JP7148951B2 - Ventilation cross plate and ventilation roof using the same - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation slat that can be suitably used to achieve ventilation in the roof of a building, and a ventilation roof using the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a cross plate for ventilation that eliminates the complexity of construction and facilitates construction while allowing ventilation in the roof, and a ventilation roof using the same.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in buildings such as dwellings, a ventilation structure is provided in the roof or attic space for the purpose of discharging the moisture and heat accumulated in the attic to the outside.

Conventionally, a ridge cover material according to Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2-272153) has been proposed as a ridge cover material that is installed on the ridge part of the roof surface of a building and used for ventilation in the attic. It is This ridge cover material is composed of two plate-shaped ridge ventilation members extending in the ridge direction, and is constructed such that its cross section presents a substantially inverted V shape, and each ridge ventilation member is tapered from the upper surface to the lower surface. In addition, each ridge ventilation member is provided with a large number of communicating vent holes from one side to the other side. By covering the ridge of the roof with this ridge cover material from above, the moist air that permeates through the wall is installed in the ridge through the ventilation layer between the outer wall and the inner wall, the perforated plate under the eaves, and the attic. After reaching the ridge cover material, it is discharged outside through the ventilation holes provided in the ridge cover material. It is proposed that it will not invade and fall into the attic as water droplets.

Further, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-128148) proposes a ridgepole for a roof that can easily cope with attic ventilation by directly applying means for ventilation to the ridgepole. ing. This ridgepole is proposed to have a plurality of ventilating passageways along its length extending from the attic to the upper surface to which the roof substrate member is attached while the rafters are positioned. .

JP-A-2-272153 JP-A-8-128148

As mentioned above, ridge cover materials and ridgepoles have been proposed for ventilation of the attic (attic). However, the ridge cover material proposed in Patent Literature 1 needs to be placed over the sheathing board and then fixed by nailing the ridge board (span board) from above. For this reason, the ridge portion of the roof has a protrusion with the height of the ridge cover material and the ridge plate (span plate) laminated, and a ridge sheet metal is required to cover this. rice field.

In the technique of Patent Document 2, while the rafters are positioned, a plurality of ventilation passages for ventilation are formed at predetermined intervals in the length direction from the attic to the upper surface to which the base member of the roof is attached. This ensures an air passage from the attic to the outside of the roof substrate member. However, since this technique does not propose a method of discharging from the outside of the base member of the roof, it is considered difficult to substantially discharge the moisture and hot air in the attic to the outside.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cross-plate for ventilation which is easy to construct and has a reduced protrusion of the installed part (ridge part, etc.), and to provide a ventilation roof using the same.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a groove for ventilation (ventilation groove) leading from the attic to the outside is formed in the cross plate that is the structural material of the roof part of the building, and the ventilation groove collects in the attic by the ventilation groove. To provide a ventilation cross plate capable of discharging moisture and hot air accumulated in an attic by ventilating air, and a ventilation roof using the same.

That is, in the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, a cross plate used in a roof structure is provided with ventilation grooves in a direction intersecting the length direction of the cross plate at a predetermined distance in the length direction of the cross plate. Provide ventilation struts formed at intervals.

In particular, the ventilation grooves are desirably provided on the upper surface of the ventilation cross plate and on the long surface along the length direction, and the ventilation groove is formed from any long surface through the upper surface to the other long surface. It is desirable to form in a continuous state up to . Such a ventilation groove should be of a size that allows at least the movement of air, and its depth and width can be arbitrarily set as long as air permeability can be ensured.

In addition, the ventilation grooves provided on the long surfaces along the length direction are formed in an inclined shape so that the ventilation grooves provided on at least one of the long surfaces become deeper toward the bottom surface of the cross plate. is desirable.

Further, it is preferable that the groove width of the ventilation groove is formed to be different from the formation interval of the ventilation groove. That is, it is desirable to form the groove width of the ventilation grooves wider or narrower than the formation intervals of the ventilation grooves, and it is particularly desirable to form the groove widths of the ventilation grooves narrower than the formation intervals of the ventilation grooves.

Although it is desirable to use the cross-plate for ventilation according to the present invention as a roof member of a building, it can also be used as a member constituting a wall surface of a building, and furthermore, ventilation or ventilation is required. It can be used for various parts to be used.

Moreover, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a ventilation roof formed using the ventilation cross plate according to the present invention. That is, the ventilation slats are installed on sheathing boards or joists that constitute the roof, and the slats are surrounded by a shingle, and air in the attic is ventilated through ventilation grooves formed in the ventilation stilts. It is a ventilated roof configured to discharge outside.

