JP7362871B2 - Eyepiece optical system and observation device having the same - Google Patents
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 83
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Description
本発明は、接眼光学系及びそれを有する観察装置に関し、例えばビデオカメラ、スチルカメラ、放送用カメラに用いられる電子ビューファインダーにおいて、画像表示素子の画像表示面に表示される画像を観察するのに好適なものである。 The present invention relates to an eyepiece optical system and an observation device having the same, and is used for observing images displayed on the image display surface of an image display element in, for example, an electronic viewfinder used in a video camera, still camera, or broadcast camera. It is suitable.
従来、ビデオカメラ、スチルカメラ等の撮像装置(カメラ)に用いられている電子ビューファインダー(観察装置)においては、液晶画面等に表示した画像を拡大観察する為に接眼光学系が用いられている。電子ビューファインダーにおいて、画像表示面を視認性が良く、見やすくするには、観察倍率が高く、しかもアイレリーフが長いこと等が必要になってくる。 Conventionally, in electronic viewfinders (observation devices) used in imaging devices (cameras) such as video cameras and still cameras, an eyepiece optical system is used to magnify and observe images displayed on LCD screens, etc. . In an electronic viewfinder, in order to make the image display surface highly visible and easy to see, it is necessary to have a high observation magnification and a long eye relief.
更に観察装置の小型化の要望より、観察装置に用いる画像表示素子は小さな寸法(例えば対角長で20mm以下)であることが要求されている。 Furthermore, due to the desire to downsize observation devices, the image display elements used in observation devices are required to have small dimensions (for example, 20 mm or less in diagonal length).
従来、観察倍率の高い接眼光学系が種々と提案されている(特許文献1乃至3)。 Conventionally, various eyepiece optical systems with high observation magnification have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
特許文献1では、画像表示素子側より観察側に向かって、正の屈折力の第1レンズ、負の屈折力の第2レンズ、正又は負の屈折力の第3レンズ、正の屈折力の第4レンズよりなる接眼光学系を開示している。 In Patent Document 1, from the image display element side toward the observation side, a first lens with a positive refractive power, a second lens with a negative refractive power, a third lens with a positive or negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power are arranged. An eyepiece optical system including a fourth lens is disclosed.
特許文献1では、全系の小型化を図りつつ、諸収差を良好に補正するために、少なくとも2枚の正の屈折力のレンズ、少なくとも1枚の負の屈折力のレンズ、そして回折光学素子を用いている。 In Patent Document 1, in order to appropriately correct various aberrations while reducing the size of the entire system, at least two lenses with positive refractive power, at least one lens with negative refractive power, and a diffractive optical element are used. is used.
また、特許文献2では、負の屈折力のレンズ群と、正の屈折面のレンズ群よりなる内視鏡用接眼レンズを開示している。 Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an eyepiece for an endoscope that includes a lens group with a negative refractive power and a lens group with a positive refractive surface.
また、特許文献3では、画像表示素子側より観察側へ順に、両凸形状で、正の屈折力の第1レンズ、負の屈折力の第2レンズ、正の屈折力の第3レンズと、正の屈折力の第4レンズからなる接眼光学系を開示している。特許文献3では高い観察倍率を有しつつ、諸収差が良好に補正された接眼光学系を開示している。 Further, in Patent Document 3, in order from the image display element side to the observation side, a first lens having a biconvex shape and having a positive refractive power, a second lens having a negative refractive power, and a third lens having a positive refractive power, An eyepiece optical system comprising a fourth lens with positive refractive power is disclosed. Patent Document 3 discloses an eyepiece optical system in which various aberrations are well corrected while having a high observation magnification.
観察装置に用いられる接眼光学系において、観察倍率が高く、しかもアイレリーフを長く確保するには、接眼光学系のレンズ構成及び各レンズの屈折力等を適切に設定することが重要になってくる。この他、小型の画像表示面を用いるときは、画像表示面の大きさに対する接眼光学系の屈折力の比等を適切に設定することが重要になってくる。 In the eyepiece optical system used in observation devices, in order to ensure high observation magnification and long eye relief, it is important to appropriately set the lens configuration of the eyepiece optical system and the refractive power of each lens. . In addition, when using a small image display surface, it is important to appropriately set the ratio of the refractive power of the eyepiece optical system to the size of the image display surface.
特許文献1に開示された画像表示装置用の接眼レンズは、曲面パネルや回折光学素子、高屈折率材料を使用することによって、高い観察倍率を確保しつつ、諸収差を補正している。そのため光学性能や仕様は確保しやすいが、製造が困難になる傾向があった。 The eyepiece for an image display device disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a curved panel, a diffractive optical element, and a high refractive index material to correct various aberrations while ensuring high observation magnification. For this reason, it was easy to ensure optical performance and specifications, but manufacturing tended to be difficult.
特許文献2に開示されている内視鏡用接眼レンズは、高屈折率材料のレンズと非球面レンズを使用することによってレンズ枚数を減らし、高い観察倍率を確保している。しかしながら、高屈折率の材料を多用しているため、製造が難しくなる傾向があった。 The endoscope eyepiece disclosed in Patent Document 2 uses a lens made of a high refractive index material and an aspherical lens to reduce the number of lenses and ensure high observation magnification. However, since many materials with high refractive index are used, manufacturing tends to be difficult.
