JP7295085B2 - Inking method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for marking a building framework, and more particularly to a method for marking a framework using a deck with reinforcing steel trusses.

In recent years, when constructing ceilings and floor slabs, a construction method has been used in which decks with reinforced trusses, which are combined with upper and lower end bars (chords), lattice bars, and bottom plate decks, are placed before placing concrete. This construction method is known as a construction method that shortens the construction period because it is a construction method that does not require the time and effort of arranging reinforcing bars, and is also called the reinforced truss-equipped formwork floor slab construction method.

In this construction method, pipe tension sleeves for pipes on reinforced concrete floors and inserts for fixing bolts for suspending pipes from the ceiling are constructed before placing concrete. Therefore, prior to these operations, it is necessary to mark the positions of the sleeves and inserts.

Since ancient times, we have been using straight measures, tape measures, convex rules, etc. to mark out the measurement points. Work using a total station of unloading equipment is adopted. Marking work on a deck with reinforcing bar truss using this total station is first guided by a mobile communication terminal device of a tablet held by the worker, and a laser retroreflecting prism also held by the worker is placed between the reinforcing bars of the deck with reinforcing bar truss. Stand in the gap. The use of this prism not only returns a predetermined laser beam to the total station, but also prevents interference of the laser beam by the rebar. When determining the marking position, the operator marks the deck plate of the floor steel plate corresponding to the position of the prism with a writing instrument to complete the marking work.

Unlike decks with reinforced trusses, when constructing a flat floor over the entire floor, whether it is the convex method or the method using a total station, the worker should pay attention only to the marking work. It would be fine, but at a deck site with reinforced trusses, more attention is required than before.

FIG. 11 shows the state of marking work using a conventional total station in the floor structure of a deck with reinforcing steel trusses. In this marking work, the operator (4) vertically stands the retroreflective prism (3) on the deck plate (2) provided on the deck (1) with the reinforcing steel truss, and holds the hand grip (5). Marking is carried out by standing a pin-pole ferrule (6) at an indication point (7). In this marking work, the operator (a) positions the prism (3) avoiding the reinforcing bar chord members (8, 9, 10) having a height and width of about 100 mm or more, (b) this prism (3 ) to keep it vertical, (c) the risk of falling with your feet caught between the rebar strings (8, 9, 10), and (d) the rebar strings (8, 9, 10) While taking care not to damage the mobile communication terminal device (not shown), I am working with caution when operating and checking the screen. Compared to the convex method, this work requires more care in handling the prism, but even so, the marking method using the prism is more efficient than the method using the convex method that has been used for a long time.

Table 1 shows a comparative example of work efficiency between the convex method and the prism method as an example of summarizing the efficiency of marking at the construction site of the reinforcing steel pre-assembled floor. The work efficiency can be evaluated by comparing the number of marking positions (scores) of marking points in the work area per hour performed by one worker. In the case of the in-factory marking work (T site) at the first viewing site shown in Table 1, the average score is 6.5 points (the number of marking points) using the old convex method, but the average score is 17.5 points when using the prism. 4 points. From this result, it can be said that the use of a prism that obtains a large number of points is an efficient work. On the other hand, when the same work is repeated on similar floors of a high-rise building, there are cases where the efficiency of the convex method, which is used to the work, is roughly equivalent to that of the prism method. However, since the time-consuming construction requires first-time inspection, the prism method, which is easy to work with, can be said to be a marking method with high utility value.

In the prior art, even on a flat floor using a total station system without using a deck with reinforced trusses, the limit of marking points is about 1 point per minute (Patent Document 1, paragraph 0082). Therefore, considering the difficult conditions for marking work such as a deck with a reinforced truss, the measured marking points shown in Table 1 are a minimum of 6.5 points, an average of 27 to 36 points, and a maximum of 44 points. It's not a low number that deviates from technology.

