JP7359193B2 - Energy system operation planning device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an energy system operation planning device, and particularly to an operation plan creation device that takes into account cost and CO ₂ emissions minimization.

In recent years, when creating an operation plan for an energy system in a building, factory, region, etc., it has been desired to optimize the energy flow rate of the energy system under predetermined constraint conditions. Additionally, businesses operating energy systems have a need to reduce _CO2 emissions and costs in their energy systems.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, an operation plan for an energy system is generally created by referring to past results, for example, actual values for the most recent year, to create an operation plan for the next year.

Even if an operation plan is created taking into consideration energy flow optimization and CO ₂ emissions as described above, and the energy system is operated according to the created operation plan, the actual value may differ from the planned value due to various factors. There may be a deviation. Various techniques have been proposed to reduce the discrepancy between actual results and plans (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2019-164503 Publication JP 2019-33562 Publication

Incidentally, the operation plan may include not only short-term but also long-term operation plans. In this case, it is preferable to create a short-term operation plan while taking the long-term operation plan into consideration so that the long-term operation plan can be adhered to.

However, in the past, it has been usual to create operational plans by referring to past results such as the previous year, as described above, without taking a long-term perspective. For example, air conditioning equipment that uses electricity is easily affected by external factors such as weather, but since there is no guarantee that the weather will be the same this year as the previous year, operational plans should be created based on past performance. is not necessarily an appropriate method of planning.

Furthermore, if you insist on adhering to short-term operational plans when reducing the discrepancy between actual results and plans, you may not be able to meet long-term operational plans.

An object of the present invention is to create an operation plan while taking into account a long-term operation plan created with a planning period longer than the planning period of the operation plan to be created.

An energy system operation plan creation device according to the present invention is an energy system operation plan creation device that creates an operation plan including operation plan values used to control the operation of equipment managed by an energy system. When creating a long-term operation plan that includes the predetermined plan period and has a period longer than the predetermined plan period, the operation is set for the end of the predetermined plan period. The present invention is characterized by having a creation means for creating the operation plan using the planned value as the target value at the end of the term.

Further, when the predetermined planning period is subdivided into predetermined unit times, the operation plan created by the creation means includes operation plan values corresponding to each unit time, and the operation plan values included in the operation plan are out of the operation plan values included in the operation plan, the generating means includes a transmission means for transmitting the operation plan values included in a predetermined execution period from the start of the operation plan to the control means for controlling the operation of the equipment; When a predetermined execution period has elapsed, an operation plan for the next predetermined planning period is created starting from the end of the elapsed predetermined execution period.

Further, the energy system may include an energy demand section, an energy supply section that supplies energy to the energy demand section, and an energy supply section and the energy demand section, and may store, convert, combine energy, or and the device that performs branching, the unit time, the predetermined planning period, energy demand forecast data in the energy demand unit, energy supply forecast data in the energy supply unit, and energy supply forecast data in the energy supply unit. Storage means for storing at least energy price data, CO ₂ emission coefficient of energy in the energy supply unit, equipment characteristic data of the equipment, and data indicating the state of the equipment at the time of creation of the operation plan, and storage in the storage means Optimization calculation that calculates the energy flow rate of the energy system that minimizes the cost and CO ₂ emissions by performing an optimization calculation using the cost and CO ₂ emissions of the energy system as an objective function from the data means, and the creation means creates an operation plan using the energy flow rate calculated by the optimization calculation means as an operation plan value.

Further, the storage means is characterized in that a weighting coefficient that is included in the objective function and evaluates a difference between the target value at the end of the period and the energy flow rate is stored.

Further, the device characteristic data includes at least one of partial load efficiency, minimum continuous operating time, minimum continuous stop time, minimum load factor, and start/stop cost of the device.

Further, the long-term operation plan is created by the same process as the process for creating the operation plan by the creation means.

According to the present invention, an operation plan can be created while taking into consideration an operation plan created with a planning period longer than the planning period of the operation plan to be created.