特許文献3に開示された接眼光学系では比較的低屈折率の材料を使用し、高い観察倍率を確保している。しかし、高倍率化のために光線を跳ね上げる第1レンズ面と第2レンズ面のレンズ面の曲率がきつくなり、急激に光線が変化する形状をしている。このために像面湾曲が発生しやすい。 The eyepiece optical system disclosed in Patent Document 3 uses a material with a relatively low refractive index to ensure high observation magnification. However, in order to increase the magnification, the curvature of the first lens surface and the second lens surface, which bounce the light rays, becomes steeper, resulting in a shape in which the light rays change rapidly. For this reason, field curvature is likely to occur.
また、非球面を多用することで諸収差の補正を容易にしているため、製造が複雑になる傾向があった。 In addition, since various aberrations are easily corrected by using many aspherical surfaces, manufacturing tends to become complicated.
本発明は、諸収差を良好に抑え高い光学性能を確保しつつ、製造が容易でしかも高視野の観察が容易な接眼光学系の提供を目的としている。 An object of the present invention is to provide an eyepiece optical system that can suppress various aberrations well, ensure high optical performance, be easy to manufacture, and facilitate observation with a wide field of view.
本発明の接眼光学系は、画像表示面に表示された画像を観察するための接眼光学系であって、画像表示面側から観察側へ順に配置された、正の屈折力の第1レンズ、負の屈折力の第2レンズ、正の屈折力の第3レンズ、正の屈折力の第4レンズより構成され、前記第1レンズ乃至前記第4レンズの各レンズの材料のd線における屈折率の平均値をNda、前記第1レンズの観察側のレンズ面の曲率半径をL1R2、前記第2レンズの画像表示面側のレンズ面の曲率半径をL2R1、前記第3レンズと前記第4レンズの合成焦点距離をf34、前記接眼光学系の焦点距離をfとするとき、
1.520≦Nda≦1.730
-5.2≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0
0.77≦f34/f≦1.30
なる条件式を満たすことを特徴としている。
The eyepiece optical system of the present invention is an eyepiece optical system for observing an image displayed on an image display surface, and includes a first lens with a positive refractive power disposed in order from the image display surface side to the observation side; Consisting of a second lens with negative refractive power, a third lens with positive refractive power, and a fourth lens with positive refractive power, the refractive index at the d-line of the material of each lens of the first lens to the fourth lens The average value of is Nda, the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the viewing side of the first lens is L1R2, the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the image display surface side of the second lens is L2R1, and the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the image display side of the second lens is L2R1. When the combined focal length is f34 and the focal length of the eyepiece optical system is f,
1.520≦Nda≦1.730
-5.2 ≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0
0.77 ≦f34/f≦1.30
It is characterized by satisfying the following conditional expression.
本発明によれば、諸収差を良好に抑え高い光学性能を確保しつつ、製造が容易でしかも高視野の観察が容易な接眼光学系が得られる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an eyepiece optical system that can suppress various aberrations well, ensure high optical performance, be easy to manufacture, and facilitate observation with a wide field of view.
以下、本発明の接眼光学系及びそれを有する観察装置について説明する。本発明の接眼光学系は、画像表示面に表示された画像を観察するための接眼光学系である。接眼光学系は画像表示面側から観察側へ順に配置された、正の屈折力の第1レンズ、負の屈折力の第2レンズ、第3レンズ、正の屈折力の第4レンズより構成されている。 Hereinafter, an eyepiece optical system of the present invention and an observation device having the same will be explained. The eyepiece optical system of the present invention is an eyepiece optical system for observing an image displayed on an image display surface. The eyepiece optical system is composed of a first lens with positive refractive power, a second lens with negative refractive power, a third lens with negative refractive power, and a fourth lens with positive refractive power, which are arranged in order from the image display side to the observation side. ing.
図1は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例1のレンズ断面図である。図2は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例1の視度が-1.0ディオプター(標準視度)における収差図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of Example 1 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an aberration diagram of Example 1 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter (standard diopter).
図3は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例2のレンズ断面図である。図4は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例2の視度が-1.0ディオプターにおける収差図である。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of Example 2 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an aberration diagram of Example 2 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter.
図5は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例3のレンズ断面図である。図6は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例3の視度が-1.0ディオプターにおける収差図である。 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of Example 3 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an aberration diagram of Example 3 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter.
図7は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例4のレンズ断面図である。図8は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例4の視度が-1.0ディオプターにおける収差図である。 FIG. 7 is a lens sectional view of Example 4 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an aberration diagram of Example 4 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter.
図9は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例5のレンズ断面図である。図10は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例5の視度が-1.0ディオプターにおける収差図である。 FIG. 9 is a lens sectional view of Example 5 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an aberration diagram of Example 5 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter.
図11は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例6のレンズ断面図である。図12は本発明の接眼光学系の実施例6の視度が-1.0ディオプターにおける収差図である。 FIG. 11 is a lens sectional view of Example 6 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention. FIG. 12 is an aberration diagram of Example 6 of the eyepiece optical system of the present invention when the diopter is -1.0 diopter.
