor simultaneously takes in and compresses refrigerant.

The cylinder 63 is continuous with the compression chamber 62 and has a fitting part 69 into which the vane 65 is fitted and slid, and a mounting hole (spring hole) 70 into which the spring 66 is mounted.

The spring 66 is a coil spring formed by forming a linear member into a spiral shape, and has a ring shape when viewed from one side in the longitudinal direction. The back side of the vane 65 protrudes into the spring hole 70, and the back side of the vane 65 and the tip of the spring 66 abut, and the spring 66 is fixed in a contracted state.

Next, the flow of refrigerating machine oil will be explained with reference to FIG. Refrigerating machine oil 80 is stored at the bottom of airtight container 30 and below compression mechanism 60 . When the rotating shaft 40 is rotated by the electric motor 50, the roller 64 rotates accordingly, and the refrigerant is compressed. A paddle (oil plate) having a spiral structure is provided inside the rotating shaft 40, and one end of the rotating shaft 40, together with a portion of the lower bearing 71, is immersed in refrigerating machine oil 80. In this example, the oil level 81 of the refrigerating machine oil 80 is located at approximately the middle of the lower bearing 71 in the height direction, as shown by the broken line. The lower bearing 71 is used together with the upper bearing 72 to sandwich the cylinder 63 and fix the cylinder 63 at a predetermined position on the rotating shaft 40 .

The rotation of the rotating shaft 40 causes the paddle 41 to rotate, and the refrigerating machine oil 80 is sucked up by the paddle 41. The rotating shaft 40 is provided with a hole that communicates with the cylinder 63, and refrigerating machine oil 80 is supplied into the cylinder 63 indicated by a broken line through the hole. Specifically, the refrigerating machine oil 80 is supplied between the cylinder 63 and the roller 64, between the cylinder 63 and the vane 65, and further between the rotating shaft 40 and the lower bearing 71, and between the rotating shaft 40 and the upper bearing. It is also supplied between 72 and 72.

When refrigerating machine oil 80 is supplied between rotary shaft 40 and lower bearing 71, it flows between them from the upper side to the lower side and returns to the oil reservoir. Further, when the refrigerating machine oil 80 is supplied between the cylinder 63 and the roller 64 and between the cylinder 63 and the vane 65, a part of the refrigerating machine oil 80 circulates in the refrigerant system together with the refrigerant, and most of the remaining part is supplied to the cylinder 63. The oil falls through the collected collection hole (not shown) and returns to the oil sump.

When the refrigerating machine oil 80 is supplied between the rotating shaft 40 and the upper bearing 72, it flows from the lower side to the upper side between them, and is blown away from the top of the upper bearing 72 in the radial direction by the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 40. . A part of the blown refrigerating machine oil 80 circulates within the refrigerant system together with the refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism 60. Most of the remaining oil falls through a collection hole (not shown) provided at the outer edge of the upper bearing 72 and returns to the oil reservoir.

Here, with reference to FIG. 6, the shape of the bottom chamber employed in a conventional compressor will be described. Conventional bottom chambers have a flat bottom surface. This is because when installing the compressor vertically, if the bottom surface is not flat, it will not be stable and will easily fall over.

When the bottom surface is made flat in this manner, the refrigerating machine oil 80 spreads in the radial direction, and even if a predetermined amount is poured, the oil level becomes low. Therefore, a considerable amount of refrigerating machine oil 80 is required to maintain the oil level at a predetermined height.

The shape of the bottom chamber employed in this compressor is illustrated in FIG. 7(a) is a plan view of the bottom chamber 30c, FIG. 7(b) is a side view of the bottom chamber 30c, and FIG. 7(c) is a cut along the cutting line AA in FIG. 7(a). FIG.

The bottom chamber 30c includes a barrier portion 35 provided at the center of the bottom surface opposite to one end of the rotating shaft 40, that is, the side where the suction port is located, so as to protrude upward, and an airtight container 30 on the outer peripheral side of the barrier portion 35. A recessed portion 36 is formed to have a convex shape toward the inner side of the recessed portion 36 .