By the way, as a conventional technique for performing laser marking at a construction site of a deck with reinforcing steel trusses, as exemplified in Patent Document 2, a method is known that is applied when a deck with reinforcing steel trusses is installed on a ceiling. . This construction method uses an acrylic plate mounted on a deck with reinforced trusses as a laser target from the lower floors. However, with this construction method, the floor surface inside the floor cannot be marked. Therefore, we will continue to use convexes and prisms from the past, but at the construction site of decks with reinforced trusses, the above (a), (b), (c), and (d) must be noted. In particular, workers who are preoccupied with handling prisms (a) and (b) are likely to fall over (c), and (a) and (b) are bottlenecks in work efficiency.

JP 2013-257223 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-272232

As mentioned above, at present, both the convex method and the prism method are used. However, it is desirable to find an epoch-making working method that is superior to the working efficiency of not only the convex method but also the prism method and that further improves the working efficiency.

Therefore, in pursuit of a dramatic improvement in work efficiency, the present invention incorporates a target material with a new structure that serves as a target for laser light into this total station system, and develops a new marking method using an unprecedented marking system. offer. Roughly speaking, this marking method is a method characterized by generating a high-intensity laser spot diffusely reflected by a target plate and specifying the marking position using index lines provided on the target material. . Although the present invention will be described as a construction method used in a new system incorporating a new target material using a total station, it is not limited to a device called a total station, and includes an automatic marking device including a laser distance measuring means. This is a marking method that can be applied to any system.

The present invention according to the first claim is a deck with reinforcing-bar trusses arranged on a frame before placing concrete, a target plate with the deck with reinforcing-bar trusses arranged below, and an index line provided on the target plate. A mobile phone having an automatic marking device having a laser distance measuring means for irradiating a laser beam toward the target, a function of receiving position information of marking points set by the automatic marking device, and a display function of indicating the marking points A marking method using a marking system that includes a communication terminal device and in which the end of the index line is specified as the marking point,
A target layer for receiving the laser light is arranged on the upper side of the target substrate, and a contact layer in contact with the upper side of the deck with the reinforcing truss is arranged on the lower side of the target substrate, and the target layer, the target substrate and the preparing the target plate integrally laminated with the contact layer;
an irradiation spot forming step in which the laser beam forms an irradiation spot on the index line of the target plate;
a marking point determination step of moving the irradiation spot to an edge of the target plate according to the index line and designating a point immediately below the edge as the marking point;
a return step for returning to the preparation step of the target plate when the irradiation spot forming step or the marking point determination step is not completed;
A marking method characterized by having

The present invention according to the second claim is a marking method using an automatic marking device including a laser distance measuring means, which is applied when constructing a building structure having a deck with reinforcing steel trusses before concrete is poured. ,
The target layer for receiving the laser light is arranged on the upper side and the target substrate is arranged on the lower side, and the target layer and the target substrate are integrated. Preparing the target plate integrated on the lower side,
A target plate mounting step of mounting the lower surface of the target plate, which is on the upper side of the deck with the reinforcing bar truss and is movable along the upper side, on the deck with the reinforcing bar truss;
recognizing the irradiation spot by aligning the irradiation spot of the laser generated by irradiating the upper surface of the target plate with the laser light to an index line provided on the target plate;
a marking point confirmation step of confirming a marking position designated by a mobile information terminal device communicating with the automatic marking device or the automatic marking device;
Above and parallel to the upper side of the deck with rebar trusses, the irradiation spot on the target plate moves along the index line and stops at the edge portion of the target plate. stopping the target plate;
When a writing instrument for marking the marking point on the deck with the reinforcing truss is in contact with the edge part, the marking point is directly below the edge part of the index line in a state in which the target plate does not move. Determining the marking position for marking;
and a returning step for returning to the preparing step when at least one of the viewing step, the confirming step, and the determining step cannot be completed;
A marking method characterized by having