各実施例の接眼光学系は、デジタルカメラやビデオカメラ等の撮像装置の電子ビューファインダー(観察装置)に用いられる。レンズ断面図において左方は画像表示面側、右方は観察側(射出瞳側)である。レンズ断面図においてL0は接眼光学系である。Liは第iレンズである。IPは液晶又は有機EL等よりなる画像表示素子の画像表示面である。EPは観察のための観察面(アイポイント)(射出瞳)である。CG1はカバーガラスである。 The eyepiece optical system of each embodiment is used in an electronic viewfinder (observation device) of an imaging device such as a digital camera or a video camera. In the cross-sectional view of the lens, the left side is the image display surface side, and the right side is the observation side (exit pupil side). In the lens cross-sectional view, L0 is an eyepiece optical system. Li is the i-th lens. IP is an image display surface of an image display element made of liquid crystal, organic EL, or the like. EP is an observation plane (eye point) (exit pupil) for observation. CG1 is a cover glass.
各収差図のうち球面収差図において、実線のdはd線(波長587.6nm)、点線のFはF線(波長486.1nm)を示す。非点収差図においてΔSdはd線のサジタル像面、ΔMdはd線のメリディオナル像面を示す。ΔSFはF線のサジタル像面、ΔMFはF線のメリディオナル像面を示す。歪曲はd線について示している。倍率色収差はF線について示している。Hは画像表示面の対角線長の半分(最大像高)である。数値は後述する数値データをmm単位で表したときの値である。 In each aberration diagram, in the spherical aberration diagram, the solid line d indicates the d-line (wavelength 587.6 nm), and the dotted line F indicates the F-line (wavelength 486.1 nm). In the astigmatism diagram, ΔSd indicates the sagittal image plane of the d-line, and ΔMd indicates the meridional image plane of the d-line. ΔSF indicates the sagittal image plane of the F-line, and ΔMF indicates the meridional image plane of the F-line. Distortion is shown for the d-line. Lateral chromatic aberration is shown for the F-line. H is half the diagonal length of the image display surface (maximum image height). The numerical value is a value when the numerical data mentioned later is expressed in mm units.
画像表示素子の画像表示面の対角線長が約20mm以下の小型の画像表示面(表示パネル)を大きな観察視野(視野角約30度以上)で観察するためには、接眼光学系全体で強い正の屈折力(パワー)を持つ必要がある。そのためには、接眼光学系を構成する各レンズに強い正の屈折力、負の屈折力が必要になる。そうすると多く場合、像面湾曲、倍率色収差が増大し、これらの諸収差の補正が難しくなる。 In order to observe a small image display surface (display panel) with a diagonal length of about 20 mm or less of the image display surface of the image display element with a large viewing field (viewing angle of about 30 degrees or more), a strong positive correction is required in the entire eyepiece optical system. It is necessary to have a refractive power (power) of For this purpose, each lens constituting the eyepiece optical system must have strong positive and negative refractive powers. In many cases, this increases field curvature and lateral chromatic aberration, making it difficult to correct these various aberrations.
そこで、各実施例に係る接眼光学系では、各レンズ断面図に示すように、画像表示面IP側(物体側)より観察面(アイポイント)EP側に順に、4つのレンズ群より構成している。具体的には、正の屈折力の第1レンズL1、負の屈折力の第2レンズL2、正または負の屈折力の第3レンズL3、正の屈折力の第4レンズL4によって構成している。 Therefore, the eyepiece optical system according to each embodiment is composed of four lens groups in order from the image display surface IP side (object side) to the observation surface (eye point) EP side, as shown in each lens cross-sectional view. There is. Specifically, it is composed of a first lens L1 with positive refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, a third lens L3 with positive or negative refractive power, and a fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. There is.
各実施例において観察面EPは、画像表示面IPの最周辺からの光線が観測者の瞳を通過する範囲内であれば光軸方向に移動しても良い。また、レンズ最終面(第4レンズL4の観察側の面)から観察面EPまでの距離をアイレリーフとする。カバーガラスは画像表示面IPやレンズを保護するプレートであり、画像表示面IPからレンズの間やレンズと観察面EPの間に設けても良いし、また必ずしも設置しなくても良い。 In each embodiment, the observation plane EP may be moved in the optical axis direction as long as the light rays from the most peripheral part of the image display plane IP pass through the observer's pupil. Further, the distance from the final lens surface (observation side surface of the fourth lens L4) to the observation surface EP is defined as an eye relief. The cover glass is a plate that protects the image display surface IP and the lens, and may be provided between the image display surface IP and the lens or between the lens and the observation surface EP, or may not necessarily be provided.
本発明の接眼レンズL0において、第1レンズL1乃至第4レンズL4の各レンズの材料のd線における屈折率の平均値をNdaとする。第1レンズL1の観察側のレンズ面の曲率半径をL1R2、第2レンズL2の画像表示面側のレンズ面の曲率半径をL2R1とする。第3レンズL3と第4レンズL4の合成焦点距離をf34とする。接眼光学系の焦点距離をfとする。 In the eyepiece L0 of the present invention, the average value of the refractive index at the d-line of the material of each of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 is assumed to be Nda. Let L1R2 be the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the observation side of the first lens L1, and L2R1 be the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the image display surface side of the second lens L2. Let f34 be the combined focal length of the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4. Let f be the focal length of the eyepiece optical system.
