JP2021002085A - Biogas power generation plan system and biogas power generation plan device - Google Patents

Abstract

To control a biogas generator and a power generator in cooperation in accordance with variation in a power selling price.SOLUTION: A biogas power generation plan system 1 comprises a biogas generator 30, a power generator 20, and a biogas power generation plan device 10. The biogas power generation plan device 10 comprises: a model generation unit 11 which generates a power generator model 11a and a biogas generator model 11b; and a biogas generator operation planning unit 13 which calculates a profit estimation amount obtained by selling electric power generated by the power generator 20, and controlled variables for driving the biogas generator 30 based on the power generator model 11a and the biogas generator model 11b, based on a control parameter inputted from the outside, and a biogas generator parameter inputted from the biogas generator 30, and creates an operation plan which makes the power generator 20 and the biogas generator 30 perform cooperative operation such that the profit estimation amount becomes larger.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a biogas power generation planning system and a biogas power generation planning device.

For example, there is biogas power generation as a power generation method using biomass, which is an organic energy resource. Biogas power generation is a process of producing biogas composed of methane and carbon dioxide by fermenting manure from livestock such as cows and pigs, and organic substances such as kitchen waste and sewage, and a turbine that burns biogas. It is a power generation method that combines the process of driving and generating power.

In biogas power generation, a biogas power generation company uses a feed-in tariff (FIT) to conclude a contract with a general power transmission and distribution business operator to purchase all of the electricity generated. Is common. Since the selling price is constant regardless of the date and time, the biogas power generation company has made an operation plan to increase the amount of biogas generated and maximize the amount of electricity sold.

In order to maximize the amount of electricity sold, it is necessary to maximize the amount of biogas produced. Therefore, control values such as temperature and pH of a machine that ferments biomass and produces biogas (hereinafter referred to as "biogas generator") (hereinafter referred to as "biogas generator state quantity") are used to generate biogas. It was common to fix the amount at the maximum value. Therefore, the amount of biogas produced was constant except for slight seasonal changes.

The technique described in Patent Document 1 is known as one of the operation planning techniques for biogas power generation. In Patent Document 1, when power is generated using fuel gas containing two types of gases, the unit prices of electricity generated based on the use as fuel are different from each other, the electricity generated is sold. The technology for increasing the profits from the above is disclosed.

JP-A-2018-112978

By the way, after the feed-in tariff is completed, the selling price of electricity is determined by market transactions. If the selling price becomes constant, the biogas power generation company wants to generate a large amount of power to the generator during the time when the selling price is high. In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to improve profits by coordinating the operation of a biogas generator with a time constant on the order of weeks and a generator on the order of seconds.

However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 that supplements the shortage of biogas with city gas does not consider the control of the biogas generator and cannot respond to changes in the selling price of electricity. Further, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 can only generate electricity by using a fuel gas containing two different types of gas, and biogas can be adjusted according to fluctuations in the selling price of electricity traded in the market. The control of the gas generator could not be changed.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to enable the biogas generator and the generator to be coordinatedly controlled in accordance with fluctuations in the selling price of electricity.

The biogas power generation planning system according to the present invention includes a biogas generator that generates biogas according to a set controlled amount, a generator that generates biogas generated by the biogas generator as fuel, and a biogas generator. It is equipped with a biogas power generation planning device that creates an operation plan for biogas power generation that drives a generator to generate power.
The biogas power generation planning device is a model generator that generates a biogas generator model that models the gas unit price of biogas generated by the biogas generator and a generator model that models the power generation efficiency of the generator. , The profit forecast amount obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator based on the control parameters input from the outside and the biogas generator parameters input from the biogas generator, and the generator model and bio. The control amount for driving the biogas generator is calculated based on the gas generator model, and the operation plan for making the generator and the biogas generator perform cooperative operation so that the profit forecast amount becomes large is created. It has a planning department.

According to the present invention, cooperation between a biogas generator and a generator having different time constants until they respond to an operation instruction so that the profit forecast amount obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator becomes large. It is possible to create an operation plan for driving and improve the profit of selling electricity.
Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure example of the biogas power generation planning system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware configuration example of the computer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the data stored in the biogas generator state quantity database which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the process performed by the biogas generator operation planning part which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the example of the biogas generator model which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the example of the generator model which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the waste heat temperature of the generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the amount of biogas production. It is a figure which shows the example of the biogas generator control amount output from step S7 of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure example of the biogas power generation planning system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the process performed by the biogas generator operation planning part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure example of the biogas power generation planning system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same function or configuration are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the biogas power generation planning system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In each of the following embodiments, it is assumed that all the electricity generated by biogas is sold to the electricity market.

