JP7320052B2 - Food material for sauce - Google Patents
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- JP7320052B2 JP7320052B2 JP2021514741A JP2021514741A JP7320052B2 JP 7320052 B2 JP7320052 B2 JP 7320052B2 JP 2021514741 A JP2021514741 A JP 2021514741A JP 2021514741 A JP2021514741 A JP 2021514741A JP 7320052 B2 JP7320052 B2 JP 7320052B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L23/00—Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L35/00—Food or foodstuffs not provided for in groups A23L5/00 – A23L33/00; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L9/00—Puddings; Cream substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L9/20—Cream substitutes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
Description
本発明は、改質小麦粉を含有するソース用食品素材に関する。 The present invention relates to a food material for sauce containing modified wheat flour.
小麦粉は、パンや麺の生地や油ちょう食品の衣材の原料粉、ソースの基材等の食品材料として使用され、さらにパンや麺の生地の製造において、手や道具への生地の接着防止用の粉として用いられている。小麦粉は、水と混ぜると不均一に混ざってそぼろ状になったり、べたついたりしやすいため、食品材料としての作業性は必ずしも良いものではない。一方で、一旦水と混ぜた小麦粉は速やかに調理に用いたほうがよく、さもないと得られた食品が硬くなるかざらついた食感になることがある。 Wheat flour is used as a raw material for bread and noodle dough, as a coating material for fried foods, and as a food material such as a base material for sauces. It is used as a powder for Wheat flour, when mixed with water, tends to be unevenly mixed and become crumbly or sticky, and thus workability as a food material is not necessarily good. On the other hand, the flour, once mixed with water, should be used for cooking immediately, otherwise the resulting food may have a hard or gritty texture.
特許文献1には、特定の粒子径の粉を所定量含む薄力小麦粉が、ダマの生成や粉の飛散が少なく作業性が良いことが記載されている。特許文献2には、小麦粉を含む原料粉と水とを非加熱条件下で造粒することで、ダマの生成や粉の飛散が少ない作業性の良い造粒小麦粉が得られることが記載されている。特許文献3には、小麦粉を脱水後に100℃以上で熱処理することで、水に分散させて加熱した場合に不粘着性で滑らかなテクスチャーを有する粉が得られることが記載されている。特許文献4には、原料小麦粉を湿熱処理又は乾熱処理して得られる、RVAピーク粘度が3500~7000mPasで、糊化開始温度が原料小麦粉よりも10℃以上低い改質小麦粉が、水への分散性が良好で作業性がよく、油ちょう食品の衣に適していることが記載されている。特許文献5~9には、特定の粒径、α化度及び粘度を有する湿熱処理小麦粉をベーカリー類用、油ちょう食品の衣材用、ソース用、又はお好み焼き類用の小麦粉として使用することが記載されている。 Patent Literature 1 describes that soft wheat flour containing a predetermined amount of flour with a specific particle size has good workability with less lump formation and less scattering of flour. Patent Document 2 describes that granulated wheat flour with good workability and less lump formation and less scattering of flour can be obtained by granulating raw material flour containing wheat flour and water under unheated conditions. there is Patent Document 3 describes that by heat-treating wheat flour at 100° C. or higher after dehydration, it is possible to obtain powder having a non-sticky and smooth texture when dispersed in water and heated. In Patent Document 4, modified wheat flour obtained by wet heat treatment or dry heat treatment of raw wheat flour, having an RVA peak viscosity of 3500 to 7000 mPas and a gelatinization start temperature lower than that of raw wheat flour by 10 ° C. or more is dispersed in water. It is described that it has good properties, good workability, and is suitable for coating fried foods. Patent Documents 5 to 9 disclose that wet-heat treated wheat flour having a specific particle size, degree of alpha conversion, and viscosity can be used as flour for bakery products, coating materials for fried foods, sauces, or okonomiyaki. Are listed.
本発明は、作業性が良く、かつ滑らかで口溶けの良い好ましい食感を有するソースを製造することができるソース用食品素材に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a food material for a sauce, which is easy to work with, and which can be used to produce a sauce having a smooth texture and a favorable meltability in the mouth.
本発明は、ソース用食品素材であって、
改質小麦粉を10質量%以上含有し、
該改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却したときの該水懸濁液の粘度は1000mPa・s以下であり、かつ該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したときの該水懸濁液の分散度は90%以下である、
ソース用食品素材を提供する。
また本発明は、前記ソース用食品素材を水分と共に加熱することを含む、ソースの製造方法を提供する。
また本発明は、ソース用食品素材の製造における改質小麦粉の使用であって、
該ソース用食品素材は該改質小麦粉を10質量%以上含有し、
該改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却したときの該水懸濁液の粘度は1000mPa・s以下であり、かつ該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したときの該水懸濁液の分散度は90%以下である、
使用を提供する。The present invention is a food material for sauce,
Containing 10% by mass or more of modified wheat flour,
When the 10% by mass aqueous suspension of the modified wheat flour is heated to 85° C. and then cooled to 25° C., the viscosity of the aqueous suspension is 1000 mPa s or less, and the aqueous suspension is 85% by weight. After heating to ° C., cooling to 25 ° C., and then standing still for 24 hours, the dispersion degree of the water suspension is 90% or less.
The Company provides food ingredients for sauces.
The present invention also provides a method for producing sauce, which comprises heating the food material for sauce together with water.
The present invention also relates to the use of modified wheat flour in the production of food ingredients for sauces,
The food material for sauce contains 10% by mass or more of the modified wheat flour,
When the 10% by mass aqueous suspension of the modified wheat flour is heated to 85° C. and then cooled to 25° C., the viscosity of the aqueous suspension is 1000 mPa s or less, and the aqueous suspension is 85% by weight. After heating to ° C., cooling to 25 ° C., and then standing still for 24 hours, the dispersion degree of the water suspension is 90% or less.
provide use.
本発明のソース用食品素材は、舌触りが滑らかで口溶けが良い好ましい食感を有するソースを提供することができる。また本発明のソース用食品素材は、水への分散性が高いため、ソースの製造における作業性が良好である。 The food material for sauce of the present invention can provide a sauce that has a smooth texture and a favorable texture that melts in the mouth. In addition, the food material for sauce of the present invention has high dispersibility in water, so that the workability in producing the sauce is good.