このとき、
1.520≦Nda≦1.730 ・・・(1)
-15.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0 ・・・(2)
0.68≦f34/f≦1.30 ・・・(3)
なる条件式を満たす。
At this time,
1.520≦Nda≦1.730 (1)
-15.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0...(2)
0.68≦f34/f≦1.30 (3)
satisfies the conditional expression.
次に前述の各条件式の技術的意味について説明する。 Next, the technical meaning of each of the above conditional expressions will be explained.
条件式(1)は、第1レンズL1乃至第4レンズL4の各レンズの材料のd線における屈折率の平均値を規定している。条件式(1)の上限を超えて、各レンズの材料の屈折率が高くなると、全系のパワーを強くすることが出来、高い観察倍率を得るのが(高視野角化)容易になる。しかしながら、高い屈折率の材料としては、例えばガラス等を多用しなければならず、製造が難しくなる。また、下限値を下回り各レンズの材料の屈折率が低くなると、全系の屈折力が弱くなり、高視野角化するのが困難になる。 Conditional expression (1) defines the average value of the refractive index at the d-line of the material of each of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4. When the refractive index of the material of each lens increases beyond the upper limit of conditional expression (1), the power of the entire system can be increased, and it becomes easier to obtain a high observation magnification (increase the viewing angle). However, as a material with a high refractive index, for example, glass or the like must be used frequently, which makes manufacturing difficult. Furthermore, when the refractive index of the material of each lens becomes lower than the lower limit, the refractive power of the entire system becomes weaker, making it difficult to achieve a wide viewing angle.
条件式(2)は、第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2との間で形成される空気レンズの形状を規定している。条件式(2)は高い観察倍率を保ちつつ像面湾曲を良好に補正する為のものである。各実施例では高い観察倍率を得るために第1レンズL1から射出される光線を、第2レンズL2で跳ね上げている。この条件式(2)の、下限値を下回ると第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2間で光線の曲がりが急になりすぎる為、諸収差の補正、特に像面湾曲の収差が困難になる。上限値を上回ると光線の跳ね上げが不十分になり、高い観察倍率を得るのが困難になる。 Conditional expression (2) defines the shape of the air lens formed between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2. Conditional expression (2) is intended to satisfactorily correct field curvature while maintaining a high observation magnification. In each embodiment, in order to obtain high observation magnification, the light beam emitted from the first lens L1 is bounced up by the second lens L2. If the lower limit of conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the bending of the light ray between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 becomes too steep, making it difficult to correct various aberrations, especially curvature of field. If the upper limit is exceeded, the light beam will not bounce up enough, making it difficult to obtain high observation magnification.
条件式(3)は、第3レンズL3と第4レンズL4とからなる合成系の合成焦点距離と全系の焦点距離を規定している。条件式(3)の上限を越えると合成系の正の屈折力が弱くなり高い観察倍率を得るのが困難になる。条件式(3)の下限値を下回ると、合成系の正の屈折力が強くなり、十分な長さのアイレリーフを確保するのが困難になり、画像表示面の良好なる観察が困難になる。 Conditional expression (3) defines the composite focal length of the composite system consisting of the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 and the focal length of the entire system. When the upper limit of conditional expression (3) is exceeded, the positive refractive power of the composite system becomes weak and it becomes difficult to obtain a high observation magnification. If the lower limit of conditional expression (3) is not reached, the positive refractive power of the composite system will become strong, making it difficult to secure an eye relief of sufficient length, making it difficult to observe the image display surface well. .
好ましくは条件式(1)乃至(3)の数値範囲を次の如く設定するのが良い。
1.550≦Nda≦1.730 ・・・(1a)
-12.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0・・・(2a)
0.68≦f34/f≦1.25 ・・・(3a)
Preferably, the numerical ranges of conditional expressions (1) to (3) are set as follows.
1.550≦Nda≦1.730 (1a)
-12.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0...(2a)
0.68≦f34/f≦1.25 (3a)
更に好ましくは条件式(1a)乃至(3a)の数値範囲を次の如く設定するのが良い。
1.550≦Nda≦1.700 ・・・(1b)
-10.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0・・・(2b)
0.70≦f34/f≦1.25 ・・・(3b)
More preferably, the numerical ranges of conditional expressions (1a) to (3a) are set as follows.
1.550≦Nda≦1.700 (1b)
-10.0≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0...(2b)
0.70≦f34/f≦1.25 (3b)
以上のように、本発明によれば高い観察倍率で高い光学性能を有した電子ビューファインダーに最適な接眼光学系を得ることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an eyepiece optical system that is optimal for an electronic viewfinder and has high observation magnification and high optical performance.