<Configuration example of biogas power generation planning system>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration example of the biogas power generation planning system 1.
The biogas power generation planning system 1 includes a biogas power generation planning device 10, a generator 20, and a biogas generator 30.

The generator 20 uses the biogas (for example, methane gas) generated by the biogas generator 30 as fuel to generate electricity. For example, the generator 20 generates electricity by the driving force of a turbine (not shown) that burns and rotates biogas. Then, the business operator that performs biogas power generation sells the electric power generated by the generator 20 to the electric power company, or consumes the generated electric power in-house.

The biogas generator 30 is controlled based on the biogas generator control amount 50 (an example of the control amount) generated by the biogas power generation planning device 10. In the biogas power generation planning system 1 according to the first embodiment, the biogas power generation operator operates the biogas generator 30 while checking the biogas generator control amount 50.

Then, the biogas generator 30 operated according to the biogas generator control amount 50 produces biogas. At this time, the biogas generator 30 obtains waste heat from the generator 20 to warm human waste and the like to generate biogas. The generated biogas is sent to the generator 20. Further, the biogas generator 30 has a biogas power generation planning device 10 in which a biogas generator state amount 31 representing the current state of the biogas generator 30 and a biogas generation amount 32 representing the amount of biogas produced are combined. Output to.

Here, the biogas generator state quantity 31 represents the current value of the control index of the biogas generator 30, and includes, for example, the temperature, pH, and ammonia amount in the biogas generator 30. In addition, the biogas generator state quantity 31 includes the amount of organic acid, the amount of hydrogen sulfide, the residence time, the methane concentration, and the like. Among the values included in the biogas generator state quantity 31, the pH represents the pH value which is the hydrogen ion index inside the biogas generator 30. Ammonia is an example of a nitrogen compound charged into the biogas generator 30 to adjust the pH in the biogas generator 30. Both the amount of organic acid and the amount of hydrogen sulfide represent the amount of organic acid and hydrogen sulfide generated by the biogas generator 30. The residence time represents the residence time of human waste or the like stored in the biogas generator 30. The methane concentration represents the methane concentration when the biogas produced by the biogas generator 30 is methane gas.

Since the behavior of the generator 20 changes immediately by the operation of the worker, the time constant required for the change is small. On the other hand, in the biogas generator 30, even if the worker operates the biogas generator 30, it may take several days for the biogas generation amount 32 to change. Therefore, the time constant required to change the behavior of the biogas generator 30 is larger than the time constant of the generator 20. In order to coordinate the operation of the generator 20 and the biogas generator 30 having different time constants in the target state, the biogas power generation planning device 10 generates the biogas generator control amount 50. The biogas generator control amount 50 is data including various values set for appropriately driving the biogas generator 30. While checking the biogas generator control amount 50, the worker of the biogas power generation company puts ammonia or the like into the biogas generator 30 at each time indicated by the biogas generator control amount 50 to generate biogas. Drive the gas generator 30.

The biogas power generation planning device 10 drives the biogas generator 30 to create an operation plan for biogas power generation in which the generator 20 generates power. The biogas power generation planning device 10 includes a model generation unit 11, a biogas generator state quantity database 12, and a biogas generator operation planning unit 13.

The model generation unit 11 generates a generator model 11a that models the power generation efficiency of the generator 20 and a biogas generator model 11b that models the gas unit price of the biogas generated by the biogas generator 30. The generator model 11a and the biogas generator model 11b generated by the model generation unit 11 are input to the biogas generator operation planning unit 13.

The biogas generator state quantity database 12 stores a table that records the state quantity of the biogas generator 30 for each hour in the future. A specific example of the table stored in the biogas generator state quantity database 12 will be described later with reference to FIG.