ソースは通常、小麦粉を油で炒めてルウを調製した後、ルウに対して牛乳や出し汁などを徐々に加えながら加熱することで製造される。ソースは、主に料理の味付けなどに使用される。また、小麦粉を主原料としたクリーム又はペースト状のソースは、洋菓子やパンのフィリングやトッピングとして使用されている。該小麦粉を主原料としたクリーム又はペーストは、通常、小麦粉に砂糖や油脂、乳などを順次加えて加熱することで製造される。このように、ソースの製造には、通常、小麦粉を含む材料を水分と混合する工程が含まれる。一方、小麦粉は水と混ぜると不均一に混ざってそぼろ状になったりべたついたりしやすく、これにより、ソースの製造の作業性の低下や、得られたソースの品質低下が生じ得る。 Sauce is usually prepared by frying wheat flour in oil to prepare a roux, and then heating the roux while gradually adding milk or broth. Sauces are mainly used for seasoning dishes. Also, cream or paste-like sauces made mainly from wheat flour are used as fillings and toppings for Western confectionery and bread. The cream or paste mainly made from wheat flour is usually produced by sequentially adding sugar, oil, milk, etc. to wheat flour and heating the mixture. Thus, the manufacture of sauces typically involves mixing flour-containing ingredients with water. On the other hand, when wheat flour is mixed with water, it mixes unevenly and tends to become crumbly or sticky, which can reduce the workability of sauce production and the quality of the obtained sauce.
小麦粉は、結晶化した澱粉粒子を含有し、該澱粉粒子の周りには酵素や小麦蛋白質が存在する。小麦粉を水分の存在下で加熱すると、小麦粉中の澱粉粒子は膨潤して結晶構造が崩壊し、多くの水分を保持できるようになる。一方で、一旦加熱した小麦粉を冷却するとき、澱粉は水分を離して再結晶化する。この再結晶による結晶構造は加熱前の結晶構造とは異なるため、加熱冷却の前後で澱粉の性質は異なる。また、小麦粉中の蛋白質は、水分が存在すると水素結合の増加又は加水分解により構造が変化し、また加熱により非可逆的に変性する。 Wheat flour contains crystallized starch particles, and enzymes and wheat proteins are present around the starch particles. When wheat flour is heated in the presence of moisture, the starch particles in the flour swell and the crystal structure collapses, allowing them to retain more moisture. On the other hand, when flour, once heated, cools, the starch releases water and recrystallizes. Since the crystal structure resulting from this recrystallization is different from the crystal structure before heating, the properties of starch differ before and after heating and cooling. In addition, proteins in wheat flour undergo structural changes due to increased hydrogen bonding or hydrolysis in the presence of moisture, and are irreversibly denatured by heating.
小麦粉に含まれる澱粉及び蛋白質の構造や性質、ならびに該小麦粉への水分の添加又は加熱による該構造や性質の変化が、小麦粉の水分浸透速度、水分保持量、加熱後のソースの食感などの性質に貢献していることが考えられた。そこで本発明者らは、小麦粉の水懸濁液の挙動を様々な条件下で調べ、かつそれらのソースの原料粉としての適性を検討した。その結果、小麦粉の水懸濁液を加熱してその後冷却したときの該懸濁液の粘度が所定の値であり、かつ該冷却から一定時間経過後の該懸濁液の分散性が所定の値となるように改質した小麦粉が、ソースの原料粉として用いたときに、作業性が良く、かつ食感の良好なソースを提供することができることを見出した。 The structure and properties of starch and protein contained in wheat flour, and changes in the structure and properties due to the addition of moisture to the wheat flour or heating, affect the moisture permeation rate of wheat flour, the amount of moisture retained, the texture of the sauce after heating, etc. It was thought that it contributed to the character. Therefore, the present inventors investigated the behavior of aqueous suspensions of wheat flour under various conditions, and examined the suitability of these sauces as raw material flour. As a result, when the water suspension of wheat flour is heated and then cooled, the viscosity of the suspension is a predetermined value, and the dispersibility of the suspension after a certain period of time from the cooling is a predetermined value. It has been found that the wheat flour modified to have a value of 100% can provide a sauce with good workability and good texture when used as a raw material flour for sauces.
したがって、本発明は、ソースの原料粉の成分として適した改質小麦粉を含有する、ソース用食品素材を提供する。該改質小麦粉は、該改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液へと調製されたときに、以下の性質を有する:該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後、25℃に冷却したとき、該水懸濁液の粘度は1000mPa・s以下であり、且つ該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後、25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したとき、該水懸濁液の分散度は90%以下である。以下、本発明のソース用食品素材(以下、単に本発明の食品素材とも称する)に用いられる上記所定の粘度及び分散度を有する改質小麦粉を、本発明の改質小麦粉とも称する。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a food material for sauce containing modified wheat flour suitable as a component of raw material flour for sauce. The modified wheat flour has the following properties when prepared into a 10 wt% water suspension of the modified wheat flour: The water suspension is heated to 85°C and then cooled to 25°C. When the viscosity of the water suspension was 1000 mPa s or less, and the water suspension was heated to 85 ° C., cooled to 25 ° C., and then left to stand for 24 hours, the water suspension The degree of dispersion of the turbid liquid is 90% or less. Hereinafter, the modified wheat flour having the predetermined viscosity and dispersity used for the food material for sauce of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as the food material of the present invention) is also referred to as the modified wheat flour of the present invention.
本明細書において、小麦粉(改質小麦粉を含む)の10質量%水懸濁液とは、該小麦粉を水に懸濁させて得られた、該小麦粉を10質量%含有する懸濁液をいう。本明細書における小麦粉の水懸濁液の粘度は、日本工業規格JISZ8803:2011「液体の粘度測定方法」に準じて、回転型粘度計を用いて12~30rpmの条件で測定した該懸濁液の粘度である。好ましくは、本明細書において測定される小麦粉の水懸濁液の粘度は、25℃で調製された該小麦粉の水懸濁液に対して、必要に応じて所定の処理(加熱、冷却、静置等)を加えた後、その粘度を上述した手段で測定して得られた値である。 As used herein, a 10% by mass aqueous suspension of wheat flour (including modified wheat flour) refers to a suspension containing 10% by mass of the wheat flour obtained by suspending the wheat flour in water. . The viscosity of the aqueous suspension of wheat flour in this specification is measured under the conditions of 12 to 30 rpm using a rotational viscometer according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z8803: 2011 "Method for measuring viscosity of liquid". is the viscosity of Preferably, the viscosity of the water suspension of wheat flour measured in this specification is determined by subjecting the water suspension of wheat flour prepared at 25 ° C. to a predetermined treatment (heating, cooling, static It is a value obtained by measuring the viscosity by the above-described means after adding the viscosities, etc.).