各実施例において更に好ましくは次の条件式のうち1つ以上を満足するのが良い。第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2の光軸上の間隔をd3、第2レンズ群L2と第3レンズL3の光軸上の間隔をd5とする。画像を表示する画像表示素子と、画像表示素子の画像表示面IPに表示される画像を観察するために用いられる接眼光学系を有する観察装置においては、画像表示素子の画像表示面の対角線長の半分をPNとする。画像表示面IPから第1レンズL1の画像表示面側のレンズ面までの光軸上の距離をd1とする。 In each embodiment, it is more preferable that one or more of the following conditional expressions be satisfied. The distance between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 on the optical axis is d3, and the distance between the second lens group L2 and the third lens L3 on the optical axis is d5. In an observation device having an image display element that displays an image and an eyepiece optical system used to observe the image displayed on the image display surface IP of the image display element, the diagonal length of the image display surface of the image display element is Let half be PN. Let d1 be the distance on the optical axis from the image display surface IP to the lens surface of the first lens L1 on the image display surface side.
このとき次の条件式のうち1つ以上を満足するのが良い。
0.00≦d5/d3≦0.75 ・・・(4)
0.25<PN/f<0.55 ・・・(5)
0.0≦d1/f<0.8 ・・・(6)
At this time, it is preferable that one or more of the following conditional expressions be satisfied.
0.00≦d5/d3≦0.75 (4)
0.25<PN/f<0.55...(5)
0.0≦d1/f<0.8 (6)
次に前述の各条件式の技術的意味について説明する。条件式(4)は第2レンズL2と第3レンズL3の間隔に対する第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2の間隔の比を規定している。条件式(4)は大きな観察倍率を得つつ、倍率色収差を良好に補正するためのものである。 Next, the technical meaning of each of the above conditional expressions will be explained. Conditional expression (4) defines the ratio of the distance between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to the distance between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3. Conditional expression (4) is intended to satisfactorily correct lateral chromatic aberration while obtaining a large observation magnification.
条件式(4)の上限値を超えて、第2レンズL2と第3レンズL3の間隔が大きくなると、倍率色収差の補正が困難になる。また、第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2の間隔が狭くなると第2レンズL2へ入射する光束の光線角がきつくなり、特に像高の高いところでの像面湾曲が増大してくる。下限値を下回り、第1レンズL1と第2レンズL2の間隔が広がると、第2レンズに入射する光線高さが低くなる為、光線を跳ね上げ高い観察視野倍率を得ることが困難になる。 If the upper limit of conditional expression (4) is exceeded and the distance between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 increases, it becomes difficult to correct lateral chromatic aberration. Furthermore, when the distance between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 becomes narrower, the ray angle of the light beam incident on the second lens L2 becomes tighter, and the curvature of field increases especially at a high image height. When the distance between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 becomes larger than the lower limit value, the height of the light rays incident on the second lens becomes lower, making it difficult to bounce the light rays and obtain a high viewing field magnification.
条件式(5)は、画像表示素子の画像表示面の対角線長の半分と全系の焦点距離の比を規定している。条件式(5)は長いアイレリーフを確保しつつ、高い観察倍率を確保するためのものである。この条件式(5)の上限を超えて全系の焦点距離が短くなると、高い観察倍率には有利だが、高い光学性能の確保が難しくなる。条件式(5)の下限値を下回ると、全系の屈折力が弱くなり、高い観察倍率を確保することが難しくなる。 Conditional expression (5) defines the ratio between half the diagonal length of the image display surface of the image display element and the focal length of the entire system. Conditional expression (5) is for ensuring a high observation magnification while ensuring a long eye relief. If the focal length of the entire system becomes short by exceeding the upper limit of conditional expression (5), it is advantageous for high observation magnification, but it becomes difficult to ensure high optical performance. When the lower limit of conditional expression (5) is exceeded, the refractive power of the entire system becomes weak, making it difficult to secure a high observation magnification.
条件式(6)は、画像表示素子の画像表示面から第1レンズL1の画像表示面側のレンズ面までの光軸上の長さと、全系の焦点距離を規定する。上限を越えると、画像表示面から第1レンズの画像表示面側のレンズ面までの間隔が広がるため、全系の小型化が困難になる。 Conditional expression (6) defines the length on the optical axis from the image display surface of the image display element to the lens surface on the image display surface side of the first lens L1 and the focal length of the entire system. If the upper limit is exceeded, the distance from the image display surface to the lens surface of the first lens on the image display surface side increases, making it difficult to downsize the entire system.
好ましくは条件式(4)乃至(6)の数値範囲を次の如く設定するのが良い。
0.0≦d5/d3≦0.6 ・・・(4a)
0.25<PN/f<0.50 ・・・(5a)
0.00≦d1/f<0.60 ・・・(6a)
Preferably, the numerical ranges of conditional expressions (4) to (6) are set as follows.
0.0≦d5/d3≦0.6 (4a)
0.25<PN/f<0.50...(5a)
0.00≦d1/f<0.60 (6a)
更に好ましくは条件式(4a)乃至(6a)の数値範囲を次の如く設定するのが良い。
0.0≦d5/d3≦0.5 ・・・(4b)
0.25<PN/f<0.45 ・・・(5b)
0.00≦d1/f<0.55 ・・・(6b)
More preferably, the numerical ranges of conditional expressions (4a) to (6a) are set as follows.
