JP7357638B2 - アップリンク超高信頼性低レイテンシ通信のための反復ベースの送信 - Google Patents

アップリンク超高信頼性低レイテンシ通信のための反復ベースの送信 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP7357638B2
JP7357638B2 JP2020556750A JP2020556750A JP7357638B2 JP 7357638 B2 JP7357638 B2 JP 7357638B2 JP 2020556750 A JP2020556750 A JP 2020556750A JP 2020556750 A JP2020556750 A JP 2020556750A JP 7357638 B2 JP7357638 B2 JP 7357638B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
window
repetition
tti
transmission
transport block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2020556750A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPWO2019204626A5 (https=
JP2021521707A5 (https=
JP2021521707A (ja
Inventor
セイエドキアノウシュ・ホセイニ
ワンシ・チェン
ピーター・ガール
Original Assignee
クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド filed Critical クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド
Publication of JP2021521707A publication Critical patent/JP2021521707A/ja
Publication of JPWO2019204626A5 publication Critical patent/JPWO2019204626A5/ja
Publication of JP2021521707A5 publication Critical patent/JP2021521707A5/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP7357638B2 publication Critical patent/JP7357638B2/ja
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/189Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of a message
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061Error detection codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0072Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1887Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1896ARQ related signaling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602Signal structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H04L27/2607Cyclic extensions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0064Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0078Timing of allocation
    • H04L5/0082Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
    • H04L5/0092Indication of how the channel is divided
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/04Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0006Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
    • H04L1/0007Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • H04L5/001Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023Time-frequency-space
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • H04L5/0039Frequency-contiguous, i.e. with no allocation of frequencies for one user or terminal between the frequencies allocated to another

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
JP2020556750A 2018-04-19 2019-04-18 アップリンク超高信頼性低レイテンシ通信のための反復ベースの送信 Active JP7357638B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862660229P 2018-04-19 2018-04-19
US62/660,229 2018-04-19
US201862670386P 2018-05-11 2018-05-11
US62/670,386 2018-05-11
US16/387,348 US12057945B2 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-04-17 Repetition-based transmissions for uplink ultra-reliable low latency communication
US16/387,348 2019-04-17
PCT/US2019/028154 WO2019204626A1 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-04-18 Repetition-based transmissions for uplink ultra-reliable low latency communication

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2021521707A JP2021521707A (ja) 2021-08-26
JPWO2019204626A5 JPWO2019204626A5 (https=) 2022-04-11
JP2021521707A5 JP2021521707A5 (https=) 2022-04-11
JP7357638B2 true JP7357638B2 (ja) 2023-10-06

Family

ID=68236635

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2020556750A Active JP7357638B2 (ja) 2018-04-19 2019-04-18 アップリンク超高信頼性低レイテンシ通信のための反復ベースの送信

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US12057945B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP3782312A1 (https=)
JP (1) JP7357638B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR102783056B1 (https=)
CN (1) CN111989881B (https=)
AU (1) AU2019255767B2 (https=)
BR (1) BR112020021316A2 (https=)
SG (1) SG11202009271YA (https=)
TW (1) TWI842705B (https=)
WO (1) WO2019204626A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3629505A1 (en) * 2018-09-25 2020-04-01 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America User equipment and base station involved in transmission of data
CN114830589B (zh) 2020-02-04 2024-06-18 Lg电子株式会社 无线通信系统中重复发送上行链路信道的方法和设备
US20240205891A1 (en) * 2021-03-30 2024-06-20 Nokia Technologies Oy Enhanced semi-persistent scheduling (sps) operations
US12401482B2 (en) * 2021-11-05 2025-08-26 Qualcomm Incorporated User equipment feedback on number of repetitions needed for decoding
US12191991B2 (en) * 2022-01-06 2025-01-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Self-decodable data portion for physical uplink repetition

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160143017A1 (en) 2013-07-26 2016-05-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for transmitting signal for mtc and apparatus for same
WO2018033112A1 (zh) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 株式会社Ntt都科摩 通知和确定上行链路数据重复模式的方法、用户设备和基站