1 is a block configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an energy system operation planning device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an energy flow model referred to in this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows short-term operation plan creation processing in this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing exogenous variables used in the present embodiment in a table format. It is a figure showing a specific example of short-term operation plan creation processing in this embodiment. 5A is a diagram showing a specific example of short-term operation plan creation processing performed subsequent to FIG. 5A. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of constraint conditions set in the present embodiment. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of setting an integer constraint regarding an endogenous variable that takes an integer value among the constraint conditions used in the present embodiment. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining endogenous variables related to integer constraints in the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining exogenous variables used in constraint conditions for device characteristic data in the present embodiment. It is a figure for explaining partial load efficiency in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the constraint conditions of the minimum continuous time, the minimum stop time, and the minimum load factor in this Embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an energy system operation planning device according to the present invention. An energy system is a system that manages energy supply, storage, demand, etc. for equipment that operates using energy resources such as electricity and gas in facilities such as buildings and factories. An energy system has a system configuration that includes an energy demand section consisting of equipment that uses energy, an energy supply section that supplies energy to the energy demand section, and an energy supply section that is interposed between the energy demand section and the energy supply section. It has equipment for storage, conversion, merging and branching.

The energy system operation plan creation device (hereinafter simply referred to as "plan creation device") 10 in this embodiment is a device for creating an operation plan in this energy system, more specifically, the operation of equipment managed by the energy system. This is a device for creating operation plans used for control. Note that although this embodiment will be described with a focus on creating a short-term operation plan, the plan creation device 10 may have a function of creating not only a short-term operation plan but also a long-term operation plan. good. In this embodiment, a long-term operation plan creation section 13 is provided to have a function of creating a long-term operation plan.

The planning device 10 in this embodiment can be realized with a conventional general-purpose hardware configuration such as a personal computer (PC). That is, the planning device 10 internally includes a user interface including a CPU, ROM, RAM, a hard disk drive (HDD) as a storage means, a network interface as a communication means, an input means such as a mouse and a keyboard, and a display means such as a display. configured by connecting to the bus.

The planning device 10 according to the present embodiment includes an equipment planning section 11, an equipment control section 12, a long-term operation planning section 13, a short-term operation planning section 14, operation planning conditions 21, forecast data 22, market data 23, equipment It has storage means for storing characteristic data 24, energy flow model 25, and long-term operation plan data 26, respectively. Note that since the device control unit 12 includes a storage unit that stores the operation plan data 121 and the operation performance data 122, the device control unit 12 is realized by an application and a storage unit. However, the operation plan data 121 and the operation performance data 122 may be configured to be stored outside the device control unit 12. The block configuration of the planning device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and there is no need to limit the configuration to this. For example, any of the components 11 to 14 may be configured to be executed by another information processing device. Furthermore, the storage means for storing the various data 21 to 26 may be integrated or divided, or an external storage means may be accessed via a network.

The equipment planning unit 11 inputs time-series data on energy supply and demand, etc., and determines the optimal equipment configuration that minimizes annual costs and _CO2 emissions, that is, the equipment configuration that the facility should possess. Create as a facility plan. When the equipment control unit 12 receives the short-term operation plan created by the short-term operation plan creation unit 14, it controls the operation of the equipment 2 according to the operation plan. The received operation plan is stored in the storage means as operation plan data 121. The equipment 2 is installed in a facility and operates by being supplied with energy. When the equipment 2 operates according to the operation plan under the control of the equipment control unit 12, it directly or indirectly transmits data regarding the performance of the operation to the equipment control unit 12. The device control unit 12 stores the driving performance of the device 2 as driving performance data 122 in the storage means. The operating performance of the device 2 becomes data indicating the state of the device at each point in time. Note that "equipment" is included in the above-mentioned equipment. Although "equipment" includes equipment that constitutes an energy system such as piping in addition to equipment, in this embodiment, equipment and equipment are used almost interchangeably.

The long-term operation plan creation unit 13 creates a long-term operation plan (hereinafter also referred to as a "long-term operation plan"). On the other hand, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates a short-term operation plan. In this embodiment, since operation plans with different planning periods are used as operation plans, "short-term" and "long-term" are used as relative expressions. However, the planning period of the long-term operation plan used in this embodiment includes the planning period of the short-term operation plan. The long-term operation plan creation unit 13 creates, for example, a one-week long-term operation plan. The short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates a short-term operation plan that is shorter than the long-term, for example, one day. Of course, each planning period length is just an example, and there is no need to limit it to this setting example.

The short-term operation plan creation unit 14 inputs various data 21-26 and operation performance data 122, as will be described in detail later, and performs optimization calculations under predetermined constraints to create an optimal short-term operation plan ( Hereinafter, a “short-term operation plan” or simply “operation plan”) is created, and the created short-term operation plan is transmitted to the device control unit 12. The short-term operation plan creation section 14 includes an optimization calculation section 141, an equipment operation plan creation section 142, and an energy purchase plan creation section 143. Among these, the optimization calculation unit 141 functions as an optimization calculation means, performs optimization calculation using the cost and CO ₂ emissions of the energy system as an objective function, and creates an energy system that minimizes the cost and CO ₂ emissions. Calculate the energy flow rate. The equipment operation plan creation section 142 creates a short-term operation plan based on the optimal values obtained by the optimization calculation section 141. Furthermore, the energy purchase plan creation unit 143 creates an energy purchase plan based on the optimal value obtained by the optimization calculation unit 141.

