JP7304306B2 - Seismic wall - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a seismic wall provided in a structure plane of a column-beam frame.

Conventionally, earthquake-resistant walls made of wood-based materials have been provided in structural planes of beam-column structures (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Patent Literature 1 discloses an earthquake-resistant structure in which a wooden wall is installed in a frame made of reinforced concrete. The wooden wall is joined to the frame by engaging the wall-side concave portion and the wall-side convex portion with the frame-side convex portion and the frame-side concave portion.
Patent Document 2 shows a wall panel comprising a panel frame, a panel body attached to the panel frame, and a wall panel attached to the panel frame with a gap between the panel body and the panel body. It is The panel body is a combination of a large number of panel plates made of thinned wood, each of which is tilted with respect to the height direction.

JP 2016-216899 A JP 2010-106644 A

An object of the present invention is to provide a quake-resistant wall that uses wood-based materials and has excellent quake-resistant performance.

The present inventors arranged and installed a plurality of wooden boards (laminated lumber or sawn lumber) extending diagonally in the structural plane of the beam-column structure as a seismic wall provided in the structural plane of the beam-column structure, and installed these wooden boards. By stacking multiple layers and installing the wooden boards in each layer so that they extend in mutually intersecting directions, the wooden boards can sufficiently resist the horizontal force during an earthquake and exhibit excellent earthquake resistance performance. As a result, the inventors arrived at the present invention.
The earthquake-resistant walls of the first invention (for example, earthquake-resistant walls 1, 1A, 1B, and 1C described later) are earthquake-resistant walls provided within the structural plane of the beam-column frame (for example, the beam-column frame 10 described later), A wooden wall portion (for example, a wooden wall portion 20 to be described later) formed by arranging a plurality of wooden plates (for example, wooden plates 21A and 21B and laminae 21C and 21D to be described later) whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction. a closing portion (for example, a closing portion 30 described later) formed by closing a gap between the periphery of the wooden wall portion and the beam-beam frame with a filler having a strength higher than that of the wooden board; The angle of the wooden board is characterized in that it ranges from the angle of the diagonal line of the beam-column frame to approximately 45° with respect to the horizontal.

A wood material is a plate material whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction, and includes sawn boards cut from wood in the fiber direction, and laminated lumber obtained by stacking and bonding these sawn boards so that the fiber direction is parallel.
Wood is an anisotropic material, and the Young's moduli in the fiber direction, radial direction, and tangential direction of softwood (eg, cedar) are approximately 100:10:5. Therefore, it is rational to use it so that the normal stress acts in the fiber direction. In addition, the shear elastic modulus in the cross grain plane is about 1/15 of the Young's modulus in the fiber direction, and the shear strength in the cross grain plane is about 1/10 of the compressive strength in the fiber direction. It is not mechanically rational to use it so that the shear force acts in the in-plane direction.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the length direction of the wooden board is set as the fiber direction, and the angle of the wooden board is set within a range from the angle of the diagonal line of the column-beam frame to 45° with respect to the horizontal. When a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame due to an earthquake or the like, a tensile force or a compressive force acts diagonally within the structural plane of the column-beam frame. As described above, since the wooden board has a high Young's modulus and strength in the fiber direction, the wooden board can sufficiently resist this tensile or compressive force and exhibit excellent earthquake resistance performance.

In the earthquake-resistant wall of the second invention, the wooden boards are arranged in a plurality of layers, and the wooden boards in each layer extend in directions that intersect with each other. They are fixed to each other at predetermined intervals using at least one of screws and dowels.

According to this invention, a plurality of layers of wood boards are stacked and arranged so that the wood boards of each layer extend in directions intersecting each other. Therefore, when a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame and the wooden boards of a predetermined layer bear the compressive force, the wooden boards of the remaining layers bear the tensile force. Alternatively, if a given layer of wooden boards bears the tensile force, the rest of the wooden boards bears the compressive force. Therefore, even if an external load is applied to the column-beam frame in either direction in the horizontal direction, the wooden board will sufficiently resist it.
Also, wooden boards extending in directions intersecting each other in each layer were fixed to each other at predetermined intervals using at least one of an adhesive, bolts, screws, and dowels. As described above, when a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame and the wooden boards in a given layer bear the compressive force, the wooden boards in the remaining layers bear the tensile force. The wooden board that bears the tensile force stiffens the out-of-plane buckling of the wooden board that bears the compressive force, thereby preventing the out-of-plane buckling of the wooden board that bears the compressive force. Also, at this time, the buckling length of the wooden board bearing the compressive force is the interval fixed to the wooden board bearing the tensile force.