本発明の改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液は、該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却したときの粘度が、1000mPa・s以下であればよく、好ましくは800mPa・s以下、より好ましくは600mPa・s以下、さらに好ましくは400mPa・s以下である。該粘度が1000mPa・sを超えると、本発明の食品素材の作業性が低下し、かつ得られたソースの食感が低下する。本発明の改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液は、該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却したときの粘度が低いほど好ましく、該粘度の下限には特に制限はない。好ましくは、該粘度は、上記の測定方法で回転型粘度計を用いた測定限界以下、すなわち回転型粘度計で数値を測定できないほど低い値、例えば10mPa・s又はそれ以下であってもよい。 The 10% by mass aqueous suspension of the modified wheat flour of the present invention may have a viscosity of 1000 mPa s or less when the aqueous suspension is heated to 85 ° C. and then cooled to 25 ° C., preferably It is 800 mPa·s or less, more preferably 600 mPa·s or less, still more preferably 400 mPa·s or less. If the viscosity exceeds 1000 mPa·s, the workability of the food material of the present invention is lowered and the texture of the obtained sauce is lowered. The 10 mass% water suspension of the modified wheat flour of the present invention preferably has a lower viscosity when the water suspension is heated to 85 ° C. and then cooled to 25 ° C. The lower limit of the viscosity is particularly limited. no. Preferably, the viscosity is below the measurement limit using a rotational viscometer in the above measurement method, that is, a value so low that the numerical value cannot be measured with a rotational viscometer, such as 10 mPa·s or less.
本明細書における小麦粉の水懸濁液の分散度とは、該懸濁液中に、小麦粉粒子が分散(小麦粉粒子が浮上又は沈殿せず水に懸濁された状態を維持)している割合をいう。該分散度が高いことは、小麦粉粒子が水に分散しやすく、浮上や沈降による水との分離が生じにくいことを表す。本明細書における小麦粉の水懸濁液の分散度は、以下の手順で算出した値である:該小麦粉の水懸濁液をメスシリンダーのような外部から容量を目測できる容器に移し、所定時間静置した後、該懸濁液における小麦粉を含んで濁りがある部分とそれ以外の透明な部分との境目を目測し、該境目に基づいて該濁りがある部分の体積を測定し、次いで、それらの体積に基づいて下記式に従って分散度を算出する。
分散度(%)=濁りがある部分の体積/全体積×100
(全体積=濁りがある部分の体積+透明な部分の体積)
好ましくは、本明細書において測定される小麦粉の水懸濁液の分散度は、25℃で調製された該小麦粉の水懸濁液に対して、必要に応じて所定の処理(加熱、冷却等)を加えた後、24時間静置して、その分散度を上述した手段で測定して得られた値である。In this specification, the degree of dispersion of the water suspension of wheat flour refers to the proportion of flour particles dispersed in the suspension (the flour particles do not float or settle and remain suspended in water). Say. A high degree of dispersion indicates that the wheat flour particles are easily dispersed in water and are less likely to separate from water due to floating or sedimentation. The degree of dispersion of an aqueous suspension of wheat flour as used herein is a value calculated by the following procedure: Transfer the aqueous suspension of wheat flour to a container such as a measuring cylinder whose volume can be visually measured from the outside, and wait for a predetermined time. After allowing to stand still, visually measure the boundary between the cloudy portion containing wheat flour and the other transparent portion in the suspension, measure the volume of the cloudy portion based on the boundary, and then Based on those volumes, the degree of dispersion is calculated according to the following formula.
Dispersion degree (%) = volume of part with turbidity/total volume x 100
(Total volume = volume of turbid part + volume of clear part)
Preferably, the degree of dispersion of the water suspension of wheat flour measured in this specification is determined by subjecting the water suspension of wheat flour prepared at 25 ° C. to a predetermined treatment (heating, cooling, etc.) as necessary. ) was added, allowed to stand for 24 hours, and the degree of dispersion was measured by the above-described means.
本発明の改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液は、該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したときの分散度が90%以下であればよく、好ましくは80%以下、より好ましくは70%以下、さらに好ましくは65%以下である。該分散度が90%を超えると、本発明の食品素材の作業性が低下し、かつ得られたソースの食感が低下する。好ましくは、本発明の改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液は、該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したときの分散度の範囲が10~90%、好ましくは10~80%、より好ましくは15~70%、さらに好ましくは20~65%である。 The 10 mass% water suspension of the modified wheat flour of the present invention has a degree of dispersion of 90% or less when the water suspension is heated to 85 ° C., cooled to 25 ° C., and then left to stand for 24 hours. Any amount is sufficient, preferably 80% or less, more preferably 70% or less, and even more preferably 65% or less. When the degree of dispersion exceeds 90%, the workability of the food material of the present invention deteriorates, and the texture of the obtained sauce deteriorates. Preferably, the 10% by mass aqueous suspension of the modified wheat flour of the present invention has a dispersion degree range when the water suspension is heated to 85 ° C., cooled to 25 ° C., and then left to stand for 24 hours. is 10 to 90%, preferably 10 to 80%, more preferably 15 to 70%, still more preferably 20 to 65%.
本発明の改質小麦粉の平均粒子径は、通常の小麦粉と同等の外観を得る観点からは、好ましくは150μm未満、より好ましくは15~120μm、より好ましくは20~100μmである。本明細書において、小麦粉の平均粒子径とは、レーザー回折・散乱法により測定された体積平均径をいう。平均粒子径の測定装置としては、市販のレーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置、例えばマイクロトラックMT3000II(日機装株式会社)を用いることができる。 The average particle size of the modified wheat flour of the present invention is preferably less than 150 μm, more preferably 15 to 120 μm, more preferably 20 to 100 μm, from the viewpoint of obtaining an appearance equivalent to that of ordinary wheat flour. As used herein, the average particle size of wheat flour refers to the volume average size measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method. A commercially available laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device such as Microtrac MT3000II (Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) can be used as a measuring device for the average particle size.