Control parameters are input to the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 (an example of the operation planning unit) from the outside of the biogas power generation planning system 1 (for example, an electric power company), and the biogas generator 30 starts the biogas generator. Parameters are entered. Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 calculates the profit forecast amount obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator 20 based on the control parameter and the biogas generator parameter. Further, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 calculates the biogas generator control amount 50 for driving the biogas generator 30 based on the generator model 11a and the biogas generator model 11b. In the present embodiment, the control parameter is an electric power market price 40 (an example of electric power value information) representing the value of electric power sold and traded in the market. Further, the biogas generator parameters are set to the biogas generator state quantity 31 and the biogas generator quantity 32 output from the biogas generator 30.

Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 calculates the state quantity of the biogas generator 30 in the future based on the combination of the electric power market price 40, the biogas generator state quantity 31 and the biogas generation quantity 32. The profit forecast amount in a predetermined period is calculated for each state quantity of the biogas generator 30 in the future. Further, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 creates an operation plan for causing the generator 20 and the biogas generator 30 to perform cooperative operation so that the profit forecast amount becomes large. Therefore, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 creates an operation plan for the biogas generator 30 based on the electricity market price 40, the generator model 11a and the biogas generator model 11b, and controls the biogas generator. Generate a quantity of 50.

Next, the hardware configuration of the computer 60 constituting each device of the biogas power generation planning system 1 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of the computer 60.

The computer 60 is hardware used as a computer that can operate as a biogas power generation planning device 10. The computer 60 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 61, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 62, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 63, and a bus 64, which are connected to the bus 64, respectively. Further, the computer 60 includes a display device 65, an input device 66, a non-volatile storage 67, and a network interface 68.

The CPU 61 reads the program code of the software that realizes each function according to the present embodiment from the ROM 62, loads it into the RAM 63, and executes the program code. Variables and parameters generated during the arithmetic processing of the CPU 61 are temporarily written in the RAM 63, and these variables and parameters are appropriately read by the CPU 61. The display device 65 is, for example, a liquid crystal display monitor, and displays the result of processing performed by the computer 60 or the like to a worker belonging to a business operator performing biogas power generation. The graphs and tables shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 described later, the biogas generator control amount 50, and the like may be displayed on the display device 65. For example, a keyboard, a mouse, or the like is used as the input device 66, and an operator can perform predetermined operation inputs and instructions.

As the non-volatile storage 67, for example, HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), flexible disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R, magnetic tape, non-volatile memory and the like are used. Be done. In this non-volatile storage 67, in addition to the OS (Operating System) and various parameters, a program for operating the computer 60 is recorded. The ROM 62 and the non-volatile storage 67 permanently record programs, data, and the like necessary for the CPU 61 to operate, and are a computer-readable non-transient recording medium that stores the programs executed by the computer 60. It is used as an example.

For the network interface 68, for example, a NIC (Network Interface Card) or the like is used, and various data can be transmitted and received between the devices via a LAN (Local Area Network) connected to the terminals of the NIC, a dedicated line, or the like. It is possible.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of data stored in the biogas generator state quantity database 12. Here, an example of a table and data stored in the biogas generator state quantity database 12 by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 when the current time is set to 12:00 on February 1, 2019 will be described.

In the biogas generator state quantity database 12, a control plan for changing the biogas generator state quantity 31 is stored as a control plan table 121. A biogas generator control amount 50 is generated according to the control plan table 121. In the control planning table 121, the temperature, pH, and ammonia amount included in the biogas generator controlled amount 50 are predicted and recorded every 10 minutes from the current time up to 14 days ahead. Here, the temperature is a temperature set when the biogas generator 30 is operated, and the optimum temperature is set by the biogas generator model 11b.

As the control planning table 121, for example, three types of control planning tables 121a to 121c are generated depending on the combination of temperature, pH, and the amount of ammonia. A plurality of control plan tables may be generated by combining other elements. The biogas generator control amount 50 generated by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 with reference to the control plan table 121 is the biogas generator 30 generated by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 based on the electric power market price 40. It reflects the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 and the amount of nitrogen compounds charged into the biogas generator 30 to adjust the hydrogen ion index inside the biogas generator 30.

The number and type of the biogas generator control amount 50 stored in the biogas generator state quantity database 12, the time interval, and the planning period are not limited to this.

Further, in the biogas generator state quantity database 12, the biogas generator 30 is controlled according to the control plan table 121, and the profit forecast amount predicted when the generator 20 generates power is displayed in the profit forecast amount table 122. It is stored. The profit forecast table 122 is not time-series data, unlike the biogas generator control amount 50.