0.0≦d5/d3≦0.5 (4b)
0.25<PN/f<0.45...(5b)
0.00≦d1/f<0.55 (6b)
以上、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定されず、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形及び変更が可能である。 Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the invention.
以下に本発明の各実施例に対応する数値データを示す。数値データにおいて、ωは視度が-1ディオプター(標準視度)時の見かけ視野(半画角)を示す。画像表示面IPから観察側EPへ順に「ri」は第i番目の面の近軸曲率半径を示す。「di」は画像表示面IPから順に第i番目の面と第i+1番目の面との間の軸上面間隔を示す。さらに、「Ndi」は第i番目の材料のd線(波長=578.6nm)に対する屈折率を示し、「νdi」は第i番目の材料のd線に対するアッベ数を示す。r0は画像表示面IP、r9、r10はカバーガラスである。 Numerical data corresponding to each example of the present invention is shown below. In the numerical data, ω indicates the apparent visual field (half angle of view) when the diopter is −1 diopter (standard diopter). "ri" indicates the paraxial curvature radius of the i-th surface in order from the image display surface IP to the viewing side EP. "di" indicates the axial distance between the i-th surface and the i+1-th surface in order from the image display surface IP. Further, "Ndi" indicates the refractive index of the i-th material with respect to the d-line (wavelength = 578.6 nm), and "νdi" indicates the Abbe number of the i-th material with respect to the d-line. r0 is an image display surface IP, and r9 and r10 are cover glasses.
なお、数値データでは、記載されている長さの単位は、特記の無い場合[mm]が使われている。ただし、光学系は、比例拡大または比例縮小しても同等の光学性能が得られるので、単位は[mm]に限定されることなく、他の適当な単位を用いることが出来る。なお、数値データにおいて近軸曲率半径の欄に「*」の添え字が書かれている面は次の数1式によって定義される非球面形状である。 In addition, in the numerical data, the unit of length described is [mm] unless otherwise specified. However, since the optical system can obtain the same optical performance even if it is proportionally enlarged or reduced, the unit is not limited to [mm], and other suitable units can be used. In addition, in the numerical data, a surface with a subscript "*" written in the column of paraxial radius of curvature is an aspheric surface defined by the following equation 1.
なお、(数1式)において、xはレンズ面の頂点からの光軸方向の距離、hは光軸と垂直な方向の高さ、Rはレンズ面の頂点での近軸曲率半径、kは円錐定数、c2、c4、c6は多項式係数である。非球面係数において、「E-i」は10を底とする指数表現、すなわち「10-i」を表している。 In (Equation 1), x is the distance in the optical axis direction from the apex of the lens surface, h is the height in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, R is the paraxial radius of curvature at the apex of the lens surface, and k is the The conic constants c2, c4, c6 are polynomial coefficients. In the aspherical coefficient, "E-i" represents an exponential expression with a base of 10, that is, "10-i".
以上、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定されず、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形及び変更が可能である。 Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the invention.
[数値データ1]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
18.97 12.6 35.0
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
r1 553.90 d2 3.30 1.821 42.7
*r2 -14.37 d3 2.84
*r4 -7.18 d4 1.65 1.636 23.9
r5 -50.31 d5 0.62
*r6 -31.65 d6 2.63 1.592 67.0
r7 -16.79 d7 0.22
r8 50.42 d8 6.50 1.535 55.7
*r9 -13.05 d9 可変
r10 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r11 0.00 d11 23.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6 C8
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.88E-05 3.65E-08 0.00E+00
r3 -8.22E-01 0.00E+00 -9.72E-05 -9.34E-07 0.00E+00
r5 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.10E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -2.30E+00 0.00E+00 -4.87E-05 2.14E-07 -2.73E-10
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 7.76 6.66 8.15 7.42
d9 1.51 2.60 1.12 1.85
[Numerical data 1]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
18.97 12.6 35.0
Lens data Surface Paraxial radius of curvature On-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
r1 553.90 d2 3.30 1.821 42.7
*r2 -14.37 d3 2.84
*r4 -7.18 d4 1.65 1.636 23.9
r5 -50.31 d5 0.62
*r6 -31.65 d6 2.63 1.592 67.0
r7 -16.79 d7 0.22
r8 50.42 d8 6.50 1.535 55.7
*r9 -13.05 d9 variable
r10 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r11 0.00 d11 23.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient k C2 C4 C6 C8
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.88E-05 3.65E-08 0.00E+00
r3 -8.22E-01 0.00E+00 -9.72E-05 -9.34E-07 0.00E+00
r5 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.10E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -2.30E+00 0.00E+00 -4.87E-05 2.14E-07 -2.73E-10
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 7.76 6.66 8.15 7.42
d9 1.51 2.60 1.12 1.85
[数値データ2]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
13.37 9.9 40.6
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
*r1 13.421 d2 6.14 1.535 56.0
*r2 -8.334 d3 2.15
*r3 -5.637 d4 1.48 1.636 23.9
r4 -15.213 d5 0.17
r5 -34.833 d6 2.11 1.535 56.0
r6 -17.151 d7 0.15
r7 -152.436 d8 3.31 1.535 56.0
*r8 -11.013 d9 可変
r9 0.000 d10 0.70 1.492 57.4
r10 0.000 d11 18.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6
r1 -6.34E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r2 -1.68E+00 0.00E+00 -9.39E-05 0.00E+00
