JP7319909B2 - roof ventilation structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a roof ventilation structure.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is known a structure for ventilating an attic with a flat roof using a ventilation path provided in an outer wall (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this prior art, an eaves edge is attached to the upper side of the eaves gutter, and the eaves edge is provided with a lower plate, which forms a ventilation part. A ventilation device is provided between the lower board of the eaves and the eaves gutter.

Therefore, in this prior art, it is possible to bring the upper end of the outer wall panel closer to the flat roof as much as possible.

A technique has also been proposed in which the outer wall is extended to a position above the flat roof, a parapet is raised around the flat roof, and a ventilation passage is formed through the inside of the parapet to the attic (see, for example, patent documents 2).

JP 2016-188470 A JP 2011-127340 A

However, in the roof ventilation structure described in Patent Document 1, there is a risk that the opening of the ventilation device will be blocked during snowfall, making ventilation impossible.

In addition, in the structure described in Patent Document 2, since the open end of the ventilation path is provided on the parapet, ventilation is possible even when it snows, but it is necessary to provide the parapet, which limits the shape of the building.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a roof ventilation structure capable of ensuring ventilation performance during snowfall in a roof having a structure in which a parapet is not raised.

The roof ventilation structure of the present disclosure includes a flat roof in which the outer periphery of the roof body is surrounded by an eaves section, and a ventilation gap is provided along between the eaves section of the building and an outer wall provided below the eaves section. is provided, and a plate-like draining member is provided along the upper part of the ventilation gap. The drain member protrudes in the horizontal direction to the outside of the building beyond the eaves and the ventilation gap, and the upper wall portion is arranged with a first ventilation gap in the vertical direction with respect to the outer wall. and extending downward from the lower end position of the ventilation gap from the upper wall portion, and arranged with a second ventilation gap in the horizontal direction with respect to the outer wall so as to connect with the outer wall. a vertical wall defining a downwardly facing ventilation opening therebetween, the first and second ventilation spacings between the drain member and the outer wall being spaced from the ventilation opening. A ventilation path is formed through the upper portion and further to the attic of the roof via the eaves.

In the roof ventilation structure of the present disclosure, the opening of the ventilation path faces downward, and the gap for ventilation between the outer wall and the eaves is covered with the draining member, so it is not blocked by accumulated snow. There is no Therefore, it is possible to provide a roof ventilation structure capable of ensuring ventilation performance during snowfall in a flat roof in which the outer periphery of the roof body is surrounded by the eaves.

1 is a perspective view showing a building to which the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1 is applied; FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the eaves part of the gable side of the roof of the said building. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a draining member in the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1 and a state of attachment of this draining member to an outer wall; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the gable side (position along line BB in FIG. 1) showing the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 2; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the girder side (the position of line AA in FIG. 1) showing the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 2; FIG. 6C is a front view of the draining member in the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 2, viewed from the direction of arrow Y6 in FIG. 6B. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a draining member in the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 2;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
First, the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1 and the building D to which this roof ventilation structure is applied will be described.

The building D shown in FIG. 1 to which the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1 is applied is a unit building formed by combining a plurality of building units U manufactured in a factory in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the construction site. is. A roof RF is provided above the building unit U on the top floor of the building D. As shown in FIG.

Although not shown, the building unit U has a box-shaped rigid-frame structure with steel pillars placed at the four corners and steel beam members that span between the upper and lower ends of the pillars. It is well known to have been formed.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the upper part of the building unit U on the top floor of the building D and the outer peripheral part of the roof RF (for example, the position of the BB line in FIG. 1). An outer wall 10 is provided on the outer surface in the direction of the arrow OUT).

(Composition of outer wall)
First, the configuration of the outer wall 10 will be described.
The outer wall 10 includes an outer wall base material 11, a furring strip 12, and an outer wall panel 13. - 特許庁In the figure, an arrow IN indicates the horizontal direction of the building unit U toward the inside of the building, an arrow OUT indicates the horizontal direction of the outside of the building, and an arrow UP indicates the upper direction of the building.

The exterior wall base material 11 is formed of a structural surface material such as plywood or particle board, and is fixed to the frame material 15 that forms the frame of the building unit U with drill screws 92, nails, or the like.