Then, the profit forecast amount table 122 is stored in each control plan table 121. Therefore, the three types of profit forecast amount tables 122a to 122c are tables that store the profit forecast amounts predicted based on the control plan tables 121a to 121c, respectively. The profit forecast amount tables 122a to 122c are tables in which the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 stores the predicted profit forecast amount based on the control plan tables 121a to 121c and the electricity market price 40.

<Example of processing performed by the biogas generator operation planning department>
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13. The process shown in FIG. 4 is realized by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 repeatedly performing calculations.

First, the biogas generator controlled variable initial value 51 is stored in the control plan table 121 of the biogas generator state quantity database 12 (S1). The biogas generator control amount initial value 51 may be automatically generated by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 inside the program, or may be input from the outside of the biogas power generation planning device 10.

As an example of the process in which the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 automatically generates the biogas generator control amount initial value 51 inside the program, a method of independently generating the control amount at each time with a random number or control between times Assuming that there is no change in the amount, a method of fixing the controlled amount to a certain value can be considered. Since the profit forecast amount for the biogas generator control amount initial value 51 has not been calculated, zero is stored in the profit forecast amount table 122. If the profit forecast amount is known by pre-calculation or the like, the profit forecast amount table 122 is updated with the pre-calculated profit forecast amount.

Next, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 acquires the control plan table 121 of the biogas generator state quantity database 12 and calculates the gas generation unit price (S2). The gas production unit price is the value obtained by dividing the cost related to biogas production by the amount of gas produced. For example, if the temperature is inside the biogas generator 30, the cost of generating heat used for maintaining the temperature corresponds to the cost. For example, if the cost is pH, the cost of purchasing the pH adjuster charged into the biogas generator 30 Applicable. Therefore, the cost related to the production of biogas can be expressed as a function of a plurality of controlled amounts of biogas generators 50. This function is prepared in advance as a biogas generator model 11b, and during operation, the biogas generator control amount 50 is input and the gas generation unit price is obtained as an output. The gas production unit price is time-series data. For example, the gas production unit price can be represented by data for 14 days in 1-hour increments.

<Examples of generator model and biogas generator model>
Here, an example of the generator model 11a and the biogas generator model 11b generated by the model generation unit 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the biogas generator model 11b. The biogas generator model 11b is used by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 to calculate the gas generation unit price. Therefore, in the biogas generator model 11b, the gas unit price of biogas with respect to the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 is modeled. The horizontal axis of FIG. 5 is the temperature [° C.] in the biogas generator 30, and the vertical axis is the gas generation unit price [yen / m ³ ].

In the region where the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 is less than 40 ° C., fermentation of human waste and the like is difficult to proceed. When trying to raise the temperature inside the biogas generator 30, the amount of ammonia charged into the biogas generator 30 and the amount of a heater or the like for heating the biogas generator 30 increase. Therefore, the gas generation unit price tends to increase.

As the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 rises, the hydrolysis rate of human waste and the like increases, and the fermentation rate of human waste and the like increases, so that the amount of gas produced also increases. When the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 is around 40 ° C., the amount of biogas produced is the largest, so that the unit price for gas generation is the minimum.

However, if the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 exceeds 40 ° C., the ammonia charged into the biogas generator 30 is easily inhibited, and the balance of bacterial composition may be lost. For this reason, the biogas generator 30 needs to be subjected to measures such as adding various chemicals and adding bacteria. As a result, in the region where the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 is higher than 40 ° C., the gas generation unit price also increases as the temperature rises. From the above, the gas production unit price is expressed as a quadratic function that takes a minimum value at 40 ° C. Then, by setting the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 to near the minimum value, it is considered that biogas can be efficiently generated even if the gas generation unit price is lowered. The temperature of the minimum point is not limited to 40 ° C. Further, the shape of the function is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 5, and may be a curved shape fitted to the shape shown in FIG.