Various data used in this embodiment will be explained below. In the following explanation, basic or representative data will be explained. Therefore, data items not included in the following description should not be interpreted as not corresponding to each data item.

The operation plan conditions 21 are basic setting conditions necessary for creating an operation plan. For example, it includes a predetermined unit time, a planning period of an operation plan, a weighting coefficient, and the like. The planning period corresponds to one day in the above example, and is a period for creating a short-term operation plan. The unit time is a period that is the minimum unit for calculating operational plan values by subdividing the planning period. For example, if the unit period is set to one hour for a planning period (one day), the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 calculates 24 operation plan values every hour. The operation plan value for the final unit time is the operation plan value for the plan period, and becomes the end-of-term target value for the plan period when the equipment 2 is operated. Note that although the operation plan conditions used when creating a short-term operation plan have been explained here as an example, the operation plan conditions when creating a long-term operation plan are also set. The weighting coefficient is also called a penalty coefficient, and is a coefficient for evaluating the difference between the term-end target value and the energy flow rate as the operation plan value. The weighting coefficients are included and used in the objective function described later.

The prediction data 22 is data based on predictions rather than actual results. For example, data such as energy demand data in the energy demand section and energy supply prediction data in the energy supply section are included.

Market data 23 is data obtained from a market outside the energy system. In this embodiment, cost calculation is performed, and data necessary for this calculation, such as energy price data in the energy supply section and CO ₂ emission coefficient of energy in the energy supply section, is included.

The device characteristic data 24 is data indicating identification of various devices. The data items included in the device characteristic data 24 vary depending on whether the device 2 is a supply means, a demand means, a storage means, a conversion means, etc., and depending on the model. For example, data related to efficiency such as partial load efficiency, minimum continuous operation, etc. It includes time-related data such as time, minimum continuous stop time, minimum load rate, startup/stop cost, storage rate, usable upper and lower limit profiles, etc.

The long-term operation plan data 26 is a long-term operation plan created by the long-term operation plan creation section 13. For example, it includes the operation plan value at the end of the planning period (for example, one week according to the above example) of the long-term operation plan, that is, the end of the planning period of the long-term operation plan, and the operation plan value for each unit time in the long-term operation plan. Note that, similarly to the short-term operation plan, the operation plan value of the final unit time is equal to the operation plan value at the end of the planning period of the long-term operation plan.

Here, the energy flow model 25 will be explained.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the energy flow model 25 referred to in this embodiment. The energy flow model 25 is a model of an energy system for which an operation plan is to be created. Simply put, it is information that indicates the configuration of the equipment to be used for optimization calculations, the configuration of the equipment, and the flow of energy between the equipment. In other words, the energy flow model 25 can be said to be information that clarifies the connection relationships of the equipment included in the equipment planning model. For example, when assuming an energy system for a factory, the energy flow model 25 includes an energy demand unit 32 related to energy supply and demand, an energy supply unit 31 that supplies energy to the energy demand unit 32, energy storage, conversion, It has a plurality of devices 33 that perform merging and branching. As the energy supply unit 31, solar power generation and grid power are illustrated in FIG. Of course, other power generation equipment such as a wind power generation device may be provided. Furthermore, the configuration is not limited to supplying these electric powers, and may include a renewable energy supply section, a hydrogen supply section and a city gas supply section as a gas supply section, a biomass energy supply section, etc. Further, the energy demand unit 32 may include a heat demand unit, a gas demand unit, etc. in addition to the power demand unit.

Furthermore, as the device 33 interposed between the energy supply section 31 and the energy demand section 32, a battery or the like is illustrated in FIG. Further, E1 and E2 are devices that branch energy, and E3 is a device that combines energy.

By the way, in this embodiment, each component represented by a rectangle such as "solar power generation", "E1", "suppression", etc. included in the energy flow model 25 is referred to as a "node", and the connection relationship between each node represented by an arrow is defined. (which can also be called outputs from nodes) will be referred to as "edges". In FIG. 2, numbers 1 to 10 are added to each edge to identify each edge.