The furring strips 12 are rod-shaped wooden pieces having a rectangular cross section, extend in the vertical direction, are arranged in parallel at intervals in the horizontal direction, and are fixed to the surface of the outer wall base material 11 by drill screws 92, nails, or the like. It is

The exterior wall panel 13 includes a base plate 13a inside the building and a tile 13b outside the building. The base plate 13a is a plate material that supports the tiles 13b, and is fixed to the furring strip 12 by a drill screw 92 or the like. The tiles 13b are arranged vertically and horizontally at predetermined intervals on the surface of the base plate 13a.

A ventilation layer 16 corresponding to the thickness of the furring strip 12 is formed in the vertical direction of the outer wall 10 between the outer wall base material 11 and the base plate 13a.

(roof configuration)
Next, the configuration of the roof RF will be described.
The roof RF is a roof called a flat roof, and includes a flat roof main body 20 and an eaves portion 30 surrounding the outer periphery of this roof main body 20 . In addition, as described above, the outer peripheral surface of the eaves portion 30 in the direction of the outside of the building is arranged in the horizontal direction at substantially the same position as the surface of the outer wall 10 (surface outside the building), or at a position slightly inside the building. ing.

The roof body 20 includes roof beams 21 , rafters 22 and roof materials 23 .
The roof beam 21 is provided on the outer periphery of the unit forming the roof RF, and is fixedly supported by the ceiling beam 17 provided on the upper part of the building unit U. As shown in FIG. The rafters 22 are spanned over a pair of opposing roof beams 21 , 21 .

The roof material 23 is supported by the rafters 22, is arranged at a position lower than the upper end of the roof beam 21 in the vertical direction, and is arranged at a position inside the building from the roof beam 21 in the horizontal direction. , a roofing 23b and a groove plate 23c.

The sheathing board 23 a is a supporting material for the roof RF, is formed of wooden plywood, and is supported by the rafters 22 . The roofing 23b is a sheet material for waterproofing. For example, felt-like base paper is impregnated with asphalt, covered with steel material powder on the front and back surfaces, and is laid on the upper surface of the sheathing board 23a. . The groove plate 23c is formed by bending a metal plate such as a steel plate, and a plurality of groove plates 23c are arranged side by side on the upper surface of the roofing 23b in a direction perpendicular to the roof slope.

(Structure of eaves)
Next, the configuration of the eaves portion 30 will be described.
The eaves part 30 includes a water cover 40 , a coping 50 and an eaves bracket 60 .

The water surface cover 40 is made of a metal plate such as a steel plate, and is bent downward at the edge portion facing the inside of the building in the horizontal direction so as to abut against the outer peripheral edge portion of the groove plate 23c. . In addition, the edge of the water cover 40 toward the outside of the building is arranged at a position outside the building than the outer wall base material 11, and is fixed in contact with the upper surface of the water cover support piece 63 of the eaves bracket 60, which will be described later. .

In addition, the water cover 40 is supported at its lower surface by ventilation spacers 31 having a rectangular cross section laid on the upper surfaces of the roof beam 21 and the outer wall base material 11 . It has a ventilation gap corresponding to the thickness of spacer 31 .

Further, an L-shaped piece 41 formed in an L-shaped cross section is connected to the edge portion of the water cover 40 inside the building, and the horizontal portion of the lower end of the L-shaped piece 41 is connected to the groove plate 23c by the blind rivet 91. is fixed to The gap between the water cover 40 and the L-shaped piece 41 is sealed with a prevention tape 24. As shown in FIG. Further, the roofing 23b of the roofing material 23 is formed to have a substantially flat cross-sectional shape provided on the lower side of the water cover 40, and is raised along the support piece 42 fixed to the ventilation spacer 31 to provide ventilation. It is provided along the upper surface of the spacer 31 . Thereby, the outer peripheral edge of the roof body 20 is sealed.

Next, the configuration and mounting position of the eaves bracket 60 will be described.
First, the mounting position of the eaves bracket 60 will be described.
The outer wall base material 11 has its upper end arranged at the same height as the roof beam 21, and supports the ventilation spacer 31 from below. On the other hand, the outer wall panel 13 is arranged such that its upper end is lower than the upper end of the outer wall base material 11, and the upper end of the outer wall base material 11 is provided with an open surface 11a exposed to the outside of the building. . The upper end of furring strip 12 is also arranged at the same height as the upper end of outer wall panel 13 .

The eaves bracket 60 is fixed to the open surface 11a of the outer wall base member 11 with a drill screw 92 at a position spaced apart from the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 13 .