Returning to the description of FIG. 4 again.
After the processing of step S2 is completed, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 acquires the electricity market price 40 and the gas generation unit price from the biogas generator model 11b. Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 determines the amount of biogas gas consumed by the generator 20 when the profit forecast amount is maximized and the profit forecast obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator 20. The forehead is output (S3). Here, the electricity market price 40 and the gas consumption are time-series data, for example, data for 14 days in 1-hour increments. Then, in the process of step S3, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 derives the output plan of the generator 20 having the maximum profit forecast amount and the gas consumption amount. The profit forecast amount to be maximized is expressed by the following formula (1).

・・・（１）

... (1)

In equation (1), t is the time [for example, the time in 1-hour increments], T is the planning period [for example, 14 days], Gas _t is the gas consumption [m ³ ], and eff _Gas is the generator model 11a described later. It represents the more desired power generation efficiency [kWh / m ³ ]. Price _t represents the electricity market price [yen / kWh], and Cost _t [yen / m ³ ] represents the gas production unit price. The first sigma represents the amount of electricity sales revenue, and the second sigma represents the power generation cost. It is possible to obtain the profit forecast amount by subtracting the power generation cost from the amount of electricity sales revenue. The formula (1) is applied to one generator 20, but when a plurality of generators 20 are prepared, the sum of the formulas (1) obtained for each of the plurality of generators 20 is calculated. It becomes an objective function.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the generator model 11a. The generator model 11a is a model used by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 to calculate the power generation efficiency. In the generator model 11a, the power generation efficiency with respect to the gas consumption of the biogas consumed by the generator 20 is modeled. The horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents the gas consumption [m ³ ] of the biogas consumed by the generator 20, and the vertical axis represents the power generation efficiency [kWh / m ³ ].

From FIG. 6, it is shown that the power generation efficiency of the generator 20 increases as the gas consumption increases. The power generation efficiency of the generator 20 is the highest at the rated output of the generator 20. Therefore, the gas consumption when the power generation efficiency of the generator 20 is the highest is expressed as the gas consumption at the rated output. If the gas consumption exceeds the gas consumption at the rated output of the generator 20, the power generation efficiency will rather decrease. Therefore, in order to maintain high power generation efficiency, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 determines the amount of biogas produced by the biogas generator 30 so as to maintain the gas consumption at the rated output of the generator 20. It is desirable to create an operation plan to be coordinated.

FIG. 6 shows a function in which the power generation efficiency is maximized in terms of gas consumption at the rated output. However, the shape of the function and the maximum point are not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 6, and for example, the shape of the function may be a curved shape fitted to the shape shown in FIG.

The constraints of the equation (1) are the maximum output and the minimum output of the biogas generator 30 that defines the range of Gas _t , and the maximum output and the minimum output of the generator 20 that defines the range of Gas _t × eff _Gas. , There is a minimum operation duration that determines the time when Gas _t ≠ 0 and a minimum stop duration that determines the time when Gas _t = 0. Further, as a constraint condition, the maximum number of start / stop times that determines the number of transitions from Gas _t = 0 to Gas _t +1 ≠ 0 or from Gas _t ≠ 0 to Gas _t +1 = 0 can be considered.

Using the above objective function and constraints, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 can calculate the gas consumption amount Gas _t as a variable at predetermined time intervals in the future to maximize the profit forecast amount. Find the possible output of the generator 20 and the amount of gas consumed. As an optimization method, a non-linear optimization method for finding a global solution, or a meta-heuristic method such as PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) or GA (Genetic Algorithm) can be used. Good. Alternatively, a method such as MILP (Mixed Integer Linear Programming) may be used by performing linearization.

Returning to the description of FIG. 4 again.
Next, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 acquires the gas consumption of the generator 20. Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 calculates the biogas generator control amount 50 for the biogas generator 30 to generate the biogas satisfying the acquired gas consumption (S4). The biogas generator operation planning unit 13 calculates the biogas generator control amount 50 using the biogas generator model 11b.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the waste heat temperature of the generator 20 and the biogas production amount 32. Here, among various controlled quantities for controlling the biogas generator 30, only the waste heat temperature of the generator 20 is changed, and the controlled quantities other than the waste heat temperature of the generator 20 are fixed. explain. The horizontal axis of FIG. 7 represents the temperature [° C.] in the biogas generator 30, and the vertical axis represents the amount of biogas produced [m ³ ].