本発明の改質小麦粉は、α化度が、好ましくは12%以下、より好ましくは10%以下、さらに好ましくは9%以下である。改質小麦粉のα化度が高すぎると、調理における作業性が低下したり、得られたソースの食感が低下する場合がある。本明細書における小麦粉のα化度とは、β-アミラーゼ・プルラナーゼ(BAP)法により測定されたα化度をいう。 The modified wheat flour of the present invention preferably has a degree of gelatinization of 12% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 9% or less. If the modified wheat flour has too high a degree of gelatinization, the workability in cooking may deteriorate, and the texture of the resulting sauce may deteriorate. The degree of alpha conversion of wheat flour as used herein refers to the degree of alpha conversion measured by the β-amylase-pullulanase (BAP) method.
本発明の改質小麦粉は、通常の小麦粉と同等の水分含量を有していればよい。なお、通常の環境(湿度20~90%程度の環境)での小麦粉の水分含量は10~14質量%程度である。したがって、該改質小麦粉の水分含量は、好ましくは10~14質量%、より好ましくは11~13質量%である。本明細書において、小麦粉の水分含量とは、135℃、1時間で乾燥させた小麦粉の該乾燥前に対する質量変化から求めた値をいう。 The modified wheat flour of the present invention may have a moisture content equivalent to that of normal wheat flour. The moisture content of wheat flour in a normal environment (environment with a humidity of about 20 to 90%) is about 10 to 14% by mass. Therefore, the moisture content of the modified wheat flour is preferably 10-14% by mass, more preferably 11-13% by mass. As used herein, the water content of wheat flour refers to a value obtained from the change in mass of wheat flour dried at 135° C. for 1 hour compared to before drying.
本発明の改質小麦粉は、改質後の小麦粉が上記の所定の値の粘度及び分散度を有するような処理条件で、原料小麦粉に改質処理を行うことで製造することができる。該原料小麦粉の種類は特に限定されず、強力小麦粉、中力小麦粉、薄力小麦粉、デュラム粉などを使用することができる。このうち、薄力小麦粉が好ましい。該改質処理に供される原料小麦粉の水分含量は、好ましくは10~14質量%、より好ましくは11~13質量%である。必要に応じて、水分含量が好ましくは10~14質量%、より好ましくは11~13質量%になるように原料小麦粉を予め調湿してもよい。また、該原料小麦粉のα化度は、上述した本発明の改質小麦粉よりも高くなく、好ましくは12%以下、より好ましくは10%以下、さらに好ましくは9%以下である。 The modified wheat flour of the present invention can be produced by subjecting the raw wheat flour to modification treatment under treatment conditions such that the modified wheat flour has the viscosity and dispersity of the predetermined values described above. The type of raw wheat flour is not particularly limited, and strong wheat flour, all-purpose wheat flour, weak wheat flour, durum flour, and the like can be used. Among these, weak wheat flour is preferable. The water content of the raw wheat flour to be subjected to the reforming treatment is preferably 10-14% by mass, more preferably 11-13% by mass. If necessary, the raw wheat flour may be previously moistened so that the moisture content is preferably 10 to 14% by mass, more preferably 11 to 13% by mass. In addition, the degree of gelatinization of the raw material wheat flour is not higher than that of the above-described modified wheat flour of the present invention, preferably 12% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and still more preferably 9% or less.
原料小麦粉の改質処理の手段としては、加熱処理、化学処理等が挙げられるが、得られた改質小麦粉における試薬等成分の残留を考慮すると、加熱処理が好ましい。該加熱処理は、湿熱処理であっても乾熱処理であってもよい。しかし、加熱処理の際に多くの水分が存在すると、熱処理した小麦粉がα化して作業性が低下することがある。一方で、加熱処理の際に小麦粉の水分が失われると、小麦粉が褐色化することがあるため好ましくない。 Examples of methods for reforming the raw wheat flour include heat treatment and chemical treatment, but heat treatment is preferable in consideration of residual components such as reagents in the resulting reformed wheat flour. The heat treatment may be wet heat treatment or dry heat treatment. However, if a large amount of moisture is present during the heat treatment, the heat-treated wheat flour may be gelatinized and the workability may be lowered. On the other hand, if the water content of the wheat flour is lost during the heat treatment, the wheat flour may turn brown, which is not preferable.
したがって、本発明の改質小麦粉を得るための加熱処理としては、原料小麦粉の水分含量が加熱中に過度に増加したり失われたりすることなく、加熱後の改質小麦粉が該原料小麦粉と同等の水分含量を保持することができるような条件下での加熱処理が好ましい。例えば、水分が蒸発等により飛散しない環境(例えば密封)下で、水分含量10~14質量%の原料小麦粉を加熱することで、水分含量10~14質量%の改質小麦粉を調製することが好ましい。必要に応じて、該原料小麦粉を撹拌しながら加熱を行ってもよい。好ましくは、該原料小麦粉の加熱処理では、蒸気を密封可能な容器(例えば、密封型の袋、窯、カプセル等)に該原料小麦粉を入れて密封し、該容器ごと、好ましくは攪拌しながら、該原料小麦粉を加熱する。密封下において原料小麦粉の加熱を行った場合、小麦粉から揮発した水分は再び小麦粉に凝結するため、加熱後の小麦粉の水分含量は、加熱前とほとんど変わらないか若干低下する程度である。一方で、小麦粉に熱線や熱風を直接あてる方法、焙煎等は、小麦粉の水分が蒸発して除かれてしまうため好ましくない。該原料小麦粉の加熱の際には、該原料小麦粉が元来有する水分以外の水分を加えることなく該原料小麦粉を加熱することが好ましい。ただし、加熱後の改質小麦粉の水分量が上述した範囲に維持される限りにおいて、原料小麦粉に水分を加えることは許容される。 Therefore, as a heat treatment for obtaining the modified wheat flour of the present invention, the moisture content of the raw wheat flour is not excessively increased or lost during heating, and the modified wheat flour after heating is equivalent to the raw wheat flour. Heat treatment under conditions that can retain the moisture content of the polymer is preferred. For example, it is preferable to prepare modified wheat flour with a moisture content of 10 to 14% by mass by heating raw wheat flour with a moisture content of 10 to 14% by mass in an environment (for example, sealed) where moisture does not scatter due to evaporation or the like. . If necessary, the raw wheat flour may be heated while being stirred. Preferably, in the heat treatment of the raw wheat flour, the raw wheat flour is placed in a steam-sealable container (for example, a sealed bag, kiln, capsule, etc.) and sealed, and the whole container is preferably stirred, The raw wheat flour is heated. When the raw wheat flour is heated in a sealed container, the moisture volatilized from the wheat flour condenses again, so the moisture content of the wheat flour after heating is almost the same as before heating or slightly lower. On the other hand, the method of directly exposing the wheat flour to heat rays or hot air, the method of roasting, etc. are not preferable because the water content of the wheat flour is evaporated and removed. When heating the raw material wheat flour, it is preferable to heat the raw material wheat flour without adding water other than the water originally contained in the raw material wheat flour. However, as long as the water content of the modified wheat flour after heating is maintained within the above range, adding water to the raw wheat flour is allowed.