Since the cross plate for ventilation according to the present invention can be installed in the same way as the cross plate used in conventional roof construction, it is possible to realize ventilation despite the ease of construction. can provide.

Furthermore, since the ventilation cross plate according to the present invention can be used in place of the conventional cross plate, even when installed on the roof part, the installation site (ridge part etc.) will not be bulky more than necessary. It is possible to provide a cross plate for ventilation with reduced protrusion and a ventilation roof using the same.

(A) Front view, (B) Plan view, (C) Bottom view, (D) Left side view, (E) EE longitudinal sectional view, ( F) F-F cross sectional view (A) Front view, (B) Plan view, (C) Bottom view, (D) Left side view, (E) EE longitudinal sectional view, ( F) F-F cross sectional view (A) Front view, (B) Plan view, (C) Bottom view, (D) Left side view, (E) EE longitudinal sectional view, ( F) F-F cross sectional view (A) Exploded view, (B) Longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state where the ventilation cross plate is installed on the ridge of the roof (A) Exploded view, (B) longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the ventilation cross plate is installed on the ridge portion of the roof according to another embodiment. Longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cross plate for ventilation is installed on a leaning roof Vertical sectional view showing a state in which a ventilation cross plate is installed on a leaning roof according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, a ventilation cross plate 10 according to the present embodiment and a ventilation roof using the same will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In particular, this embodiment shows an embodiment of the ventilation cross plate 10 installed on the roof of a building, but the ventilation cross plate 10 can be installed in any other place where ventilation is required. can.

FIG. 1 shows the ventilation cross plate 10 according to the first embodiment (A) front view, (B) plan view, (C) bottom view, (D) left side view, (E) EE longitudinal section It is a plan view and (F) a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F. In particular, the rear view corresponds to the plan view, and the right side view corresponds to the left side view.

Ventilation cross plate 10 according to this embodiment has ventilation grooves 11 extending over the front surface, the back surface, and the upper surface (flat surface) between the two, which are long surfaces along the length direction. The ventilation groove 11 is not formed on the bottom surface facing the sheathing board 22 of the roof, and the bottom surface is formed as a flat surface. However, this bottom surface can be provided with a structure for preventing rainwater from entering, for example, a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the cross plate can be formed.

Such a ventilation plate 10 can be formed in any size. For example, it can be formed to have a length of 3,000 mm, a thickness of 30 mm, and a width of 100 mm. However, the thickness of the ventilation cross plate 10 is desirably 10 mm or more in order to prevent rainwater from entering. The size of the ventilation cross plate 10 may be arbitrary, but when the length is 3 m, the omitted portion in the drawing is 1.49 m in the drawing attached to the application.

In the ventilation cross plate 10 according to the present embodiment, the ventilation groove 11 is formed across the front surface, the plane surface, and the rear surface. Further, the cross plate 10 for ventilation may be formed so as to extend in an oblique direction. Further, since it is sufficient that the ventilation groove 11 communicates from the bottom side of the front surface of the cross plate 10 for ventilation to the bottom side of the rear surface, it may be formed so as to branch in the middle. For example, a structure in which one groove is provided on the front side, two grooves are branched on the upper surface, and converge to one groove on the back side may be used. Furthermore, each ventilation groove 11 need not be formed as an independent groove, but can be formed by intersecting each other. As a result, the ventilation grooves 11 can also be formed to intersect each other like a mesh. Such a ventilation groove 11 can be formed with an arbitrary depth D and width as long as it is a size capable of realizing ventilation.

In this embodiment, the ventilation cross plate 10 has a ventilation groove 11 formed in a straight line extending over the front surface, the plane surface, and the rear surface, and the width W and depth D of the groove may be arbitrary. For example, the ventilation groove 11 can be formed as a groove having a groove width W of about 5 to 20 mm and a depth D of about 5 to 15 mm. The depth D of the ventilation grooves 11 may be sufficient as long as it is possible to secure a height (the height of the cross-plates 10 for ventilation) that does not allow rainwater to enter the bottom of the grooves 11 .

Further, in the cross plate 10 for ventilation according to the present embodiment, the groove width W of the ventilation groove 11 and the formation interval P thereof are the same, but both can be made different. By making the groove width W of the ventilation groove 11 and the formation interval P different, even when the two ventilation cross plates 10 are arranged facing each other, one ventilation groove 11 can be filled with the other ventilation cross plate. It is possible to avoid a situation in which the convex portion of the plate 10 between the ventilation grooves 11 enters and blocks the ventilation grooves 11.例文帳に追加In particular, when the groove width W of the ventilation groove 11 is made smaller than the formation interval P, the convex portion between the ventilation grooves 11 of the other ventilation cross plate 10 does not enter into one of the ventilation grooves 11, The ventilation groove 11 can be reliably secured. Therefore, the ventilation cross plate 10, in which the groove width W of the ventilation groove 11 and the formation interval P thereof are different, can be easily installed.