As described above, the biogas generator 30 can generate biogas by utilizing the waste heat of the generator 20. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the biogas production amount 32 increases as the waste heat temperature of the generator 20 increases. Therefore, when the controlled amount for generating the biogas consumed by the generator 20 can be uniquely determined, the controlled amount is set to the biogas generator controlled amount 50. On the other hand, even if the control amount is different, when the biogas generation amount 32 generated by the biogas generator 30 is the same, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 may randomly determine the control amount. A rule-based determination method, such as a method of selecting a method with a small amount of control, is predetermined. Then, the biogas generator control amount 50 is uniquely determined according to a predetermined method. Further, when there is no combination of the biogas generator control amount 50 that realizes the biogas generation amount 32 generated by the biogas generator 30, the biogas generation amount 32 is changed and the biogas generator control amount 50 is again used. Search for combinations.

Returning to the description of FIG. 4 again.
Next, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 updates each table of the biogas generator state quantity database 12 (S5). For example, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 can store a new table as a candidate for the biogas generator control amount 50 in the control planning table 121. Further, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 can store a new table showing the profit forecast amount calculated based on the control plan table 121 in the profit forecast amount table 122.

Next, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 determines whether or not the end condition of the iterative calculation has been reached (S6). As an example of reaching the end condition, it is conceivable that the amount of change in the profit from selling electricity becomes less than the threshold value, or the number of repetitions exceeds the threshold value. If the end condition is not reached in the processes up to step S5 (No in S6), the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 returns to step S2 and repeats the process.

When the end condition is reached (Yes in S6), the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 has the maximum predicted profit amount in the control plan table 121 stored in the biogas generator state quantity database 12. The control plan table 121 corresponding to the biogas generator control amount 50 is selected (S7), and the biogas generator control amount 50 is output. At this time, the table to be adopted for the biogas generator control amount 50 may be determined based on factors other than the predicted profit amount (for example, the amount of greenhouse gas reduction). The biogas generator 30 operates according to the controlled amount 50 of the biogas generator.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the biogas generator control amount 50 output from step S7 of FIG. Here, it is assumed that meteorological information is input to the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 as a control parameter.
The biogas generator operation planning unit 13 has a biogas generator control amount 50 according to the power generation amount of the generator 20 that changes according to the weather information input as a control parameter and the internal temperature of the biogas generator 30. Can be calculated.

For example, in the weather forecast indicated by the weather information input from the outside, it is raining on 2/3 and 2/4 dates. On a rainy day, the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation (PV: Photovoltaic) decreases, so the electricity market price 40 tends to rise. Therefore, control is performed to raise the temperature inside the biogas generator 30 to 55 ° C. on 2/1 and 2/2 so that the generator 20 can generate a large amount of electricity on a rainy day.

By this control, fermentation of human waste and the like stored in the biogas generator 30 is promoted, and the amount of gas produced by the biogas generator 30 is increased. As a result, the biogas generator 20 supplied from the biogas generator 30 can increase the amount of power generation. As described above, the biogas power generation planning system 1 according to the present embodiment can improve the profit obtained by selling power as compared with the conventional constant control.

In the biogas power generation planning system 1 according to the first embodiment described above, the cost required for the biogas generator 30 to generate biogas is calculated as a gas generation unit price and controlled based on the electricity market price 40. The process of calculating the planning table 121 and the profit forecast amount table 122 is repeated. Then, based on the profit forecast amount table 122, the control plan table 121 having a large profit forecast amount is selected, and the process of generating the biogas generator control amount 50 is performed. The generator 20 and the biogas generator 30 are operated based on the biogas generator control amount 50. By performing the processing in this way, it becomes possible to formulate an operation plan in which the biogas generator 30 and the generator 20 having different time constants are coordinated.

Therefore, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 receives the biogas generator state quantity 31 and the biogas generation quantity 32 from the biogas generator 30, and receives the electricity market price 40 and the weather information as control parameters from the outside. Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 obtains a time-series target value of the biogas generation amount 32, and the bio for operating the biogas generator 30 so that the biogas production amount 32 matches the target value. It is possible to output the gas generator control amount 50.

In addition, the biogas power generation planning device 10 is a biogas generator by combining various controls such as a control for increasing the profit forecast amount and a control for reducing the amount of ammonia input to the biogas generator 30. It is possible to control the 30 and the generator 20 in a coordinated manner.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a configuration example and an operation example of the biogas power generation planning system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. In the second embodiment, it is assumed that the electricity generated by biogas is used for both self-consumption and selling electricity to the electricity market.

