JP7333154B2 - stairs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to public passages such as stations, stairs used in buildings, etc., especially outdoors or near outdoors, where rainwater blows in or rainwater drips from umbrellas held by passers-by when it rains. There is something about stairs.

Stairs using stone materials for treads and risers are often used in buildings used as public passages such as stations and underground malls and commercial facilities. Such a staircase has good durability and an excellent appearance. Patent Document 1 and the like propose a staircase in which a step member made of a steel plate affixed with a stone material is used for each step. Such a staircase makes it possible to efficiently perform work at the construction site of the staircase and to reduce the weight of the staircase.

JP-A-4-166548 JP-A-2000-64547 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-262021

However, the conventional stairs have the following problems that need to be solved.
In a public stairway or the like, when the staircase is installed near the outdoors and the wind is strong, rainwater may blow onto the stairway. In addition, when it rains, rainwater drips from umbrellas held by passers-by, and the treads of the stairs may become wet or remain like puddles. In such a state, passers-by are likely to slip, which may lead to accidents. In addition, stagnant rainwater splashes and may cause discomfort to passers-by, and the appearance is not good.

Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose stairs that prevent rainwater and the like from accumulating on the tread surface by using a water-permeable member on the tread surface to permeate and drain rainwater. However, the treads of these staircases are made of water-permeable materials, and permeated rainwater falls below the treads through a permeation port directly below the treads. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to be applicable to stairs leading to the basement and stairs in which the lower space is used, and to prevent rainwater and the like from accumulating on the treads. to provide a staircase that drains quickly without

In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention according to claim 1 provides a staircase in which a step member is arranged for each step, wherein the step member is supported substantially horizontally along the tread surface of the staircase. a support substrate having a horizontal portion formed by the horizontal portion and a hanging portion bent downward from a tip side of the horizontal portion; a tread block fixed on the horizontal portion of the support substrate; and the hanging of the support substrate. a riser block fixed to the side of the part where the riser surface is formed; The tread block has water permeability in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and a plurality of grooves are formed at intervals in the width direction of the stair on the lower surface of the nosing block and the back side of the riser block. The groove formed in the nosing block communicates with the groove formed in the riser block to form a water flow path extending from the surface of the nosing block facing the tread block to the lower end of the riser block. Provide stairs that are.

In this staircase, rainwater, etc., blown onto the treads or dripped from passers-by's umbrellas, etc., penetrates into the tread blocks with water permeability, and the water flow channel formed from the tread blocks to the nosing blocks and the riser blocks. It flows down to the lower stage side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent rainwater from accumulating on the tread surface, suppress the slipperiness of the tread surface, and maintain a good appearance even when it rains.

The invention according to claim 2 is the staircase according to claim 1, wherein the support substrate has a raised portion in which an upper end of the horizontal portion is bent upward, and the tread block and the raised portion A drainage channel is formed in the width direction of the staircase between and, and the water flow channel formed by the groove of the riser block opens above the drainage channel or above the upper end of the tread block. It is assumed that

In this staircase, rainwater or the like that has flowed down from the upper step member to the lower step member through a plurality of water channels can be stored in the drain channel and drained to the side of the staircase. In addition, rainwater or the like that falls on the tread block of each step and permeates to the rear side can be drained to the side of the stairs through the drainage channel. Therefore, it is possible to quickly drain rainwater, etc., from the central portion, where many passers-by, to the side portions of the stairs, and to effectively avoid stagnation on the treads even when the amount of rainwater, etc. dripping on the treads is large. .

The invention according to claim 3 is the staircase according to claim 2, wherein a groove extending from the rear end to the surface facing the nosing block is formed in the lower surface of the tread block near the end in the width direction of the stair. grooves are formed in the nosing block and the riser block at positions corresponding to the grooves of the tread block, and the grooves formed in the tread block, the nosing block, and the riser block communicate with each other; It is assumed that a side flow channel is formed from the drainage channel to the drainage channel formed in the lower stage member.