当該加熱処理において、該加熱の温度は、小麦粉の品温として、70~170℃であればよく、好ましくは80~150℃、より好ましくは90~140℃、さらに好ましくは90~130℃である。該加熱の時間は、10~80分間であればよく、好ましくは15~70分間、より好ましくは15~65分間、さらに好ましくは15~60分間、さらに好ましくは20~60分間、さらに好ましくは30~60分間である。密封下での上記の条件の加熱処理は、例えば市販の密封型の加熱混合装置(例えば、愛知電機製ロッキングドライヤ)を用いて実施することができる。 In the heat treatment, the heating temperature may be 70 to 170°C, preferably 80 to 150°C, more preferably 90 to 140°C, and still more preferably 90 to 130°C, as the product temperature of the flour. . The heating time may be 10 to 80 minutes, preferably 15 to 70 minutes, more preferably 15 to 65 minutes, still more preferably 15 to 60 minutes, still more preferably 20 to 60 minutes, still more preferably 30 minutes. ~60 minutes. The heat treatment under the above-mentioned conditions in a sealed state can be performed, for example, using a commercially available sealed heating and mixing device (for example, a rocking dryer manufactured by Aichi Denki Co., Ltd.).
原料小麦粉を加熱する際に、原料小麦粉を水の存在下で加熱すると、α化度が増加することがある。そのため、上述の原料小麦粉の加熱処理の際には、加熱後の小麦粉のα化度が、上述した本発明の改質小麦粉のα化度の範囲内に収まるように、加熱の温度及び原料小麦粉の水分含量を調整することが好ましい。 When heating the raw wheat flour, if the raw wheat flour is heated in the presence of water, the degree of gelatinization may increase. Therefore, during the heat treatment of the raw wheat flour described above, the heating temperature and the raw wheat flour are adjusted so that the degree of gelatinization of the wheat flour after heating falls within the range of the degree of gelatinization of the modified wheat flour of the present invention described above. It is preferable to adjust the water content of
必要に応じて、得られた加熱後の小麦粉を粉砕又は分級して、上述した本発明の改質小麦粉の平均粒子径を有するように調製してもよい。しかし、本発明の改質小麦粉を得るための上述の加熱処理では、小麦粉同士がくっついて造粒されることがほとんどないため、該粉砕又は分級は基本的には必要ない。 If necessary, the obtained wheat flour after heating may be pulverized or classified so as to have the average particle size of the above modified wheat flour of the present invention. However, in the above-described heat treatment for obtaining the modified wheat flour of the present invention, the flour hardly sticks together and is granulated, so the pulverization or classification is basically unnecessary.
上述の手順で得られた本発明の改質小麦粉は、ソースの原料粉として優れた性質を有する。本発明の改質小麦粉を含む原料粉は、水分と均一に混ざりやすいため、ソースの製造における作業性が良い。さらに本発明の改質小麦粉を含む原料粉を用いて製造されたソースは、滑らかで口溶けの良い好ましい食感を有する。したがって、本発明の改質小麦粉をソース用食品素材の成分として用いることで、高品質のソースを製造することができる。 The modified wheat flour of the present invention obtained by the above procedure has excellent properties as a raw material flour for sauces. Since the raw material flour containing the modified wheat flour of the present invention is easily mixed with water, it has good workability in producing the sauce. Furthermore, the sauce produced using the raw material flour containing the modified wheat flour of the present invention has a smooth and favorable texture that melts in the mouth. Therefore, by using the modified wheat flour of the present invention as a component of a food material for sauce, a high-quality sauce can be produced.
本発明のソース用食品素材は、本発明の改質小麦粉と、それ以外の成分とを含む組成物である。本発明の食品素材は、各種ソースの原料粉として使用される。好ましくは、本発明の食品素材は、ソースを製造するための、粉体状のプレミックスとして提供される。 The food material for sauce of the present invention is a composition containing the modified wheat flour of the present invention and other ingredients. The food material of the present invention is used as raw material flour for various sauces. Preferably, the food material of the present invention is provided as a powdery premix for making sauces.
本発明のソース用食品素材を用いて製造することができるソースの例としては、ベシャメルソースに代表されるホワイトソース、ドミグラスソースに代表されるブラウンソース等の西洋料理に使用されるソース;カレーソース等のルウを用いて製造されるその他のソース;アングレーズソース、カスタードクリーム等の菓子用ソースやクリーム;ならびに小麦粉を主原料としたクリーム又はペースト状の洋菓子や菓子パンのフィリングやトッピング、などの各種ソース類が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。 Examples of sauces that can be produced using the food material for sauces of the present invention include sauces used in western cuisine such as white sauces typified by bechamel sauce, brown sauces typified by demiglace sauce; curry sauces; Other sauces manufactured using roux such as; confectionery sauces and creams such as anglaise sauce and custard cream; Sauces include, but are not limited to.
本発明の食品素材における本発明の改質小麦粉の含有量は、該食品素材を用いて製造するソースの種類に応じて適宜調整することができ、例えば10質量%以上であればよく、好ましくは10~60質量%、より好ましくは15~50質量%、さらに好ましくは20~30質量%である。 The content of the modified wheat flour of the present invention in the food material of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of sauce to be produced using the food material. 10 to 60% by mass, more preferably 15 to 50% by mass, still more preferably 20 to 30% by mass.