Each component 11 to 14 in the planning device 10 is realized by the cooperative operation of a computer forming the planning device 10 and a program running on a CPU installed in the computer. Further, each of the storage means 21 to 26, 121, and 122 is realized by an HDD installed in the plan creation device 10. Alternatively, RAM or external storage means may be used via a network.

Further, the program used in this embodiment can of course be provided by communication means, and can also be provided by being stored in a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a USB memory. Programs provided from a communication means or a recording medium are installed in a computer, and the CPU of the computer sequentially executes the programs to realize various processes.

Next, the operation in this embodiment will be explained. The present embodiment is characterized in that the short-term operation plan creation section 14 creates a short-term operation plan, and in particular, creates a short-term operation plan with reference to the created long-term operation plan. The operation plan values included in the created operation plan include the energy flow rate of each edge in each unit time.

The short-term operation plan creation process in this embodiment will be described below using the flowchart shown in FIG. It is assumed that the data necessary to create a short-term operation plan for a certain planning period is already stored in the storage means.

In the following description, as a specific example, the planning period of the long-term operation plan is one week, and the unit time is one hour. In this case, the long-term operation plan creation unit 13 calculates operation plan values for each unit time of 1 hour (unit time) x 1 day (24 hours) x 1 week (7 days) = 168 units of time. For example, when creating a long-term operation plan from June 1st to June 7th, for each edge, the energy flow rate from 0 to 1 o'clock on June 1st, the energy flow rate from 1 to 2 o'clock on June 1st, Then, the energy flow rate for each unit time is calculated up to the energy flow rate from 23:00 to 24:00 on June 7th. Then, the total energy flow rate from 0:00 on June 1st to 24:00 on June 7th becomes the long-term operation plan value for the edge.

In addition, the planning period of the short-term operation plan is set to one day, and the unit time is set to one hour. In this case, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 calculates the operation plan value for each 24 unit times (1 hour (unit time) x 1 day (24 hours)). For example, when creating a short-term operation plan for June 1st, for each edge, the energy flow rate from 0 to 1 o'clock on June 1st, the energy flow rate from 1 to 2 o'clock on June 1st, and the energy flow rate for each edge. The energy flow rate in each unit time is calculated up to the energy flow rate between 23:00 and 24:00. Note that the operation plan value as of 6 o'clock on June 1st can be calculated by summing the energy flow rate for each unit time from 0:00 to 6:00 on June 1st. Then, the total energy flow rate from 0:00 on June 1st to 24:00 on June 1st becomes the short-term operation plan value for the edge.

The short-term operation plan creation unit 14 acquires various data 21 to 26, 122 necessary for creating an operation plan from the storage means (step 110). Next, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 acquires the energy flow model 25 (step 120). By acquiring the energy flow model 25, it is possible to specify edges for which an operation plan is to be created.

Next, the optimization calculation unit 141 in the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 performs optimization calculation processing to create an operation plan that minimizes costs and _CO2 emissions based on the acquired data under constraint conditions. (step 130). Note that the constraint conditions will be described later. In this embodiment, the objective function shown below is used. The objective function is an evaluation function for optimization, and determines the values of endogenous variables so that the calculated value of the objective function is minimized. Equation (1) is an objective function for minimizing cost, and Equation (2) is an objective function for minimizing CO ₂ emissions.

Note that the second term of formula (1) is a formula that converts the value of CO ₂ emissions into cost.

FIG. 4 shows exogenous variables used in the objective function and constraint conditions described below in a table format. Furthermore, the endogenous variable d(i) included in the formula (1) is expressed by the following formula (3).

Here, i is an edge, t is time (unit time), and x (i, t) is the energy flow rate of edge i in unit time t. Then, d(i) is the difference between the period-end target value of the short-term operation plan and the period-end operation plan value of the short-term operation plan at edge i. d(i) is an endogenous variable that can be called a penalty coefficient. In this embodiment, the operation plan value corresponding to the unit time obtained in the long-term operation plan is used as the period-end target value in the short-term operation plan. That is, for example, when the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan for June 1st (0:00 to 24:00) as the planning period (1 day), the long-term operation plan that includes June 1st (for example, (1 week from June 1st to June 7th), the operation plan value set for the end of the planning period of the short-term operation plan, specifically the 6 included in the long-term operation plan. A short-term operation plan is created by setting the operation plan value set for 24:00 on the 1st of the month as the target value in the short-term operation plan for June 1st (that is, the "period-end target value").