In this staircase, there is no provision of a gutter for draining rainwater from the upper level to the lower level, or a facility with an equivalent function, and the side water channel provided on the side of the step member allows water to flow down from the upper level. It is possible to quickly make the rainwater or the like that runs down the lower stage side. Therefore, it is possible to provide a staircase with a good appearance without providing a gutter on the side of the staircase, which is likely to get dirty, and to prevent rainwater or the like, which flows down from the upper tier side, from accumulating on the lower tier side.

As described above, in the stairs of the present invention, even if rainwater blows in or rainwater drips from an umbrella held by a passerby when it rains, rainwater or the like is quickly drained without stagnation on the tread. .

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a staircase that is an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the staircase shown in Figure 1; FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the stairs shown in FIG. 1; 2 is a cross-sectional view of a step member used in the stair shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a front view of the step member shown in FIG. 4 and a plan sectional view of the riser; FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the step member shown in FIG. 4 and a cross-sectional elevational view of the tread portion; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing part of the stairs shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing part of a staircase that is another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing part of a staircase that is another embodiment of the present invention;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a staircase that is one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the structure of each stage.
This staircase leads from the ground level to an underground railway station or underground passageway. A shed (not shown) is provided at the outlet to the ground surface, but rainwater may blow in when there is wind. Also, the exit to the ground level is provided adjacent to the street, and many passers-by who used umbrellas in the rain hold folded umbrellas and use the stairs. For this reason, a lot of rainwater may drip onto the treads of the stairs.

This staircase has an inclined structure 1 of reinforced concrete which is inclined in the ground, and both sides of the inclined structure 1 are continuous with walls 2 which are formed of reinforced concrete. . Each step of the stairs is formed by fixing a step member 3 on the inclined structure portion 1 for each step.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 to 6, each step member 3 consists of a supporting substrate 10 formed by bending a steel plate, and a tread block 20, a riser block 30, and a nosing block attached to the supporting substrate 10. 40 and the main part are configured.
The support substrate 10 includes a substantially horizontal horizontal portion 11, a hanging portion 12 bent downward from the tip of the horizontal portion, that is, the edge on the nosing side, and a rear end of the horizontal portion 11 bent upward. It has a raised portion 13 . Projections 14 and 15 are provided at the lower end of the hanging portion 12 and the upper end of the rising portion 13, and as shown in FIG. forming Moreover, the upper surface 15a of the protrusion 15 provided at the upper end of the rising portion 13 is also substantially horizontal, and as shown in FIG. A horizontal plane formed at 12 is opposed to the horizontal plane with a gap therebetween.
Incidentally, the support substrate 10 can be used by bending a general structural steel plate. In addition, a material having sufficient strength, such as a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin plate reinforced with glass fiber, carbon fiber, mineral fiber, or the like, can also be used.

The tread block 20 is attached on the horizontal portion 11 of the support substrate 10, and the riser block 30 is attached on the front surface of the hanging portion 12 of the support substrate 10, that is, on the side where the rise surface of the hanging portion is formed. ing. The nosing block 40 covers the corner where the horizontal portion and the hanging portion of the support substrate 10 are continuous, the lower surface of the nosing block 40 faces the upper end surface of the riser block 30, and the rear end surface of the nosing block It is fixed so as to face the front end face of the tread block 20 .

The tread block 20 is made of a material having water permeability. In addition, since it is repeatedly stepped on by passers-by, it is desirable to use a material that is wear-resistant and has sufficient strength. For the tread block 20, for example, an aggregate whose particle size is adjusted is solidified with cement paste or mortar, and voids are formed between the particles of the aggregate. The voids between the aggregates communicate with each other and have water permeability in the vertical and horizontal directions.
The water-permeable tread block 20 may be made of a cement-based material, as described above, or may be made of an aggregate whose particle size is adjusted and bound with a coagulant such as a synthetic resin. A sintered granular material or the like may also be used.

For the riser block 30, it is desirable to use a stone material such as a molded natural stone, a cement-based aggregate, or a calcined mineral material. A similar material can be used for the nosing block 40, but it is particularly desirable to use a material having wear resistance.

