JP7312995B1 - stainless magnet - Google Patents
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- JP7312995B1 JP7312995B1 JP2023038191A JP2023038191A JP7312995B1 JP 7312995 B1 JP7312995 B1 JP 7312995B1 JP 2023038191 A JP2023038191 A JP 2023038191A JP 2023038191 A JP2023038191 A JP 2023038191A JP 7312995 B1 JP7312995 B1 JP 7312995B1
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002653 magnetic therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】医療機器や部材に使用される、ステンレス鋼の化学組成、部材の冷間加工度、加工温度や加工方法の適切化、さらに磁石機能を備える部品の形状工夫及び着磁方法の工夫に関する未知の課題を解明し、構造機能、耐腐食性及び磁石機能を兼ね併せ持つステンレス磁石並びにその創造方法を提供する。【解決手段】ステンレス磁石は、Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ系のオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼を冷間加工して５０％以上のマルテンサイト量を生じせしめ、冷間加工時の繊維組織の方向と着磁方向を一致させることにより、飽和磁化８０００から１６０００Ｇ、５０Ｏｅ～３００Ｏｅの保磁力、異方性磁界５０から２０００Ｏｅ、残留磁気５０００から８０００Ｇを持つ。ステンレス製造方法は、繊維組織の方向に張力を負荷して熱処理を行うことを含む。【選択図】なしThe present invention relates to the chemical composition of stainless steel used in medical equipment and members, the degree of cold working of members, the appropriateness of working temperature and processing method, and the improvement of the shape and magnetization method of parts having a magnet function. We will elucidate unknown issues and provide a stainless steel magnet that has structural functions, corrosion resistance and magnetic functions, and a method for creating the same. The stainless magnet is made by cold working Cr--Ni austenitic stainless steel to produce a martensite content of 50% or more, and the direction of the fiber structure and the magnetization direction during cold working are matched. As a result, it has a saturation magnetization of 8000 to 16000 G, a coercive force of 50 Oe to 300 Oe, an anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2000 Oe, and a residual magnetism of 5000 to 8000 G. The method of manufacturing stainless steel involves heat treatment with tension applied in the direction of the fiber structure. [Selection figure] None
Description
本発明は、構造体材料としてのステンレス鋼において、構造機能に加えて磁石機能を有するステンレス磁石に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to stainless steel as a structural material, and relates to a stainless magnet having a magnetic function in addition to a structural function.
ステンレス鋼は代表的な構造材料として広く使用されている。特に医療分野においては生体親和性の観点から体内で使用される医療機器や部材の最も基本的な素材となっている。
近年、磁気治療やロボット治療などの高度医療技術が進展し、医療機器や部材に磁石を内蔵させて磁気性能の活用が研究されている。しかし、磁石の内蔵は器材のサイズが大きくなるという問題や、磁石をシールドするための複雑なシールド構造が必要となる問題や、さらにそのシールド構造が破損して磁石が腐食する危険などの問題があり、その対策が求められている。
Stainless steel is widely used as a representative structural material. Especially in the medical field, from the viewpoint of biocompatibility, it is the most basic material for medical devices and members used inside the body.
In recent years, advanced medical technology such as magnetic therapy and robot therapy has progressed, and research is being conducted on the utilization of magnetic performance by incorporating magnets into medical equipment and components. However, there are problems such as the problem that the built-in magnet increases the size of the device, the problem that a complicated shield structure is required to shield the magnet, and the danger that the shield structure will be damaged and the magnet will be corroded.
生体内で使用されているステンレス鋼は、耐食性に優れたＣｒ－Ｎｉ組成のオーステナテトナイト系ステンレス鋼で非磁性である。しかし、オーステナテト組織は準安定で、冷間加工などを加えるとマルテンサイト変態を引き起こし、強磁性のマルテンサイト組織とオーステナテト組織の２相組織のステンレス鋼になること（非特許文献１）、および誘起されたマルテンサイト量は加工量と加工温度によって制御されること（非特許文献２）が知られている。 Stainless steel used in living bodies is non-magnetic, austenatetonite stainless steel with a Cr--Ni composition that is excellent in corrosion resistance. However, it is known that the austenatite structure is metastable, and when cold working or the like is applied, martensitic transformation is induced, resulting in stainless steel with a two-phase structure of a ferromagnetic martensite structure and austenatate structure (Non-Patent Document 1), and that the amount of induced martensite is controlled by the amount of working and the working temperature (Non-Patent Document 2).
冷間加工後の磁気特性についても、透磁率に及ぼすステンレス鋼の種類と冷間加工の影響について研究されている（非特許文献３）。しかし、この研究は、非磁性特性が強磁性特性に替わることを確認したものに過ぎない。冷間加工後のステンレス鋼を磁石とした文献としては、本発明者らによる特許文献１がある。この発明は、通常ステンレス鋼は冷間加工後熱処理を施して標準組織の状態で使用するが、加工後のマルテンサイト組織に着目して、それを着磁することによって磁石としたものである。通常の永久磁石に比べて保磁力は小さいので、パーミアンス係数Ｐを１から３０として保磁力の小ささを補った磁石である。 As for the magnetic properties after cold working, the influence of the type of stainless steel and cold working on magnetic permeability has also been studied (Non-Patent Document 3). However, this research only confirms that non-magnetic properties are replaced by ferromagnetic properties. Patent Document 1 by the present inventors is a document that uses cold-worked stainless steel as a magnet. Normally, stainless steel is subjected to heat treatment after cold working and used in the state of the standard structure, but this invention focuses on the martensite structure after working and magnetizes it to make a magnet. Since the coercive force is smaller than that of ordinary permanent magnets, the magnet has a permeance coefficient P of 1 to 30 to compensate for the small coercive force.