By the way, logically, the operation plan value calculated by the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 does not always match the term-end target value. That is, the value (difference) obtained by subtracting the operation plan value x(i, T _CT ) from the period-end target value X _tgt (i) may be a positive or negative value. In the case where the difference is a positive number, that is, the smaller the operation plan value is with respect to the period-end target value, the larger the penalty is given in this embodiment. Since the penalty coefficient K _pena is a positive number, as the above-mentioned difference increases, the calculated value of the objective function f(x) increases.

In formula (3), it is an inequality rather than an equality, but the intention behind the inequality is that as a result of minimizing costs and CO ₂ emissions, the operation plan value x (i, T _CT ) is the end-of-period target value X _tgt ( This is because we assumed that exceeding i) is normally harmless to the energy system. In addition to a penalty, if a bonus is given for the operation plan value x (i, T _CT ) exceeding the period-end target value X _tgt (i), d (i) is allowed to take a negative value. In this case, the weighting coefficient also has the meaning of a bonus coefficient.

When the operation plan value x (i, T _CT ) exceeds the term-end target value X _tgt (i), d (i) takes a negative value. In this case, since the value of "+K _pena d(i)" included in formulas (1) and (2) becomes small (K _pena is a positive number), the possibility of minimization becomes relatively high. If the device 2 is operated beyond the operation plan value x (i, T _CT ), demand over may easily occur. However, in the present embodiment, even if demand over occurs, it can still be expected to be minimized from a cost perspective.

However, regarding storage capacity, a deviation from the target value at the end of the period may be fatal to future operations, so there is a relatively large penalty for storing more than necessary or understoring. You may also give it to them.

Basically, it is desirable that the operation plan value be close to the end-of-year target value, but if strictly adhering to the end-of-year target value conflicts with minimizing energy system costs or _CO2 emissions. In consideration of this, in this embodiment, by including a penalty in the objective function, it is possible to avoid creating an operation plan that forcefully adheres to the end-of-term target value.

When the unit time is one hour, 24 energy flow rates are calculated for each edge in a planning period of one day (that is, 24 hours). As shown in Figure 2, when the number of edges is 10, an energy flow rate x (i, t) of 24 × 10 = 240 is calculated, but this energy flow rate x (i, t) and the difference d (i) are calculated. By substituting into Equation (1), the minimum total cost and the energy flow rate at that time are determined as the optimal value. In addition, by substituting into formula (2), the minimum amount of CO ₂ emissions can be found as the optimal value.

When the minimum total cost, energy flow rate, and _CO2 emissions are determined by the optimization calculation as described above, the equipment operation plan creation unit 142 performs short-term operation based on the optimal values obtained by the optimization calculation unit 141. A plan is created (step 140). Furthermore, the energy purchase plan creation unit 143 creates an energy purchase plan based on the optimal value obtained by the optimization calculation unit 141 (step 150). The energy purchase plan may be created using the same method as before, rather than using the characteristic process of this embodiment.

Next, the short-term operation plan creation section 14 transmits the created operation plan to the device control section 12 (step 160). More specifically, only the operation plan value for one step from the current point in the operation plan for the created plan period is transmitted, but this point will be explained in detail later along with the creation of the short-term operation plan.

The equipment control unit 12 stores the operation plan transmitted from the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 as operation plan data 121, and controls the operation of the equipment 2 according to the operation plan at the scheduled time. The device 2 consumes energy by operating, and information regarding the amount of energy consumed and the like is collected by the device control unit 12 as performance information. The device control unit 12 stores the collected performance data as driving performance data 122.

Then, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 obtains one step worth of operation performance data 122 obtained by actually operating the equipment 2 according to the operation plan from the equipment control unit 12 as a feedback value (step 170). A part or all of the acquired operational performance data 122 is referred to when creating an operation plan in the next step.

The short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan for the planning period (here, one day) by repeatedly executing the above-mentioned process unless there is a particular termination instruction from the higher-level system (N at step 180). do. When the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 receives a termination instruction (Y in step 180), the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 terminates the process.

Here, details of the short-term operation plan creation process in the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 will be explained using FIGS. 5A and 5B. The processing described here corresponds to the processing of steps 140, 160, and 170 shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5A, one rectangle corresponds to a unit time. In FIG. 5A, similarly to the above example, the planning period is one day, and the unit time is one hour. Note that one unit time is also referred to as a "frame" here. Further, in FIG. 5A, the concept of "step" is shown. A “step” is an execution period consisting of one or a plurality of consecutive unit times, and is an execution period for causing the device 2 to execute the operation plan. It is a unit.