<Configuration example of biogas power generation planning system>
FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration example of the biogas power generation planning system 1A according to the second embodiment.
In the biogas power generation planning system 1A, the power demand forecast 70 is input to the biogas power generation planning device 10 in addition to the biogas generator state amount 31, the biogas generation amount 32, and the power market price 40.

The power demand forecast 70 represents the power demand predicted by a consumer or a group of consumers. The biogas power generation planning system 1A can distribute a part of the electricity generated by the generator 20 to a consumer or a group of consumers according to the power demand forecast 70.

Therefore, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13A calculates the biogas generator control amount 50 so as to change the power generation amount of the generator 20 according to the power demand forecast 70 input as the control parameter. That is, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13A inputs the power demand forecast 70 in addition to the biogas generator state quantity 31, the biogas generation amount 32, and the electricity market price 40, and operates the biogas generator 30. I do. Then, the biogas generator operation planning unit 13A outputs the biogas generator control amount 50 by using the generator model 11a, the biogas generator model 11b, and the biogas generator state quantity database 12.

<Example of processing performed by the biogas generator operation planning department>
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13A. The process shown in FIG. 10 differs from the process shown in FIG. 4 in that the power demand forecast 70 input to the process step S3A is added. Since the other processing steps shown in FIG. 10 are the same as the processing steps shown in FIG. 4, the detailed contents of the processing step S3A will be described here.

As a use of generated power, there are cases where self-consumption is prioritized and surplus power is sold to the electricity market. Therefore, in the processing step S3A, the objective function of the following equation (2) is used instead of the objective function shown in the equation (1).

・・・（２）

... (2)

Equation (2) differs from equation (1) in the first sigma that represents the amount of electricity sales revenue. Max (A, B) is an operator representing the larger of "A" and "B". The value corresponding to "A" is the amount of power generated minus the amount of demand, that is, the amount of surplus power. On the other hand, by setting "B" to "0", the amount of power sales revenue when no surplus power is generated is set to "0". By applying the "A" and "B" defined in this way to the equation (2), the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 distributes a part of the generated electricity to the consumer or the consumer group. The operation plan of the generator 20 and the biogas generator 30 in the above can be generated.

In the biogas power generation planning system 1A according to the second embodiment described above, in addition to inputting the power demand forecast 70, the biogas power generation planning device 10 performs an operation plan of the biogas generator 30 and biogas. The generator control amount 50 is output. Therefore, the biogas generator 30 can be operated according to the power demand forecast 70 to control the operation of the generator 20, and the power generation amount of the generator 20 is increased when the power demand is predicted to be high. , Electricity sales profit can be increased. On the contrary, when the demand for electric power is predicted to be low, the cost of purchasing electricity from an electric power company or the like can be suppressed by reducing the amount of power generated by the generator 20 and increasing the amount of self-consumption.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a configuration example of the biogas power generation planning system according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, it is assumed that the biogas generator 30 is automatically controlled based on the biogas generator control amount 50.

<Configuration example of biogas power generation planning system>
FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration example of the biogas power generation planning system 1B according to the third embodiment.
In the biogas power generation planning system 1B, the biogas generator 30 can be automatically controlled based on the biogas generator control amount 50. Therefore, the biogas power generation planning device 10 is newly provided with the biogas generator control unit 14.

The biogas generator control unit 14 acquires the biogas generator control amount 50 created by the biogas generator operation planning unit 13, and operates the biogas generator 30 based on the biogas generator control amount 50. Control automatically. Therefore, the worker does not have to control the biogas generator 30, and the biogas generator 30 can be driven for 24 hours, for example. By displaying the biogas generator control amount 50 output from the biogas generator operation planning unit 13 on the display device 65 shown in FIG. 2, the worker confirms the biogas generator control amount 50. The biogas generator 30 may be driven manually.

In the biogas power generation planning system 1B according to the third embodiment described above, the biogas generator control unit 14 can automatically control the biogas generator 30. Therefore, labor saving can be promoted when driving the biogas generator 30, and a plurality of biogas generators 30 and generators 20 can be driven at the same time by the biogas power generation planning system 1B.