好ましくは、本発明の食品素材は、本発明の改質小麦粉以外の穀粉及び澱粉からなる群より選択される1種以上をさらに含有する。該改質小麦粉以外の穀粉としては、改質処理していない小麦粉、乾熱処理小麦粉、α化小麦粉等の該改質小麦粉以外の小麦粉、及び大麦粉、ライ麦粉、米粉、トウモロコシ粉、ソルガム粉、豆粉などが挙げられ、このうち小麦粉が好ましい。該澱粉としては、馬鈴薯澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、コーンスターチ、ワキシーコーンスターチ、小麦澱粉などの澱粉、及びこれらの加工澱粉(α化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、エステル化澱粉、アセチル化澱粉、架橋処理澱粉など)が挙げられる。本発明の食品素材は、上記に挙げた該改質小麦粉以外の穀粉及び澱粉から選択されいずれか1種を単独で含有していてもよく、又はいずれか2種以上を含有していてもよい。該改質小麦粉以外の穀粉及び澱粉の種類及び含有量は、該食品素材を用いて製造するソースの種類等に応じて適宜調整することができ、例えば、合計で90質量%以下、好ましくは40~90質量%、より好ましくは50~85質量%、さらに好ましくは70~80質量%であればよい。好ましくは、本発明の食品素材は、本発明の改質小麦粉以外の小麦粉を、90質量%以下、好ましくは40~90質量%、より好ましくは50~85質量%、さらに好ましくは70~80質量%含有する。 Preferably, the food material of the present invention further contains one or more selected from the group consisting of flour and starch other than the modified wheat flour of the present invention. Examples of the grain flour other than the modified wheat flour include wheat flour other than the modified wheat flour such as unmodified wheat flour, dry heat-treated wheat flour, pregelatinized wheat flour, barley flour, rye flour, rice flour, corn flour, sorghum flour, Bean flour and the like can be mentioned, among which wheat flour is preferred. Examples of the starch include starch such as potato starch, tapioca starch, corn starch, waxy corn starch, wheat starch, and processed starches thereof (pregelatinized starch, etherified starch, esterified starch, acetylated starch, crosslinked starch, etc.). mentioned. The food material of the present invention may be selected from cereal flours and starches other than the modified wheat flour listed above and may contain any one alone, or may contain any two or more. . The type and content of flour and starch other than the modified wheat flour can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of sauce to be produced using the food material. It may be up to 90% by mass, more preferably 50 to 85% by mass, still more preferably 70 to 80% by mass. Preferably, the food material of the present invention contains 90% by mass or less of wheat flour other than the modified wheat flour of the present invention, preferably 40 to 90% by mass, more preferably 50 to 85% by mass, more preferably 70 to 80% by mass. %contains.
本発明の食品素材は、上述した本発明の改質小麦粉、及びそれ以外の穀粉、ならびに澱粉に加えて、その他の成分をさらに含有していてもよい。該その他の成分の種類は、該食品素材を用いて製造するソースの種類等に応じて適宜選択され得る。例えば、該その他の成分としては、グルテン、大豆蛋白質等の蛋白質;全卵粉や卵白粉;乳成分;油脂類;デキストリン、水飴、糖アルコール等の糖類;塩類;調味料;乳化剤;増粘剤;色素、香料等、が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。本発明の食品素材は、上記に挙げたその他の成分のうちのいずれか1種を単独で含有していてもよく、またはいずれか2種以上を含有していてもよい。該食品素材に含まれる該その他の成分の含有量は、40質量%以下であればよく、好ましくは5~30質量%である。 The food material of the present invention may further contain other ingredients in addition to the above modified wheat flour of the present invention, other cereal flours, and starch. The types of other ingredients may be appropriately selected according to the type of sauce to be produced using the food material. For example, the other ingredients include proteins such as gluten and soybean protein; whole egg powder and egg white powder; milk components; oils and fats; sugars such as dextrin, starch syrup and sugar alcohol; pigments, fragrances, etc., but are not limited to these; The food material of the present invention may contain any one of the above-listed other ingredients alone, or may contain any two or more thereof. The content of the other ingredients contained in the food material may be 40% by mass or less, preferably 5 to 30% by mass.
本発明のソース用食品素材を用いてソースを製造する場合、本発明の食品素材を水分と共に加熱し、混合する。水分としては、例えば水、乳、出し汁、卵液、及びこれらの2種以上の組み合わせが挙げられる。必要に応じて、該食品素材は、水分と混合する前又は後に、油脂、卵、糖などの副材料と混合されてもよく、さらに該副材料との混合の際には加熱されてもよい。例えば、ソースの製造においては、本発明の食品素材を油脂と共に炒めてルウを製造し、次いで該ルウに対して水分(例えば、乳、水、出し汁など)を加えて加熱しながら混合し、ソースを製造する。また例えば、菓子やパンのフィリングやトッピング用のクリーム又はペーストの製造においては、本発明の食品素材に水分(例えば、乳、水など)、及び必要に応じて油脂類、糖類、卵等を加えて混合し、次いでこれらを加熱しながらさらに混合して、クリーム又はペーストを製造する。上記の製造手順において、本発明の食品素材は、他の材料と混合、又は水分とともに加熱混合する際に、作業性が良く、水分と均一に混ざりやすい。 When a sauce is produced using the food material for sauce of the present invention, the food material of the present invention is heated together with water and mixed. Examples of water include water, milk, broth, egg liquid, and combinations of two or more thereof. If necessary, the food material may be mixed with secondary ingredients such as fats and oils, eggs, sugar, etc. before or after mixing with water, and may be heated during mixing with the secondary ingredients. . For example, in the production of sauce, the food material of the present invention is fried with oil to produce a roux, then water (eg, milk, water, soup stock, etc.) is added to the roux and mixed while heating to obtain a sauce. to manufacture. Further, for example, in the production of cream or paste for filling or topping of confectionery or bread, water (e.g., milk, water, etc.) and, if necessary, oils and fats, sugars, eggs, etc. are added to the food material of the present invention. and then they are further mixed while heating to produce a cream or paste. In the above production procedure, the food material of the present invention has good workability when mixed with other materials or heated and mixed with water, and is easily mixed with water.
本発明の食品素材を用いて得られたソースは、従来のソースと同様に、調理に使用することができる。例えば、得られたソースは、シチューソース、トッピングソース、ディップソース、デザートソース、コロッケなどのフィリング、ベーカリー食品のフィリングやトッピング、などとして使用され得るが、該ソースの応用はこれらに限定されない。 The sauce obtained using the food material of the present invention can be used for cooking in the same manner as conventional sauces. For example, the resulting sauce can be used as stew sauce, topping sauce, dipping sauce, dessert sauce, croquette filling, bakery food filling or topping, etc., but the application of the sauce is not limited thereto.
次に本発明をさらに具体的に説明するために実施例を掲げるが、本発明は以下の実施例のみに限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Next, examples will be presented in order to describe the present invention more specifically, but the present invention is not limited only to the following examples.
