JP7315972B2 - car emergency exit device - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used easily and quickly when, for example, a car equipped with laminated glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped in the car due to a traffic accident or the like, and the occupant can be reliably and safely escaped from the car. The present invention relates to an emergency escape system for automobiles, capable of continuously and repeatedly performing crushing operations by a crushing tool, achieving stable and reliable crushing, and rapidly forming an escape space.

In recent years, there have been an increasing number of cases in which occupants are trapped in submerged vehicles due to flooding of roads or flooding of rivers due to heavy rain.
In such a case, it is necessary for the occupant to quickly cut the seat belt to release the restraint of the body, shatter the door glass, and escape from the vehicle.
The applicant has developed and already proposed various devices as emergency escape devices that meet such a purpose.

For example, a fire extinguishing gas cylinder filled with carbon dioxide is loaded into a seal-breaking device, a seat belt introduction groove is provided on the side of the seal-breaking device, a seat belt cutter is placed in the introduction groove, and a seat belt is placed in the seat belt introduction groove. is introduced to enable the seat belt cutter to cut, and a hammer member is attached to the bottom of the loaded extinguishing gas cylinder, and the pointed end of the hammer member is struck against the door glass to crush it, and after escaping from the room, the head of the seal breaking device There is one in which a fire extinguishing gas cylinder is sealed by manipulating a part, and the fire extinguishing gas is sprayed at the origin of a car fire to extinguish the fire (see Patent Document 1).

In addition, one end of the grippable cylindrical emergency escape tool is provided with a seat belt introduction groove and a seat belt cutter, and the other end is provided with a hammer portion that cuts the seat belt inserted into the seat belt introduction groove into a seat belt cutter. There is a type in which the door glass is broken by hitting the sharp end of the hammer portion against the door glass and escapes from the vehicle (see Patent Document 2).

By the way, in recent years, automobiles using laminated glass for the door glass have appeared for the purpose of improving quietness. The laminated glass consists of two sheets of single glass and a synthetic resin interlayer bonded between them, and is thin and tough.
In the event of an emergency in a vehicle using such laminated glass, if the aforementioned escape device is used, the laminated glass cannot be shattered, and there is concern that the occupants will not be able to escape from the vehicle.

Therefore, as a solution to such a problem, in a laminated glass for a vehicle in which an interlayer film is interposed between a pair of tempered glasses, the interlayer film is provided with a hit area, and at least one of the tempered glasses is crushed in the hit area. A conical or polygonal pyramid-shaped metal, ceramics, or other member to be struck is provided, and the region of the tempered glass on the interior side of the room to be struck is first hit with a hammer or the like to cause cracks on the surface to reach the inside, thereby breaking the tempered glass. Cracks are self-propelled and destroyed.
The impact force by the hammer or the like is transmitted to the area to be struck, compressing the intermediate film in the thickness direction, and the sharp part of the member to be struck protrudes from the intermediate film and collides with the surface of the other tempered glass to strengthen the tempered glass. There is a method in which a crack is generated on the surface of the glass and reaches the inside of the glass, and the crack is self-propelled inside the glass to break the inner tempered glass and break a pair of tempered glasses at the same time (Patent Document 3). reference).

However, the above-mentioned laminated glass for vehicles requires formation of a hit member and a hit region in the intermediate film, which complicates the construction and manufacture of these components, and as a result, the laminated glass tends to be easily shattered. There was a problem that the strength was rather reduced.

Japanese Patent No. 5148623 Japanese Patent No. 6811122 JP 2020-172404 A

The present invention solves such problems, and while maintaining the toughness of laminated glass, for example, when a car equipped with laminated glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped in the car due to a traffic accident, etc., it can be easily and quickly In addition to enabling the occupants to escape from the vehicle reliably and safely, the crushing action of the crushing tool was made continuous and repeatable, achieving stable and reliable crushing and quickly forming an escape space. , aims to provide an emergency exit device for motor vehicles.

In the invention of claim 1, an automobile using laminated glass for automobile glass is provided with an emergency escape device having a seat belt cutting device and a crushing tool, and a seat belt is provided so that the seat belt can be cut by the seat belt cutting device. By cutting the belt, restraint of the occupant's body is released and a crusher is provided so that the crusher can be used, a predetermined area of the laminated glass can be crushed from the passenger compartment side through the crusher, and the laminated glass is passed through the crusher. Alternatively, in an emergency escape device for a vehicle, an escape space for an occupant can be formed around it, and the occupant can escape to the outside of the vehicle through the escape space , wherein the seat belt cutting device is provided in the hollow part inside the escape device main body. One end is connected with a pin, one end of the spring box is accommodated in the base end portion in the seat belt cutting device, the square shaft portion of the glass breaking device is mounted inside the escape device main body, and the square hole in the square shaft portion , the other end of the spring box is slidably inserted into the rear end of the square hole, and the spring box is movably attached to the seat belt cutting device through the elasticity of the first spring. As a result, the seat belt can be easily and quickly cut by the seat belt cutting device, and the glass breaking device and the seat belt cutting device are integrated into a compact structure.
A square shaft portion of the glass crushing device is arranged inside the escape device main body, a square hole is formed inside the square shaft portion, a first spring and a chip holder are accommodated in the front side of the square hole, and a corner A spring box is slidably inserted into the rear end of the hole, and the spring box provides stable movement of the tip holder.
The tip holder and the spring box are arranged so as to be movable close to each other, and the elastic accumulation of the first and second springs accommodated therein is realized with a simple structure.
A stepped hole is formed in the spring box, and the stepped hole accommodates a second spring stronger than the first spring so that different strength springs can adjust the operation and displacement of the spring box. .
When the tip holder and the spring box move closer to each other, the elasticity of the first spring and the second spring are provided so as to be able to be accumulated, so that the impact tip can be moved at high speed and a good crushing action can be realized with a simple structure.
That is, the accumulated elasticity of the first spring and the second spring biases the tip holder so that it can protrude toward the laminated glass, and the tip of the impact tip connected to the tip holder is attached to the tempered glass plate on the passenger compartment side. Collision and crushability are provided to rationally crush the tempered glass plate.
On the other hand, a pair of substantially inverted L-shaped levers are arranged facing each other inside the escape device main body, and the intermediate portions of the levers are rotatably connected via guide pins, and the levers are moved around the guide pins. It is rotatably supported so that the lever can be rotated.
The angular shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to move closer to each other through the rotational displacement of the lever, the guide pin is provided so as to be movable along the pin engaging groove and the pin switching groove, and the impact chip is provided. After projecting, the grip of the lever is released, and the lever is provided so as to be able to return to its original position through the elasticity of the first and second springs, and the impact tip is provided so as to be able to return to its original position, making them resettable. , the crushing operation by the crushing tool is made continuous and repeatable to achieve stable and reliable crushing and to quickly form an escape space.

According to the second aspect of the invention, a thick glass pressing plate is provided at the tip of the glass crushing device, an opening communicating with the moving passage of the tip holder is formed in the glass pressing plate, and the impact tip is ejected from the opening. is arranged so that it can appear and disappear, and the impact tip is placed away from the laminated glass to protect the impact tip at all times, and during crushing, the separation is achieved at high speed to increase the crushing capacity. .
According to the third aspect of the invention, the opening of the glass pressing plate is provided so that it can be closed at all times via a protective sheet made of rubber, so that minute fragments generated by crushing the laminated glass enter the opening. In order to prevent internal malfunction, the tip of the tip holder is surely protruded, and the laminated glass is surely crushed .