r3 -9.67E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -2.34E+00 0.00E+00 3.69E-06 3.31E-07
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 5.74 5.14 5.91 5.55
d9 0.67 1.26 0.50 0.86
[Numerical data 2]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
13.37 9.9 40.6
Lens data surface Paraxial radius of curvature Top-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
*r1 13.421 d2 6.14 1.535 56.0
*r2 -8.334 d3 2.15
*r3 -5.637 d4 1.48 1.636 23.9
r4 -15.213 d5 0.17
r5 -34.833 d6 2.11 1.535 56.0
r6 -17.151 d7 0.15
r7 -152.436 d8 3.31 1.535 56.0
*r8 -11.013 d9 variable
r9 0.000 d10 0.70 1.492 57.4
r10 0.000 d11 18.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient
k C2 C4 C6
r1 -6.34E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r2 -1.68E+00 0.00E+00 -9.39E-05 0.00E+00
r3 -9.67E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -2.34E+00 0.00E+00 3.69E-06 3.31E-07
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 5.74 5.14 5.91 5.55
d9 0.67 1.26 0.50 0.86
[数値データ3]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
17.96 9.9 29.1
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
r1 24.08 d2 4.02 1.532 55.8
*r2 -9.64 d3 3.62
*r3 -5.70 d4 1.50 1.636 23.9
r4 -35.58 d5 1.30
r5 -16.99 d6 3.32 1.532 55.8
*r6 -9.80 d7 0.33
r7 39.45 d8 3.23 1.532 55.8
*r8 -16.38 d9 可変
r9 0.00 d10 1.00 1.516 64.1
r10 0.00 d11 21.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.28E-04 0.00E+00
r3 -4.72E-01 0.00E+00 1.67E-04 0.00E+00
r6 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.67E-05 0.00E+00
r8 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.95E-05 5.15E-08
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 5.95 4.88 6.24 5.59
d9 0.79 1.86 0.50 1.15
[Numerical data 3]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
17.96 9.9 29.1
Lens data surface Paraxial radius of curvature Top-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
r1 24.08 d2 4.02 1.532 55.8
*r2 -9.64 d3 3.62
*r3 -5.70 d4 1.50 1.636 23.9
r4 -35.58 d5 1.30
r5 -16.99 d6 3.32 1.532 55.8
*r6 -9.80 d7 0.33
r7 39.45 d8 3.23 1.532 55.8
*r8 -16.38 d9 variable
r9 0.00 d10 1.00 1.516 64.1
r10 0.00 d11 21.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient
k C2 C4 C6
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.28E-04 0.00E+00
r3 -4.72E-01 0.00E+00 1.67E-04 0.00E+00
r6 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.67E-05 0.00E+00
r8 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.95E-05 5.15E-08
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 5.95 4.88 6.24 5.59
d9 0.79 1.86 0.50 1.15
[数値データ4]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
16.50 9.9 32.0
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
r1 21.75 d2 4.95 1.535 55.7
*r2 -10.27 d3 2.39
*r3 -5.62 d4 1.75 1.636 23.9
r4 -18.39 d5 0.22
*r5 -22.78 d6 2.62 1.535 55.7
r6 -11.84 d7 0.22
r7 105.20 d8 3.87 1.535 55.7
*r8 -13.85 d9 可変
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 21.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6 C8
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.57E-04 8.64E-07 0.00E+00
r3 -7.62E-01 0.00E+00 8.52E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r5 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -7.94E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.27E-04 -3.08E-07 3.21E-09
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 7.10 6.25 7.35 6.83
d9 1.05 1.90 0.80 1.32
[Numerical data 4]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
16.50 9.9 32.0
Lens data Surface Paraxial radius of curvature On-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
r1 21.75 d2 4.95 1.535 55.7
*r2 -10.27 d3 2.39
*r3 -5.62 d4 1.75 1.636 23.9
r4 -18.39 d5 0.22
*r5 -22.78 d6 2.62 1.535 55.7
r6 -11.84 d7 0.22
r7 105.20 d8 3.87 1.535 55.7
*r8 -13.85 d9 variable
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 21.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient k C2 C4 C6 C8
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.57E-04 8.64E-07 0.00E+00
r3 -7.62E-01 0.00E+00 8.52E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r5 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 -7.94E-05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.27E-04 -3.08E-07 3.21E-09
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 7.10 6.25 7.35 6.83
d9 1.05 1.90 0.80 1.32
[数値データ5]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
25.22 16.8 35.1
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
r1 49.56 d2 6.43 1.535 55.7
*r2 -17.25 d3 4.39
*r3 -8.84 d4 1.95 1.636 23.9
r4 -30.05 d5 0.22
r5 266.69 d6 5.26 1.531 55.9
r6 -27.75 d7 0.22
r7 235.81 d8 5.82 1.535 55.7
*r8 -18.98 d9 可変
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 30.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6
r1 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.91E-05 0.00.E+00
r2 -1.33E+00 0.00E+00 -1.12E-04 0.00.E+00
r8 -2.17E+00 0.00E+00 1.01E-05 1.04E-08
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 10.39 8.38 11.02 9.74
d9 2.04 4.05 1.41 2.69