A quake-resistant wall according to a third aspect of the invention is characterized by further comprising a reinforced concrete wall provided along a side surface of the wooden wall.
According to this invention, since the reinforced concrete wall portion is provided along the side surface of the wooden wall portion, the strength of the wooden wall portion is added to the strength of the reinforced concrete wall portion. available as a structure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a quake-resistant wall with excellent quake-resistant performance using wood-based materials.

1A and 1B are a front view and a cross-sectional view of a seismic wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a front view of the earthquake-resistant wall which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a seismic wall according to a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a seismic wall according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of cutting of CLTs that constitute a seismic wall. It is a front view of the earthquake-resistant wall which concerns on the modification of this invention.

The present invention is a quake-resisting wall formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards extending in oblique directions including diagonal directions within a structure plane of a column-beam frame. In the first embodiment, a wooden wall portion is formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards made of sawn boards or laminated lumber in parallel. In the second embodiment, the outer peripheral portion of the wooden wall portion is recessed into the closed portion in an uneven manner. 3rd Embodiment provides a reinforced concrete wall part in the side surface of a wooden wall part. In the fourth embodiment, the wooden wall is made of CLT.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
[First embodiment]
FIG. 1(a) is a front view of a seismic wall 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1(a).
The quake-resistant wall 1 is provided within the construction plane of the column-beam frame 10 in the shape of a rectangular frame. The earthquake-resistant wall 1 includes a rectangular wooden wall portion 20 and a rectangular frame-like closed portion 30 formed by closing a gap between the periphery of the wooden wall portion 20 and the beam-column structure 10 .
The beam-column structure 10 includes a pair of reinforced concrete columns 11 and reinforced concrete beams 12 connecting the reinforced concrete columns 11 together.

The wooden wall portion 20 includes a first layer 20A and a second layer 20B overlaid on the first layer 20A.
The first layer 20A is formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards 21A extending at a predetermined angle α with respect to the horizontal. The second layer 20B is formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards 21B (indicated by broken lines in FIG. 1(a)) extending at a predetermined angle β with respect to the horizontal. Specifically, the angle α in the length direction of the wooden board 21A is the angle of the diagonal line connecting the lower right and upper left in FIG. The angle β in the longitudinal direction of the wooden board 21B is the angle of the diagonal line connecting the lower left and upper right in FIG. These wooden boards 21A and 21B extend in mutually intersecting directions.
The wooden boards 21A and 21B are board materials whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction, and are sawn boards obtained by cutting wood in the fiber direction, or laminated lumber obtained by stacking sawn boards so that the fiber directions are parallel to each other. .
The wooden board 21A of the first layer 20A and the wooden board 21B of the second layer 20B are fixed to each other with bolts 22 at predetermined intervals. Note that the wood board 21A and the wood board 21B may be fixed to each other using any one of adhesives, screws, and dowels, or two or more of adhesives, bolts, screws, and dowels may be used. may be used to secure each other.
A width dimension _W1 of the wooden boards 21A and 21B is, for example, 400 mm. Both ends of the wooden boards 21A and 21B are cut so as to be substantially parallel to the beam-column frame 10, and the surface of the blocking part 30 on the side of the wooden wall 20 is a smooth plane.

The blocking part 30 is formed by filling a filler having a higher strength than the wooden boards 21A and 21B. Examples of this filler include mortar and epoxy resin. Anchor members 13 are driven in two rows at predetermined intervals on the surface of the column-beam frame 10 on the blocking portion 30 side. ing.

[Verification of shear rigidity and shear strength]
Below, the shear rigidity and shear strength of the conventional earthquake-resistant wall and the earthquake-resistant wall of the present invention were determined and compared.
Conventional earthquake-resisting walls use CLT, for example, and set the extending direction (fiber direction) of wooden boards as the vertical and horizontal directions. On the other hand, in the earthquake-resistant wall of the present invention, for example, CLT is used so that the angle (fiber direction) of the wooden board is approximately 45° with respect to the horizontal. As will be described later, CLT is obtained by laminating and bonding a plurality of layers of lamina as a wooden board, which is a sawn board, so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other.
In the conventional quake-resistant wall, the fiber direction is vertical and horizontal, so the entire cross section is effective against shearing. Only the lamina on which the stress acts is valid, and 1/2 of the total cross-section is valid for shear. In addition, the column-beam frame is a rigid body, and the nodes are pin joints. In other words, the beam-column structure does not bear the seismic force, but only the reaction force of the seismic wall.