Ventilation grooves 11 formed in cross plate 10 for ventilation according to the present embodiment are formed as recessed grooves with a flat bottom surface, but of course other shapes may be used. For example, the ventilation groove 11 can be formed in various groove shapes such as a V-shaped groove and a U-shaped groove.

And the ventilation groove 11 formed in the ventilation cross plate 10 is a groove formed on the front side, that is, when installed on the roof, at least on the long surface existing on the eaves side (front or back in FIG. 1) The formed groove 11 is preferably formed so as to be deep on the bottom side of the ventilation cross plate 10 . By forming in this manner, the inner angle between the bottom surface of the groove and the installed roof surface can be made an acute angle, thereby reliably avoiding the situation in which rainwater rises through the ventilation opening and enters the roof. be able to. Particularly, in the ventilation cross plate 10 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. Although this inclination angle may be arbitrary, it can be appropriately set in consideration of the inclination angle of the roof surface.

The ventilation cross plate 10 described above can be made of resin, ceramic, metal, or the like, in addition to being made of wood. Especially when weight reduction is desired, when forming by resin molding, or when forming by metal pressing, as shown in the ventilation cross plate 10 according to the third embodiment in FIG. 3, the bottom side is recessed. It is also possible to form a hollow cross plate 10 for ventilation. That is, it can be formed as a plate or a corrugated plate in which convex portions and concave portions are alternately present in the longitudinal direction of the plate material. In particular, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the width of the ventilation groove 11 and the formation interval P of the ventilation groove 11 are different, and the width of the ventilation groove 11 is formed narrower than the interval between the ventilation grooves 11. is doing.

FIG. 4 is (A) an exploded view and (B) a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the ventilation cross plate 10 is installed on the roof ridge. The ventilation cross plate 10 shown in this embodiment can be fixed to the sheathing board 22 provided on the rafters 21 fixed to the ridgepole 20 with fasteners 28 such as nails and screws. In the present embodiment, the sheathing board 22, which is inclined to the left and right as viewed in the drawing, has an opening at the ridge, and the ventilation cross board 10 is fixed along with this opening 25. As shown in FIG. As a result, the ventilation cross plates 10 are spaced apart from each other in the ridge portion. When the ventilation cross-plates are spaced apart from each other in this way, it is not necessary to form a ventilation passage on the long surface (rear surface) of the ventilation cross-plate 10 on the ridge side, and on the eaves side. The cross plate 10 for ventilation can also be formed with ventilation passages only on the long side (front) and the top side. In the ventilation cross-plates 10 according to the present embodiment, even when the ventilation cross-plates 10 are arranged in a butted shape, the ventilation grooves 11 are arranged in front-plane-back in order to secure a vent from the ridge to the outside air. It is formed across

In the present embodiment, various roofing materials 23 such as a colonial roofing material 23 are provided on the sheathing board 22, and the ventilation crossboard 10 is fixed thereon. When fixing the ventilation cross plate 10, a waterproof material 24 such as a caulking material or waterproof tape is provided between the roof material 23 and the ventilation cross plate 10 to prevent rainwater from entering between them. preferably configured.

A ridge sheet metal 30 is provided so as to cover the ventilation cross plate 10 fixed to the sheathing board 22 (specifically, on the roof material 23) as described above. This ridge sheet metal 30 covers the ventilation cross plates 10 arranged facing each other, and forms a flange portion 31 bent in a flange shape so as to form a gap S between the eaves side and the roof material 23. there is By forming a flange portion 31 on the eaves side of the ridge sheet metal 30 and forming a gap S between it and the roof material 23, the air in the attic passing through the ventilation groove 11 of the ventilation cross plate 10 is smoothly discharged to the outside. can be discharged to In addition, by forming the flange portion 31 on the eaves side of the roof sheet metal when forming the gap S, rainwater does not enter the ventilation cross plate 10 side, and a ventilation ridge structure complete with waterproof measures is realized. The flange portion 31 formed on the eaves side of the roof sheet metal preferably forms a gap S with a height of 5 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more, between the roof material 23 and the flange portion 31. The protrusion width (the protrusion width toward the edge of the eaves) is desirably 10 mm or more, particularly 30 mm or more. It is also desirable that the flange portion 31 is provided with pillars 40 at predetermined intervals. The column 40 portion is provided between the roofing material 23 and the flange portion 31 and can function to prevent deformation of the flange portion 31 . This is to prevent deformation of the flange portion 31 due to accumulated snow in a snowfall area or the like. Since the column 40 only needs to prevent the deformation of the flange 31, the tip of the flange 31 may be formed into a corrugated plate to replace the column 40. As shown in FIG.