実用的なステンレス部品の形状としては、細長いワイヤ形状のものから薄い円板状のものまであり、長さｈと直径ｄの比、つまりＰ＝ｈ/ｄは０．０２から３０以上と形状は多様である。しかし特許文献１に開示されている磁石は、パーミアンス係数が１から３０と細長い形状に限定されており、適用部品が限られていた。また残留磁化が小さいことから優れた永久磁石とは必ずしも言えない。 Practical shapes of stainless steel parts range from elongated wire shapes to thin disk shapes, and the ratio of length h to diameter d, that is, P=h/d, ranges from 0.02 to 30 or more. However, the magnet disclosed in Patent Literature 1 has a permeance coefficient of 1 to 30 and is limited to an elongated shape, limiting applicable parts. In addition, it cannot necessarily be said to be an excellent permanent magnet because its residual magnetization is small.
この問題を解決するためには、異方性磁界を大きくして、容易軸方向に着磁した磁石エネルギーの保存力を強めて残留磁化を大きくする必要がある。異方性磁界を強める新技術の発見とその製造方法の開発が求められている。
In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the anisotropic magnetic field to increase the remanent magnetization by increasing the energy conservation force of the magnet magnetized in the easy axis direction. There is a demand for discovery of new technology for strengthening the anisotropic magnetic field and development of its manufacturing method.
特許文献１における発明の課題は、医療部材の構造部材として使用されているステンレス部材にその構造機能を損なうことなく磁石性能を付与する技術を開発することである。そのためには、ステンレス鋼の化学組成、部材の冷間加工度、加工温度や加工方法の適切化、さらに磁石性能を備える部品の形状工夫、および着磁方法の工夫に関する未知の課題を解明し、構造機能、耐腐食性および磁石機能を兼ね持つステンレス磁石を開発することであった。 An object of the invention in Patent Document 1 is to develop a technique for imparting magnetic performance to stainless steel members used as structural members of medical devices without impairing their structural functions. To that end, we have clarified the unknown issues related to the chemical composition of stainless steel, the degree of cold workability of parts, the appropriateness of processing temperature and processing method, the shape of parts with magnetic performance, and the magnetization method.
本発明の第１の課題は、特許文献１に記載されているステンレス磁石の異方性磁界を強くして、残留磁化を大きくすることである。本発明の第２の課題は、ステンレス磁石の部品形状と着磁方向を考慮して、その製造方法を考案し確立することである。 A first object of the present invention is to increase the residual magnetization by increasing the anisotropic magnetic field of the stainless magnet described in Patent Document 1. A second object of the present invention is to devise and establish a manufacturing method for the stainless steel magnet in consideration of the shape of the parts and the direction of magnetization.
本発明者らは、特許文献１の発明をなす研究過程において、まずステンレス鋼線（品番ＳＵＳ３０４、化学組成は１８．５％Ｃｒ－８．５％Ｎｉ、直径は２ｍｍφ）を冷間加工し、加工後のマルテンサイト量と磁石特性の関係を調査した。
マルテンサイト量は、冷間加工度（％）の平方根に比例して増加すること、および加工温度を下げるとマルテンサイト量が増加することを確認した（図１）。磁石特性は保磁力の大きさで評価できるので、保磁力に及ぼす冷間加工度、加工温度、マルテンサイト量の影響について調べた。その結果を図２に示す。保磁力はマルテンサイト量の増加とともに少し減少し、また加工温度が低いほど同じ量のマルテンサイト量であっても保磁力が減少する傾向を確認した。
In the research process for the invention of Patent Document 1, the present inventors first cold worked a stainless steel wire (product number SUS304, chemical composition: 18.5% Cr-8.5% Ni, diameter: 2 mmφ), and investigated the relationship between the amount of martensite after working and the magnetic properties.
It was confirmed that the amount of martensite increases in proportion to the square root of the degree of cold working (%), and that the amount of martensite increases when the working temperature is lowered (Fig. 1). Since the magnetic properties can be evaluated by the magnitude of the coercive force, the effect of the degree of cold working, the working temperature, and the amount of martensite on the coercive force was investigated. The results are shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the coercive force decreased slightly as the amount of martensite increased, and that the coercive force tended to decrease as the working temperature decreased, even with the same amount of martensite.
本発明者らは、異方性磁界と残留磁化を改善する方策に関する研究を鋭意行った結果、冷間加工方向に形成される繊維組織方向に張力を付与した張力熱処理を行い、その方向に着磁することによって異方性磁界と残留磁化が２倍以上と大幅に増加することを見出した。同時に繊維組織の方向は容易軸となり、容易に飽和磁化を得ることができ、しかも保磁力も改善することを見出した。 The inventors of the present invention conducted extensive research on measures to improve the anisotropic magnetic field and remanent magnetization. As a result, they found that the anisotropic magnetic field and remanent magnetization were significantly increased by a factor of two or more by applying tension heat treatment in the direction of the fiber structure formed in the direction of cold working and magnetizing in that direction. At the same time, it was found that the direction of the fiber structure becomes the easy axis, so that saturation magnetization can be easily obtained and the coercive force is also improved.
張力熱処理の条件は、温度は４５０℃～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２であった。張力は外部から負荷する張力が０であっても、冷間加工時に誘引される繊維組織方向の内部応力によってかなりの改善効果を得ることができることを確認した（図３～６）。すなわち、外部応力の張力が０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２であっても冷間加工による加工方向に沿った内部応力の存在があり、両者の合計応力が２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２から９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２であることを確認した。これらの結果から、内部応力を含めて張力が負荷された状態で、つまり０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２を超える張力が負荷された状態で熱処理を行うことによって異方性が改善されると考えられる。
なお、集合組織とは、強い加工などによって結晶粒の方位がそろってある特定方向をとる組織をいう。この場合組織は全体として、特定方向の結晶粒を束ねたようにもみなされるので、繊維組織ともいう。
The conditions for the tension heat treatment were a temperature of 450° C. to 570° C., a time of 5 minutes to 40 minutes, and a tension of 2 kg/mm 2 to 90 kg/mm 2 . It was confirmed that even if the tension applied from the outside is 0, a considerable improvement effect can be obtained by the internal stress in the direction of the fiber structure induced during cold working (Figs. 3 to 6). That is, even if the tension of the external stress is 0 kg/mm 2 , there is an internal stress along the working direction due to cold working, and it was confirmed that the total stress of both is from 2 kg/mm 2 to 90 kg/mm 2 . From these results, it is considered that the anisotropy is improved by performing heat treatment in a state in which tension including internal stress is applied, that is, in a state in which tension exceeding 0 kg/mm 2 is applied.
The term "texture" refers to a structure in which crystal grains are oriented in a specific direction due to strong working or the like. In this case, the structure as a whole can be regarded as a bundle of crystal grains oriented in a specific direction, so it is also called a fiber structure.
さらに、ステンレス鋼の保磁力は９５～９５０Ｏｅとフェライト磁石や希土類磁石の保磁力の４ｋＯｅ～４０ｋＯｅと比べてかなり小さいが、本発明者らは、残留磁化を大きくすることと磁石形状や磁気回路の工夫を組み合わせることで、この欠点をほぼ解消できることに思い至った。 Furthermore, the coercive force of stainless steel is 95 to 950 Oe, which is considerably smaller than the coercive force of 4 kOe to 40 kOe of ferrite magnets and rare earth magnets.
細長い部品は、主に長手方向に冷間で伸線加工して製造されるので、繊維組織は長手方向に形成される。そこで、冷間加工後、張力熱処理後、長手方向に着磁する。容易にパーミアンス係数Ｐ（Ｐ＝ｈ／ｄで定義する。）を１以上と大きくできるので、保磁力が小さくても減磁は回避できる。
残留磁化Ｂｒを大きくして、パーミアンス係数Ｐを９５以上とすると、図７の●印に示すようにステンレス磁石の動作点が高くなり、磁化５，０００Ｇ以上の磁化を確保できることを確認した。
Since the elongated parts are produced mainly by cold drawing in the longitudinal direction, the fiber structure is formed in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, it is magnetized in the longitudinal direction after cold working and tension heat treatment. Since the permeance coefficient P (defined by P=h/d) can be easily increased to 1 or more, demagnetization can be avoided even if the coercive force is small.
It was confirmed that when the residual magnetization Br is increased and the permeance coefficient P is set to 95 or more, the operating point of the stainless steel magnet becomes higher as indicated by ● in FIG.
円板状部品については、通常、長手方向に冷間で伸線加工して製造されたワイヤから切断して切り出す方法と、長手方向に冷間で圧延加工して製造されたフープを打ち抜いて製造する方法とが行われている。 Disc-shaped parts are usually produced by cutting a wire produced by cold drawing in the longitudinal direction and by punching a hoop produced by cold rolling in the longitudinal direction.
着磁方向については、径方向に着磁する場合には、フープから打ち抜いて使用すると、繊維組織方向と着磁方向が一致する。また、パーミアンス係数Ｐも９５以上取れるので減磁を回避できる。
厚み方向に着磁する場合には、ワイヤを切り出して使用すると、繊維組織方向と着磁方向が一致する。しかし、この場合にはパーミアンス係数Ｐが０．０２～１となる場合が想定されるので、ステンレス磁石単独で使用するのは好ましくない。この場合には、Ｎｄ磁石（Ｎｄ－Ｆｅ－Ｂ系磁石をいう。）など保磁力の高い磁石との複合磁石として使用して、外部磁界で反磁界を打ち消して、その欠点を解消することが好ましい。
As for the direction of magnetization, in the case of magnetization in the radial direction, the direction of fiber structure and the direction of magnetization coincide when punched out from a hoop and used. Also, since the permeance coefficient P can be 95 or more, demagnetization can be avoided.
When magnetizing in the thickness direction, if a wire is cut and used, the direction of fiber structure and the direction of magnetization will coincide. However, in this case, the permeance coefficient P may be 0.02 to 1, so it is not preferable to use the stainless magnet alone. In this case, it is preferable to use the magnet as a composite magnet with a magnet having a high coercive force such as an Nd magnet (an Nd--Fe--B system magnet) to cancel the demagnetizing field with an external magnetic field to eliminate the drawback.
着磁方法については、２ｋＯｅ以上の着磁磁力で飽和させることができるので、非常に容易である。ヨーク付きの電磁石または永久磁石で簡単に着磁することができる。 As for the magnetization method, saturation can be achieved with a magnetizing magnetic force of 2 kOe or more, so it is very easy. It can be easily magnetized with an electromagnet with a yoke or a permanent magnet.
以上の知見をもとに、本発明者らは以下の発明をなした。
第１発明は、Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を含むＣｒ－Ｎｉ系オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼を固溶化熱処理し、
２０～８０％の加工率の伸線冷間加工または圧延冷間加工によって、加工方向に繊維組織を形成し、５０～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とからなる組織を形成し、
繊維組織の方向に張力を負荷する張力熱処理は、温度は４５０℃～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は内部応力を含めて０ｋｇ／ｍｍ
２
超～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ
２
の張力熱処理を施し、
次いで、繊維組織の方向に着磁して、飽和磁化して永久磁石を製造することを特徴とするステンレス磁石の製造方法である。
Based on the above findings, the present inventors made the following inventions.
A first invention is a solution heat treatment of a Cr—Ni austenitic stainless steel containing 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni,
A fibrous structure is formed in the working direction by wire drawing cold working or rolling cold working at a working rate of 20 to 80%, and a structure composed of 50 to 95% deformed martensitic structure and 50 to 5% austenitic structure is formed,
The tension heat treatment that applies tension in the direction of the fiber structure is carried out at a temperature of 450 ° C. to 570 ° C. for 5 minutes to 40 minutes and a tension heat treatment of more than 0 kg /
Next, a method for producing a stainless steel magnet is characterized by magnetizing in the direction of the fiber structure and then saturation magnetizing to produce a permanent magnet.
第２発明は、上記のステンレス磁石の製造方法により製造されたステンレス磁石の特徴である。A second aspect of the invention is a feature of the stainless magnet manufactured by the above method for manufacturing a stainless steel magnet.
Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を含むＣｒ－Ｎｉ系オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼において、５０～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とかなり、かつ、伸線冷間加工方向または圧延冷間加工方向の繊維組織を有し、繊維組織の方向に異方性磁界５０～２，０００Ｏｅを有して、繊維組織の方向に飽和磁化していることを特徴とするステンレス磁石である。A stainless steel magnet characterized by having a Cr—Ni austenitic stainless steel containing 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni, having a deformed martensitic structure of 50 to 95% and an austenitic structure of 50 to 5%, having a fibrous structure in the direction of cold wire drawing or cold rolling, having an anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2,000 Oe in the direction of the fibrous structure, and being saturated magnetized in the direction of the fibrous structure.
また、Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を含むＣｒ－Ｎｉ系オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼において、５０％～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とからなり、かつ、伸線冷間加工方向または圧延冷間加工方向の繊維組織を有し、繊維組織の方向に飽和磁化しており、磁石性能は、室温において、８，０００～１６，０００Ｇの飽和磁化と、５０～３００Ｏｅの保磁力と、異方性磁界５０～２，０００Ｏｅ、残留磁気Ｂｒ５，０００～８，０００Ｇ、０．２～４ＭＧＯｅの最大エネルギー積を有することを特徴とするステンレス磁石である。Cr—Ni austenitic stainless steel containing 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni consists of a deformed martensite structure of 50% to 95% and an austenitic structure of 50% to 5%. A stainless steel magnet characterized by having a coercive force of 300 Oe, an anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2,000 Oe, residual magnetism Br of 5,000 to 8,000 G, and a maximum energy product of 0.2 to 4 MGOe.
また、そのステンレス磁石は室温において、８，０００～１６，０００Ｇの飽和磁化と、５０～９５０Ｏｅの保磁力と、異方性磁界５０～２，０００Ｏｅ、残留磁化５，０００～８，０００Ｇ、０．２～４ＭＧＯｅの最大エネルギー積を有する磁石性能を有することを特徴とするステンレス磁石である。In addition, the stainless magnet is a stainless steel magnet characterized by having magnetic performance at room temperature having a saturation magnetization of 8,000 to 16,000 G, a coercive force of 50 to 950 Oe, an anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2,000 Oe, a residual magnetization of 5,000 to 8,000 G, and a maximum energy product of 0.2 to 4 MGOe.
医療機器において、広く使用されているステンレス部品に磁石機能を付与することで、部材に磁石を内蔵した場合に比べて、部品を小型化すること、構造を簡単にすること、および磁石による腐食トラブルの回避など大きなメリットが期待される。また、将来のロボット治療などの磁気応用を容易にすることができる。
さらにＮｄ磁石と組み合わせて複合磁石として利用することで、Ｎｄ磁石の錆び易いという欠点をステンレス磁石で補い、ステンレス磁石の保磁力が小さいという欠点をＮｄ磁石で補うことによって、磁力を活用した医療機器の性能改善や磁界を使った磁気治療の進展に役立つ道が拓けることが期待される。
By adding a magnet function to stainless steel parts, which are widely used in medical equipment, it is expected to have great advantages such as miniaturization of parts, simplification of structure, and avoidance of corrosion problems caused by magnets, compared to the case where magnets are built into the parts. It can also facilitate future magnetic applications such as robotic therapy.
Furthermore, by combining with Nd magnets and using them as composite magnets, the shortcomings of Nd magnets, which are prone to rusting, can be compensated for by stainless magnets, and the shortcomings of stainless magnets, which are low in coercive force, can be compensated for by Nd magnets. This is expected to open up a path that will help improve the performance of medical devices utilizing magnetic force and the development of magnetic therapy using magnetic fields.
発明の実施形態を挙げて本発明をより詳しく説明する。
ステンレス鋼部品の形状および大きさは、シャフト、平面板プレート、直方体あるは筒状ケースパイプ、コイル、ボルト、ナットなど多種多様である。本発明は、まず、ステンレス部品の構造機能および耐腐食機能を前提とする。よって、ステンレス磁石の性能、形状、着磁向きをそれに応じて工夫することが前提である。
したがって、必要なマルテンサイト量を確保するための方法は化学組成、加工量および加工温度を適切に組み合わせることで実現できる。着磁方向は加工によって生成される繊維組織の方向にあわせて行う。部材形状を考慮して、パーミアンス係数が１００以上になるように行うことが好ましいが、１００以上確保できない場合は、Ｎｄ磁石など保磁力の大きな磁石との複合磁石として使用して、ステンレス磁石の持つ反磁界を制御することが好ましい。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments of the invention.
Stainless steel parts come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, such as shafts, flat plates, cuboid or cylindrical case pipes, coils, bolts and nuts. The invention first presupposes the structural and anti-corrosion functions of stainless steel parts. Therefore, it is premised that the performance, shape, and magnetization direction of the stainless steel magnet should be devised accordingly.
Therefore, a method for securing the necessary amount of martensite can be realized by appropriately combining chemical composition, processing amount and processing temperature. The direction of magnetization is aligned with the direction of the fiber structure generated by processing. Considering the shape of the member, it is preferable to set the permeance coefficient to 100 or more, but if 100 or more cannot be secured, use it as a composite magnet with a magnet with a large coercive force such as an Nd magnet, It is preferable to control the demagnetizing field of the stainless steel magnet.
第１の実施形態は、ステンレス鋼の化学組成は、Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を主成分として、他にＣ、Ｎ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕなどの合金元素を含むものである。冷間加工前はオーステナイト組織となるように合金元素量はバランスされている。冷間加工後に５０％以上の適切なマルテンサイト量が生じるように、オーステナイト組織の安定度の物差しであるＭｄ点を、－５０℃～９５℃となるように調整する。Ｍｄ点とは、３０％の冷間加工を施した時に５０％のマルテンサイト量が生じせしめる温度で、式（１）で示される。
Ｍｄ３０（℃）＝４１３－４６２（％Ｃ＋％Ｎ）－９．２（％Ｓｉ）－８．１（％Ｍｎ）－１３．７（％Ｃｒ）－９．５（％Ｎｉ）－６（％Ｃｕ）－１８．５（％Ｍｏ） ・・・（１）
In the first embodiment, the chemical composition of stainless steel is mainly composed of 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni, and also contains alloying elements such as C, N, Si, Mn, Mo, and Cu. The amount of alloying elements is balanced so as to form an austenitic structure before cold working. The Md point, which is a measure of the stability of the austenite structure, is adjusted to −50° C. to 95° C. so that an appropriate amount of martensite of 50% or more is produced after cold working. The Md point is the temperature at which 50% of the martensite content is generated when 30% cold working is applied, and is represented by the formula (1).
Md30 (°C) = 413 - 462 (%C + %N) - 9.2 (%Si) - 8.1 (%Mn) - 13.7 (%Cr) - 9.5 (%Ni) - 6 (%Cu) - 18.5 (%Mo) (1)
本発明は、マルテンサイト量を５０～９５％、好ましくは冷間加工によって割れを生じない範囲において、９５～９５０Ｏｅの保磁力を得るものである。Ｍｄ点が低いほどオーステナイト組織は安定する。Ｍｄ点が低いと、加工温度と冷間加工度を工夫しても十分なマルテンサイト量を確保することが困難となる。他方、Ｍｄ点が高すぎるとオーステナイト組織が不安定になりすぎて、冷間加工後の靭性・延性が小さくなり、構造機能に問題が生じて好ましくない。マルテンサイト量を５０～８５％に制御することが好ましい。 The present invention obtains a coercive force of 95 to 950 Oe with a martensite content of 50 to 95%, preferably in a range in which cracks do not occur due to cold working. The lower the Md point, the more stable the austenitic structure. If the Md point is low, it becomes difficult to secure a sufficient amount of martensite even if the working temperature and the degree of cold working are devised. On the other hand, if the Md point is too high, the austenite structure becomes too unstable, resulting in reduced toughness and ductility after cold working, which is undesirable because it causes problems in structural functions. It is preferable to control the amount of martensite to 50 to 85%.
マルテンサイト量を５０～９５％確保するためには、上記組成を持つステンレス鋼を常温にて３０％～８０％の冷間加工を行なう。
また、低温で加工するとマルテンサイト変態は容易に生じるので、必要に応じて、－４０℃などの低温で加工することができる。保磁力は５０～４００Ｏｅが得られるが、マルテンサイト量が増えるほど減少する。
なお、冷間加工には、伸線加工、圧延加工、鍛造加工などがあり、製品・部品の形状やサイズ、加工率などによって決まる。本発明では、好ましい冷間加工方法として伸線冷間加工および圧延冷間加工と例示しているが、これらの方法に限定されるものではない。
In order to ensure a martensite content of 50 to 95%, the stainless steel having the above composition is cold worked at room temperature to 30% to 80%.
In addition, since martensitic transformation occurs easily when working at a low temperature, it can be worked at a low temperature such as −40° C., if necessary. A coercive force of 50 to 400 Oe can be obtained, but it decreases as the amount of martensite increases.
Cold working includes wire drawing, rolling, forging, etc., and is determined by the shape and size of the product/parts, processing rate, and the like. In the present invention, wire drawing cold working and rolling cold working are exemplified as preferred cold working methods, but the present invention is not limited to these methods.
異方性磁界は、繊維組織の方向に容易軸となり、その垂直方向が困難軸になる。異方性磁界は困難軸を飽和磁化する磁界の強さで、通常使用されている簡便法は、困難軸方向に着磁した場合の磁化曲線で、磁化勾配の線を延長して、飽和磁化との交点の磁界強さを異方性磁界としている。 The anisotropic magnetic field has an easy axis in the direction of the fiber structure and a hard axis in the perpendicular direction. The anisotropic magnetic field is the strength of the magnetic field that saturates the hard axis. A commonly used simple method is to use the magnetization curve for magnetization in the hard axis direction, extend the magnetization gradient line, and take the magnetic field strength at the intersection with the saturation magnetization as the anisotropic magnetic field.
異方性磁界は、繊維組織の方向に張力を負荷した張力熱処理を施すことによって改善する。熱処理温度は４５０℃～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２超～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２とすることが好ましい。
熱処理温度は、４５０℃未満の場合には異方性磁界の改善効果は認めらない。５００℃～５５
０℃付近が大きく改善され、５７０℃を超えると改善効果は認められない。
熱処理の時間は、５分未満では改善効果は認められず、４０分を超えて長くなると再結晶化による繊維組織の減少のため異方性磁界が低下し始める。また、Ｃｕなどの析出元素を含有する析出硬化型オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の場合は、再結晶化に加えて析出硬化を生じて繊維組織の減少による異方性磁界が低下する。
The anisotropic magnetic field is improved by applying tension heat treatment in which tension is applied in the direction of the fiber structure. It is preferable that the heat treatment temperature is 450° C. to 570° C., the time is 5 minutes to 40 minutes, and the tension is more than 2 kg/mm 2 to 90 kg/mm 2 .
If the heat treatment temperature is less than 450° C., no effect of improving the anisotropic magnetic field is recognized. 500°C to 55°C
There is a large improvement near 0°C, and no improvement effect is observed when the temperature exceeds 570°C.
If the heat treatment time is less than 5 minutes, no improvement effect is observed, and if the heat treatment time is longer than 40 minutes, the anisotropic magnetic field begins to decrease due to the reduction of the fibrous structure due to recrystallization. In addition, in the case of precipitation hardening austenitic stainless steel containing a precipitation element such as Cu, precipitation hardening occurs in addition to recrystallization, and the anisotropic magnetic field is lowered due to a decrease in the fiber structure.
張力については、張力熱処理の対象物はすでに繊維組織を生ぜしめる強度の冷間加工をされているために大きな内部応力が負荷されている。したがって、外部張力０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２の場合であっても、内部応力を加味して２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２超とすることが望ましい。理論的にはと張力熱処理は少しの張力であっても、それが負荷されていれば有効である。
ここで、繊維組織の方向は、伸線冷間加工の場合には伸線冷間加工方向であり、圧延冷間加工の
場合には圧延冷間加工方向の方向である。
With respect to tension, the object of tension heat treatment is already subjected to a strong cold working that produces a fibrous structure, so that it is subjected to large internal stresses. Therefore, even if the external tension is 0 kg/mm 2 , it is desirable that the internal stress is more than 2 kg/mm 2 . Theoretically, even a small amount of tension heat treatment is effective as long as it is applied.
Here, the direction of the fiber structure is the direction of cold wire drawing in the case of cold wire drawing, and the direction of cold rolling in the case of cold rolling.
繊維組織に沿って着磁した時、残留磁気は５，０００～８，０００Ｇを有するステンレス磁石を得ることができる。しかし、用途、部品形状によって事情が異なるので、部品加工の際の形状設計、加工方法を工夫してパーミアンス係数を１００以上確保することが好ましいが、確保できない場合は減磁を回避するためには、Ｎｄ磁石などと複合磁石を形成して使用することが好ましい。
着磁の仕方は、保磁力が３００Ｏｅ以下と小さいので比較的容易である。鉄ヨーク付きの電磁石で簡単に着磁することができる。
A stainless steel magnet having a remanent magnetism of 5,000 to 8,000G can be obtained when magnetized along the fiber structure. However, since circumstances differ depending on the application and part shape, it is preferable to secure a permeance coefficient of 100 or more by devising the shape design and processing method during part processing, but if it cannot be secured, it is preferable to form a composite magnet with a Nd magnet or the like in order to avoid demagnetization.
The method of magnetization is relatively easy because the coercive force is as small as 300 Oe or less. It can be easily magnetized with an electromagnet with an iron yoke.
磁石特性としては、飽和磁化は８，０００Ｇ～１６，０００Ｇで、保磁力は５０～３００Ｏｅで、異方性磁界５０～２０００、残留磁気Ｂｒ７０００～８０００Ｇ、０．２～４ＭＧＯｅの最大エネルギー積を有する。 Magnetic properties include saturation magnetization of 8,000 G to 16,000 G, coercive force of 50 to 300 Oe, anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2000, residual magnetism Br of 7000 to 8000 G, and maximum energy product of 0.2 to 4 MGOe.
磁石形状は、パーミアンス係数を１以上とすることが好ましい。丸棒形状の磁石の場合、直径０．２～４ｍｍで長さは２～４０ｍｍとして、パーミアンス係数は１０を確保した。さらに長さを長くして、パーミアンス係数は１００程度にする方が好ましい。 The shape of the magnet preferably has a permeance coefficient of 1 or more. In the case of a round-bar-shaped magnet, a permeance coefficient of 10 was ensured with a diameter of 0.2 to 4 mm and a length of 2 to 40 mm. It is preferable to further increase the length and set the permeance coefficient to about 100.
磁石形状が円板の場合、径方向に着磁する場合、長さ方向に圧延してその方向に繊維組織を有するフープから、円板を打ち抜きして、径方向の繊維組織を作り、その方向に着磁する。パーミアンス係数を１０以上確保することが難しいので、この場合、Ｎｄ磁石などと複合磁石を形成して、反磁界を制御して使用することが好ましい。 When the shape of the magnet is a disk, when the magnet is magnetized in the radial direction, the disk is punched out from a hoop having a fiber texture in the longitudinal direction to create a fiber texture in the radial direction, and the magnet is magnetized in that direction. Since it is difficult to ensure a permeance coefficient of 10 or more, in this case, it is preferable to form a composite magnet with an Nd magnet or the like and use it while controlling the demagnetizing field.
厚み方向で着磁する場合、伸線加工したワイヤから円板を切り出して、厚み方向の繊維組織に沿って着磁する。
いずれにしても、実際のステンレス部品は多様な形状を取るので、その形状と加工方向と着磁方向を考慮して、かつ反磁界による減磁対策を考慮して使用することが推奨される。
When magnetizing in the thickness direction, a disc is cut out from the drawn wire and magnetized along the fiber structure in the thickness direction.
In any case, since actual stainless steel parts have various shapes, it is recommended to consider the shape, processing direction, magnetization direction, and demagnetization countermeasures due to the demagnetizing field.
第２の実施形態は、第１の実施形態と同じステンレス鋼を素材として、３０～９０％の冷間加工をして、繊維組織と５０％以上のマルテンサイト組織を形成し、つぎに温度は４５０～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２超～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２を負荷した張力熱処理を施して、異方性を改善し、繊維組織に沿って着磁をしてステンレス磁石を製作する製造方法に関するものである。 The second embodiment relates to a manufacturing method of manufacturing a stainless steel magnet by using the same stainless steel as in the first embodiment, cold working 30 to 90% to form a fibrous structure and a martensitic structure of 50% or more, and then performing tension heat treatment at a temperature of 450 to 570° C. for a time of 5 to 40 minutes with a tension of more than 2 kg/mm 2 to 90 kg/mm 2 to improve anisotropy and magnetize along the fibrous structure. .
マルテンサイト量を８０％以上確保するためには、上記化学組成のステンレス鋼の冷間加工度を３０～９０％、また加工温度は常温での加工を基本として、必要に応じて、－４０℃などの低温で加工することにする。 In order to secure the martensite amount of 80% or more, the cold working rate of the stainless steel with the above chemical composition is 30 to 90%, and the working temperature is basically at room temperature, and if necessary, it is to be worked at a low temperature such as -40 ° C..
冷間加工後、温度は４５０～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は２ｋｇ／ｍｍ２超～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２の張力熱処理を行い、異方性磁界Ｈｋを２００～９５０Ｏｅと大きくする。 After cold working, tension heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 450 to 570° C. for a time of 5 to 40 minutes and a tension of more than 2 kg/mm 2 to 90 kg/mm 2 to increase the anisotropic magnetic field Hk to 200 to 950 Oe.
繊維組織に沿って飽和着磁して永久磁石とする。磁石特性としては、保磁力は２００～９５０Ｏｅで、飽和磁化は８，０００～１６，０００Ｇ、異方性磁界は２００～９５０Ｏｅ、残留磁気は７０００から８０００Ｇが得られる。 A permanent magnet is obtained by saturation magnetization along the fiber structure. As for magnetic properties, a coercive force of 200 to 950 Oe, a saturation magnetization of 8,000 to 16,000 G, an anisotropic magnetic field of 200 to 950 Oe, and a residual magnetism of 7,000 to 8,000 G can be obtained.
製品形状としては、繊維組織が長手方向の細長い丸棒、繊維組織は径方向の円板形状、および繊維組織が厚み方向の円板形状の三種類の例を述べたが、平面板、コイル、パイプ、直方体ケース、ボルト、ナットなど各種形状のステンレス磁石が可能である。 As for the product shape, three types of examples have been described: an elongated round bar with a fiber structure in the longitudinal direction, a disk shape with a fiber structure in the radial direction, and a disk shape with a fiber structure in the thickness direction.
［実施例１］
本発明の実施例１は、化学組成としてＣｒ量は１８．０％、Ｎｉ量は８．０％で、ほかにＣ量は０．０１％、Ｎ量は０．０１％、Ｓｉ量は０．３０％、Ｍｎ量は０．５０％、Ｍｏ量は０．０２％、Ｃｕ量は０．０２％であった。Ｍｄ点は、式（１）で計算すると７０℃である。常温で加工すると８０％マルテンサイト量を得ることができる組成である。
[Example 1]
In Example 1 of the present invention, the chemical composition was 18.0% Cr, 8.0% Ni, 0.01% C, 0.01% N, 0.30% Si, 0.50% Mn, 0.02% Mo, and 0.02% Cu. The Md point is 70° C. as calculated by formula (1). It is a composition that can obtain 80% martensite content when processed at room temperature.
試験片は、直径２ｍｍの丸棒を直径１ｍｍに伸線加工した後、長さを１０ｍｍとした。室温２５℃の伸線加工による冷間加工度は７５％の結果、マルテンサイト量は８５％を得た。 The test piece was a round bar with a diameter of 2 mm, drawn to a diameter of 1 mm, and then made to have a length of 10 mm. As a result, the degree of cold work by wire drawing at room temperature of 25° C. was 75%, and the amount of martensite was 85%.
着磁は、電磁磁石に試験片を挿入して、３，０００Ｏｅの磁界を棒状の軸方向に印可して行った。 Magnetization was performed by inserting the test piece into an electromagnetic magnet and applying a magnetic field of 3,000 Oe in the axial direction of the bar.
磁石特性としては、パーミアンス係数は１０として、保磁力は１５０Ｏｅ、飽和磁化は１，３０００Ｇ、異方性磁界６００Ｏｅ、残留磁気８，０００Ｇ、最大磁気エネルギー積は１ＭＧＯｅのステンレス磁石を得ることができた。 As magnet properties, a stainless magnet having a permeance coefficient of 10, a coercive force of 150 Oe, a saturation magnetization of 1,3000 G, an anisotropic magnetic field of 600 Oe, a residual magnetism of 8,000 G, and a maximum magnetic energy product of 1 MGOe was obtained.
［実施例２］
本発明の実施例２は、実施例1と同じ素材を用いた。
[Example 2]
In Example 2 of the present invention, the same material as in Example 1 was used.
上記化学組成のステンレス鋼の直径２ｍｍを直径１．２ｍｍへと室温２５℃の６０％の伸線加工し、長さ１２ｍｍの丸棒を切り出した。伸線加工による冷間加工度は６４％とし、その加工温度は常温での加工とした。マルテンサイト量８０％以上と保磁力１５０Ｏｅを得ることができた。 A diameter of 2 mm of stainless steel having the above chemical composition was drawn to a diameter of 1.2 mm at room temperature of 25° C. at 60%, and a round bar of 12 mm in length was cut out. The degree of cold working by wire drawing was set to 64%, and the working temperature was normal temperature. A martensite content of 80% or more and a coercive force of 150 Oe could be obtained.
その後、張力２０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２を負荷し、温度５５０℃、時間２０分、張力熱処理を行って、異方性磁界を５０から６２０Ｏｅへと改善した。 After that, tension heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 550° C. for 20 minutes under a tension of 20 kg/mm 2 to improve the anisotropic magnetic field from 50 to 620 Oe.
次に、長手方向に着磁してパーミアンス係数は１０の永久磁石を得た。着磁は、電磁磁石に試験片を挿入して、３，０００Ｏｅの磁界を棒状の軸方向に印可して行った。 Next, a permanent magnet with a permeance coefficient of 10 was obtained by magnetizing in the longitudinal direction. Magnetization was performed by inserting the test piece into an electromagnetic magnet and applying a magnetic field of 3,000 Oe in the axial direction of the bar.
磁石特性としては、保磁力は２００Ｏｅ、飽和磁化は１２，０００Ｇ、異方性磁界９５０Ｏｅ、残留磁化８，０００Ｇのステンレス磁石を得ることができた。 As for magnetic properties, a stainless magnet having a coercive force of 200 Oe, a saturation magnetization of 12,000 G, an anisotropic magnetic field of 950 Oe, and a residual magnetization of 8,000 G was obtained.
本発明のステンレス磁石は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の機械機能、耐腐食性などの本来的特性を損なうことなく、磁石機能を新たに有するものである。医療分野をはじめとして広く利用が期待されるものである。
The stainless magnet of the present invention newly has a magnet function without impairing the inherent properties of austenitic stainless steel such as mechanical function and corrosion resistance. It is expected to be used widely, including in the medical field.
Claims (3)
２０～８０％の加工率の伸線冷間加工または圧延冷間加工によって、加工方向に繊維組織を形成し、５０～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とからなる組織を形成し、A fibrous structure is formed in the working direction by wire drawing cold working or rolling cold working at a working rate of 20 to 80%, and a structure composed of 50 to 95% deformed martensitic structure and 50 to 5% austenitic structure is formed,
繊維組織の方向に張力を負荷する張力熱処理は、温度は４５０℃～５７０℃、時間は５分～４０分、張力は内部応力を含めて０ｋｇ／ｍｍTension heat treatment in which tension is applied in the direction of the fiber structure, the temperature is 450 ° C. to 570 ° C., the time is 5 minutes to 40 minutes, and the tension is 0 kg / mm including internal stress. ２2 超～９０ｋｇ／ｍｍUltra-90kg/mm ２2 の張力熱処理を施し、of tension heat treatment,
次いで、繊維組織の方向に着磁して、飽和磁化して永久磁石を製造することを特徴とするステンレス磁石の製造方法。 Next, a method for producing a stainless steel magnet, comprising magnetizing in the direction of the fiber structure and then saturation magnetizing to produce a permanent magnet.
Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を含むＣｒ－Ｎｉ系オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼において、
５０％～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とからなり、
かつ、伸線冷間加工方向または圧延冷間加工方向の繊維組織を有し、繊維組織の方向に異方性磁界５０～２，０００Ｏｅを有して、繊維組織の方向に飽和磁化していることを有することを特徴とするステンレス磁石。 A stainless magnet manufactured by the method for manufacturing a stainless steel magnet according to claim 1,
A Cr—Ni austenitic stainless steel containing 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni,
Consisting of 50% to 95% deformed martensite structure and 50% to 5% austenite structure,
A stainless steel magnet characterized by having a fibrous structure in the drawing cold working direction or the rolling cold working direction, having an anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2,000 Oe in the direction of the fibrous structure, and being saturated magnetized in the direction of the fibrous structure..
Ｃｒ量は１６～２０％、Ｎｉ量は７～１０％を含むＣｒ－Ｎｉ系オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼において、 A Cr—Ni austenitic stainless steel containing 16 to 20% Cr and 7 to 10% Ni,
５０％～９５％の加工マルテンサイト組織と５０～５％のオーステナイト組織とからなり、 Consisting of 50% to 95% deformed martensitic structure and 50 to 5% austenitic structure,
かつ、伸線冷間加工方向または圧延冷間加工方向の繊維組織を有し、繊維組織の方向に飽和磁化しており、 and has a fiber structure in the drawing cold working direction or the rolling cold working direction, and is saturated magnetized in the direction of the fiber structure,
磁石性能は、室温において、８，０００～１６，０００Ｇの飽和磁化と、５０～３００Ｏｅの保磁力と、異方性磁界５０～２，０００Ｏｅ、残留磁気Ｂｒ５，０００～８，０００Ｇ、０．２～４ＭＧＯｅの最大エネルギー積を有することを特徴とするステンレス磁石。A stainless steel magnet characterized by having magnetic performance at room temperature of saturation magnetization of 8,000 to 16,000 G, coercive force of 50 to 300 Oe, anisotropic magnetic field of 50 to 2,000 Oe, residual magnetism Br of 5,000 to 8,000 G, and maximum energy product of 0.2 to 4 MGOe.
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