The tread block 20 , the riser block 30 and the nosing block 40 are each fixed to the support substrate 10 with an adhesive 53 . Further, the tread block 20 and the nosing block 40 and the nosing block 40 and the riser block 30 are also joined by the adhesive 54 . Slits are formed in the facing surfaces of the nosing block 40 and the riser block 30, and steel plates (not shown) are inserted into these slits and fixed with an adhesive to reinforce the connection between the two blocks. You can also

As shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7, the riser block 30 is provided with a plurality of grooves 31 extending from the upper end to the lower end on the rear surface, that is, the surface to be adhered to the support substrate 10 . These grooves 31 are, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of grooves 31a provided at small intervals near the side ends, and a plurality of grooves 31b provided at the central portion of the staircase at larger intervals than near the side ends. There is. These grooves 31 form a space between the riser block 30 and the support substrate 10 when the riser block 30 is attached to the support substrate 10, and serve as a water channel.

Further, on the rear side of the lower surface of the nosing block 40 , that is, on the side facing the tread block 20 , a groove 41 is formed from the surface facing the tread block 20 toward the nosing side. In this state, a space is formed between the nosing block 40 and the support substrate 10 . These grooves 41 correspond to the grooves 31 formed in the riser block 30 in the width direction of the stairs. A plurality of grooves 41b are provided at large intervals. A plurality of grooves 41 provided in the nosing block 40 while attached to the support substrate 10 communicate with the grooves 31 provided in the riser block.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 7, a plurality of grooves 21 are formed in the lower surface of the tread block 20 from the tip, that is, the surface facing the nosing block 40 to the rear end. These grooves 21 correspond to the grooves 41a and 31a formed near the side ends of the nosing block 40 and the riser block 30 in the width direction of the stairs. As a result, the groove 21 provided near the side end of the tread block 20 communicates with the grooves 41a and 31a formed in the nosing block 40 and the riser block 30 as shown in FIGS. A side water channel 51 extending from the rear end of the block 20 to the lower end of the riser block 30 is formed.

Note that the tread block 20 does not have a groove in the central portion in the width direction of the stairs. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the rear ends of the grooves 41b provided in the nosing block 40 at large intervals face the end face of the tread block 20 on the tip side. Together with the grooves 31b provided in the riser block 30, the grooves 41a provided at large intervals form a central running water channel 52 extending from the surface facing the tread block 20 to the lower end of the riser block 30. there is As a result, rainwater or the like that has permeated the permeable tread block 20 permeates the tread block 20 and flows into the groove 41b formed in the nosing block 40 from the front end face of the tread block 20 . Then, it flows down through a central water channel 52 in which the groove 41b formed in the nosing block 40 and the groove 31b formed in the riser block communicate with each other, and reaches the lower end of the riser.
Since the tread block 20 is to be stepped on repeatedly by a passerby, the formation of a groove in the central portion as described above is avoided to prevent the strength of the tread block 20 having water permeability from being lowered. there is

The grooves formed in the tread block 20, the riser block 30, and the nosing block 40 form the side water channel 51 and the central water channel 52, and support each block so that rainwater, etc., can be maintained flowing down. The adhesive 53 that adheres to the substrate 10 and the adhesive 54 that joins the blocks are applied so as not to block the grooves formed in the respective blocks.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the tread block 20 is fixed with a gap provided between the rear end and the rising portion 13 provided on the support substrate 10 . A gap between the rear end surface of the tread block 20 and the rising portion 13 forms a drainage channel 55 for guiding rainwater laterally.

The step member 3, in which the tread block 20, the nosing block 40 and the riser block 30 are fixed to the support substrate 10 as described above, is fixed on the inclined structure portion 1 by mortar 56 or concrete. The mortar 56 is desirably dry-kneaded mortar, and the step members 3 can be fixed sequentially from the lowest step by the following steps.
After supplying a predetermined amount of dry-kneaded mortar in which cement and aggregate are mixed without containing water onto the inclined structure 1, a water-soluble mortar hardening accelerator or water is sprayed to supply water. Further, cement paste is spread on the surface, and an adhesive 57 is placed on the protrusion 15 provided at the upper end of the rising portion 13 of the lower stage member. Then, the stepped member 3 is placed on the dry mortar, pushed down to a predetermined height, and the tread surface is set horizontally. At this time, the horizontal lower surface of the protruding portion 14 provided at the lower end of the hanging portion 12 sandwiches the adhesive 57 between it and the rising portion 13 on the lower side to prevent the mortar from flowing out. The step member 3 installed at the predetermined position in this way is fixed on the inclined structure portion 1 by hardening the mortar.