Next, the configuration of the eaves bracket 60 will be described.
The eaves bracket 60 includes a base hollow portion 61 , a top rail support hollow portion 62 , a water cover support piece 63 , and a top rail support piece 64 .

The base hollow portion 61 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal cylindrical shape that is long in the horizontal direction. there is

The top rail supporting hollow portion 62 is formed in a cylindrical shape longer than the base hollow portion 61 in the vertical direction, the lower end portion is integrally connected with the base hollow portion 61, and the upper end is substantially the same as the installation height of the water cover 40. are placed close to each other. A locking groove 62a that opens upward is formed in the vertical middle portion of the top rail supporting hollow portion 62. As shown in FIG.

The water cover support piece 63 is a plate-shaped member extending substantially horizontally from the upper end of the coping support hollow portion 62 toward the inside of the building. The water cover 40 is fixed to the upper surface of the water cover support piece 63 by rivets 93 together with the coping 50 while the water cover 40 is in contact with the upper surface.

The top rail support piece 64 is formed integrally with the upper end portion of the rising piece 62b that rises upward from the upper end of the top rail supporting hollow portion 62, and the outer piece extends from the rising piece 62b toward the outside of the building. 64a and an inner piece 64b extending in the direction of the inside of the building. The outer piece 64a is formed with an upwardly convex piece 64c. The inner piece 64b is inclined downward toward the inside of the building and presses the water cover 40 from above.

Next, the capping 50 will be explained.
The coping 50 is formed to have a substantially L-shaped cross section by integrally connecting a wall-side cover portion 51 and a roof-side cover portion 52 .

Wall side cover part 51
A wall-side cover part 51 that covers the outer wall base material 11 of the outer wall 10 from the outside of the building in the horizontal direction and forms the building outside part of the eaves part 30, and a roof-side cover part 52 that forms the upper surface of the eaves part 30 are integrated. , and formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section.

The wall-side cover portion 51 covers the outer wall base material 11 of the outer wall 10 in the horizontal direction from the outside of the building. is formed continuously with the lower piece 51b extending inward. In addition, it is inserted into the locking groove 62a on the inside surface of the building, which is the middle part in the vertical direction of the wall side cover part 51, and defines the position of the top rail 50 in the horizontal direction in the building inside and outside directions and in the vertical direction. A locking piece 51c is formed.

The roof-side cover portion 52 forms the upper surface of the eaves portion 30, and is horizontally engageable with the flange portion 52a bent downward at the end portion inside the building and the projecting piece 64c of the eaves bracket 60. and an upwardly convex groove portion 52b. The roof-side cover portion 52 is fixed together with the water cover 40 to the water cover support piece 63 with screws.

(Structure of draining member)
Next, the draining member 80 will be described.
The draining member 80 is attached to the lower piece 51b of the lower end of the wall-side cover portion 51 of the coping 50. As shown in FIG.

The draining member 80 forms a ventilation passage (indicated by a two-dot chain line arrow Vp) with the outer wall 10, and is formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section by the vertical wall portion 82 and the upper wall portion 81. . The drain member 80 is attached to the coping 50 at positions having the following intervals La, Lb, and Lc between the outer wall base material 11 and the outer wall panel 13 to form the ventilation path.

That is, the upper wall portion 81 of the draining member 80 has a horizontal gap La between the tip inside the building and the outer wall base material 11, and between the lower surface and the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 13. It has an interval Lb in the vertical direction. Furthermore, there is a horizontal distance Lc between the surface of the vertical wall portion 82 inside the building and the surface of the outer wall panel 13 .

In providing the space La, as shown in FIG. The tip of 81 is attached to top rail 50 in a state where it abuts on spacer 70 .

In addition, in order to provide the space Lb, the vertical space between the lower end of the projection 51a of the coping 50 and the upper end of the outer wall panel 13 is set to the sum of the space Lb and the thickness of the upper wall portion 81. The portion 81 is brought into contact with the convex portion 51a. As shown in FIG. 3, the draining member 80 is attached to the top rail 50 by attaching mounting portions 83 provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the upper wall portion 81 to the lower piece 51b with drill screws 94. Fixed. The mounting portion 83 has a thickness corresponding to the vertical dimension between the lower surface of the lower piece 51b and the lower end of the projection 51a.