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the preparation step of the target plate, an opaque white acrylic material is used as the target substrate, the target layer and the contact layer are formed with a curing tape, and the 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the white acrylic material and the curing tape are integrated.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the static friction resistance between the target plate and the deck with the reinforcing steel truss is
The lower surface of the target substrate is provided with an uneven rough surface layer so that the static frictional resistance between the lower surface of the target substrate and the deck with the reinforcing steel truss is larger than that of the deck, or the curing tape and the reinforcing steel truss are attached to the lower surface of the target substrate. an adhesive tape different from said curing tape so as to have a greater resistance than the static frictional resistance with the deck;
prepare the
In the preparation step of the target plate, instead of the curing tape used as the contact layer provided on the target plate specified in claim 3, the rough surface layer having unevenness is replaced, or another layer different from the curing tape is used. Replace with the adhesive tape of
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the white acrylic material and the curing tape used in the target layer are integrated with the replaced uneven rough surface layer or the different adhesive tape. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a target substrate having a light reflectance different from that of the white acrylic material is prepared, and the white acrylic material forming the target plate is transferred to the target substrate having a different light reflectance. A method according to claim 3 or claim 4 in which it replaces.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the irradiation spot further generates scattered light for widening the viewing angle of the operator at the target layer where the laser beam is spectrally reflected. 6. A method according to any one of 5.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the laser light used in the automatic marking device is a green laser, in the step of preparing the target plate, polyethylene colored green is used as a base material. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the target layer is formed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the target layer having spectral characteristics matching the color of the laser light used in the automatic marking device is prepared to generate the scattered light of the laser light. 6. The method according to 6.

According to the examples described later, 96 markings shown in Table 2 were obtained. This value surpasses the 44 points and 30 points of the convex method shown in Table 1, the 35 points of the prism method, and the conventionally known limit of 1 point per minute. In addition, for the average of 27 points for the T site and M site (Table 1) to which the conventional method was applied, or the average 40 points for M site area 1 and the average 36 points for M site including areas 1 and 2, this method The invention shows that the number of marking points more than doubled can be obtained. As a result, it has become clear that the present invention provides dramatically efficient workability that cannot be obtained by the conventional convex method or prism method.

The invention according to claim 1 provides efficient marking work without using a prism that requires workers to be careful at a construction site of a deck with a reinforced truss, which is an unstable footing for workers. In the present invention, the conventional total station is used, and the tablet operation and screen confirmation work that the operator is accustomed to handle can be used as before. Moreover, in the present invention, it is not necessary to check the property data of the laser beam, the target layer, etc., and the method uses materials available at the construction site, enabling easy preparation of the target plate. Therefore, the present invention can be applied immediately at the construction site, and can provide a method that is dramatically more efficient than the conventional construction method, as described above.

The invention according to claim 2 is the same as the invention according to claim 1, at the construction site of the deck with reinforced trusses, by following the work procedure for carrying out the present invention, the worker checks the characteristic data such as the laser beam and the target layer. Since the present invention can be carried out using materials available at the construction site, the worker can carry out a method with dramatically better work efficiency than the conventional construction method.

The invention according to claim 3 specifies a specific configuration of the target plate in which the target layer, the contact layer, and the target substrate are bonded and integrated as standard in the preliminary preparation process, so that the present invention can be implemented more easily. It can be provided as a simple construction method.

In the invention according to claim 4, the contact layer is expanded more selectively by specifying the conditions for improving the compatibility between the target plate and the deck with reinforced trusses in the preliminary preparation process, and the present invention is used as a construction method that is easier to implement. can provide.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the configuration range of the target substrate to which the target substrate can be applied is expanded in the preparatory step, thereby selectively expanding the configuration of the contact layer, and providing the present invention as a construction method that is easier to implement.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the necessary conditions for the target layer are specifically clarified in the preliminary preparation process, and the functions of the target layer are specified, thereby providing the present invention as a construction method that is easier to implement.

The invention according to claim 7 provides the present invention as a construction method that is easier to implement by specifying a standard material to be applied to the target layer in the automatic marking device that uses a green laser as the laser light.