The barrier portion 35 is formed into an upwardly protruding mountain shape by providing a depression from the outside in the bottom chamber 30c by pushing a rod-like member having an arc-shaped tip into a position facing the suction port of the rotating shaft 40. ing.

The recessed portion 36 is formed to protrude toward the inside of the airtight container 30 by pushing the outer peripheral side of the barrier portion 35 upward into a ring shape having a constant width, thereby providing a step in the bottom chamber 30c. It is shaped like a staircase. In the example shown in FIG. 7(c), a recessed portion 36 having one step of stairs is formed. The depth length (radial length) of the stairs is such that the corners of the stairs do not come into contact with the lower bearing 71 etc. of the compression mechanism 60, and the stairs are flat except for the barrier part 35 in the center of the bottom chamber 30c. The length can be determined so that the compressor 22 can stand on its own.

Note that the number of steps in the recessed portion 36 is not limited to one as shown in FIG. good. The number of stages can be determined according to the shape of the compression mechanism 60 arranged on the upper side.

With reference to FIG. 9, the barrier portion 35 and the recessed portion 36 will be described in detail. The recessed portion 36 is formed in a portion that becomes a dead space 82 of the stored refrigerating machine oil 80, and reduces the dead space 82. The dead space 82 is a space in the airtight container 30 where the refrigerating machine oil 80 is stored, and is spaced a certain distance in the radial direction from the suction port of the refrigerating machine oil 80 provided on the rotating shaft 40, and does not affect the suction of the refrigerating machine oil 80. It is a space in a position where there is no space. By reducing the dead space 82 in this way, the amount of refrigerating machine oil 80 can be reduced, and costs can be reduced. Note that dead space can be reduced by increasing the height of the stairs of the recessed portion 36 (distance from the bottom surface of the outside of the sealed container 30 to the top of the convex shape when the sealed container 30 has a convex shape toward the inside of the closed container 30). 82 can be further made smaller, and the amount of refrigerating machine oil 80 can be further reduced.

Although the dead space 82 can be reduced by providing the recess 36, since the recess 36 is provided on the outer circumferential side, the depth of the refrigerating machine oil 80 in the center of the bottom facing the suction port is reduced. , is deeper than the outer circumferential side. Then, impurities such as dust in the refrigerating machine oil 80 gather at the center of the bottom surface. Since there is a suction port for the refrigerating machine oil 80 in the center, impurities are also sucked up together with the refrigerating machine oil 80. Refrigerating machine oil 80 is used as a lubricant that reduces friction, but impurities act to increase the friction and reduce the reliability of the compressor.

The barrier portion 35 acts to keep impurities that have gathered in the center in place and to allow only the refrigerating machine oil 80 to flow toward the suction port. This is because the impurities have a higher specific gravity than the refrigerating machine oil 80, and there is only a mountain part of the barrier part 35 directly below the suction port, and the impurities that accumulate at the foot of the mountain are far from the suction port. be.

By providing the barrier portion 35 in addition to the recessed portion 36 in this way, it is possible to provide a compressor with high reliability while reducing the amount of refrigerating machine oil 80. Therefore, it is possible to provide an outdoor unit equipped with this compressor and an air conditioner including the outdoor unit.

The ratio of the height C of the recess 36 to the total height B of the bottom chamber 30c is an index indicating how deep the recess is. When the ratio is 0, it indicates that the bottom surface is flat except for the barrier portion 35 and no depression is formed, and when the ratio is 1, it indicates that the depression is formed up to the total height B. The higher the ratio is, the smaller the dead space 82 becomes and the amount of refrigerating machine oil 80 can be reduced, so it is desirable. In addition, the ratio should be 0.3 (30%) or more, as it cannot be said that the amount of refrigeration oil 80 can be sufficiently reduced with 0.1 (10%) or 0.2 (20%). is desirable.