参考例1
以下の実施例において、小麦粉の粘度及び分散度は以下の方法で測定した。
〔小麦粉粘度の測定〕
風袋を測定した小鍋に小麦粉50gを入れ、25℃の水450mLを加え、撹拌機で均一に分散するまで攪拌して全体に均一な分散液を得た。該分散液に、風袋引きした小鍋の質量が500gになるまで水を加え、攪拌して全体に均一にした。小鍋を加熱し、該分散液を攪拌しながら品温85℃まで昇温させた。85℃に達温後、小鍋を氷浴に入れ、該分散液を25℃まで冷却した。次いで、蒸発した水分を補うため、該分散液に、風袋引きした小鍋の質量が500gになるまで水(25℃)を加え、攪拌して全体に均一にした。得られた分散液の粘度を、B型粘度計を用いて、25℃、12~30rpmの条件で測定した。Reference example 1
In the following examples, the viscosity and dispersity of wheat flour were measured by the following methods.
[Measurement of flour viscosity]
50 g of wheat flour was placed in a tared small pan, 450 mL of water at 25° C. was added, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer until it was uniformly dispersed to obtain a uniform dispersion. Water was added to the dispersion until the mass of the tared small pan was 500 g and stirred to homogenize the mixture. A small pan was heated, and the temperature of the dispersion liquid was raised to 85° C. while stirring. After reaching 85°C, the pan was placed in an ice bath to cool the dispersion to 25°C. Water (25° C.) was then added to the dispersion until the mass of the tared pan was 500 g to compensate for the evaporated water and stirred to homogenize throughout. The viscosity of the resulting dispersion was measured using a Brookfield viscometer under conditions of 25° C. and 12 to 30 rpm.
〔小麦粉分散度の測定〕
風袋を測定した小鍋に小麦粉50gを入れ、25℃の水450mLを加え、撹拌機で均一に分散するまで攪拌して全体に均一な分散液を得た。該分散液に、風袋引きした小鍋の質量が500gになるまで水を加え、攪拌して全体に均一にした。小鍋を加熱し、該分散液を攪拌しながら品温85℃まで昇温させた。85℃に達温後、小鍋を氷浴に入れ、該分散液を25℃まで冷却した。次いで、蒸発した水分を補うため、該分散液に、風袋引きした小鍋の質量が500gになるまで水(25℃)を加え、攪拌して全体に均一にした。得られた分散液を、100mLのメスシリンダーに100mL注ぎ入れ、メスシリンダーの口を密封して25℃で24時間静置した。24時間後の分散液の、小麦粉を含んで濁りがある部分と、それ以外の透明な部分との境目を目測し、それぞれの部分の体積を測定した。以下の式に基づいて分散液の分散度を計算した。
分散度(%)=濁りがある部分の体積(mL)/100mL×100[Measurement of flour dispersion]
50 g of wheat flour was placed in a tared small pan, 450 mL of water at 25° C. was added, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer until it was uniformly dispersed to obtain a uniform dispersion. Water was added to the dispersion until the mass of the tared small pan was 500 g and stirred to homogenize the mixture. A small pan was heated, and the temperature of the dispersion liquid was raised to 85° C. while stirring. After reaching 85°C, the pan was placed in an ice bath to cool the dispersion to 25°C. Water (25° C.) was then added to the dispersion until the mass of the tared pan was 500 g, in order to make up for the evaporated water, and stirred to homogenize throughout. 100 mL of the resulting dispersion was poured into a 100 mL measuring cylinder, and the opening of the measuring cylinder was sealed and allowed to stand at 25° C. for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the boundary between the cloudy portion containing wheat flour and the other transparent portion was measured, and the volume of each portion was measured. The dispersity of the dispersion liquid was calculated based on the following formula.
Dispersion degree (%) = volume of part with turbidity (mL) / 100 mL x 100
試験例1
1.改質小麦粉の製造
以下の手順で加熱処理小麦粉を製造した。原料小麦粉としては、水分含量13質量%の薄力小麦粉(日清フーズ製)(α化度4)を用いた。Test example 1
1. Production of Modified Wheat Flour A heat-treated wheat flour was produced according to the following procedure. Soft wheat flour (manufactured by Nisshin Foods) with a moisture content of 13% by mass (α degree 4) was used as the raw wheat flour.
〔製造例1~3〕
原料小麦粉を密閉型の加熱混合装置(愛知電機製 ロッキングドライヤ)を用いて、以下の条件:90℃で60分間(製造例1)、110℃で30分間(製造例2)、又は130℃で60分間(製造例3)にて加熱した。加熱終了後の小麦粉の水分含量は約12質量%であり、α化度は9~12の範囲であった。加熱後の小麦粉の粘度及び分散度を参考例1の方法で測定した。[Production Examples 1 to 3]
Using a closed heating and mixing device (rocking dryer manufactured by Aichi Denki), the raw wheat flour was heated under the following conditions: 90 ° C. for 60 minutes (Production Example 1), 110 ° C. for 30 minutes (Production Example 2), or 130 ° C. It was heated for 60 minutes (Production Example 3). The moisture content of the wheat flour after heating was about 12% by mass, and the degree of alpha conversion was in the range of 9-12. The viscosity and dispersity of the heated wheat flour were measured by the method of Reference Example 1.
〔比較製造例1~2〕
原料小麦粉をレトルト用パウチ袋に厚さ5mm程度の平板状に収容し、口を密封後、60℃にて、1分間(比較製造例1)又は6分間(比較製造例2)加熱した。加熱後の小麦粉の水分含量は13質量%であり、α化度は4~6の範囲であった。加熱後の小麦粉の粘度及び分散度を参考例1の方法で測定した。[Comparative Production Examples 1 and 2]
The raw wheat flour was placed in a retort pouch in a flat plate shape with a thickness of about 5 mm, and after the opening was sealed, it was heated at 60° C. for 1 minute (Comparative Production Example 1) or 6 minutes (Comparative Production Example 2). The moisture content of the wheat flour after heating was 13% by mass, and the degree of alpha conversion was in the range of 4-6. The viscosity and dispersity of the heated wheat flour were measured by the method of Reference Example 1.
〔比較製造例3~4〕
原料小麦粉に小麦粉の質量に対して15質量%の水を加え、耐熱性の密閉容器に密封した。この容器をオイルバス中で、110℃で2分間(比較製造例3)、又は110℃で30分間(比較製造例4)加熱した。加熱後の小麦粉の水分含量は27質量%であり、α化度は60以上であった。加熱後の小麦粉の粘度及び分散度を参考例1の方法で測定した。[Comparative Production Examples 3-4]
15% by mass of water was added to the raw wheat flour relative to the mass of the wheat flour, and the mixture was sealed in a heat-resistant airtight container. The container was heated in an oil bath at 110° C. for 2 minutes (Comparative Production Example 3) or at 110° C. for 30 minutes (Comparative Production Example 4). The wheat flour after heating had a water content of 27% by mass and a degree of gelatinization of 60 or more. The viscosity and dispersity of the heated wheat flour were measured by the method of Reference Example 1.