In the ridge structure configured as described above, the sheathing boards 22 present on the left and right sides of the drawing are opened at the ridge part, and the air in the lower surface space (that is, the attic space) of the sheathing board 22 from this opening 25 can reach the ridge. In the eaves portion, the ventilation cross plates 10 are arranged so that their long surfaces (back surfaces) are butted against each other with a predetermined interval, so that the air that reaches the ridge portion is In addition to the space existing between the ventilation cross plates 10, it passes through the ventilation grooves 11 formed in each ventilation cross plate 10, passes through the ventilation groove 11 on the upper surface of the ventilation cross plate 10, and passes through the ventilation groove 11 on the front side. , and is discharged outside through the gap S between the flange portion 31 on the eaves side of the ridge sheet metal 30 and the roofing material 23 . If the outdoor air pressure is higher than that in the attic, or if the wind is strong, the outdoor air can be introduced into the attic through the reverse route. As a result, efficient ventilation can be realized by the ventilation building structure, and hot air and humidity in the attic can be discharged smoothly, and outside air can be introduced smoothly. Even if rain accompanied by strong winds enters through the gap S, it does not rise to the height corresponding to the thickness of the ventilation cross plate, so rainwater can be prevented from entering the attic. .

FIG. 5 is (A) an exploded view and (B) a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment related to the ridge structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. The ridge structure according to this embodiment can be suitably implemented particularly when the roof structure has irregularities such as a folded plate roof, a tiled roof, a vertical gable roof, or the like. That is, in the ventilation cross plate 10 according to this embodiment, in order to cope with the uneven roof material 23, a roof joist 26 is provided on the sheathing board 22, and the ventilation cross plate is attached to the roof joist 26. 10 is fixed. An embodiment is shown in which the joist 26 raises the ventilation cross plate 10 to a height above the roofing material 23 .

The ventilation cross plates 10 fixed on the joists 26 on the left and right sides of the drawing are surrounded by the ridge sheet metal 30 in the same manner as the ridge structure shown in FIG. As a result, the ventilation cross plate 10 is surrounded by the ridge metal plate 30, but since the ventilation groove 11 is formed in the ventilation cross plate 10, the air in the attic space passes through the ventilation groove 11. can be ventilated. In addition, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering due to the thickness of the ventilation cross plate.

Especially in the present embodiment, since the roof material 23 has an uneven structure, the edge of the eaves of the ridge sheet metal 30 is formed so as to be in contact with the projections of the roof material 23 . Even if the flange portion 31 existing on the tip side of the ridge sheet metal 30 is provided so as to be in contact with the convex portion of the roofing material 23 in this way, the air passing through the ventilation groove 11 exists between the convex portions of the roofing material 23. Sufficient attic ventilation can be realized because it can move in and out of the building (especially the roof) through the recessed part.

Even in the ridge structure according to this embodiment, the thickness of the ventilation cross plate 10 is enough to protrude above the roof material 23. A ridge structure capable of realizing proper attic ventilation and further preventing intrusion of rainwater can be provided.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state applied to a leaning roof. As shown in this figure, the roof structure according to the present embodiment is provided with sheathing boards 22 on rafters 21 connected to pillars 40 and the like. A roofing material 23 is provided on the sheathing board 22. - 特許庁On the base end side of the roof provided on the pillars 40 and the like, the cross plate for ventilation 10 according to the present embodiment is fixed on the sheathing board 22 or the roof material 23. As shown in FIG. The ventilation cross plate 10 can be fixed by using nails, screws, etc., or by using an adhesive, a waterproof tape, or the like. A rain flashing sheet metal 32 extending from the inside of the outer wall 41 is placed on the ventilation cross plate 10, and the tip side (edge side of the eaves) thereof is flanged in the same manner as the ridge sheet metal 30 shown in FIG. A flange portion 31 is formed by bending it into a shape. The flange portion 31 forms a certain gap S with the roof material 23, thereby realizing ventilation of the attic (attic). In particular, the rain flashing sheet metal 32 according to the present embodiment is formed so as to extend from the inside of the furring strip 42 provided inside the outer wall 41 (between the furring strip 42 and the pillar 40). and the furring strip 42.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ventilation cross plate 10 is in the shape of a long plate. Ventilation grooves 11 are formed. The sheathing board 22 is attached at a distance of 10 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or more, from the fixed member such as the pillar 40, and an opening communicating with the attic is formed between the stationary member such as the pillar 40 and the sheathing board 22. It is As a result, the air in the attic passes through the space between the fixed member and the sheathing board 22, reaches the ventilation cross plate 10, passes through the ventilation groove 11 provided in the ventilation cross plate 10, and passes through the rain guard plate 32. can be discharged from the gap S between the flange portion 31 on the tip side of the roofing material 23 and the roofing material 23 . On the other hand, if the atmospheric pressure outside is higher than that in the attic, or if the wind is strong, outside air can be introduced into the attic (attic) via the reverse route, thereby achieving ventilation. be able to.