According to the invention of claim 4, the chip holder is arranged in the square hole behind the glass pressing plate to protect the chip holder before crushing and promote stable operation during crushing. In the present invention, a substantially L-shaped pin engaging groove is formed at a position facing the intermediate portion of the square hole, and a substantially parallelogram-shaped pin switching groove is formed at a position facing the peripheral surface of the tip side of the spring box. , the pin switching groove and a part of the pin engaging groove are arranged so as to be superimposed so as to coordinate the operation of the tip holder and the spring box.
In the invention of claim 6, a guide pin is movably inserted into the pin engagement groove and the pin switching groove, the guide pin is normally arranged in the bent portion of the pin engagement groove, and the square shaft portion and the spring box are connected. It is possible to coordinate the operation of the square shaft part or the chip holder and the spring box .

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the square shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to move toward each other through the rotational displacement of the lever, and the guide pin is provided so as to be movable along the pin engaging groove and the pin switching groove. , which enables high-speed movement and crushing of the chip holder .
According to the eighth aspect of the invention, engaging projections are provided on both sides of the rear end of the square shaft portion, and the intermediate portion of the lever is hooked on the engaging projections so that the lever can be rotated about the engaging projections as fulcrums. , so that the pivoting action of the lever can be easily realized by utilizing the principle of leverage .

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the guide pin is provided so as to move together when the square shaft portion and the spring box move closer to each other, and when the square shaft portion and the spring box move to a certain degree, the guide pin moves out of the bent portion of the pin engaging groove. This makes it possible to move and realize the projecting operation of the tip holder .
According to the invention of claim 10, the guide pin is moved from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove and is provided movably along the straight portion of the pin engagement groove, and the guide pin is moved from the bent portion and linearly moved. is realized, and the projecting operation of the tip holder can be realized .

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, when the guide pin is moved from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove, the tip holder is provided so as to be movable toward the tip side of the square shaft portion by the accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs, and the guide pin is moved. In association with the movement of the pin from the bent portion, the accumulated resilience of the first and second springs acts on the tip holder to protrude its sharp end to break the laminated glass.

In the twelfth aspect of the invention, when the lever rotates, the guide pin is provided movably along the oblique side of the pin switching groove so that the guide pin can escape from the bent portion of the pin engaging groove, thereby rationally projecting the chip holder. practically feasible .
According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, two pivot pins are spaced apart inside the escape device main body, two pivot holes engageable with the pivot pins are formed in the upper end of the lever, and the pivot The holes are provided so as to be sequentially engageable with the pivot pins, and the turning radius of the lever is provided so as to be gradually increased, so that the crushing operation by the lever can be realized reliably and smoothly.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the invention, an illumination tube is provided around the glass pressing plate so that the laminated glass can be shattered reliably and easily at night.
According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the glass crushing apparatus comprises a crushing bit that can be rotated by fluid pressure or power, and the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape to perforate or crush the laminated glass. The crushing force is strengthened by a plurality of spiral blades, and the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape to disperse and remove the glass particles and powder, thereby crushing the laminated glass smoothly and efficiently.

According to the invention of claim 1, the seat belt cutting device has one end of an escape device main body connected to an internal hollow portion by a pin, one end of a spring box is accommodated in a base end portion inside the seat belt cutting device, and the escape device main body is accommodated in the base end portion of the seat belt cutting device. A square shaft portion of the glass crushing device is mounted inside the square shaft portion, a square hole is formed inside the square shaft portion, a first spring is accommodated in the front side of the square hole, and a rear end portion of the square hole The other end of the spring box is slidably inserted, and the spring box is biased to move toward the seat belt cutting device through the elasticity of the first spring, so that the seat belt can be easily and quickly cut by the seat belt cutting device. Since one end of the spring box is housed in the base end of the seatbelt cutting device, the glass breaking device can be integrated with the seatbelt cutting device in a compact manner.
Further, the square shaft portion is arranged inside the escape device main body, a square hole is formed inside the square shaft portion, and the first spring and the chip holder are accommodated in the front portion of the square hole. Since the spring box is slidably inserted in the rear end, the stable movement of the tip holder can be realized by the spring box .
Since the tip holder and the spring box are arranged so as to be movable close to each other, the accumulation of resilience of the first spring and the second spring housed therein can be rationally realized with a simple structure.
Further, a stepped hole is formed in the spring box, and the stepped hole accommodates a second spring stronger than the first spring, and the different strength springs allow the tip holder and the spring box to move closer together. Since the elasticity of the 1st spring and the 2nd spring can be accumulated, the operation and displacement of the spring box can be adjusted by springs of different strength, and the simple structure enables high-speed movement of the impact chip and good crushing thereof . operation can be realized .
Since the elasticity of the first spring and the second spring can be accumulated when the tip holder and the spring box are moved closer to each other, a crushing mechanism and high-speed movement of the impact tip can be realized with a simple structure.
That is, the accumulated elasticity of the first spring and the second spring biases the tip holder so that it can protrude toward the laminated glass, and the tip of the impact tip connected to the tip holder is attached to the tempered glass plate on the passenger compartment side. It can be collided and crushable, and the tempered glass sheet can be rationally crushed.
On the other hand, a pair of substantially inverted L-shaped levers are arranged facing each other inside the escape device main body, and the intermediate portions of the levers are rotatably connected via guide pins, and the levers are moved around the guide pins. Since it is rotatably supported, it is possible to realize the rotatable movement of the lever.
The angular shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to move closer to each other through the rotational displacement of the lever, the guide pin is provided so as to be movable along the pin engaging groove and the pin switching groove, and the impact chip is provided. After projecting, the grip of the lever is released, and the lever is provided so as to be able to return to its original position through the elasticity of the first and second springs, and the impact tip is provided so as to be able to return to its original position, which can be reset. Therefore, the crushing operation by the crushing tool can be made continuous and repeatable, stable and reliable crushing can be realized, and an evacuation space can be quickly formed.

According to the second aspect of the invention, a thick glass pressing plate is provided at the tip of the glass crushing device, an opening communicating with the moving passage of the tip holder is formed in the glass pressing plate, and the impact tip is ejected from the opening. is arranged so that it can appear and disappear, the impact chip is arranged away from the laminated glass, and the impact chip is always protected, and at the time of crushing, high-speed movement is realized by the separation, and the crushing capacity can be enhanced. .
According to the third aspect of the invention, since the opening of the glass pressing plate can be normally closed via a protective sheet made of rubber, fine fragments generated by crushing of the laminated glass enter the opening. It is possible to prevent such a situation, prevent an internal malfunction, reliably project the tip of the tip holder, and reliably crush the laminated glass.

According to the invention of claim 4, since the chip holder is arranged in the square hole behind the glass pressing plate, the chip holder can be protected before crushing and stable operation during crushing can be promoted.
In the invention of claim 5, a substantially L-shaped pin engaging groove is formed at a position facing the intermediate portion of the square hole, and a substantially parallelogram-shaped pin switching groove is formed at a position facing the peripheral surface of the tip side of the spring box. is formed, and a part of the pin switching groove and the pin engaging groove are arranged so as to overlap each other, so that the operation of the chip holder and the spring box can be coordinated.
In the invention of claim 6, a guide pin is movably inserted into the pin engagement groove and the pin switching groove, the guide pin is normally arranged in the bent portion of the pin engagement groove, and the square shaft portion and the spring box are connected. Since this is made possible, the action of the square shaft or tip holder and the spring box can be coordinated .

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the square shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to move toward each other through the rotational displacement of the lever, and the guide pin is provided so as to be movable along the pin engaging groove and the pin switching groove. Therefore, high-speed movement and crushing of the tip holder can be realized.
According to the eighth aspect of the invention, engaging projections are provided on both sides of the rear end of the square shaft portion, and the intermediate portion of the lever is hooked on the engaging projections so that the lever can be rotated about the engaging projections as fulcrums. , it is possible to easily realize the turning operation of the lever by utilizing the principle of leverage .

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the guide pin is provided so as to move together when the square shaft portion and the spring box move closer to each other, and when the square shaft portion and the spring box move to a certain degree, the guide pin moves out of the bent portion of the pin engaging groove. Since it is movable, it is possible to realize the projecting operation of the tip holder .
According to the invention of claim 10, the guide pin is moved from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove and is provided movably along the straight portion of the pin engagement groove, and the guide pin is moved from the bent portion and linearly moved. is realized, the projecting operation of the tip holder can be realized .

According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, when the guide pin is moved from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove, the tip holder is movable to the tip side of the square shaft portion by the accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs. In association with the movement of the guide pin from the bent portion, the accumulated resilience of the first and second springs acts on the tip holder to protrude the leading end of the tip holder to break the laminated glass.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the guide pin is movably provided along the oblique side of the pin switching groove when the lever is rotated, and the guide pin can escape from the bent portion of the pin engaging groove, so that the chip holder can be protruded. can be rationally realized .
According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, two pivot pins are spaced apart inside the escape device main body, two pivot holes engageable with the pivot pins are formed in the upper end of the lever, and the pivot Since the holes are provided so as to be sequentially engageable with the pivot pins, the turning radius of the lever can be gradually increased, and the crushing operation by the lever can be reliably and smoothly realized.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, since the illumination tube is provided around the glass pressing plate, it is possible to reliably and easily crush the laminated glass at night.
According to the fifteenth aspect of the invention, the glass crushing device comprises a crushing bit that can be rotated by fluid pressure or power, and the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape to perforate or pierce the laminated glass. Since it can be crushed, the crushing force is strengthened by a plurality of spiral blades, and the crushing bit is formed into a pyramid shape to disperse and remove the glass particles and powder, so that the laminated glass can be crushed smoothly and efficiently. .

According to the twenty-first aspect of the invention, two pivot pins are spaced apart inside the escape device main body, two pivot holes engageable with the pivot pins are formed in the upper end of the lever, and the pivot Since the support holes are provided so as to be sequentially engageable with the pivot pins, the turning radius of the lever can be gradually increased, and the crushing operation by the lever can be realized reliably and smoothly.
According to the invention of claim 22 , after the impact tip protrudes, the grip of the lever is released, and the lever is provided so as to be able to return to its original position through the elasticity of the first and second springs, and the impact tip is returned to its original position. Since they are provided so as to be resettable and can be reset, the crushing operation by the crushing tool can be made continuous and repeatable, stable and reliable crushing can be realized, and an escape space can be quickly formed .
According to the invention of claim 23 , when the lever is rotated, the guide pin is provided movably along the oblique side of the pin switching groove, and the guide pin can escape from the bent portion of the pin engaging groove. High-speed movement and crushing action can be realized .
According to the twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, since the illumination cylinder is provided around the glass pressing plate, it is possible to reliably and easily crush the laminated glass at night.
According to the twenty-fifth aspect of the invention, the glass crushing device includes a crushing bit that can be rotated by fluid pressure or power, and the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape to perforate or pierce the laminated glass. Can be made friable .

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the invention, the means for forming an escape space for laminated glass arranges the laminated glass on the side of the front door where the peripheral edge of the upper end portion can be released from restraint by the glass holding frame, and the crusher is located below the laminated glass. One or more locations in a predetermined area are perforated from the passenger compartment side, cut or crushed, provided with a configuration part that can be fused or vibrated, and the strength of the crushed area or crushed portion is reduced through crushing by the crushing tool. a pressing portion capable of pressing outward a space of the laminated glass spaced upwardly from the crushing portion; pressing the pressing portion outward from the vehicle compartment side; A push-bending portion that can be pushed and bent from the chamber side to the outside is provided, and a detachment portion is provided so that the upper end peripheral edge of the laminated glass can be separated from the glass holding frame through the displacement of the push-bend portion to the outside, and the pressing portion of the laminated glass is provided. Alternatively, since a wide escape space is formed in the partitioned space between the push-bending portion, the glass holding frame and the detachment portion, the occupant can be evacuated to the outside of the vehicle reliably, quickly and safely from the escape space.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, and has shown the condition before crushing of laminated glass. It is a front view which shows the square shaft part of the glass crushing apparatus in 1st embodiment. It is a front view which decompose|disassembles and shows the square shaft part of the glass crushing apparatus of 1st embodiment, and a spring box. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3; FIG. The left side view of FIG. 3 shows the opening rotated 90°.

The state which attached the impact tip|tip to the tip|tip holder applied to 1st Embodiment is shown. FIG. 4 is a plan view of an outer case applied to the first embodiment; The front view of the lever applied to 1st Embodiment, and shows the positional relationship of a pivot hole and a pivot pin. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing part of the shank portion of the lever applied to the first embodiment; FIG. 4 is a front view showing a part of the front door using the laminated glass in the first embodiment;

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows the crushing condition of the laminated glass by the glass crushing apparatus applied to 1st Embodiment, (a) has shown the condition just before crushing which has arrange|positioned a glass pressing plate to the inner surface of laminated glass. (b) shows a situation in which the impact tip collides with the inner tempered glass and cracks are generated, among the operating conditions of the glass crusher. (c) shows a state in which the impact tip reaches the intermediate film among the operating states of the glass crusher. (d) shows a state in which the impact tip reaches the outer tempered glass and cracks occur, among the operating states of the glass crusher. (e) shows a state in which the impact tip has penetrated through the outer tempered glass among the operation states of the glass crusher.

After breaking a part of the laminated glass, it is pushed out and displaced to form an escape space. The front view of the second embodiment of the present invention shows the situation before the laminated glass is crushed. It is a front view of the square shaft part applied to 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view of a spring box applied to the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state where an impact tip is attached to the tip holder applied to the second embodiment;

It is a front view which shows the edge part of the emergency escape apparatus applied to 2nd Embodiment. A cross-sectional view showing the main part of the third embodiment of the present invention, showing the mounting state of the crushing bit provided with the spiral blade, and the state before the crushing bit collides with the laminated glass. are doing. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing how a crushing bit enters the laminated glass in the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the crushing bit in the third embodiment, showing a situation where the crushing bit collides with the laminated glass, and the inner disc spring is compressed;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the state of crushing laminated glass by the pyramid-shaped crushing bit applied to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of dispersing and removing glass particles and powder during crushing. It is a front view which shows the emergency escape apparatus applied to 5th Embodiment of this invention, and the illumination tube is provided in the circumference|surroundings of the glass pressing board. FIG. 11 is a front view showing a crushing device in which the sixth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a fire extinguisher, and a crushing bit is attached to the bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder loaded in the fire extinguisher. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part of 6th Embodiment. FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view showing a crushing bit applied to the sixth embodiment; FIG. 11 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 27 is a plan view of FIG. 26; 27 is a right side view of FIG. 26; FIG. 27 is a bottom view of FIG. 26; FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the crushing apparatus which applied 7th Embodiment of this invention to the emergency escape apparatus. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the crushing apparatus to which 7th Embodiment is applied, and is shown upside down. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state of crushing laminated glass by the crushing apparatus to which the seventh embodiment is applied, in which the protective cover is bent and the crushing bit is exposed.

It is a front view which shows the crushing apparatus which applied 8th Embodiment of this invention to the fire extinguisher, and the crushing bit is attached to the bottom part of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder with which the fire extinguisher was charged. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part of 8th Embodiment. FIG. 21 is an enlarged perspective view showing a crushing bit applied to a ninth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 20 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the ninth embodiment; 37 is a plan view of FIG. 36; FIG. 37 is a right side view of FIG. 36; FIG. 37 is a bottom view of FIG. 36; FIG.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a crushing device of an emergency escape device to which the ninth embodiment is applied, with a crushing bit attached to one end thereof; The vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 40 is shown upside down. FIG. 11 is a front view showing a crushing device in which the tenth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a fire extinguisher, and a crushing bit is attached to the bottom of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder loaded in the fire extinguisher. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of the tenth embodiment; FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a crushing bit applied to the tenth embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a front view of a crushing bit applied to the tenth embodiment; 46 is a plan view of FIG. 45; FIG. 46 is a right side view of FIG. 45; FIG. 46 is a bottom view of FIG. 45; FIG. FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a crushing device in which the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is applied to an emergency escape device, and a crushing bit is attached to one end thereof; The vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 49 is shown upside down.

1 to 12, reference numeral 1 denotes an emergency escape device and a long A cylindrical escape device body 2 having a length of about 17 cm and an outer diameter of about 4 cm is provided.

The seat belt cutting device 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the inner hollow portion thereof is connected to the distal end portion of the escape device main body 2 by a pin, and the seat belt introduction groove 5 is opened at the base end side thereof. A guide surface of the seat belt introduction groove 5 is formed obliquely, and a seat belt cutter 6 is arranged obliquely at the inner part thereof so as to cut the introduced seat belt B. As shown in FIG.

The escape device main body 2 includes a pair of outer cases 7, 7 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. The outer cases 7, 7 are connected to face each other. accommodates
That is, a laterally elongated rectangular recessed groove 9 is formed inside the outer case 7, and an elongated lever housing groove 10 is formed on the side thereof.

A substantially L-shaped pin engaging groove 11 is formed at a position facing the intermediate portion of the square shaft portion 8, and a rectangular opening window is formed at a position facing the peripheral surface of the pin engaging groove 11 and the tip of the other side surface. Approximately trapezoidal engaging protrusions, which will be described later, are projected from positions facing the other end of the peripheral surface.
A stepped square hole 14 is formed inside the square shaft portion 8 , a first spring 15 is accommodated in the front end portion of the square hole 14 , and the end portion of the first spring 15 is arranged in the bent portion of the pin engagement groove 11 . It is

A spring box 16 is slidably inserted into the rear end portion of the square hole 14, and a pin switching groove 17 is formed at a position facing the front end portion of the peripheral surface of the box 16. The switching groove 17 is a horizontally elongated parallelogram. , and a guide pin 18 is movably accommodated therein.
A switching side 17a on the rear side of the pin switching groove 17 is formed as a gentle oblique side, and the guide pin 18 moved to the switching side 17a is moved upward so that it can be displaced upward.

A stepped hole 19 is formed in the spring box 16, and a second spring 20 stronger than the first spring 15 is accommodated in the stepped hole 19, and the spring 20 presses the square shaft portion 8 to move backward. are made to be able to accumulate elasticity.

The guide pin 18 is inserted from the outside of the square shaft portion 8 into the pin engagement groove 11 and the pin switching groove 17, and the square shaft portion 8 and the spring box 16 are connected via the guide pin 18, thereby A spring box 16 is pushed into the portion 8 and latched.
A tip holder 21 in the shape of a square shaft is movably inserted into the first spring 15, and at the tip of the holder 21, a hard plate-like impact tip 22 having a pointed end 22a serves as a crushing tool, and a pin 23 is attached. fixed through.

A thick rectangular plate-like glass pressing plate 24 is projected from the tip of the square shaft portion 8 , and a vertically long rectangular opening 25 is formed in the end surface of the pressing plate 24 . The impact tip 22 is made retractable.
A pivot portion 27 of a lever 26 is accommodated in each lever accommodating groove 10 of the outer case 7 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.

The lever 26 is formed by pressing a thick steel plate into a substantially inverted L shape, and has a pivot portion 27 bent downward at an acute angle at its upper end.
Two pivot pins 30, 31 are spaced apart from each other in the lever housing groove 10, and the pivot holes 28, 29 are arranged so as to be sequentially engageable with the pivot pins 30, 31. A pivot pin 30 engages 28 .

A tapered engaging portion 32 is formed on the upper portion of the lever 26, and the engaging portion 32 is arranged so as to be able to engage with a plate-like engaging projection 34 projecting from the rear end portion of the square shaft portion 8, Due to the displacement of the angular shaft portion 8 which is normally pushed forward by the second spring 20 , the pivot pin 30 is urged to engage with the pivot hole 28 .
The lever 26 has a shank 33 extending obliquely downward from the engaging portion 32, and a plate-shaped shank holder 34a is screwed between the shanks 33,33.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the front seat door 35 is partitioned by sashes 36 to 38, which are glass holding frames , and a beltline frame 39. Between them, an elevating device 42 having a motor 41 moves the laminated glass. 40 is provided so as to be able to move up and down from a storage section (not shown) directly below.
Therefore, the laminated glass 40 is not tightly fixed around its periphery.
In FIGS. 10 and 12, 35a is a pressing portion capable of pressing outward the space of the laminated glass 40 upwardly separated from the crushing portion 46a, which will be described later, and 35b is the space of the laminated glass 40 upwardly separated from the crushing portion 46a. 37a is a detachment portion in which the peripheral edge of the upper end of the laminated glass 40 can be detached from the glass holding frame 37; Or in a crushing section or crushing area consisting of a plurality of crushing, by these pressing part 35a, bending part 35b, separating part 37a, crushing part or crushing area 46a, in the emergency escape device of the automobile and the method of using the emergency escape device, It constitutes an escape space forming structure and an escape space forming means.

In the laminated glass 40, tempered glass plates 43 and 44 made of inorganic glass are arranged inside and outside the room, and an intermediate film 45 made of thermoplastic resin is arranged between them.
In the embodiment, the tempered glass plates 43 and 44 have a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. It is desirable for safety and weight reduction of the vehicle to make it thinner than .
In addition, the thickness of the intermediate film 45 should be 0.2 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less, preferably 0.3 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less to make it lightweight and easy to handle. is desirable.

In the figure, 46 is a plurality of perforation marks or penetration marks formed by the emergency escape device 1 along the beltline frame 39 in the lower part of the laminated glass 40, 47 is a thin thin A protective sheet made of a rubber plate prevents minute fragments generated when the laminated glass 40 is crushed from entering the opening 25, thereby preventing internal malfunctions. After a certain amount of crushing, the glass 40 is pushed out to form an escape space for the occupant.

The automobile emergency escape system of the present invention constructed as described above is equipped with a seat belt cutting device 3 at one end of the escape system main body 2 and a glass breaking device 4 at the other end, and these devices must be manufactured.
Among them, the seat belt cutting device 3 is made of synthetic resin and formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, and the inner hollow portion thereof is attached to the leading end portion of the escape device body 2 and connected with a pin.
The seat belt cutting device 3 of the embodiment is configured so that it can be divided into two along the axial direction centered on the seat belt introduction groove 5, and the respective molded products are joined and connected with pins to simplify production.

A seat belt introduction groove 5 is opened on the base end side of the seat belt cutting device 3, a guide surface of the introduction groove 5 is formed obliquely, and a seat belt cutter 6 is obliquely arranged in the inner part thereof to introduce the seat belt. The seat belt B that has been cut is made cuttable.

The escaping device main body 2 includes a glass crushing device 4 made of synthetic resin in the form of a square shaft, a spring box 16 slidably inserted into the rear end of the crushing device 4, and a piece attached to the outside of the crushing device 4. A pair of outer cases 7,7 and a pair of levers 26 mounted on the outer cases 7,7 are provided.

Among them, the glass crushing device 4 has a thick rectangular plate-shaped glass pressing plate 24 protruding from the tip, a rectangular opening 25 is formed in the end face of the glass pressing plate 24 , and a square hole 14 is formed inside the square shaft portion 8 . , and the first spring 15 and the chip holder 21 are accommodated inside the square hole 14 .
The tip holder 21 is made of steel and has a square shaft. A plate-shaped impact tip 22 with high hardness is fixed to the tip of the tip holder 21. A guide pin 18 is inserted into a pin hole P at the rear end of the tip holder 21. Connect the spring box 16 .

A substantially L-shaped pin engaging groove 11 that communicates with the square hole 14 is formed at a position facing the intermediate portion of the square shaft portion 8, and a trapezoidal plate-like engaging projection 34 is protruded from the rear end portion.
The spring box 16 is resin-molded in the shape of a rectangular tube, and a pin switching groove 17 is formed in the front end portion thereof. .

The switching edge 17a on the rear side of the pin switching groove 17 is formed as a gentle oblique side, and the guide pin 18 rides on the switching edge 17a just before the breakage of the laminated glass 40 by the rotating operation of the lever 26 is started. moves upward to escape from the bent portion and merge with the pin engagement groove 11 , thereby allowing the guide pin 18 to move along the linear pin engagement groove 11 .

A second spring 20 is accommodated in the spring box 16 , and a guide pin 18 is inserted into the pin switching groove 17 at the front end of the spring 20 from the outside of the square shaft portion 8 to connect the spring box 16 and the square shaft portion 8 .
As a result, the elasticity stored in the second spring 20 is transmitted to the tip holder 21 at once, and the impact tip 22 at the tip can be protruded from the opening 25 .

A stepped square hole 14 is formed inside the outer case 7, the square shaft portion 8 and a part of the spring box 16 can be accommodated in the square hole 14, and a lever accommodation groove 10 is formed through the outer side thereof, Two pivot pins 30 and 31 can be spaced apart from each other in the lever receiving groove 10 .

The lever 26 is formed by pressing a thick steel plate into a substantially inverted L shape, and has a pivot portion 27 bent downward at an acute angle at the upper end thereof.
A tapered engaging portion 32 is formed on the upper portion of the lever 26, and the engaging portion 32 is arranged to engage with a plate-like engaging projection 34 projecting from the rear end portion of the square shaft portion 8. As shown in FIG.

The levers 26, 26 manufactured in this manner are inserted into the lever housing grooves 10, 10 of the outer cases 7, 7, and the pivot holes 28, 28 are engaged with the pivot pins 30, 30. Further, the engaging portions 32, 32 are engaged with the engaging projections 34, 34 on both sides of the square shaft portion 8, the shanks 33, 33 are arranged to protrude downward, and a plate-shaped shank is provided between the shanks 33, 33. The holder 34 is screwed.

The emergency escape system for an automobile assembled in this manner is as shown in FIG. It is arranged so as to protrude downward.
In this case, the pin engagement groove 11 in the intermediate portion of the square shaft portion 8 and the pin switching groove 17 of the spring box 16 inserted into the square shaft portion 8 are partially overlapped, and the pin engagement of this overlapping portion is performed. A guide pin 18 is inserted into the bent portion of the groove 11, and the square shaft portion 8 and the spring box 16 are pin-connected.

At this time, the spring box 16 is slightly moved toward the square shaft portion 8 to compress the first spring 15, and its elasticity is applied to the levers 26, 26 through the engaging protrusions 34, 34, and the levers 26, 26 are moved. 26 is rotated counterclockwise about the engagement projections 34 , 34 to press the pivot hole 28 against the pivot pin 30 . This situation is illustrated in FIG.

When using such an automobile emergency escape device, the lever 26 is grasped and rotated counterclockwise with the engaging projection 34 as a fulcrum.
In this way, the square shaft portion 8 moves toward the seat belt cutting device 3 side while compressing the first spring 15, and the guide pin 18 moves together with this to move toward the rear side of the pin switching groove 17. As the square shaft portion 8 moves, the second spring 20 inside the spring box 16 is compressed, and the elasticity of the first and second springs 15 and 20 is accumulated.

Thereafter, when the lever 26 is further rotated in the same direction, the pivot portion 27 of the lever 26 moves upward, the pivot hole 28 retreats from the pivot pin 30 and disengages, and instead the pivot hole 29 engages pivot pin 31 .
As a result, the radius of rotation of the lever 26 with the engagement projection 34 as a fulcrum increases, and the operating force of the lever 26 is reduced accordingly, making it easier to move the guide pin 18 to the base of the switching side 17a of the pin switching groove 17. , and start climbing the switching side 17a.

In this way, when the guide pin 18 gradually moves upward along the switching side 17a and is pulled out of the bent portion of the pin engagement groove 11 and moves to the straight portion, the elastic restraining action of the first and second springs 15 and 20 is released. Released, their elastic resultant force acts on the tip holder 21 via the guide pin 18 .
As a result, the tip holder 21 moves to the tip side in the square shaft portion 8, and the impact tip 22 breaks through the protective sheet 47 and protrudes from the opening 25, so that the tempered glass 44 inside the laminated glass 40 can be crushed. .

The emergency escape device 1 assembled in this way has a simple structure of each component, and since most of the components are molded from synthetic resin, it is lightweight and can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. The labor burden of the actual crushing work is reduced. Moreover, since it is compact and lightweight, the emergency escape device 1 can be stored at an appropriate position near the front seat in the passenger compartment.

Next, when the emergency escape device 1 is used to crush the laminated glass 40 installed near the front seat of the automobile, the seat belt cutting device 3 is first operated while holding the emergency escape device 1, and the seat belt is introduced. The seat belt B is inserted into the groove 4, the side end of the seat belt B is cut by the seat belt cutter 6, and the restraint of the seat belt B on the body is released.

After that, the pressing plate 24 at the tip of the square shaft portion 8 of the glass crushing device 4 is pressed against and held against the tempered glass 44 at the inner lower portion of the laminated glass 40 . In this way, the friction of the protective sheet 47 facilitates the holding of the pressing plate 24 at a fixed position.
Since the emergency escape device 1 is not operated under this circumstance, the impact tip 22 is placed in a stationary position, and its pointed end 22a is positioned away from the tempered glass 44 surface. This situation is as shown in FIG. 11(a).

In this case, the actual working position for the laminated glass can be selected according to the physique of the occupant, the riding position, and the cabin conditions.
For example, depending on the physique of the occupant and the riding position, the emergency work position is selected from the lower, middle, or upper position of the laminated glass. and work in a comfortable posture.
Then, when the work is performed and the strength of the working position of the laminated glass is lowered, the separated position, for example, the upper position, the lower position, or the intermediate position of the working position is pushed outward to push the laminated glass outward. rationally form the escape space 48.

During such emergency work, when the emergency escape device 1 is operated, the impact chip 22 breaks through the protective sheet 47 and protrudes from the opening 25, and collides with the tempered glass 44 inside the laminated glass 40. A crack is formed and propagates to the periphery, breaking the tempered glass 44 . This situation is as shown in FIG. 11(b).
In this case, since the cross section of the impact tip 22 is rectangular and compact, the impact force and frictional force on the tempered glass 44 are small, and the elasticity of the first and second springs 15 and 20 required for this can be reduced.

At this time, minute fragments generated by breaking the tempered glass 44 are prevented from entering the square shaft portion 8 by the protective sheet 47, and are prevented from biting into the impact tip 22 and the tip holder 21, thereby smoothing out the impact. maintain good operation.

Thereafter, when the impact tip 22 moves further inside the laminated glass 40 and reaches the intermediate film 45, the relatively soft intermediate film 45 is quickly destroyed. This situation is as shown in FIG. 11(c).
After breaking the intermediate film 45 , the impact chip 22 moves to the outer tempered glass 43 , penetrates the glass 43 to form a crack, propagates to the periphery, and breaks the tempered glass 43 . This situation is shown in FIG. 11(d).

In this way, when the impact chip 22 penetrates the laminated glass 40 , a vertical rectangular perforation mark 46 having substantially the same shape as the cross section of the impact chip 22 is formed through the laminated glass 40 . This situation is shown in FIG. 11(e).

After punching a single hole in the laminated glass 40, the lever 26 is released from the grip. The tip holder 21 is pulled back into the square shaft portion 8, and the impact tip 22 returns to its original position inside the square shaft portion 8, thereby resetting to the state shown in FIG.

After that, the pressing plate 24 of the emergency escape device 1 is moved to another position close to the punched mark 46, and another punched mark 46 is formed by performing the same punching operation as described above. Thereafter, this operation is repeated to form a crushing area sufficient for forming an escape space 48, which will be described later.

As the crushed area of the laminated glass 40 is increased in this manner, the strength of the crushed portion gradually decreases.
Therefore, when the position of the laminated glass 40 away from the crushed portion is pushed outward from the vehicle compartment, the flexibility of the intermediate film 45 remaining due to the lever action allows it to be easily bent outward. , and the partitioned spaces of the sashes 36 to 38, which are the mounting portions of the laminated glass, form an escape space 48 from which the occupant can escape. This situation is as shown in FIG.

In this case, as mentioned above, the actual working position for the laminated glass is selected according to the physique of the occupant, the riding position, and the cabin conditions. In addition, when the laminated glass falls off from the surrounding mounting part due to the impact of emergency work and the restraint becomes loose, the separated position, for example, the upper position or lower position of the working position, or the intermediate position is moved outward. Pressing pushes the laminated glass outward to form an escape space.
In this case, the emergency work is a single work or multiple and continuous work to reduce the strength of the working position.

As described above, according to the emergency escape device 1 of the first embodiment, the elasticity of the first and second springs 15 and 20 exerts a strong piercing force or crushing force on the impact tip 22 in spite of its small size, light weight, and simple structure. is obtained, the laminated glass 40 can be crushed, and the crushing operation can be easily and quickly performed by a simple trigger operation with the lever 26. - 特許庁

Further, according to the emergency escape method, the front door 35, whose periphery is not completely fixed, is subjected to the above-described emergency work, and after the predetermined crushing, the front door 35 is pushed from the passenger compartment side to the outside. Since the occupant is bent to form an escape space 48 for occupant's escape, the structure of the front seat door 35 and the laminated glass 40 can be rationally utilized to realize this.

13 to 50 show another embodiment of the present invention, using the same reference numerals for components corresponding to those of the previous embodiment. Among them, FIGS. 13 to 17 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a seat belt cutting device 3 and a glass crushing device 4 are arranged at both ends of the square shaft portion 8, and the square shaft portion 8 accommodates first and second springs 15 and 20 .

The configuration and operation of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment. , the second spring 20 inside is compressed and the first spring 15 is compressed so that their resilience can be accumulated.

The guide pin 18 is inserted into the pin engaging groove 11 and the pin switching groove 17, the guide pin 18 is normally positioned at the bent portion of the pin engaging groove 11, and is moved together with the movement of the spring box 16 for switching. By moving on the side 17a, it is possible to move from the bent portion to the linear groove.
At this time, the resultant elastic force of the first and second springs 15 and 20 is applied to the guide pin 18 and applied to the tip holder 21 to project the impact tip 22 from the opening 25. Make it protrusive.

In this embodiment, the lever 26 is formed in a substantially L shape, one end of which is rotatably connected to the angular shaft portion 8 via a pin 50, and the base end portion 26a of the lever 26 is connected to the end portion of the spring box 16. By arranging them so that they can be engaged, the tip holder 21 is simply configured, and can be manufactured inexpensively and rationally, so that it can be mass-produced.

18 to 20 show a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a crushing device for laminated glass 40. Instead of piercing the laminated glass 40 by colliding the impact chip 22, which is the crusher 22, with the laminated glass 40, A crushing bit 51 having a high hardness is rotatably provided on a cylinder 52 as a crushing tool 22 so that the laminated glass 40 can be crushed or perforated.

The crushing bit 51 is provided with a plurality of spiral blades 51a on the cylindrical surface to strengthen the crushing force. A disc spring 55 is disposed between them so as to be able to expand and contract, and the elasticity of the disc spring 55 causes the crushing bit 51 to swing and rotate when struck into the laminated glass 40, thereby crushing or perforating the surface of the laminated glass 40. making it possible.

In this case, in order to operate the rocking rotary motion of the crushing bit 51 for a long time, it is also possible to link the bit 51 with a motor that can be driven by a vehicle power source.
In addition, a gas cylinder (not shown) filled with carbon dioxide of about 4 MPa is placed behind the flange 54, and the seal plate (not shown) of the gas cylinder is broken at a predetermined time to eject carbon dioxide to the spiral blade 51a. It is also possible to improve the crushing ability by increasing the rotational force of the crushing bit 51.

FIG. 21 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a crushing bit 51, which is a crushing tool 22, is formed into a pyramid shape to disperse and eliminate glass particles/powder 56 of the laminated glass 40 accompanying crushing. The crushing of the glass 40 is smoothly and efficiently performed.

FIG. 22 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an illumination cylinder 57 is attached to the outer side of the glass pressing plate 24 to clearly indicate the periphery of the glass pressing plate 24, so that the crushing operation can be performed at night. Safely and reliably doable.
The illumination tube 57 has a plurality of LED lamps that can be flashed by a built-in DC power supply (dry battery), and these can be turned on and off by a switch (not shown).
The illumination tube 57 is substantially the same as disclosed in Applicant's previously proposed US Pat. No. 5,757,939.

In addition to crushing the laminated glass 40, in addition to the impact method using the impact tool described above and crushing using a rotating tool, for example, irradiation with a pressurized fluid such as compressed air or high-pressure water, ultrasonic irradiation, and application of repeated elastic vibrations. Vibration destruction by vibration method, fusion cutting method by irradiation of laser or maser beam or electromagnetic wave, method of cutting by pushing sharp can opener-like manual crushing tool along sashes 36, 38, and small size such as air hammer. A method of continuously impacting the periphery of the laminated glass 40 using a power tool to crush it, or a method of continuously cutting the periphery of the laminated glass 40 using a rotary power tool such as a chain saw. It is also possible to adopt

FIGS. 23-29 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel breaking device 58 suitable for breaking laminated glass 40. FIG. The crushing device 58 is applied to a fire extinguishing device mounted on an automobile, and the fire extinguishing device is loaded with a small and lightweight carbon dioxide gas cylinder 59 (about 4 MPa) as a fire extinguishing gas, and a seal breaking device 60 equipped with the gas cylinder 59. A needle tube (not shown) capable of breaking a seal plate (not shown) of the gas cylinder 59 is provided inside. The outline of said fire extinguishing equipment is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5148623 already proposed by the applicant.

A seat belt introduction groove 61 is formed obliquely on the side of the seal-breaking device 60 and opens downward. A seat belt 63 inserted in 61 can be cut.

In the figure, 64 is a seal-breaking knob provided at the upper end of the seal-breaking device 60, and the safety plate 65 connected to the seal-breaking knob 64 is pulled off by pulling the seal-breaking knob 64 sideways. Through the empty space, the seal breaking knob 66 can be pushed down, and the inclined tube (not shown) at the lower end of the seal breaking rod (not shown) connected to the seal breaking knob 66 is pierced into the seal plate to break the seal plate. Sealable.

As a result, the carbon dioxide gas filled in the gas cylinder 59 can be ejected, and the carbon dioxide gas can be ejected from a nozzle (not shown) and sprayed to the fire source (not shown).
In the figure, 67 is a gripping portion with a concave curved surface provided at the bottom of the crushing seal 60 .

A mounting nut 68 is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59 , and a crushing bit 70 is attached to the female threaded portion 69 of the nut 68 as the crushing tool 22 .
The crushing bit 70 is made of an alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed in a substantially arrowhead shape, and the tip portion 70a thereof is quenched to achieve high hardness.

The sharp end portion 70a has substantially roof-shaped small bits 71 arranged back-to-back, with a steep ridgeline 72 defining the joint edge thereof, and a short ridgeline 74 extending from the top portion 73 thereof. Further, ridgelines 75, 75 are branched in two directions from the lower end of the ridgeline 74, and ridgelines 76, 76 are branched in two directions from the lower end of the ridgeline 72. FIG.

A steep tapered surface 77 is formed between the ridgelines 72, 74, 75 and 76, and one side of the ridgelines 75 and 76 is vertically cut off to form a vertical surface.
A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the lower portion of the pointed end portion 70a so that the threaded shaft can be tightened to the female screw portion 69. As shown in FIG.

Since the tip portion 70a of the crushing bit 70 is formed into a polyhedron with a plurality of tapered surfaces, the tip portion 70a of the crushing bit 70 exerts impact forces in various directions on the automobile glass compared to the conventional cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped tip portion. Since crushing and perforation are promoted, the laminated glass 40 can be crushed efficiently and quickly.

Therefore, the crushing device 58 equipped with the crushing bit 70 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and can quickly escape from the passenger compartment.
Further, since the crushing bit 70 can be easily attached by screwing the threaded shaft 78 into the female threaded portion 69, it is not necessary to form an annular groove on the peripheral surface of the attachment shaft and fit a snap ring in the groove as in the conventional art. does not require much work.

30-32 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel breaking device 79 suitable for breaking laminated glass 40. FIG. The crushing device 79 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is accommodated in an upright posture inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. A summary of the emergency escape device is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6811122 already proposed by the applicant.

The emergency escape device is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a seat belt introduction groove 61 is obliquely formed and opened at one end thereof. A seat belt (not shown) inserted into the belt introduction groove 61 can be cut.

At the other end of the emergency escape device, the above-mentioned crushing bit 70, which is the main part of the crushing device 79, is attached. A screw shaft 78 is tightened and attached to a female screw portion 82 formed in a bolt head portion 81 integral with the bolt head portion 81 .

In the figure, 83 is a cylindrical guide arranged outside the support rod 80. Spacers 84 and 85 are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the guide 83, and a nut 86 screwed onto the screw shaft of the support rod 80 is arranged on the spacer 84. are doing.
A coil spring-like balance weight 97 is arranged inside the cylindrical guide 83, and its weight increases the inertial force when the emergency escape device is used, and increases the impact of the crushing bit 70.

A hollow cylindrical bit retainer 87 is arranged outside the bolt head 81 , and a cylindrical rubber protective cover 88 is arranged between the bit retainer 87 and the bolt head 81 . The tip portion of the protective cover 88 protrudes outside the cylindrical body and normally surrounds the crushing bit 70 to avoid contact with fingers.

When the crushing bit 70 crushes the laminated glass 40, the tip 88a of the protective cover 88 is pushed and bent as shown in FIG. making it possible.
In the figure, 89 is a convex portion axially formed on the peripheral surface of the cylinder along the seat belt insertion groove 61, and 90 is an annular groove formed on the intermediate peripheral surface of the cylinder, in which an O-ring 91 is mounted. , thereby facilitating gripping of the barrel of the emergency escape device.

Since the crushing device 79 has the above-mentioned crushing bit 70 at the sharp end, the crushing device 79 exerts impact forces on automobile glass in various directions, compared to a conventional crushing device having a conical or pyramidal sharp end. It is possible to efficiently and quickly crush the laminated glass 40 by promoting crushing and perforation.
Therefore, the crushing device 79 equipped with the crushing bit 70 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and quickly escape from the passenger compartment.

FIGS. 33-39 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel breaking device 92 suitable for breaking laminated glass 40. FIG. The crushing device 92 is applied to a fire extinguishing device mounted on an automobile, and since the fire extinguishing device is substantially the same as the fire extinguishing device in the sixth embodiment, common components are given the same reference numerals, The explanation is omitted.

In this embodiment, a mounting nut 68 is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59 , and a crushing bit 93 is attached to the female threaded portion 69 of the nut 68 as the crushing tool 22 .
The crushing bit 93 is made of an alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed in a substantially semi-metallic shape.

That is, the tip portion 93a has a front shape slightly longer than a substantially semicircular shape, and both sides of the circumference portion thereof are formed into tapered surfaces 94 having an acute angle, and a flat surface 95 is formed outside the tapered surfaces 94 in parallel. We are trying to make it thinner and lighter.
A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the lower portion of the pointed end portion 93a so that the threaded shaft 78 can be tightened to the female screw portion 69. As shown in FIG.

The crushing bit 93 has a tapered surface 94 with an acute angle on both sides of the tip portion 93a, and the peripheral edge thereof is formed in a substantially arc shape. A strong impact force is applied to a wide area to promote crushing and perforation, so that the laminated glass 40 can be crushed efficiently and quickly.
Therefore, the crushing device 92 equipped with the crushing bit 93 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and can quickly escape from the passenger compartment.

40 and 41 show a ninth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel breaking device 96 suitable for breaking laminated glass 40. FIG.
The crushing device 96 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is accommodated in an upright posture inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. Since the outline of the emergency escape device is substantially the same as that of the emergency escape device in the seventh embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the common components, and the explanation thereof is omitted.

The crushing bit 93 of this embodiment is similar to the crushing bit 93 of the eighth embodiment, and both sides of the sharp end portion 93a are formed into tapered surfaces 94 with an acute angle, and the peripheral edge thereof is formed in a substantially arc shape. Compared to the conventional conical or pyramidal pointed end portion, a strong impact force is exerted on the automotive glass over a wide area to promote crushing and perforation, so the laminated glass 40 can be efficiently and quickly crushed.
Therefore, the crushing device 96 equipped with the crushing bit 93 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and can quickly escape from the passenger compartment.

FIGS. 42-48 show a tenth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel breaking device 98 suitable for breaking laminated glass 40. FIG. The crushing device 98 is applied to a fire extinguishing device mounted on an automobile, and since the fire extinguishing device is substantially the same as the fire extinguishing device in the sixth embodiment, common components are given the same reference numerals, The explanation is omitted.

In this embodiment, a mounting nut 68 is welded to the bottom surface of the gas cylinder 59, and the male threaded portion 78 of a crushing bit 99 is attached to the female threaded portion 69 of the nut 68 by tightening it as the crushing tool 22. there is
The crushing bit 99 is made of an alloy tool steel (SKD11) having excellent wear resistance and is formed into a substantially house shape, and the pointed end 99a thereof is quenched to provide high hardness.

The pointed end portion 99a is formed by forming tapered surfaces 100, 100 at the tip of a substantially house-shaped cross section so as to intersect in a roof shape, and cutting off the four sides vertically to form a horizontally long rectangular vertical surface 101 and a house-shaped vertical surface 102. They are arranged facing each other.
A threaded shaft 78 is formed at the lower portion of the pointed end portion 99a so that the threaded shaft 78 can be tightened to the female screw portion 69. As shown in FIG.

The crushing bit 99 forms a plurality of tapered surfaces 99 with acute angles and a vertical surface 102 at the tip of the sharp end 99a, and cuts off the periphery vertically to form a horizontally long rectangular vertical surface 101 and a house-shaped vertical surface 102. Therefore, as compared with the conventional conical or pyramidal tip, a strong impact force acts on the automobile glass, promoting crushing and perforation, and efficiently and quickly crushing the laminated glass 40. can be done.
Therefore, the crushing device 98 equipped with the crushing bit 99 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and can quickly escape from the passenger compartment.

49 and 50 show an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, which shows a novel crushing device 103 suitable for crushing laminated glass 40. FIG.
The crushing device 103 is applied to an emergency escape device mounted on an automobile, and the escape device is accommodated in an upright posture inside a door pocket (not shown) of the automobile. Since the emergency escape device of this embodiment is substantially the same as the emergency escape device of the seventh embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the common components, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The crushing bit 99 of this embodiment is the same as the crushing bit 99 of the tenth embodiment, and both sides of the pointed end portion 99a are formed into tapered surfaces 100 with an acute angle, and the periphery thereof is vertically cut off to form a horizontal rectangular vertical surface 101. And since it is formed on the house-shaped vertical surface 102, it exerts a strong impact force on the automobile glass over a wider area than the conventional conical or pyramidal pointed end portion, and promotes crushing and perforation, resulting in high efficiency. The laminated glass 40 can be broken well and quickly.
Therefore, the crushing device 103 equipped with the crushing bit 99 can quickly crush the laminated glass 40 and can quickly escape from the passenger compartment.

Thus, the vehicle emergency escape system of the present invention can be used easily and quickly when, for example, a vehicle equipped with laminated glass is submerged in water or an occupant is trapped in the vehicle due to a traffic accident or the like. It is designed to enable the occupants to escape from the vehicle reliably and safely, and to enable the continuous and repeatable crushing operation of the crusher to achieve stable and reliable crushing and to quickly form an escape space. .

3 seat belt cutting device 4 glass crushing device
8 square shaft portion 11 pin engagement groove 15 first spring 16 spring box 17 pin switching groove

17a switching side 18 guide pin 20 second spring 21 tip holder 22 crushing tool (impact tip)
24 glass pressing plate 25 opening 26 lever

28, 29 Pivot holes 30, 31 Pivot pin 40 Laminated glass 47 Protective sheet 48 Escape space 51, 93 Crushing bit 51a Spiral blade 57 Illumination tube

62 Seatbelt cutting device 58, 79, 92, 96 Crushing device 68 Mounting nut 69 Female threaded portion 70 Glass crushing device 70a Pointed end 77 Tapered surface 78 Screw shaft

Claims (15)

For automobiles that use laminated glass for automotive glass, An emergency escape device equipped with a seatbelt cutting device and a crushing tool is provided, and the seatbelt can be cut by the seatbelt cutting device. a predetermined area of the laminated glass can be crushed from the passenger compartment side via the crushing tool; an escape space for the occupants can be formed in or around the laminated glass through the crushing unit; and through the escape space In an automobile emergency escape device that enables an occupant to escape from the vehicle, The seat belt cutting device has one end of an escape device main body connected to an internal hollow portion by a pin, one end of a spring box is accommodated in a base end portion inside the seat belt cutting device, and a glass breaking device is provided inside the escape device main body. , a first spring is accommodated in a square hole in the square shaft, the other end of the spring box is slidably inserted into the rear end of the square hole, and the elasticity of the first spring is The spring box is movably biased toward the seatbelt cutting device via the, the square shaft portion of the glass breaking device is arranged inside the escape device main body, a square hole is formed inside the square shaft portion, and the The first spring and the chip holder are housed in the front part of the square hole, the spring box is slidably inserted into the rear end part of the square hole, the chip holder and the spring box are arranged so as to move close to each other, and A stepped hole is formed in the spring box, and a second spring stronger than the first spring is accommodated in the stepped hole, and elasticity of the first spring and the second spring is increased when the chip holder and the spring box move closer is provided to be able to accumulate, and the tip holder is biased so as to protrude toward the laminated glass through the accumulated elasticity of the first spring and the second spring, and the tip of the impact tip connected to the tip holder is moved toward the passenger compartment. A pair of substantially inverted L-shaped levers are arranged facing each other inside the escape device main body, and the intermediate portions of the levers are rotatably connected via a guide pin. The lever is rotatably supported around the guide pin, the square shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to move closer to each other through the rotation displacement of the lever, and the guide pin and the pin engagement groove are provided. movably along the pin switching groove, releasing the grip of the lever after the impact chip protrudes, and movably returning the lever to its original position via the elasticity of the first and second springs; An emergency escape device for an automobile, characterized in that an impact chip is provided so as to be able to return to its original position and can be reset.. A thick glass pressing plate is provided at the tip of the glass crushing device, an opening communicating with the moving passage of the tip holder is formed in the glass pressing plate, and the impact tip is arranged so as to be able to appear and retract from the opening. 2. The vehicle emergency escape system according to claim 1. 3. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein the opening of said glass pressing plate can be normally closed via a protective sheet made of rubber. 2. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein said tip holder is arranged in a square hole behind said glass pressing plate. A substantially L-shaped pin engaging groove is formed at a position facing the intermediate portion of the square hole, and a substantially parallelogram-shaped pin switching groove is formed at a position facing the peripheral surface of the tip side of the spring box, and the pin switching 2. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the groove and a part of the pin engagement groove are arranged so as to be superimposed. A guide pin is movably inserted into the pin engagement groove and the pin switching groove, and the guide pin is normally arranged in the bent portion of the pin engagement groove so that the square shaft portion and the spring box can be connected. An emergency exit device for the described motor vehicle. 2. A guide pin is provided so as to be movable along the pin engagement groove and the pin switching groove, while the square shaft portion and the spring box are provided so as to be movable toward each other through the rotational displacement of the lever. listed car emergency exit device. Engagement projections are provided on both sides of the rear end portion of the square shaft portion, and an intermediate portion of the lever is hooked to the engagement projections so that the lever can be rotated about the engagement projections as a fulcrum. 1. The vehicle emergency escape device according to 1. The guide pin is provided so as to be able to move together when the square shaft portion and the spring box are moved closer to each other, and the guide pin is provided so as to be movable to the switching side of the pin switching groove when the square shaft portion and the spring box are moved to a certain degree. is movable from the bent portion of the pin engaging groove.. 2. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein said guide pin is movable along a straight portion of said pin engaging groove, moving from said bent portion of said pin engaging groove.. When the guide pin is moved from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove, the tip holder is provided so as to be movable toward the tip side of the square shaft portion by the accumulated elasticity of the first and second springs. 2. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the holder is protrusible.. 2. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein a guide pin is provided movably along the oblique side of the pin switching groove when the lever is rotated, and the guide pin can escape from the bent portion of the pin engagement groove.. Two pivot pins are spaced apart inside the escape device body, and two pivot holes engageable with the pivot pins are formed in the upper end of the lever, and the pivot holes are connected to the pivot pins. 2. An emergency escape device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the lever is provided so as to be sequentially engaged with the lever and the turning radius of the lever can be gradually increased.. 3. An emergency escape system for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein an illumination cylinder is provided around said glass pressing plate.. The glass crushing device is provided with a crushing bit that can be rotated by fluid pressure or power, and the crushing bit is provided with a plurality of spiral blades, or the crushing bit is formed in a pyramidal shape so that the laminated glass can be perforated or crushed. 1. Emergency escape device for automobiles according to 1.

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