The invention according to claim 8 specifically clarifies the necessary conditions for incorporating into the automatic marking device in the preliminary preparation process, and specifies the selection conditions of the material to be applied to the target layer, thereby making the present invention more practical. It can be provided as an easy construction method.

It is a process flowchart which shows the Example of this invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a target plate used in the present invention; FIG. FIG. 3 is a photographic diagram showing how step S30 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is carried out. It is a photograph figure which shows a mode that step S61 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is implemented. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a laser spot on a target plate surface; It is a photograph figure which shows a mode that step S62 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is implemented. It is a photograph figure which shows a mode that step S63 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is implemented. It is a photograph figure which shows a mode that step S64 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is implemented. FIG. 3 is a specific explanatory diagram for implementing step S67 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a photographic diagram showing how step S67 of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 is carried out. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional example which uses a prism in a deck with a reinforcement truss.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The total station of the automatic marking device used in the present invention is a well-known surveying instrument, and a detailed description of the instrument is omitted. The present invention is not limited to the use of the current total station, but any system that incorporates a device that measures the coordinates of a target using distance measuring light can be applied to the marking method of the present invention. .

A well-known total station obtains the positional coordinates of a target from an irradiation unit that collimates the target with a telescope and a semiconductor laser, and a light reception unit for the retroreflected light, and preloads the designated position of the marking point with the data and the distance measurement point. a distance measurement/angle measurement unit that calculates the coordinate difference between the two, a display unit that outputs the coordinate information, a transmission unit that displays the display content on a tablet that is a mobile information terminal device of the worker, and information required by the worker and a drive control unit for distance measurement and angle measurement.

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart representing the work procedure of the marking method of the present invention in a system using such a total station. The upper flow of FIG. 1 represents a preparatory process for the marking work, and the lower flow shows a specific marking work process. First, in the preliminary preparation process, the upper right part of FIG. 1 shows the work flow process using the total station, and the upper left part of FIG. 1 shows the target preparation flow process.

The preparation process of the total station starts with installing the total station (hereinafter abbreviated as TS) at the construction site and turning on the system (step S10). When the worker designates the construction site with TS (step S12), the corresponding area is selected, and the data of the location to be marked is called and displayed (step S13). Before starting the work, the worker performs the task of designating the reference point of the construction site (step S14) and confirms the reference position on the floor of the site (step S15).

In the preparation process of the target, the target has a rigidity that can maintain parallelism with the reinforcing bar chord members (8, 9, 10) of the deck with reinforcing bar truss, and a size that does not fall into the gap between the reinforcing bars, and the operator's The substrate (12) of the target plate (11) shown in FIG. 2 is selected so that it has a weight that is easy to handle (step S20). As the substrate, a target plate (11) having a substrate (12) of acrylic as a rigid material that is easy to handle by an operator and does not deform when mounted on the deck is suitable. As will be described later, the edge portion (13) of the acrylic substrate (12) is made perpendicular to the plane of the acrylic substrate (12) so that the operator can mark the marking points. Yes (step S21).

The opaque white acrylic material used as the substrate (12) of the target plate is selected as a material having light reflectivity so that the laser beam emitted from the TS can sufficiently operate the distance measuring function. An opaque white acrylic material has a total light reflectance of about 90% (see JIS K7375 Annex A), and is suitable for operating this distance measuring function. The product applied in the examples is an acrylic resin of methacrylic acid methyl ester and is a continuously cast material manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (trade name: Acrylite (registered trademark)). The size of this acrylic plate is 500 mm x 500 mm x 3 mm thick, and it weighs about 1 kgf, which is light and easy to handle so that the operator can easily move it by hand. It is a flat plate with rigidity so that it does not interfere with unloading work.

An index line (14) is required on the target plate (11) to guide the laser irradiation. As shown in FIG. 2, the index line (14) is a cross line that intersects approximately at the center of the acrylic plate. Alternatively, the surface of the curing tape to be attached in the next step (step S24) may be linearly marked with paint using an oily or water-based felt pen. In the embodiment of the present invention, it was simply created with a writing implement (step S22).