As shown in FIG. 3, the step members 3 which are fixed in sequence in this manner are connected to the riser block 30 of the upper step member 3-1 which is provided at the rear end of the lower step member 3-2. 13 is set so as to be on the nosing side. That is, the lower ends of the side water channel 51 and the central water channel 52 formed in the riser of the upper step member 3-1 are positioned above the rear portion of the tread surface of the lower step member 3-2 or behind the tread block 20. An opening is provided above the provided drainage channel 55, and rainwater or the like flowing down from the upper side to the lower side is discharged near the rear end of the tread block 20 of the lower side step member 3-2 or the drainage channel 55 of the lower side step member 3-2. It flows down to As a result, rainwater or the like that has flowed down to the lower side is quickly collected in the drainage channel 55 and drained to the side of the stairs.

In such a stairway, rainwater blown onto the tread surface and rainwater dripped onto the tread surface from an umbrella held by a passer-by permeates the tread block 20 having water permeability. As a result, it is possible to prevent the water from staying on the tread and causing a puddle, or from splashing onto the passerby. The rainwater permeating into the tread block 20 is introduced from the nosing side into the central water channel 52 formed by the groove 41b provided in the nosing block 40, and passes through the groove 31b provided in the riser block 30 to the lower tier. flow down onto the side step members. The rainwater that has flowed down to the lower side flows into a drainage channel 55 provided at the rear portion of the step member 3, flows sideways, and flows into a plurality of side water channels 51 provided at the side portions of the step member 3. Also, part of the rainwater permeates the tread block 20, flows into the side water channel 51, and flows down to the lower stage side. On the other hand, rainwater that permeates the tread block 20 and flows rearward flows into a drainage channel 55 provided behind the tread block 20 , flows sideways, and is introduced into the side drainage channel 51 . The rainwater that drips onto the tread in this manner is quickly guided to the side water channel 51 . The side water channels 51 communicate from the rear end of the tread block 20 to the lower surface of the riser block 30 to allow rainwater to quickly flow down to the lower side. The step member 3 is successively flowed downward to perform drainage treatment under the stairs.

By draining water from the treads in this way, it is not necessary to provide gutters on the sides of the stairs. The gutters provided on the sides of the stairs tend to collect dirt and spoil the appearance. In addition, if rainwater flows from the gutter onto the tread surface, the tread surface will become dirty, further deteriorating the appearance. The staircase can avoid such stains and maintain a good appearance.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of a staircase that is another embodiment of the present invention.
This staircase is formed by arranging step members 62 on inclined steel girders 61, so-called stringers. A support frame 63 is fixed to the upper surface of the steel girder 61 in accordance with the interval at which the step member 62 is arranged, and the upper surface of the support frame 63 is horizontal.

The step member 62 includes a support base plate 64, a tread block 65 fixed to the support base plate 64, a nosing block 66, and a riser block 67, similar to the step member 3 shown in FIGS. ing. These tread blocks 65, nosing blocks 66 and riser blocks 67 are formed with grooves in the same manner as the step member 3 shown in FIG. A water-permeable tread block 65 has a central water channel 69 formed from the front end to the lower side, and a lateral drainage channel 70 behind the tread.