As described above, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan for the set planning period, that is, one day in the above example. If the unit time is expressed as t, one day consists of 24 frames (t=1 to 24 frames in FIG. 5A), but the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 calculates the operation for each unit time, that is, for 24 frames. Find the planned value. Then, the cumulative value of each operation plan value from t=1 to t=n (n=1 to 24) becomes the operation plan value at the time of t=n. Then, the operation plan value of the final frame (t=24) becomes the operation plan value for the relevant plan period. In other words, the operation plan value for each unit time is determined by distributing the operation plan value in the planning period to each unit time.

In this manner, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates operation plan values for the planning period, more specifically, as described above, the operation plan values for each unit time (operation plan values for 24 frames). Note that, as described above, the operation plan value at t=24 becomes the operation plan value for the relevant plan period.

Then, in step 140, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan value for each unit time in the planning period (t=1 to 24) as described above, but in step 160, the operation plan value for the created 24 frames is created. Of the planned values, only the operation plan values included in a predetermined execution period from the start of the operation plan (t = 1), that is, one step (in FIG. 5A, Step = k including t = 1 to 6) are selected. It will be passed to the device control section 12. In other words, even if the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan for one day (24 frames from t = 1 to 24), the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 does not change the operation plan from the start of the created operation plan to the most recent step (Step = k). The operation plan values corresponding to frames with t=7 to 24 other than those included with t=1 to 6 are not transmitted to the device control unit 12. Note that in FIGS. 5A and 5B, frames to be transmitted are displayed in a dot pattern. Furthermore, the frame corresponding to the unit time for which the driving performance data 122 was acquired is displayed in gray.

The device control unit 12 controls the operation of the device 2 according to the operation plan with Step=k transmitted from the short-term operation plan creation unit 14. Thereafter, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 acquires the operation performance data 122 corresponding to the transmitted operation plan of Step=k (for 6 frames) from the equipment control unit 12. FIG. 5A shows that the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 has already acquired the operation performance data 122 corresponding to the unit time included in Step=k-1.

FIG. 5B shows the state of each frame after acquiring the driving performance data 122 corresponding to Step=k. In FIG. 5B, the frame corresponding to Step=k is further displayed in gray, indicating that the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 has acquired the operation performance data 122 of the frame (t=1 to 6). There is.

Next, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 acquires various data as explained using FIG. 3, performs optimization calculations, and creates an operation plan (steps 110 to 140). The operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan using the next one day as a planning period. In other words, in Figure 5A, if the operation plan is created from 1 to 24:00 on June 1st, then in the next process shown in Figure 5B, the operation plan is created for June 1st, not from 1:00 to 24:00 on June 2nd, which is the next day. An operational plan will be created for the entire day, from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. on June 2nd. To explain using a diagram, the frame corresponding to t=7 in FIG. 5A is shifted to t=1 in the next process, and an operation plan for one day is created with this frame as the beginning. In other words, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 uses frames from t=7 to 30 when creating the previous operation plan as frames from t=1 to 24 when creating the current operation plan, and creates a short-term operation plan for one day. Create.

Then, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 creates an operation plan for the planning period (t=1 to 24) as described above, but in step 160, out of the calculated operation plan values for 24 frames, the most Only the operation plan values for the number of frames with close execution intervals, that is, for one step (six frames (t=1 to 6)) corresponding to Step=k+1 in FIG. 5B, are transmitted to the device control unit 12. Become.

As described above, in this embodiment, when creating a short-term operation plan, the operation plan value in the long-term operation plan is used as the term-end target value. For example, in FIG. 5A, a short-term operation plan is created using the operation plan value of the frame corresponding to 24:00 on June 1st in the long-term operation plan as the term-end target value. On the other hand, in FIG. 5B, a short-term operation plan is created using the operation plan value of the frame corresponding to 6 o'clock on June 2 in the long-term operation plan as the term-end target value.

By the way, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 in this embodiment creates an operation plan with reference to the operation performance data 122 fed back from the equipment 2, as in the past. However, it is basically only necessary to refer to one frame of operation performance data 122 immediately before the planning period to be created, that is, only data indicating the current state of the equipment 2. Of course, depending on the constraint conditions, it may be necessary to refer to the entire previous step or the previous day's driving record data 122, so in that case, refer to the driving record data 122 corresponding to the necessary frame. do.