A target layer (15) is attached to the target substrate (12) for receiving the laser emitted from the TS. This target layer (15) is for allowing the operator to confirm the laser irradiation position, and for this purpose, the target layer (15) must cause scattering reflection, transmission and retroreflection of the laser light. Reflected light includes specular reflected light that has a higher intensity than scattered reflected light that is distributed approximately in a hemispherical shape, and scattered reflected light that provides a wide viewing angle that is easy for the operator to visually recognize. The light transmitted through the target layer becomes light absorbed by the target layer (15) and light re-reflected by the target substrate (12). affected by Here, the reflected light from the target substrate (12) is further scattered by the amorphous/crystalline structure and the colorant contained in the target layer, and a low-intensity laser spot (20) appears around the laser irradiation position on the surface of the target layer. Then, the light is reflected directly on the target layer surface and becomes a high intensity laser spot (22) synergistic with the low intensity laser spot (20), which is visible to the operator as shown in FIG. This low-luminance/high-luminance laser spot generally has a diameter of several millimeters to ten and several millimeters, but this size varies depending on the spectral reflection/transmission characteristics of the target layer and target substrate, and the laser intensity and coherence from the total station.

A curing tape is used as the target layer used in step S24. Curing tape is a type of industrial adhesive tape that is frequently used at construction sites. The product used in the examples is manufactured by Diatex Co., Ltd. (trade name: Piolan tape, type Y-09-GR), which is made by laminating polyethylene cloth fibers vertically and horizontally to a thickness of 0.16 mm and containing an acrylic adhesive.

By the way, the curing tape is often made of polyethylene cloth as a base material, and acrylic resin is often used because it is easy to mix additives into the adhesive layer and is suitable for adhesion adjustment, but it is not limited to this. Since the curing tape is mainly used for temporary temporary work, the product should be managed in terms of mechanical strength (tensile and breaking), adhesiveness, flexibility (ease of handling), water resistance, durability against exposure, etc. is sufficient. Therefore, the product management of the curing tape is easily affected by the price, etc., and cannot be permanently guaranteed. Other materials similar to this curing tape include paper kraft tape, polypropylene OPP tape, polystyrene, PET fiber cloth tape, PET material with rubber adhesive, and rayon and staple cloth tape. There are many types of fibers, non-woven fabrics, and adhesives such as polyethylene-based polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based, polyurethane-based, and polyolefin-based curing sheets such as vinyl chloride-based curing sheets. The material of is arbitrarily selected by the tape maker according to the intended use, which is not limited to the marking work.

In this way, there are many types of materials that can be applied not only to curing tapes but also to industrial tapes including curing sheets and masking tapes, and there are various colors that are convenient for construction sites. As is well known, coloring is the addition of coloring agents including pigments and dyes, and the scattered and transmitted light described above becomes spectral scattering and spectral transmission under the influence of these coloring agents. In addition, since the spectral characteristics of the various materials themselves are also included, it is difficult to grasp the spectral characteristics of the target layer at the marking work site.

A required function of the target layer (15) is to reflect the laser light emitted from the TS with an appropriate light intensity so that it can be easily visually recognized by the operator. Moderate strength here means more than just compatibility with the TS marking system. As is well known, laser light poses a danger to workers' health, and workers should not be exposed to high-intensity laser light. Therefore, it is also necessary to consider diverting diffusely reflected light and transmitted light so as to reduce specularly reflected light. For this reason, steps S241 and 242 also correspond to the step of (A) maintaining the operation of the TS, (B) including safety below the permissible exposure dose for workers, and (C) attaching a target layer with good visibility. do.

The specularly reflected light that makes the high-brightness irradiation spot (22) clear and the diffusely reflected light that widens the viewing angle are affected by the unevenness and roughness of the laser irradiation surface of the target layer (15). Step S241 includes modifying the target layer (15) accordingly to balance at the construction site.