First, the shear stiffness _K1 of a conventional seismic wall is expressed by the following equation (1).
_K1 =Q/Δ=(τ×t×W)/(γ×H)=Go×t×W/H
＝Go×t=t・Eo/15 (1)
where Q is shear force, Δ is horizontal displacement, τ is shear stress, γ is shear strain, t is wall thickness, W is wall width, and H is wall height.
Further, the shear strength _Qu1 of the conventional seismic wall is expressed by the following equation (2).
_Qu1 =Fs*t*W=0.1*Fo*t*W (2)
Moreover, the shear stiffness _K2 of the earthquake-resistant wall of the present invention is expressed by the following equation (3).
_K2 =Q/Δ=(σ×t/2×W×sin45°)/(ε×H/sin45°)
= t・Eo/4
= 15/4 x _K1 = 3.75 x _K1 (3)
The shear strength _Qu2 of the earthquake-resistant wall of the present invention is expressed by the following equation (4).
Qu ₂ = Fo x t/2 x W x sin45° = Fo x t/2 x W x sin45°
= 0.35·Fo·t·W
=3.5×Qu ₁ (4)

As described above, the shear wall of the present invention, in which the fiber direction is diagonally 45°, has a shear rigidity of 3.75 times and a shear strength of 3.5 times compared to the conventional earthquake resistant wall, in which the fiber direction is in the vertical and horizontal directions. be doubled. This means that by setting the fiber direction of the earthquake-resistant wall at 45 degrees, the number of earthquake-resistant walls required for the earthquake-resistant design of the building can be reduced to 1/3.5 of the conventional number. Therefore, the cost of construction work can be reduced, the degree of freedom in the plan of the building is increased, and a large indoor space can be secured.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) A plurality of wooden boards 21A and 21B whose length direction is the fiber direction are arranged at diagonal angles α and β. When a horizontal external load (indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1(a)) is applied to the beam-column frame 10 due to an earthquake or the like, a tensile force or a compressive force acts diagonally within the structure plane of the beam-column frame 10. . Since the wooden boards 21A and 21B have high Young's modulus and strength in the fiber direction, the wooden boards 21A and 21B can sufficiently resist this tensile force or compressive force, thereby exhibiting excellent earthquake resistance performance.

(2) Two layers of the wooden boards 21A and 21B are stacked, and the wooden boards 21A and 21B of each layer are arranged so as to extend in directions intersecting each other. Therefore, when a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame 10 and the wooden board 21A of the first layer 20A bears the compressive force, the wooden board 21B of the second layer 20B bears the tensile force. Alternatively, when the wooden board 21A of the first layer 20A bears the tensile force, the wooden board 21B of the second layer 20B bears the compressive force. Therefore, the wooden board 21A or the wooden board 21B sufficiently resists an external load applied to the column-beam frame 10 in either horizontal direction.

(3) The wooden boards 21A and 21B of the first layer 20A and the second layer 20B extending in directions intersecting each other are fixed to each other at predetermined intervals. When a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame 10 and the wooden board 21A of the first layer 20A bears the compressive force, the wooden board 21B of the second layer 20B bears the tensile force. , the wooden board 21B bearing the tensile force stiffens the out-of-plane buckling of the wooden board 21A bearing the compressive force, thereby preventing the out-of-plane buckling of the wooden board 21A bearing the compressive force. Also, at this time, the buckling length of the wooden board 21A bearing the compressive force is the interval fixed to the wooden board 21B bearing the tensile force.