In this manner, in this embodiment, it is possible to create a short-term operation plan while taking into consideration the current state of the device 2 and the long-term operation plan. Conventionally, an operation plan has been created by referring to past results, for example, the results of the previous year. Then, even if there is a major change in the operating environment of equipment 2 this fiscal year that is different from the previous year, such as weather or energy pricing, the operation plan created will be greatly influenced by the previous year's performance. Become.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the past results are referred to to the extent that the current status of the device 2 is obtained, and at the same time, the short-term operation plan is created while taking the long-term operation plan into consideration. It is possible to improve the accuracy of optimization of energy system operation. That is, even if the actual value deviates from the target value and it becomes necessary to correct the target value, the short-term operation plan can be reviewed from a long-term perspective. As explained using FIGS. 5A and 5B, in this embodiment, the short-term operation plan is reviewed every time the operation in the execution period (step) is completed. Specifically, we set the operation plan value of each frame set in the long-term operation plan as the end-of-term target value of the short-term operation plan, so it is possible to create a short-term operation plan without deviating from the long-term operation plan. can.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to create a short-term operation plan with a long-term perspective in mind. Further, even if the actual value deviates from the target value, in this embodiment, the operation plan is reviewed and corrected each time after the execution period has elapsed.

Here, the constraint conditions when calculating the optimal value will be explained. Although it is assumed that the constraint conditions are set in the short-term operation plan creation unit 14, they may be stored in a database.

FIG. 6 shows an example of constraint conditions set in this embodiment. Constraint conditions can basically be expressed using mathematical expressions. For example, the constraint conditions include conditions in which possible values (external variables) change depending on the situation (Equations (4) to (8)). In addition, upper and lower limit constraints (formulas (9) to (10)), equality constraints (formulas (11) to (14)), and inequality constraints (formulas (15) to (19)) etc. An upper and lower limit constraint functions as an equality constraint if the upper and lower limits are the same value. Equality constraints include, for example, energy conservation constraints in energy synthesis, branching, and storage, and equipment efficiency constraints. Calculating the input and output efficiency of storage equipment also uses equipment efficiency. Note that the subscript "in" in the formula indicates an input to a certain node, "out" indicates an output from a certain node, and "str" indicates a storage facility. Inequality constraints include storage time rate, storage rate, planning period cost, and CO ₂ cap constraints.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a setting example of constraints related to endogenous variables that take integer values (hereinafter referred to as "integer constraints") among the constraints used in this embodiment. Further, FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining endogenous variables related to integer constraints. Note that in FIG. 7, "t" is a variable indicating a unit time (frame). In particular, FIG. 7 shows a state in which a certain device 2 is continuously operating at t=2 to 5, and a state in which a certain device 2 is continuously stopped at t=6 to 8. It shows the possible values of each endogenous variable.

By the way, the short-term operation plan creation unit 14 refers to the equipment characteristic data 24 when creating a short-term operation plan, and here the partial load efficiency, minimum continuous time, minimum stop time, and minimum load included in the equipment characteristics data 24 are The rate and start/stop costs will be explained.

First, FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining exogenous variables used as constraints on the device characteristic data 24. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining partial load efficiency. The partial load efficiency is formulated as a mixed integer linear program as shown in Equation (20) by piecewise linear approximation of a curve representing the relationship between input and output. When the input range of section k divided into n pieces is L _ple (k), the relationship between input and output can be formulated as shown in Equation (20).

FIG. 11 shows mathematical expressions representing the constraint conditions of the minimum continuous operating time, the minimum continuous stop time, and the minimum load factor, respectively. In the minimum continuous operation time and the minimum continuous stop time, u, v, and w have the relationship shown in equations (21) and (22). At this time, the constraint conditions regarding the minimum continuous operation time and the minimum continuous stop time are as shown in equations (23) and (24). Further, the constraint conditions for the minimum load factor are as shown in equations (25) and (26). Further, the objective function including the startup/stopping cost is shown in the following equation (27).

When compared with Equation (1), which is the objective function for minimizing cost, it can be seen that Equation (27) has a third term added. This third term is a mathematical expression of the cost generated by starting and stopping the equipment. In other words, the cost incurred when the device starts or stops is added to equation (1).

In this embodiment, a short-term operation plan can be created as described above. By the way, the above explanation focused on creating a short-term operation plan. However, in this embodiment, the long-term operation plan can also be created by the same process as the short-term operation plan by referring to the various data 21 to 25, 122.