Furthermore, if it is difficult to satisfy these conditions (A), (B) and (C) in selecting the target layer (15), a step of reselecting the target substrate (12) is added in step S242. be. For example, if it is necessary to lower the reflectance of the target substrate (12), the surface of the white acrylic substrate may be roughened before applying the curing tape, or the amount of laser light may be used as the target instead of the semi-milk acrylic plate with low reflectance. TS change within a range that does not interfere with the operation of That is, the acrylic plate described in the embodiment is not limited to this, and a substrate having reflectance or transmittance different from that of the acrylic plate can be used in step S20 shown in FIG.

Furthermore, if a highly reflective white acrylic plate is not available at the construction site and a highly transparent milk semi-transparent acrylic plate is used, the contact layer described later should be made of a reflective material on the laser irradiation side. If you attach it to the back of the acrylic material, internal diffuse reflection will occur, so you can also take a means to check the irradiation of the laser light from the side of the acrylic material.

As described above, the target layer (15) and the target substrate (12) can be combined in various ways, and the combination will be determined in the steps described later. Here, to summarize the outline of the structure applied in the embodiment of the present invention, the curing tape used in the present invention is a commercially available product that is frequently used for temporary fixing work at indoor construction sites, and is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the target substrate. A target plate is prepared in the preparation process to be affixed to the . It should be noted that this double-sided attachment does not distinguish between the front and back of the target plate, i.e., the upper surface and the lower surface of the target plate, and generates a frictional force on the surface for viewing the laser spot and, as will be described later, on the upper deck with the reinforcing steel truss. effective for This curing tape is mainly made of polyethylene as a base material, and is based on the fact that green cloth, which is often used indoors, is suitable for spectral scattering of the green laser wavelength (532 nm wavelength). As shown in FIG. 4 (step S61) and FIG. 7 (step S63), this provides a wide viewing angle that can be easily recognized by the operator. Adhesiveness and mechanical properties of curing tapes are controlled by each manufacturer, but optical properties are not specified, so it is necessary to check them in process steps S61 to S65 of the present invention. These points are discussed in detail in the relevant paragraphs below.

The target plate (11) having the target layer (15) and the target substrate (12) temporarily placed in step S24 is mounted on the deck (1) with reinforcing steel trusses (step S30) as shown in the photograph of FIG. Incorporate into a system containing TS. First, the reference height is set by TS at the reference point of the marking site (step S16). This completes the work preparation by setting up the marking work (step S17).

At the start of the marking work, the first marking point is specified on the tablet screen (step S18). Here, as shown in the photograph of FIG. 4, the target plate is irradiated with a laser beam, and it is confirmed that the target plate (11) is irradiated with the laser beam (step S61). This irradiation can be confirmed by visually recognizing the high-intensity laser spot (22) shown in FIG. If it can be visually recognized here, the target plate (11) is mounted on the deck (1) with reinforcing steel trusses so that the high-intensity laser spot (22) is aligned with the index line (14) of the target plate (11) ( step S62). If this visual confirmation is not possible, the returning process (step S70) to return to the preparation process (step S24) of the target plate is entered, and the step S24 is repeated.

The semiconductor lasers used in TS are red lasers in the long wavelength range (600 nm or more) and green lasers in the medium wavelength range (500 to 600 nm). Preferably, a laser (532 nm) is used. When using this green laser, in order to form a high-intensity laser spot, it is necessary to prepare a target layer that reflects green spectrally so as to develop a green color. For example, even if a red spectral reflector is irradiated with a green laser beam, high brightness cannot be obtained, so that it is difficult for an operator to visually recognize the red spectral reflector. Therefore, even if various materials can be selected for the target layer, a target layer containing pigments or dyes having spectral characteristics matching the wavelength of the color of the semiconductor laser used in the TS is suitable as easily visible scattered light.