[Numerical data 5]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
25.22 16.8 35.1
Lens data Surface Paraxial radius of curvature On-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
r1 49.56 d2 6.43 1.535 55.7
*r2 -17.25 d3 4.39
*r3 -8.84 d4 1.95 1.636 23.9
r4 -30.05 d5 0.22
r5 266.69 d6 5.26 1.531 55.9
r6 -27.75 d7 0.22
r7 235.81 d8 5.82 1.535 55.7
*r8 -18.98 d9 variable
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 30.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient k C2 C4 C6
r1 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.91E-05 0.00.E+00
r2 -1.33E+00 0.00E+00 -1.12E-04 0.00.E+00
r8 -2.17E+00 0.00E+00 1.01E-05 1.04E-08
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 10.39 8.38 11.02 9.74
d9 2.04 4.05 1.41 2.69
[数値データ6]
全体緒元
焦点距離 画像表示面対角長 2ω[°]
20.46 12.6 33.1
レンズデータ
面 近軸曲率半径 軸上面間隔 屈折率(Nd) アッベ数(νd)
r0 表示パネル d1 可変
r1 59.97 d2 5.95 1.694 53.2
*r2 -11.68 d3 2.38
*r3 -6.74 d4 1.67 1.636 23.9
r4 -28.97 d5 0.00
r5 -28.97 d6 3.09 1.535 56.0
r6 -35.80 d7 0.25
r7 61.73 d8 5.49 1.535 56.0
*r8 -12.03 d9 可変
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 24.00
EP
非球面係数
k C2 C4 C6
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.15E-04 2.75E-07
r3 -9.93E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -5.80E-01 0.00E+00 6.48E-05 8.67E-08
可変間隔
視度[dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 9.47 8.06 9.85 9.01
d9 0.87 2.28 0.50 1.34
[Numerical data 6]
Overall specifications Focal length Image display surface diagonal length 2ω[°]
20.46 12.6 33.1
Lens data Surface Paraxial radius of curvature On-axis spacing Refractive index (Nd) Abbe number (νd)
r0 Display panel d1 Variable
r1 59.97 d2 5.95 1.694 53.2
*r2 -11.68 d3 2.38
*r3 -6.74 d4 1.67 1.636 23.9
r4 -28.97 d5 0.00
r5 -28.97 d6 3.09 1.535 56.0
r6 -35.80 d7 0.25
r7 61.73 d8 5.49 1.535 56.0
*r8 -12.03 d9 variable
r9 0.00 d10 0.80 1.492 57.4
r10 0.00 d11 24.00
EP
Aspheric coefficient
k C2 C4 C6
r2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.15E-04 2.75E-07
r3 -9.93E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
r8 -5.80E-01 0.00E+00 6.48E-05 8.67E-08
Variable interval diopter [dpt] 0 -3 +1 -1
d1 9.47 8.06 9.85 9.01
d9 0.87 2.28 0.50 1.34
L0 接眼光学系
L1 第1レンズ
L2 第2レンズ
L3 第3レンズ
L4 第4レンズ
IP 画像表示面
EP 観察面
L0 Eyepiece optical system L1 1st lens L2 2nd lens L3 3rd lens L4 4th lens IP Image display surface EP Observation surface
Claims (9)
1.520≦Nda≦1.730
-5.2≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0
0.77≦f34/f≦1.30
なる条件式を満たすことを特徴とする接眼光学系。 An eyepiece optical system for observing an image displayed on an image display surface, comprising a first lens with positive refractive power and a second lens with negative refractive power, which are arranged in order from the image display surface side to the observation side. , a third lens with a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens with a positive refractive power, the average value of the refractive index at the d-line of the material of each lens of the first lens to the fourth lens is Nda, and the average value of the refractive index at the d-line is Nda, The radius of curvature of the lens surface on the observation side of the first lens is L1R2, the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the image display surface side of the second lens is L2R1, the combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens is f34, and the eyepiece When the focal length of the optical system is f,
1.520≦Nda≦1.730
-5.2 ≦(L2R1+L1R2)/(L2R1-L1R2)≦0.0
0.77 ≦f34/f≦1.30
An eyepiece optical system that satisfies the following conditional expression.
0.22≦d5/d3≦0.75
なる条件式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接眼光学系。 When the distance between the first lens and the second lens on the optical axis is d3, and the distance between the second lens and the third lens on the optical axis is d5,
0.22 ≦d5/d3≦0.75
The eyepiece optical system according to claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system satisfies the following conditional expression.
0.25<PN/f<0.55
なる条件式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の観察装置。 When half of the diagonal length of the image display surface of the image display element is PN,
0.25<PN/f<0.55
The observation device according to claim 7, wherein the observation device satisfies the following conditional expression.
0.0≦d1/f<0.8
なる条件式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の観察装置。 When the distance on the optical axis from the image display surface to the lens surface of the first lens on the image display surface side is d1,
0.0≦d1/f<0.8
The observation device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the observation device satisfies the following conditional expression.
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JPH05313073A (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-11-26 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Eyepiece for endoscope |
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