On the other hand, in this step member 62, a rear support leg 71 is provided at the rear portion of the tread surface in order to support the steel girder 61, and a front support portion 72 continuously integrated with the support base plate 64 is provided at the front portion. It is formed on the back side of the riser. At the rear portion of the support substrate 63, an upper support portion 73 is provided which is bent backward from the upper end of the raised portion which is bent upward.
The rear support leg 71 is fixed to the rear portion of the support base plate 64 and supports the step member 62 on the support frame 63 at a predetermined height.
The front support portion 72 is provided so as to be continuous with the hanging portion that is bent downward from the tread portion of the support board 64 and bent substantially horizontally rearward. This front support portion 72 is supported via a support pad 74 on an upper stage support portion 73 provided at the rear portion of the lower stage member.
In addition, reference numeral 75 in FIG. 8 denotes a reinforcement member for reinforcing the front support portion 72, and reference numeral 76 denotes a reinforcement member for reinforcing the upper support portion 73. As shown in FIG.

Even in such a staircase, as in the case of the stairs shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, rainwater dripping onto the tread surface can be permeated into the tread block 65 and drained quickly.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of a staircase that is another embodiment of the present invention.
This staircase is a modification of an existing staircase, and a step member is provided so as to cover the tread surface and riser surface of the existing staircase.
The step member 81 used in this staircase can have the same configuration as those shown in FIGS. The dimensions of the tread portion 83 and the riser portion 84 are set. These step members 81 can be fixed by interposing mortar 86 between the treads and risers of the existing stairs 82 and the supporting substrate 85 of the step members 81 and curing the mortar.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented in other forms within the scope of the present invention, and the shape, size, material, etc. of each member can be determined as appropriate.

1: inclined structure, 2: wall, 3: step member,
10: support substrate, 11: horizontal portion of support substrate, 12: hanging portion of support substrate, 13: upright portion of support substrate, 14: protruding portion at lower end of hanging portion, 15: protruding portion at upper end of rising portion,
20: tread block, 21: groove on the lower surface of the tread block,
30: Riser block 31: Groove on back of riser block 31a: Side groove 31b: Center groove
40: Nosing block 41: Groove on lower surface of nosing block 41a: Side groove 41b: Center groove
51: Side running water channel, 52: Central running water channel, 53: Adhesive for bonding each block and support substrate, 54: Adhesive for bonding between blocks, 55: Drainage channel (tread block and rising part) gap), 56: Mortar, 57: Adhesive for sealing between the upper stage member and the lower stage member,
61: Steel girder (stringer), 62: Step member, 63: Support frame, 64: Support base plate, 65: Tread block, 66: Nosing block, 67: Riser block, 68: Side flow channel, 69: Center 70: Drainage channel 71: Rear support leg 72: Front support part 73: Upper stage support part 74: Support pad 75: Reinforcement member 76: Reinforcement member
81: step member, 82: existing stairs, 83: tread portion, 84: riser, 85: support substrate, 86: mortar

Claims (3)

A staircase in which step members are arranged for each step,
The step member is
a support substrate having a horizontal portion supported substantially horizontally along the tread surface of the stairs, and a hanging portion bent downward from the tip side of the horizontal portion;
a tread block fixed on the horizontal portion of the support substrate;
a riser block fixed to a side where a riser surface is formed of the hanging portion of the support substrate;
a nosing block fixed so as to cover a corner where the horizontal portion and the hanging portion of the support substrate are continuous;
The tread block has vertical and horizontal water permeability,
A plurality of grooves are formed at intervals in the width direction of the stairs on the lower surface of the nosing block and the back side of the riser block,
The groove formed in the nosing block communicates with the groove formed in the riser block, and a water flow path is formed from the surface of the nosing block facing the tread block to the lower end of the riser block. A staircase characterized by: the support substrate has a raised portion formed by bending an upper end of the horizontal portion upward;
A drainage channel is formed in the width direction of the stair between the tread block and the rising portion,
2. The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the water channel formed by the groove of the riser block opens above the drainage channel or above the upper end of the tread block. A groove extending from the rear end to the surface facing the nosing block is formed in the lower surface of the tread block near the end in the width direction of the staircase,
Grooves are formed in the nosing blocks and the riser blocks at positions corresponding to the grooves of the tread block,
The grooves respectively formed in the tread blocks, the nosing blocks, and the riser blocks communicate with each other to form a side running water channel extending from the drainage channel to the drainage channel formed in the lower step member. The staircase according to claim 2.

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