When using a TS using a green laser, the target layer is preferably an inorganic chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, silicate mineral green earth, or an organic phthalocyanine green-containing polyethylene base material. There are various types of As mentioned above, the curing tape is not an optical component, so the manufacturer does not control the optical properties, if any, of the mechanical strength and adhesiveness. Therefore, even if the curing tape of the same manufacturer and the same model number is used, the optical characteristics are not guaranteed. That is, if the process of visually recognizing the laser irradiation spot in step S61 is insufficient, it is necessary to review the target plate finished in the preparation process.

For example, if the range of the low-brightness reflective spot is narrow, or if the viewing angle is narrow due to insufficient amount of diffusely reflected light and visibility is difficult, use a metal plate that makes the target substrate highly reflective, or dye the target layer material. The amount of diffusely reflected light is increased by reselecting a material containing additives for the agent, reselecting a material with a large amount of surface cloth fiber unevenness of the target layer, or the like. Conversely, if the intensity of the high-brightness spot is too high, roughen the surface of the target substrate to widen the diffuse reflection surface. It is necessary to select means for reducing the amount of specular reflection, such as by reselecting a blue material having different spectral characteristics for the target layer, or reselecting a base material with a high haze value.

In addition, since the visibility changes depending on the work environment and conditions, it is possible to appropriately select the target group according to the work site. For example, (1) shortening of the peak relative luminous efficiency in a dimly lit work site, (2) shortening of the wavelength at a low incident angle of the laser light target plate, (3) semiconductor laser output level reduction and oscillation under environmental low temperature conditions. The selection of the target group may also be taken into account, including individual differences in workers such as shortening wavelengths, work habits, and differences in total stations to be used.

If the high-intensity laser spot (22) can be visually recognized and the process proceeds to step S62 (Fig. 6), the target plate (11) is placed on the deck (1) with the reinforced truss using one of the index lines (14) as a guide. The target plate (11) is slid in parallel on the upper surface of the deck (1) with reinforcing steel trusses from the state in which the index line (14) and the laser spots (20, 22) are aligned with each other (step S63, Figure 7). Movement along this index line (14) will map the laser beam trajectory onto the target plate surface according to the deck surface normal.

Then, when the edge portion (13) of the index line (14) coincides with the high-intensity laser spot (22), the sliding of the target plate (11) is stopped (step S64, FIG. 8). At this time, the operator confirms the confirmed display of the marking position on the tablet (step S65). If it can be confirmed here, the process proceeds to step S66. If the confirmation display does not appear, it means that there is a problem with the system operation, and the return process (step S71) to return to step S24 is performed.

Next, the bottom plate (2) of the deck (1) with reinforced trusses is marked with a mark (step S67) as shown in FIGS. If the target plate (11) slides against the deck (1), the static frictional resistance between the contact layer (24) of the target plate (11) and the deck (1) with reinforced trusses is greater than the pressing force of the marking writing instrument (26). Since it is low, the feedback step (step S72) to return to step S24 is entered.

That is, the step of checking the deviation of the target plate (11) by the marking writing instrument (26) (step S66), which is the final checking work in this method, is performed. If no deviation occurs, the marking work for the first point is completed via step S67 (step S68). At this time, in order to maintain a right angle with the target plate (11), the writing instrument may use a curved rule based on the plane of the target plate (11).

Although step S67 uses the outer peripheral edge of the target plate (11), the use of the outer peripheral edge is not limited to this. It is also possible to make a hole and use the hole as the edge of the target plate (11) for marking. That is, the edge of the target plate (11) is not limited to the outer periphery of the plate, and any plate edge that functions as a guide for the writing instrument (26) can be used.

In the process of step S66, if the target plate (11) moves during marking writing as described above, it is necessary to increase the static frictional resistance between the contact layer (24) and the deck (1) with reinforcing steel trusses. Normally, however, the use of the above-mentioned curing tape can provide static friction resistance to the extent that this shift does not occur. This is because even if the curing tape is mainly made of polyethylene, which has a low coefficient of friction with iron, the curing tape has an uneven surface structure in which vertical and horizontal fibers are crossed, and a large frictional resistance can be obtained with the reinforcing bar string material. according to. If it is still slippery, a rubber material may be used. In any case, the target plate (11) is prepared in the process of step S24 shown in the flow chart of FIG.