In the biogas power generation planning system 1B as well, as shown in FIG. 9, the biogas generator 30 may be controlled according to the power demand by inputting the power demand forecast 70.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various other application examples and modifications can be taken as long as the gist of the present invention described in the claims is not deviated.
For example, each of the above-described embodiments describes in detail and concretely the configurations of the apparatus and the system in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to those including all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of the embodiment described here with the configuration of another embodiment, and further, it is possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. It is possible. It is also possible to add, delete, or replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.
In addition, the control lines and information lines indicate those that are considered necessary for explanation, and do not necessarily indicate all the control lines and information lines in the product. In practice, it can be considered that almost all configurations are interconnected.

1 ... Biogas power generation planning system, 10 ... Biogas power generation planning device, 11 ... Model generator, 11a ... Generator model, 11b ... Biogas generator model, 12 ... Biogas generator state quantity database, 13 ... Biogas Generator operation planning department, 20 ... generator, 30 ... biogas generator, 40 ... power market price, 50 ... biogas generator control amount

Claims (9)

A biogas generator that produces biogas according to the set control amount,
A generator that uses the biogas generated by the biogas generator as fuel to generate electricity,
A biogas power generation planning device for driving the biogas generator and creating an operation plan for biogas power generation to cause the generator to generate power is provided.
The biogas power generation planning device is
A model generation unit that generates a biogas generator model that models the gas unit price of the biogas generated by the biogas generator, and a generator model that models the power generation efficiency of the generator.
Based on the control parameters input from the outside and the biogas generator parameters input from the biogas generator, the profit forecast amount obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator and the generator model. And the control amount for driving the biogas generator is calculated based on the biogas generator model, and the generator and the biogas generator are co-operated so as to increase the expected profit amount. A biogas power generation planning system including an operation planning unit that creates the operation plan to be performed. In the generator model, the power generation efficiency with respect to the gas consumption of the biogas consumed by the generator is modeled.
The biogas power generation planning system according to claim 1, wherein in the biogas generator model, the gas unit price of the biogas with respect to the temperature inside the biogas generator is modeled. The operation planning unit inputs power value information representing the value of the power sold as the control parameter, and the biogas generator state amount representing the state of the biogas generator as the biogas generator parameter. And the amount of biogas produced by the biogas generator as inputs, and based on the combination of the power value information, the amount of state of the biogas generator, and the amount of biogas produced, the biogas in the future. The biogas power generation planning system according to claim 2, wherein the state amount of the gas generator is calculated, and the profit forecast amount in a predetermined period is calculated for each state amount of the biogas generator in the future. According to claim 3, the operation planning unit calculates the control amount according to the power generation amount of the generator that changes according to the weather information input as the control parameter and the temperature inside the biogas generator. The biogas power generation planning system described. The biogas generator state quantity includes at least the temperature inside the biogas generator, the hydrogen ion index inside the biogas generator, and the amount of nitrogen compounds charged into the biogas generator.
The operation planning unit is input to the biogas generator in order to adjust the temperature inside the biogas generator and the hydrogen ion index inside the biogas generator based on the power value information. The biogas power generation planning system according to claim 4, wherein the controlled amount reflecting the amount of the nitrogen compound is calculated. The biogas generator uses the waste heat of the generator to generate the biogas, and the amount of the biogas produced increases as the waste heat temperature of the waste heat increases. Biogas power generation planning system. The biogas power generation planning system according to claim 3, wherein the operation planning unit calculates the control amount so as to change the power generation amount of the generator according to the power demand forecast input as the control parameter. The biogas power generation planning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a biogas generator control unit that automatically controls the operation of the biogas generator based on the controlled amount. A biogas generator model that represents the operation of a biogas generator that generates biogas according to a set control amount, and a generator that represents the operation of a generator that uses the biogas generated by the biogas generator as fuel to generate electricity. A model generator that generates a model and
Control parameters input from the outside and biogas input from the biogas generator in order to create an operation plan for biogas power generation that drives the biogas generator and causes the generator to generate power. To drive the biogas generator based on the profit forecast amount obtained by selling the electricity generated by the generator based on the generator parameters and the generator model and the biogas generator model. A biogas power generation planning device including an operation planning unit that calculates the control amount and creates the operation plan for causing the generator and the biogas generator to perform cooperative operation so that the profit forecast amount becomes large. ..

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