For example, as illustrated above, if the planning period of the long-term operation plan is one week, the operation plan value included in the operation plan created in the long-term operation plan whose planning period is one month, which is even longer, is the end-of-period target value. It is sufficient to create a long-term operation plan. However, since the device control unit 12 does not directly refer to the operation plan created by the long-term operation plan creation unit 13, the created one-week operation plan can be used as is for long-term operation without using the concept of execution period (step). It may be registered as the plan data 26.

Note that for a one-month long-term operation plan, operation plan values created in a longer-term, for example, quarterly long-term operation plan may be used as end-of-term target values. However, if a longer-term operation plan has not been created, the final operation plan value, that is, the period-end target value, needs to be set manually.

In the above explanation, the unit time of both the short-term operation plan and the long-term operation plan is 1 hour. However, the unit time does not need to be set to 1 hour, and There is no need to match. However, as the target value at the end of a period of a short-term operation plan, we use the operation plan value set in the long-term operation plan corresponding to the end of that period.In other words, the target value at the end of the period of the short-term operation plan Since the operation plan value needs to be set in the long-term operation plan, it is necessary to make the unit time of the short-term operation plan an integral multiple of the unit time of the long-term operation plan. Basically, it is preferable to match the unit time of each operation plan as in this embodiment.

Furthermore, in the above description, the case where the execution period (step) in the short-term operation plan is set to 6 frames has been described as an example. However, the number of frames in the execution period is just an example, and does not need to be limited to the above example. For example, by setting it to one frame, the short-term operation plan can be reviewed every unit time (one hour in the above example). Further, for example, by setting the execution period to 24 frames, the short-term operation plan can be reviewed every day.

2, 33 Equipment, 10 Energy system operation planning device, 11 Equipment planning section, 12 Equipment control section, 13 Long-term operation planning section, 14 Short-term operation planning section, 21 Operation plan conditions, 22 Forecast data, 23 Market data , 24 equipment characteristic data, 25 energy flow model, 26 long-term operation plan data, 31 energy supply section, 32 energy demand section, 121 operation plan data, 122 operation performance data, 141 optimization calculation section, 142 equipment operation plan creation section, 143 Energy Purchase Plan Creation Department.

Claims (6)

In an energy system operation plan creation device that creates an operation plan including operation plan values used to control the operation of equipment managed by the energy system,
When creating an operation plan for a predetermined plan period, the end point of the predetermined plan period in a long-term operation plan that includes the predetermined plan period and is created in advance with a period longer than the predetermined plan period as the plan period. 1. An energy system operation plan creation device, comprising: creation means for creating the operation plan using operation plan values set for the period as target values at the end of the period. When the predetermined planning period is subdivided into predetermined unit times, the operation plan created by the creation means includes an operation plan value corresponding to each unit time,
comprising a transmitting means for transmitting, among the operation plan values included in the operation plan, operation plan values included in a predetermined execution period from the start of the operation plan to a control means for controlling the operation of the equipment;
When the predetermined execution period has elapsed, the creation means creates an operation plan for the next predetermined planning period starting from the end of the elapsed predetermined execution period.
The energy system operation plan creation device according to claim 1. The energy system includes an energy demand section, an energy supply section that supplies energy to the energy demand section, and is interposed between the energy supply section and the energy demand section, and stores, converts, merges, or branches energy. In the case where the device has the above-mentioned equipment that performs
The unit time, the predetermined planning period, energy demand forecast data in the energy demand unit, energy supply forecast data in the energy supply unit, energy price data in the energy supply unit, and CO ₂ emission coefficient of energy in the energy supply unit , storage means for storing at least equipment characteristic data of the equipment and data indicating the state of the equipment at the time of creation of the operation plan;
From the data stored in the storage means, perform optimization calculations using the cost and CO ₂ emissions of the energy system as objective functions, and determine the energy flow rate of the energy system that minimizes the cost and CO ₂ emissions. an optimization calculation means for calculating,
has
3. The energy system operation plan creation device according to claim 2, wherein the creation means creates an operation plan using the energy flow rate calculated by the optimization calculation means as an operation plan value. Creating an energy system operation plan according to claim 3, wherein the storage means stores a weighting coefficient that is included in the objective function and evaluates a difference between the target value at the end of the period and the energy flow rate. Device. The energy system according to claim 3, wherein the device characteristic data includes at least one of partial load efficiency, minimum continuous operating time, minimum continuous stop time, minimum load factor, and start/stop cost of the device. Operation planning device. The energy system operation plan creation device according to claim 1, wherein the long-term operation plan is created by the same process as the operation plan creation process performed by the creation means.

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