In order to provide the interval Lc, when the width dimension of the upper wall portion 81 in the building interior and exterior direction is brought into contact with the spacer 70 attached to the outer wall base material 11 at the tip, the vertical wall portion 82 is set to the outer wall panel. 13 to the outside of the building by a distance Lc in the horizontal direction.

(Effects of Embodiment 1)
Below, the effect of Embodiment 1 is enumerated.
(1) The roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1 includes a flat roof in which the outer periphery of the roof body 20 is surrounded by the eaves 30 as the roof RF of the building D. FIG. In addition, a ventilation gap (a gap between the convex portion 51a and the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 13) is provided along between the eaves portion 30 of the building D and the outer wall 10 provided below it, A plate-like draining member 80 is provided along the upper portion of the ventilation gap. Furthermore, the draining member 80 protrudes horizontally to the outside of the building from the eaves 30 and the ventilation gap, and is arranged with a first ventilation gap Lb in the vertical direction with respect to the outer wall 10. The upper wall part. 81 extends downward from the lower end position of the ventilation gap from the upper wall portion 81 and is arranged horizontally with respect to the outer wall 10 with a second ventilation gap Lc. and vertical walls 82 forming downwardly facing ventilation openings therebetween. Then, from the opening for ventilation, it passes through the first and second spaced portions for ventilation between the draining member 80 and the outer wall 10, and further reaches the attic of the roof RF via the eaves 30. A ventilation path indicated by a two-dot chain arrow Vp is formed.

Therefore, the attic can be ventilated through the ventilation path indicated by the two-dot chain arrow Vp. Also, during snowfall, even if snow accumulates on the roof RF and the upper wall portion 81 of the draining member 80, the opening of the ventilation passage on the outside of the building faces downward, and the upper end of the outer wall panel 13 of the outer wall 10 is Since the upper part and the horizontal direction are covered with the draining member 80, it is not blocked by accumulated snow. Also, if the water from the melted snow falls along the draining member 80, it falls from the vertical wall portion 82 away from the outer wall 10 to the outside of the building. Not all blocked. Therefore, even in a cold region with a lot of snowfall, ventilation performance in winter can be secured.

In particular, in Embodiment 1, the position of the surface of the outer wall 10 on the outside of the building and the position of the surface of the eaves portion 30 on the outside of the building are substantially aligned to provide a neat appearance. In such a structure, when it snows, the ventilation gap provided between the outer wall 10 and the eaves 30 may be blocked by snow. can be ensured, and the effect of improving the design flexibility of the building D can also be obtained.

(2) In the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 2, the outer wall 10 provided below the eaves 30 of the building D consists of the outer wall base material 11 arranged inside the building and the outer wall base material 11 outside the building. and an outer wall panel 13 provided covering the outer wall base material 11 and having a ventilation layer 16 between itself and the outer wall base material 11. - 特許庁The upper end of the outer wall panel 13 is arranged at a position lower than the upper end of the outer wall base material 11 and the eaves 30, and a gap for ventilation is formed between the upper end of the outer wall panel 13 and the eaves 30. formed. Furthermore, a first ventilation space Lb is provided between the upper wall portion 81 and the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 13, and a first space Lb is provided between the vertical wall portion 82 and the outer surface of the upper part of the outer wall panel 13. 2 ventilation spaces Lc are provided.

Therefore, the ventilation path indicated by the two-dot chain line arrow Vp described in (1) above can be realized at low cost by slightly improving the existing outer wall 10 .

(3) In the roof ventilation structure of Embodiment 1, the top wall portion 81 of the draining member 80 is horizontally positioned by abutting the tip of the inside of the building against the spacer 70 attached to the outer wall base material 11. and attached to the lower end portion of the coping 50 of the eaves portion 30 . With this positioning, a third space La is provided between the upper wall portion 81 and the outer wall base material 11, and a second space Lb for ventilation is provided between the vertical wall portion 82 and the outer wall panel 13. are placed.

Therefore, between the upper wall portion 81 of the draining member 80 and the outer wall base material 11 of the outer wall 10, a ventilation path indicated by the two-dot chain line arrow Vp can be secured.

(4) Building D of Embodiment 1 has the roof ventilation structure described in (1) to (3) above.
Therefore, it is possible to provide the building D with the roof ventilation structure having the effects described in (1) to (3) above.

(Other embodiments)
Next, another embodiment of the roof ventilation structure of the present disclosure will be described.
In the description of other embodiments, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned to the same configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the differences will be described.