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2635082A1 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-09-04 Panasonic Corporation Dynamic subframe bundling
EP2847912B1 (en) * 2012-05-11 2019-02-27 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) A method and apparatus for dynamic control of tti bundling sizes
US9497740B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2016-11-15 Intel Corporation ANDSF parameters for WLAN network selection
EP2901603B1 (en) 2012-09-28 2019-11-13 Intel Corporation Dynamic hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (harq-ack) transmission with enhanced physical downlink control channels
WO2014075270A1 (zh) 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 华为技术有限公司 信息传输的方法、基站和用户设备
US9485763B2 (en) 2013-01-14 2016-11-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and user equipment for receiving downlink signal and method and base station for transmitting downlink signal
US9775134B2 (en) * 2013-09-20 2017-09-26 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. System and method for coverage enhancements of broadcast channels
US9444586B2 (en) 2013-10-07 2016-09-13 Qualcomm Incorporated TTI-bundling and SPS operation in LTE TDD
EP3033903B1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2020-10-14 HFI Innovation Inc. Method for channel quality report
US10791546B2 (en) 2014-11-07 2020-09-29 Qualcomm Incorporated PUCCH for MTC devices
WO2016119232A1 (en) 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Methods for determination of repetition number of physical data channel
US10631330B2 (en) * 2015-04-03 2020-04-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Random access procedures under coverage limitations
JP6725497B2 (ja) * 2015-04-09 2020-07-22 株式会社Nttドコモ ユーザ端末、無線基地局及び無線通信方法
US10149255B2 (en) 2015-05-01 2018-12-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Low latency uplink power control
US10863492B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2020-12-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Low latency device-to-device communication
US10187878B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-22 Asustek Computer Inc. Method and apparatus for improving a transmission using a configured resource in a wireless communication system
US11259148B2 (en) * 2016-07-10 2022-02-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for receiving MBMS service by terminal and device supporting same
US10764759B2 (en) * 2016-08-08 2020-09-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for transmitting and receiving wireless signal and device for same
US10904909B2 (en) * 2018-01-23 2021-01-26 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. System and method for time domain grant-free PUSCH resource allocation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160143017A1 (en) 2013-07-26 2016-05-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for transmitting signal for mtc and apparatus for same
WO2018033112A1 (zh) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 株式会社Ntt都科摩 通知和确定上行链路数据重复模式的方法、用户设备和基站
JP2019525670A (ja) 2016-08-19 2019-09-05 株式会社Nttドコモ 上りリンクデータ繰り返しモードを通知、確定する方法、ユーザ装置および基地局

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Ericsson,Output of LTE URLLC offline discussion [online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #92 R1-1803165, [検索日: 2023年3月10日],インターネット <URL: https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_RAN/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_92/Docs/R1-1803165.zip>,2018年03月05日
Ericsson,URLLC techniques for PUSCH [online],3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting #92 R1-1802881, [検索日: 2023年3月10日],インターネット <URL: https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_RAN/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_92/Docs/R1-1802881.zip>,2018年02月16日
Huawei, HiSilicon,Reliability enhancement for grant-free transmission [online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #92bis R1-1804296, [検索日: 2023年3月10日],インターネット <URL: https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_RAN/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_92b/Docs/R1-1804296.zip>,2018年04月07日
Qualcomm Incorporated,Uplink Enhancements for URLLC [online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #92b R1-1804934, [検索日: 2023年3月10日],インターネット <URL: https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_RAN/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_92b/Docs/R1-1804934.zip>,2018年04月07日
Samsung,Discussion on Repetition for UL SPS [online],3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #92bis R1-1804342, [検索日: 2023年3月10日],インターネット <URL: https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/TSG_RAN/WG1_RL1/TSGR1_92b/Docs/R1-1804342.zip>,2018年04月07日

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW201944752A (zh) 2019-11-16
SG11202009271YA (en) 2020-11-27
WO2019204626A1 (en) 2019-10-24
US12057945B2 (en) 2024-08-06
AU2019255767A1 (en) 2020-10-22
JP2021521707A (ja) 2021-08-26
KR102783056B1 (ko) 2025-03-18
CN111989881A (zh) 2020-11-24
AU2019255767B2 (en) 2024-05-16
KR20210003104A (ko) 2021-01-11
BR112020021316A2 (pt) 2021-01-19
CN111989881B (zh) 2024-04-19
US20190327064A1 (en) 2019-10-24
TWI842705B (zh) 2024-05-21
EP3782312A1 (en) 2021-02-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI768190B (zh) 在頻寬部分切換期間的準共置假設
JP7357638B2 (ja) アップリンク超高信頼性低レイテンシ通信のための反復ベースの送信
US11705998B2 (en) Repetition-based transmissions
JP2022533649A (ja) クロスヌメロロジのためのクロススロットスケジューリング
CN113647185B (zh) 用于上行链路传输的资源映射和波形生成
EP3695550B1 (en) Downlink demodulation reference signal sharing for short transmission time intervals
KR20210045396A (ko) 캐리어 어그리게이션에 대한 동기화된 스케줄링
EP3777423A1 (en) Preemption indication for low latency communications on dynamically allocated resources
EP3711219A1 (en) Repetition-based transmissions and hybrid automatic repeat request retransmissions
CN111713162B (zh) 用于重合的传输时间区间中的传输的冲突避免
CN111316586A (zh) 在缩短的上行链路共享信道上进行上行链路控制信息映射
EP3688911B1 (en) Methods and devices for dynamic clock switching within a transmission time internal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20220401

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20220401

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20230313

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20230320

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20230510

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20230710

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20230809

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20230828

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20230926

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 7357638

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150