Moreover, the diameter of the mountain-shaped barrier portion 35 is the largest at the foot of the barrier portion 35 . The barrier portion 35 is formed such that the center of the mountain coincides with the center of the rotating shaft 40 . In order to prevent impurities accumulated at the foot of the mountain from being sucked in from the suction port, the maximum diameter of the barrier portion 35 is made at least larger than the diameter of the suction port, and preferably larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 40.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the shape of the bottom chamber 30c. The barrier portion 35 of the bottom chamber 30c is an outer edge portion 35a of a circular dish-like object that extends diagonally upward with respect to the bottom surface of the bottom chamber 30c. The dish-shaped object is attached to the center of the inner bottom surface of the bottom chamber 30c by a method such as adhesion or welding.

The impurities gather in the center part as if falling down the stairs of the recessed part 36, but cannot move onto the dish-shaped object by the outer edge part 35a extending diagonally upward from the center part to the outer peripheral side in the opposite direction. First, it is accumulated on the lower side of the outer edge portion 35a. In such a structure, even if an attempt is made to suck up impurities together with the refrigerating machine oil 80, the outer edge portion 35a becomes an obstacle and the impurities cannot be sucked up. Therefore, compared to the structure shown in FIG. 7, suction of impurities can be more effectively suppressed.

The angle of the direction in which the outer edge 35a extends with respect to the bottom surface may be any angle as long as the movement of impurities can be appropriately suppressed by the outer edge 35a, and may be, for example, 15° to 90°.

The total height B of the bottom chamber 30c shown in FIG. 10 is higher than that of the bottom chamber 30c shown in FIG. 9, but this is due to the difference in the size of the compressor. In the example shown in FIG. 10, since a large amount of refrigerating machine oil 80 is required, the total height B of the bottom chamber 30c is high.

Up to now, the compressor, outdoor unit, and air conditioner of the present invention have been described in detail using the above-described embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and may include other embodiments or additional embodiments. Modifications such as , modification, deletion, etc. can be made within the range that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, and any embodiment is included in the scope of the present invention as long as the operation and effect of the present invention is achieved.

10... Indoor unit 11... Outdoor unit 12... Piping 20... Fan 21... Heat exchanger 22... Compressor 23... Control board 24... Expansion valve 30... Sealed container 30a... Case 30b... Lid chamber 30c... Bottom chamber 31... Primary space 32... Secondary space 33... Gas-liquid separator 34... Discharge pipe 35... Barrier part 35a... Outer edge 36... Hollow part 40... Rotating shaft 50... Electric motor 51... Stator 52... Rotor 60... Compression mechanism 61... Inflow port 62 …Compression chamber 63…Cylinder 64…Roller 65…Vane 66…Springs 67, 68…Space 69…Fitting part 70…Spring hole 71…Lower bearing 72…Upper bearing 80…Refrigerating machine oil 81…Oil surface 82…Dead space

Claims (6)

A compressor that compresses fluid,
a container in which the fluid is contained;
a rotating shaft disposed within the container;
a compression mechanism disposed within the container and compressing the fluid by rotation of the rotation shaft;
The container stores oil sucked up from one end of the rotating shaft at the bottom below the compression mechanism,
The bottom portion includes a barrier portion formed in a mountain shape so as to be pushed toward the inside of the container and protrude upward at a central portion of the bottom surface facing one end of the rotation shaft, and an outer peripheral side of the barrier portion. The compressor has a concave portion formed to have a convex shape toward the inside of the container , and a flat surface between the barrier portion and the concave portion that enables the compressor to stand on its own. Machine. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the maximum diameter of the mountain-shaped barrier portion is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft. The compressor according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the recessed portion is formed in a step-like manner toward an outer peripheral side of the bottom surface. The container is composed of a hollow case surrounding the rotating shaft and the compression mechanism, a lid chamber that closes the upper part of the case, and a bottom chamber that closes the lower part of the case,
Claim 1: The ratio of the second height from the bottom of the bottom chamber to the top of the recess to the first height from the bottom of the bottom chamber to the top of the recess is 0.3 or more. The compressor according to any one of items 3 to 3 . An outdoor unit comprising the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . An air conditioner comprising the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .