JP7364746B2 - orthogonal laminated board - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to orthogonal laminated boards.

In recent years, the use of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) has been proposed as a new structural building material. CLT is a panel in which multiple lamina layers are laminated and bonded so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other.

CLT has the following advantages. In other words, since the fibers are laminated with the fiber directions perpendicular to each other, it is possible to make large-sized panels with high structural strength, which can be used in medium-sized or larger apartment complexes, offices, commercial facilities, etc. can. In addition, since the panels themselves can be used as walls and floors, construction is simple and can significantly shorten the construction period. It also eliminates the need for craftsmen with specialized skills such as formwork workers, which reduces construction costs due to the lack of formwork workers. It is also effective as a countermeasure against soaring prices.

Patent Document 1 describes a member in which at least one entire layer between a front lamina layer and a back lamina layer of CLT is replaced with a lightweight cellular concrete panel in order to improve fireproofing performance.

JP2016-204958A

Regarding CLT, the Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS) have been established as "orthogonal laminated boards" ("Japanese Agricultural Standards for orthogonal laminated boards", established: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Notification No. 3079, December 20, 2013, final Revised: August 30, 2016, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Notification No. 1640 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "current CLT JAS standard").

However, in the current JAS standard for CLT, a considerable reduction rate is applied to the safety side when setting the standard strength according to the public notice, and the same standards as general laminated wood are required for lamina and adhesive performance. This makes it an excessive standard. For example, in the current JAS standard for CLT, laminas that are adjacent in the width direction may be simply lined up (without being bonded) or may be bonded; however, they are not bonded. Based on such evaluation, the width of the lamina should be at least 1.75 times the thickness for those used in the strong axis direction, and the width of the lamina should be at least 1.75 times the thickness in the weak axis direction It is specified that the thickness is 3.5 times or more the thickness for those used for. Further, the thickness of each lamina is specified to be equal in principle.

In this way, the current JAS standard for CLT has strict standards and uses lamina with uniform dimensions, but when cutting lamina with uniform dimensions, etc., the lumber yield will be low. Therefore, there was a problem in that it was difficult to reduce costs.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points. The object of the invention is to provide a cost-improved orthogonal lamination.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the first aspect of the present invention is
It has a plurality of laminated and bonded lamina layers, each lamina layer is composed of a plurality of lamina arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction,
Among the plurality of lamina layers, the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer located at the outermost layer have a fiber direction along the first axial direction,
A third lamina layer having a fiber direction along a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction is disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer,
The third lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness, and in the third lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other.

According to this aspect, the third lamina layer whose fiber direction is along the second axis direction (weak axis direction) includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness. Therefore, although it deviates from the current JAS standard for CLT, it is possible to use lamina of unequal width that is sawn to achieve the optimum utilization efficiency for each log as the lamina of the third lamina layer. As a result, it is possible to improve the yield of sawn lamina and realize cost reduction of the orthogonal laminated board. In addition, even if the third lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness, the shear strength is improved because the lamina adjacent in the width direction are bonded to each other. It is possible to do so.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the second aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to the first aspect,
The thickness of the first lamina layer is greater than the thickness of each of the one or more lamina layers disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer.

According to this aspect, it is possible to increase the strength of the orthogonal laminated board.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the third aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to the second aspect,
The first lamina layer includes a lamina made of two-by-two material.

According to this aspect, the first lamina layer includes a lamina made of an easily available two-by-piece material, so that further cost reduction is possible.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to the second or third aspect,
The thickness of the second lamina layer is greater than the thickness of each of the one or more lamina layers disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer.

According to this aspect, it is possible to further increase the strength of the orthogonal laminated board.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to the fourth aspect,
The second lamina layer includes a lamina made of two-by-one material.

According to such an embodiment, the second lamina layer includes a lamina made of an easily available two-by-piece material, thereby making it possible to further reduce costs.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to any one of the first to fifth aspects,
The first lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, and in the first lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other.

According to this aspect, the first lamina layer whose fiber direction is along the first axis direction (strong axis direction) includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness. Therefore, although it deviates from the current JAS standard for CLT, it is possible to use lamina of unequal width that is sawn to achieve the optimum utilization efficiency for each log as the lamina of the first lamina layer. This makes it possible to improve the yield of lamina and realize further cost reduction of the orthogonal laminated board. Additionally, even if the first lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, the shear strength is improved by adhering adjacent lamina in the width direction. It is possible to do so.

The orthogonal laminated board according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the orthogonal laminated board according to the sixth aspect,
The second lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, and in the second lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other.

According to this aspect, the second lamina layer whose fiber direction is along the first axis direction (strong axis direction) also includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness. Therefore, although it deviates from the current JAS standard for CLT, it is possible to use lamina of unequal width that is sawn to achieve the optimum utilization efficiency for each log as the lamina of the second lamina layer. This makes it possible to improve the yield of lamina and realize further cost reduction of the orthogonal laminated board. In addition, even if the second lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, the shear strength can be improved by adhering adjacent lamina in the width direction. It is possible to do so.

The construction method according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is
Laying the orthogonal laminated board according to any one of the first to seventh aspects on the steel beam;
pouring concrete on the orthogonal laminated board;
Equipped with

The building according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is
steel beams,
An orthogonal laminated board according to any one of the first to seventh aspects laid on the steel beam;
Concrete poured on the orthogonal laminated board;
Equipped with

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an orthogonal laminated board that is improved in terms of cost.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an orthogonal laminated board according to one embodiment. FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for removing lamina. FIG. 2B is a diagram for explaining another example of a method for removing lamina. FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining an example of how to use the orthogonal laminated board. FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining an example of how to use the orthogonal laminated board. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an orthogonal laminated board according to a modification of the embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each figure, the same reference numerals are given to components having the same function, and detailed explanations of the components with the same reference numerals will not be repeated. In addition, in each figure, for the sake of ease of understanding, the scale, vertical and horizontal dimension ratios, etc. are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual figures.

In this specification, "lamina" refers to the smallest unit of sawn board that constitutes an orthogonal laminated board (sawn board is adjusted by bonding and bonding the fibers in the length direction with the fiber directions almost parallel to each other, and small square lumber is (Includes those bonded in the width direction with the fiber directions parallel to each other and those bonded in the length direction.) A "ply" refers to a layer in which lamina are arranged or bonded in the width direction with their fiber directions substantially parallel to each other, and is also referred to as a "lamina layer." "Strong axis direction" refers to the fiber direction of the outermost ply of the orthogonal laminate. "Weak axis direction" refers to a direction perpendicular to the strong axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board.

<Structure of orthogonal laminated board>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an orthogonal laminated board 10 according to one embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the orthogonal laminated board 10 includes a plurality of lamina layers 11 to 15 laminated and bonded in the thickness direction 43 with their fiber directions perpendicular to each other. Each of the lamina layers 11 to 15 is composed of a plurality of lamina arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction.

In the illustrated example, the fourth lamina layer 14 is laminated and bonded on the second lamina layer 12, the fifth lamina layer 15 is laminated and bonded on the fourth lamina layer 14, and the fifth lamina layer A third lamina layer 13 is laminated and bonded on top of the third lamina layer 15, and a first lamina layer 11 is laminated and bonded on top of the third lamina layer 13.

As shown in FIG. 1, among the plurality of lamina layers 11 to 15, the first lamina layer 11, the second lamina layer 12, and the fifth lamina layer 15 located at the outermost layer are arranged along the first axial direction 41, respectively. It has a different fiber direction. Since the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 are located as the outermost layers, the first axial direction 41, which is the fiber direction thereof, is the strong axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board 10.

Further, between the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12, a third lamina layer 13 and a fourth lamina layer having fiber directions along a second axial direction 42 orthogonal to the first axial direction 41 are provided. 14 are arranged. Since the second axial direction 42 is orthogonal to the first axial direction 41, it is the weak axial direction of the orthogonal laminated board 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first lamina layer 11 has a plurality of laminae 11a to 11d arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction, and the second lamina layer 12 has a plurality of laminas 11a to 11d arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction. The third lamina layer 13 has a plurality of laminas 13a to 13f arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction, and the fourth lamina layer 14 has a plurality of lamina layers 12a to 12d arranged side by side. , the fifth lamina layer 15 has a plurality of laminae 15a to 15d arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction, and the fifth lamina layer 15 has a plurality of laminas 15a to 15d arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction. There is.

FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for removing lamina. In the example shown in FIG. 2, one lamina material 21, two tyco materials 22, two Two interior and exterior materials 23 are sawn. Next, a lamina 24 is sawn from the lamina material 21 by cutting blades at equal intervals along a plurality of transverse cutting lines. As shown in FIG. 2B, a lamina 24 may be sawn from a lamina material 21 by cutting blades at equal intervals along a plurality of longitudinal cutting lines.

According to the wood harvesting method shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the lamina 24 is obtained from the lamina material 21 that is sawn to achieve the optimum utilization efficiency for each log 20, so the width and thickness are not uniform. Although lamina 24 in width will be sawn, 24 pieces of lamina with a width of 24 mm will be sawn, but 24 pieces of lamina with a width of 24 mm will be sawn, but 24 pieces of lamina with a width of 24 mm will be sawn, but 24 pieces of lamina will be cut from the ends, which were previously wasted by being turned into chips after the lumber that was likely to be sold and the dimensions were uniform. Since the tyco wood 22 and the two interior and exterior materials 23 are obtained, the utilization efficiency of the raw wood 20 can be increased, and the lamina 24 with a high lumber yield can be obtained. By using the lamina 24 thus obtained as a lamina for each of the lamina layers 11 to 15, it is possible to reduce the cost of the orthogonal laminated board 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, the thickness of the first lamina layer 11 is greater than the thickness of each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15 arranged between the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12. It may be larger. Specifically, for example, each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15 may have a thickness of 30 mm, while the first lamina layer 11 may have a thickness of 38 mm. The first lamina layer 11 may include a lamina made of two-by-two material.

Similarly, the thickness of the second lamina layer 12 is greater than the thickness of each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15 arranged between the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12. Good too. Specifically, for example, each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15 may have a thickness of 30 mm, while the second lamina layer 12 may have a thickness of 38 mm. The second lamina layer 12 may include a lamina made of two-by-piece material.

According to the findings of the present inventors, the bending performance (strength) of the orthogonal laminated board largely depends on the thickness of the outermost lamina layer. Therefore, since the thickness of the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 located at the outermost layer is greater than the thickness of each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15, the strength of the orthogonal laminated board 10 is increased. becomes possible.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the third lamina layer 13 includes at least one lamina 13c whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness. In the third lamina layer 13, the laminas 13a to 13f adjacent in the width direction are bonded to each other with an adhesive. As the adhesive, for example, a water-based polymer adhesive is used, and more specifically, for example, an isocyanate adhesive or a resorcinol adhesive is used. Even if the third lamina layer 13 includes a lamina 13c whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness, the lamina 13a to 13f adjacent in the width direction are bonded to each other, so that shearing It is possible to improve the yield strength.

Similarly, the fourth lamina layer 14 includes at least one lamina 14d whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness. ~14f may be bonded together with an adhesive. Even if the fourth lamina layer 14 includes a lamina 14d whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness, the lamina 14a to 14f adjacent to each other in the width direction are bonded to each other, so that shearing is prevented. It is possible to improve the yield strength.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first lamina layer 11 includes at least one lamina 11b whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness. In the first lamina layer 11, the laminas 11a to 11d adjacent in the width direction are bonded to each other with an adhesive. Even if the first lamina layer 11 includes a lamina 11b whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, the lamina 11a to 11d adjacent to each other in the width direction are bonded to each other, so that shearing It is possible to improve the yield strength.

Similarly, the second lamina layer 12 includes at least one lamina 12c whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness. ~12d may be bonded together with an adhesive. Even if the second lamina layer 12 includes a lamina 12c whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, the lamina 12a to 12d adjacent to each other in the width direction are bonded to each other, so that shearing It is possible to improve the yield strength.

<How to use orthogonal laminated board>
Next, a method of using the orthogonal laminated board 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B.

First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the orthogonal laminated board 10 is laid on the steel beam 31 in the steel structure of the building 30.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, reinforcing bars 32 are placed on the orthogonal laminated board 10, and then concrete 33 is placed on the orthogonal laminated board 10. Thereby, a CLT-RC composite slab floor can be constructed. Note that the reference numeral 39 indicates a headed stud.

By the way, as mentioned in the problem to be solved by the invention, the current JAS standard for CLT has strict standards and uses lamina with uniform dimensions. When cutting wood, there is a problem in that it is difficult to reduce costs because the yield of sawn wood is low.

In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the third lamina layer 13 whose fiber direction is along the second axis direction 42 (weak axis direction) has a length in the width direction that is less than 3.5 times the thickness. Although it deviates from the current JAS standard for CLT because it contains the lamina 13c, the lamina 13a to 13f of the third lamina layer 13 are made of unequal width lumber that is sawn to achieve the optimum utilization efficiency for each log. It becomes possible to use lamina. As a result, the sawn yield of the laminae 13a to 13f can be improved, and the cost of the orthogonal laminated board 10 can be reduced. Further, even if the third lamina layer 13 includes a lamina 13c whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness, since the lamina 13a to 13f adjacent in the width direction are bonded to each other, , it is possible to improve shear strength.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the thickness of the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 located at the outermost layer is larger than the thickness of each of the third to fifth lamina layers 13 to 15, It is possible to increase the strength of the orthogonal laminated board 10.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 include lamina made of easily available two-by-two material, so that further cost reduction is possible.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 whose fiber directions are along the first axis direction 41 (strong axis direction) have a length in the width direction equal to the thickness. Although it deviates from the current JAS standard for CLT because it contains laminae 11b and 12c that are less than .75 times as thick as the original wood, each raw wood is This makes it possible to use lamina of unequal widths, which are sawn to achieve optimal utilization efficiency. This makes it possible to improve the yield of lamina and realize further cost reduction of the orthogonal laminated board 10. Furthermore, even if the first lamina layer 11 and the second lamina layer 12 include lamina 11b, 12c whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, the lamina 11a to 11d adjacent in the width direction , 12a to 12d are bonded to each other, it is possible to improve the shear strength.

In the orthogonal laminated board 10 according to the embodiment described above, the first to fifth lamina layers 11 to 15 are laminated with their fiber directions perpendicular to each other, resulting in a total structure of 5 layers and 5 plies. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, like the orthogonal laminated board 10' shown in FIG. A lamina layer 16 is stacked and arranged, and a first axial direction 4 is provided between the second lamina layer 12 and the fourth lamina layer 14.
The seventh lamina layer 17 having a fiber direction along the strong axis direction 1 (strong axis direction) is arranged in a laminated manner, and the overall structure may be 5 layers and 7 plies.

Further, although not shown, the fourth lamina layer 14 and the fifth lamina layer 15 may be omitted from the orthogonal laminated board 10 according to the embodiment described above, and the overall structure may be three layers and three plies. However, from the orthogonal laminated board 10 according to the embodiment described above, only the fourth lamina layer 14 may be omitted, resulting in a three-layer, four-ply structure as a whole.

Note that the descriptions of the embodiments and individual modifications described above and the disclosure of the drawings are merely examples for explaining the invention described in the claims, and the disclosures of the embodiments and individual modifications described above are merely examples for explaining the invention described in the claims. The invention described in the claims is not limited by the disclosure of the description or drawings. The components of the embodiments and individual modifications described above can be combined as desired without departing from the spirit of the invention.

10, 10' Orthogonal laminated board 11 First lamina layer 11a-11d Lamina 12 of the first lamina layer 2nd lamina layer 12a-12d Lamina 13 of the second lamina layer 3rd lamina layer 13a-13f Lamina 14 of the third lamina layer Fourth lamina layer 14a to 14f Fourth lamina layer 15 Fifth lamina layer 15a to 15d Fifth lamina layer 16 Sixth lamina layer 17 Seventh lamina layer 20 Log 21 Lamina material 22 Tyco material 23 Interior/exterior material 24 Lamina 30 Building 31 Steel beam 32 Rebar 33 Concrete 39 Headed stud 41 First axial direction 42 Second axial direction 43 Thickness direction

Claims (8)

It has a plurality of laminated and bonded lamina layers, each lamina layer being composed of a plurality of lamina arranged side by side in the width direction,
Among the plurality of lamina layers, the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer located at the outermost layer have a fiber direction along the first axial direction,
A third lamina layer having a fiber direction along a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction is disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer,
The third lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 3.5 times the thickness,
The thickness of the first lamina layer is greater than the thickness of each of the one or more lamina layers disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer,
The third lamina layer includes at least a first lamina and a second lamina whose length in the width direction is shorter than the first lamina.
Orthogonal laminated board characterized by: In the third lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other,
The orthogonal laminated board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third lamina layer further includes a third lamina having a widthwise length shorter than that of the second lamina.
The orthogonal laminated board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the second lamina layer is greater than the thickness of each of one or more lamina layers disposed between the first lamina layer and the second lamina layer. 3. The orthogonal laminated board according to any one of 3. The first lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, and in the first lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other.
The orthogonal laminated board according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second lamina layer includes a lamina whose length in the width direction is less than 1.75 times the thickness, and in the second lamina layer, adjacent lamina in the width direction are bonded to each other.
The orthogonal laminated board according to claim 5, characterized in that: Laying the orthogonal laminated board according to any one of claims 1 to 6 on a steel beam;
pouring concrete on the orthogonal laminated board;
A construction method with steel beams,
The orthogonal laminated board according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is laid on the steel beam;
Concrete poured on the orthogonal laminated board;
A building with.