[Second embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a front view of a seismic wall 1A according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the width dimension _W2 of the wooden boards 21A and 21B is narrower than the width dimension _W1 of the wooden boards 21A and 21B.
That is, in this embodiment, the width dimension _W2 of the wooden board 21 is, for example, 200 mm. The wood board 21A of the first layer 20A and the wood board 21B of the second layer 20B are fixed to each other with an adhesive at predetermined intervals. Both ends of the wooden boards 21A and 21B are not cut so as to be substantially parallel to the beam-column frame 10, and the surface of the blocking part 30 on the side of the wooden wall part 20 is uneven. there is Specifically, the wooden boards 21A and 21B in this embodiment are obtained by cutting a log into a rectangular plate shape.
According to this embodiment, the same effects as (1) to (3) described above are obtained.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a seismic wall 1B according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a reinforced concrete wall 40 made of reinforced concrete is further provided along one side surface of the wooden wall 20 .
According to this embodiment, in addition to the above (1) to (3), there are the following effects.
(4) Since the reinforced concrete wall portion 40 is provided along one side of the wooden wall portion 20, the strength of the wooden wall portion 20 is added to the strength of the reinforced concrete wall portion 40, so that the wooden wall portion 20 can be replaced with the existing reinforced concrete earthquake-resistant structure. It can be used as a reinforcing structure for walls.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a front view of a seismic wall 1C according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of cutting of the CLT 50 that constitutes the seismic wall 1C.
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the wooden wall portion 20 of the earthquake-resistant wall 1C is made of CLT 50 .
That is, as shown in FIG. 5, one rectangular CLT 50 is prepared. The CLT 50 is obtained by stacking n (n is a natural number) layers and bonding laminas 21C and 21D as wooden boards, which are sawn boards, so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. The fiber direction of the even-numbered lamina 21C is horizontal in FIG. 5, but the odd-numbered lamina 21D (indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 5) has a fiber direction orthogonal to that of the even-numbered lamina 21C. , the fiber direction is the vertical direction in FIG.

The plate material of this CLT 50 is cut into six members No. 1 to No. 6 as shown in FIG. 5, and these six members are allocated to the wooden wall portion 20 as shown in FIG.
Then, the fiber direction of the lamina 21C of the even-numbered layers is arranged in the direction connecting the lower right and the upper left in FIG. and upper right (approximately 45° to the horizontal).
According to this embodiment, the same effects as (1) to (3) described above are obtained.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes modifications, improvements, etc. within the scope of achieving the object of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the wooden boards 21A and 21B extending in a certain direction are arranged over the entire surface of the wooden wall section 20. However, as shown in FIG. The left half of the wooden wall portion 20 is formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards 21E extending at an angle of a diagonal line connecting the lower left and upper right in FIG. A plurality of wooden boards 21F extending at an angle may be arranged side by side.
In addition, in the first to third embodiments described above, the wooden wall portion 20 is composed of two layers of wooden boards 21A and 21B, but this is not limiting, and the wooden wall may be composed of only one layer of wooden boards. Alternatively, in order to ensure the strength and rigidity required for the earthquake-resistant wall, it may be composed of three or more layers of wooden boards.
In addition, in the above-described third embodiment, the wooden wall portion 20 is provided on one side surface of the reinforced concrete wall portion 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this. good too.
In addition, in the first to third embodiments described above, the wooden boards 21A and 21B are set to the diagonal angles α and β of the column-beam frame 10. However, they are not limited to this. On the other hand, it may be approximately 45°, or may be in the range from angles α and β to approximately 45°.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D... Seismic wall 10... Beam-column structure 11... Reinforced concrete column 12... Reinforced concrete beam 13... Anchor material 20... Wooden wall part 20A... First layer 20B... Second layer 21A... First layer Wood board 21B... Second layer wood board 21C... Even layer lamina (wood board) 21D... Odd number layer lamina (wood board)
21E left half wood plate 21F right half wood plate 22 bolt 30 blocking part 40 reinforced concrete wall part 50 CLT

Claims (3)

A quake-resistant wall provided in the structural plane of the column-beam frame,
a wooden wall portion formed by stacking a plurality of layers formed by arranging a plurality of wooden boards with the longitudinal direction being the fiber direction;
a closing portion formed by closing a gap between the periphery of the wooden wall portion and the beam-column structure with a filler having a strength higher than that of the wooden board;
The wall width of the wooden wall portion is greater than the wall height of the wooden wall portion,
The angle of the wooden board of each layer ranges from the angle of the diagonal line of the beam-column frame to approximately 45° with respect to the horizontal,
A quake-resistant wall , wherein the wooden boards in different layers extend in mutually intersecting directions . Both edges in the length direction of the wooden board are substantially orthogonal to the length direction of the wooden board,
Concavities and convexities are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the wooden wall portion by the edge of the wooden board forming the wooden wall portion,
2. The earthquake-resisting wall according to claim 1, wherein the wooden boards of each layer are fixed to each other at predetermined intervals using at least one of adhesives , bolts, screws, and dowels. The earthquake-resistant wall according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a reinforced concrete wall section provided along the side surface of the wooden wall section.

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