(Embodiment 2)
The roof ventilation structure of the second embodiment differs from the draining member 80 of the first embodiment in the shape and mounting state of the draining member 280 .

Draining member 280 is formed of a metal plate material, and includes upper wall portion 281 and vertical wall portion 282 similar to those of the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the draining member 280 is located at the end opposite to the vertical wall portion 282 of the upper wall portion 281 and downward from the edge inside the building at the time of installation. A mounting piece 283 hanging down is integrally formed. The mounting pieces 283 are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the draining member 280 . The horizontal spacing between the mounting pieces 283 is set to match the horizontal spacing between the furring strips 12 of the outer wall 10 .

Next, the mounting state of the draining member 280 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the draining member 280 is arranged at a height such that a space Lb can be left between the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 13 and the attachment piece 283 as in the first embodiment. is fixed to the furring strip 12 by a drill screw 95.

Therefore, between the end surface of the upper wall portion 281 inside the building and the outer wall base material 11, there is a space corresponding to the height of the furring strip 12 from the outer wall base material 11 to form a ventilation path indicated by an arrow Vp. Interval La can be secured.

Further, based on the difference between the dimension of the upper wall portion 281 in the inside and outside direction of the building and the thickness dimension of the outer wall panel 13, an arrow A space Lc can be secured for forming the ventilation path indicated by Vp.

Therefore, even in the roof ventilation structure of the second embodiment, a ventilation path similar to that of the first embodiment is formed, and the ventilation performance in winter can be ensured even in a cold region with heavy snowfall.

As described above, the embodiment for implementing the roof ventilation structure of the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. Design modifications are included in the present invention.

For example, although an example of the eaves portion is shown in the embodiment, the configuration and shape of the eaves portion are not included in the gist of the present invention, and other shapes and configurations are possible. The point is. The eaves part should just have the gap for ventilation between the outer walls.

10 Exterior Wall 11 Exterior Wall Substrate 13 Exterior Wall Panel 16 Ventilation Layer 20 Roof Body 30 Eaves 50 Coping 70 Spacer 80 Draining Member 81 Upper Wall 82 Vertical Wall 280 Draining Member 281 Upper Wall 282 Vertical Wall D Building La 3rd Spacing Lb (for first ventilation) Spacing Lc (for second ventilation) Spacing RF Roof

Claims (4)

As the roof of the building, it has a flat roof with the outer circumference of the roof body surrounded by eaves,
A ventilation gap is provided along between the eaves of the building and an outer wall provided below it,
A plate-shaped draining member is provided along the upper part of the ventilation gap,
The draining member protrudes in the horizontal direction to the outside of the building from the eaves portion and the ventilation gap, and is arranged with a first ventilation interval in the vertical direction with respect to the outer wall; extending downward from the lower end position of the ventilation gap from the upper wall portion and disposed horizontally with respect to the outer wall with a second ventilation gap between the outer wall and the a vertical wall defining a downwardly facing ventilation opening;
From the ventilation opening, through the first and second ventilation spaced portions between the drain member and the outer wall, and further through the eaves to the attic of the roof. A roof ventilation structure in which ventilation channels are formed. The roof ventilation structure according to claim 1,
The outer wall provided below the eaves of the building includes an outer wall base material arranged inside the building and the outer wall base material covering the outside of the building, and a ventilation layer is provided between the outer wall base material and the outer wall base material. an exterior wall panel comprising
The upper end of the outer wall panel is positioned at a position lower than the upper end of the outer wall base material and the eaves, and the ventilation gap is formed between the upper end of the outer wall panel and the eaves. is,
the first ventilation space is provided between the upper wall portion and the upper end surface of the outer wall panel;
A roof ventilation structure in which said second ventilation spacing is provided between said vertical wall portion and the exterior building surface above said exterior wall panel. In the roof ventilation structure according to claim 2,
The draining member is horizontally positioned in a state where the upper wall part is in contact with the spacer attached to the outer wall base material at the tip of the inside of the building and is spaced a third distance from the outer wall. and a roof ventilation structure attached to the lower end of said eaves. In the roof ventilation structure according to claim 2,
The draining member has a mounting piece extending downward from the upper wall,
The mounting piece is fixed to the furring strip attached to the outer wall panel, and is attached between the tip of the upper wall portion and the outer wall base material with a gap corresponding to the ventilation layer. ventilation structure.