〔比較製造例5〕
原料小麦粉を小型の鍋に入れ、鍋を電気コンロにかけて約120℃で加熱しながら、30分間焦がさないように攪拌した。加熱後の小麦粉の水分含量は4質量%であり、α化度は9であった。加熱後の小麦粉の粘度及び分散度を参考例1の方法で測定した。[Comparative Production Example 5]
The raw wheat flour was placed in a small pot, and the pot was heated on an electric stove at about 120° C. and stirred for 30 minutes so as not to burn. After heating, the wheat flour had a water content of 4% by mass and a degree of gelatinization of 9. The viscosity and dispersity of the heated wheat flour were measured by the method of Reference Example 1.
製造した改質小麦粉の加熱条件及び性状を表1に示す。なお表1には、参考として原料小麦粉の性状も示す。 Table 1 shows the heating conditions and properties of the modified wheat flour produced. Table 1 also shows the properties of the raw wheat flour for reference.
2.ソースの製造
表2に示す組成で1.で得られた改質小麦粉を含むミックス粉を調製した。未処理小麦粉としては、1.で用いた原料小麦粉を使用した。鍋にバターを入れ熱して溶かし、次いでミックス粉50gを加えて弱火で焦げないよう注意しながらよくかき混ぜ、ルウを製造した。牛乳500mLを少しずつ加えてルウをのばし、塩と胡椒を若干量加えて味をととのえ、ホワイトソースを製造した。牛乳を加える際の作業性、及び得られたホワイトソースの食感を、10名の専門パネラーにより下記評価基準にて評価し、10名の評価結果の平均点を求めた。結果を表2に示す。2. Production of Sauce 1. with the composition shown in Table 2. A mixed flour containing the modified wheat flour obtained in 1 was prepared. As untreated wheat flour, 1. The raw material wheat flour used in was used. Put butter in a pan and heat to melt, then add 50 g of mixed powder and stir well over low heat while being careful not to burn, to produce a roux. 500 mL of milk was added little by little to stretch the roux, and a little amount of salt and pepper were added to adjust the taste to prepare a white sauce. The workability in adding milk and the texture of the resulting white sauce were evaluated by 10 expert panelists according to the following evaluation criteria, and the average score of the 10 evaluation results was determined. Table 2 shows the results.
評価基準
〔作業性〕
5:ルウと牛乳が速やかに混ざり均一に混合された、極めて良好
4:ルウと牛乳が容易に混ざり均一に混合された、良好
3:ルウと牛乳が混ざるのにやや時間がかかるが、均一に混合された
2:ルウと牛乳が混ざるのに時間がかかり、だまがわずかにできた、不良
1:ルウと牛乳が混ざるのに時間がかかり、だまが多くできた、極めて不良
〔食感〕
5:舌触りが非常に滑らかで、口溶けも非常によい、極めて良好
4:舌触りが滑らかで、口溶けもよい、良好
3:舌触りは滑らかだが、やや口中に残る感じがある食感
2:舌触りにざらつく感じがあり、口中に残る感じがある食感、不良
1:ざらついた舌触りが強く、重たい感じがある食感、極めて不良Evaluation criteria [Workability]
5: The roux and milk were mixed quickly and uniformly, very good 4: The roux and milk were easily mixed and uniformly mixed, good 3: It took some time to mix the roux and milk, but they were uniformly mixed Mixed 2: It took a long time to mix the roux and milk, and a few lumps were formed. Poor 1: It took a long time to mix the roux and milk, and many lumps were formed.
5: Very smooth on the tongue, melts in the mouth very well, extremely good 4: Smooth on the tongue, melts well in the mouth, good 3: Smooth on the tongue, but leaves a slight feeling in the mouth Texture 2: Rough on the tongue Poor 1: Strong rough texture and heavy texture, extremely poor.
試験例2
試験例1の製造例1と同様の手順で、ただし加熱の温度と時間を表3に示すとおり様々に変えて改質小麦粉を製造し、参考例1の方法で粘度及び分散度を測定した。得られた改質小麦粉を用いて試験例1の実施例組成物1と同様の組成でミックス粉を調製した。得られたミックス粉を用いて、試験例1と同様の手順でホワイトソースを製造し、評価した。結果を表3に示す。Test example 2
Modified wheat flour was produced in the same procedure as in Production Example 1 of Test Example 1, except that the heating temperature and time were varied as shown in Table 3, and the viscosity and dispersity were measured by the method of Reference Example 1. A mixed flour having the same composition as Example composition 1 of Test example 1 was prepared using the obtained modified wheat flour. Using the obtained mixed flour, a white sauce was produced in the same procedure as in Test Example 1 and evaluated. Table 3 shows the results.
試験例3
表4に示す組成のミックス粉を調製し、これらを用いて試験例1と同様の手順でソースを製造し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。Test example 3
Mixed powders having the compositions shown in Table 4 were prepared, and using these, sauces were produced in the same procedure as in Test Example 1 and evaluated. Table 4 shows the results.
Claims (4)
改質小麦粉15~50質量%と、該改質小麦粉以外の小麦粉50~85質量%とを含有し、
該改質小麦粉の10質量%水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却したときの該水懸濁液の粘度は1000mPa・s以下であり、かつ該水懸濁液を85℃に昇温した後25℃に冷却し、次いで24時間静置したときの該水懸濁液の分散度は90%以下であり、
該改質小麦粉のα化度が12%以下である、
ソース用食品素材。 A food material for a sauce,
Contains 15 to 50% by mass of modified wheat flour and 50 to 85% by mass of wheat flour other than the modified wheat flour,
When the 10% by mass aqueous suspension of the modified wheat flour is heated to 85° C. and then cooled to 25° C., the viscosity of the aqueous suspension is 1000 mPa s or less, and the aqueous suspension is 85% by weight. After heating to ° C., cooling to 25 ° C., and then standing still for 24 hours, the dispersion degree of the water suspension is 90% or less,
The modified wheat flour has a degree of alpha conversion of 12% or less ,
Food material for sauce.
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