Also in the roof structure according to the present embodiment, the flange portion 31 is formed on the tip side (the eaves side) of the rain flashing sheet metal 32, and the roof material 23 is formed on an inclined surface that descends toward the eaves side. Therefore, there is no possibility that rainwater or the like will enter the attic (attic) through the space between the flange portion 31 and the roof material 23, and waterproofness can be ensured.

The roof structure formed in the above structure can be replaced with the cross plate used in the previous construction, and the cross plate for ventilation 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be used, so additional work is required. It can be constructed quickly without any need. Moreover, since the ventilation cross plate 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is formed to have the same thickness as the conventional cross plate, the root portion of the roof does not become bulky. Designability can also be improved.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment related to the roof structure shown in FIG. The ridge structure according to this embodiment can be suitably implemented particularly when the roof structure has irregularities such as a folded plate roof, a tiled roof, a vertical gable roof, or the like. That is, in the ventilation cross plate 10 according to this embodiment, in order to cope with the uneven roof material 23, a roof joist 26 is provided on the sheathing board 22, and the ventilation cross plate is attached to the roof joist 26. 10 is fixed. An embodiment is shown in which the joist 26 raises the ventilation cross plate 10 to a height above the roofing material 23 .

The ventilation cross plate 10 fixed on the ceiling hem 26 is covered with a flashing sheet metal 32 in the same manner as the ridge structure shown in FIG. As a result, the ventilation cross plate 10 is covered by the rain flashing sheet metal 32, but since the ventilation groove 11 is formed in the ventilation cross plate 10, the ventilation groove 11 in the space in the attic Air can be ventilated.

Especially in the present embodiment, since the roof material 23 has an uneven structure, the edge of the eaves side of the rain flashing sheet metal 32 is formed so as to be in contact with the projections of the roof material 23 . Even if the flange portion 31 existing on the tip side of the rain flashing sheet metal 32 is provided so as to be in contact with the convex portion of the roofing material 23 in this way, the air passing through the ventilation groove 11 will flow between the convex portions of the roofing material 23. Adequate attic ventilation can be achieved, as it can be moved in and out of the building (particularly the roof) through existing recesses.

And even in the ridge structure according to this embodiment, since the thickness of the ventilation cross plate 10 is sufficient to protrude above the roof material 23, the bulkiness on the base end side of the leaning roof is increased. It is possible to have a ridge structure that can realize sufficient attic ventilation while keeping the airflow low.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The ventilation cross-plate of the present invention and the ventilation roof using the same can be used for roof structures of various buildings in addition to buildings such as houses. Furthermore, it can be used not only for roofs but also for structural parts that require ventilation.

10 Ventilation slats
11 ventilation grooves
20 Purlin
21 rafters
22 Nojiki board
23 Roofing materials
24 Waterproof material
25 openings
26 Norim
28 Fixture
30 ridge sheet metal
31 Flange
32 Rain flashing sheet metal
40 pillars
41 Outer wall
42 furrings
P formation interval
S gap
W groove width

Claims (4)

A strut for use in roof construction, comprising:
Ventilation grooves oriented to intersect the length direction of the cross plate are formed at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the cross plate ,
The ventilation grooves provided on the long surfaces along the length direction are characterized in that at least one of the ventilation grooves provided on the long surfaces is inclined so as to become deeper toward the bottom surface of the cross plate. Ventilation cross plate.
2. The ventilation groove according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation grooves are provided on the upper surface and on the long surfaces along the length direction, and are formed in communication from one of the long surfaces to the other long surface. ventilation slats.
3. The ventilation cross plate according to claim 1, wherein the groove width of said ventilation groove is different from the formation interval of said ventilation groove.
The ventilation cross plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is installed on the sheathing board or joist that constitutes the roof, and the cross board is surrounded by a ridge cover,
A ventilation roof characterized by discharging air in the attic to the outside through a ventilation groove formed in the ventilation cross plate.

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