After all steps S61, S65, and S66 of the determination process are completed and the first marked point is determined (step S68), the next marked point (second marked point) is continued from step S18. (step S80). Normally, during repetitive work according to the flow chart of FIG. ) is available.

Table 2 summarizes the marking points obtained by performing the work shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1 through only one step without repeating step S24, in comparison with the conventional example. From Table 2, when comparing the marking environment in the same site area 1, there is a minimum of 35 points and a maximum of 44 points, but compared to the conventional technology with an average value of 40 points, the marking point of the present invention is 96 points. Marking points are more than doubled compared to the conventional technology. From this result, it has been clarified that the present invention can double the work efficiency, so that the work efficiency of the present invention can provide a marking method superior to that of the prior art.

In the embodiments of the present invention, a combination of an opaque white acrylic plate and a green curing tape that can be incorporated into a TS system including a laser rangefinder that mainly emits green laser light is mainly described, but the combination is limited to these combinations. It also clarified that it is not something that can be done. That is, the present invention provides a target layer having laser light scattering reflectivity having spectral characteristics suitable for laser light, a target substrate having optical characteristics for adjusting the amount of reflected light so as to affect the formation of a laser irradiation spot, and a reinforcing bar. In this method, a target plate is constructed by combining a deck with a truss and a contact layer having a frictional force, and marking is performed by a system combined with an automatic marking device such as a total station. Therefore, it goes without saying that more materials than the target materials described above can be used, and that any automatic marking device compatible with the present invention can be used. Various embodiments are possible. That is, the combination of the materials of the embodiments and examples described above is for explaining an example of the invention, and does not limit the scope of the invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for suitable and efficient marking work for the floor slab construction method with reinforcement trusses, which has been widely used in recent years.

1... A deck with rebar trusses,
2 ... deck plate,
3... A prism for retroreflection,
7 . . . Marking indication point,
11 ... target plate,
12... An opaque white acrylic plate used as a target base of the target plate,
13 ... the edge of the target substrate, the edge of the index line,
14... index line, cross line,
15 ... Curing tape used as the target layer of the target plate,
20 ... low intensity laser spot,
22...High intensity laser spot,
24 ... Curing tape used as a contact layer of the target plate in contact with the deck with reinforcing steel truss,
26 Marking writing instrument

Claims (8)

A deck with reinforced trusses installed on the frame before concrete is poured, a target plate with this deck with reinforced trusses placed below, and a laser distance measurement that irradiates a laser beam toward the index line provided on this target plate. means; and a portable communication terminal device having a function of receiving position information of a marking point set by the automatic marking device and a display function of indicating the marking point, In a marking method using a marking system in which an end is specified as the marking point,
A target layer for receiving the laser light is arranged on the upper side of the target substrate, and a contact layer in contact with the upper side of the deck with the reinforcing truss is arranged on the lower side of the target substrate, and the target layer, the target substrate and the preparing the target plate integrally laminated with the contact layer;
an irradiation spot forming step in which the laser beam forms an irradiation spot on the index line of the target plate;
a marking point determination step of moving the irradiation spot to an edge of the target plate according to the index line and designating a point immediately below the edge as the marking point;
a return step for returning to the preparation step of the target plate when the irradiation spot forming step or the marking point determination step is not completed;
A marking method characterized by having
In a marking method using an automatic marking device including a laser distance measuring means, which is applied when constructing a building frame with a deck with reinforced trusses before concrete is poured,
The target layer for receiving the laser light is arranged on the upper side and the target substrate is arranged on the lower side, and the target layer and the target substrate are integrated. Preparing the target plate integrated on the lower side,
A target plate mounting step of mounting the lower surface of the target plate, which is on the upper side of the deck with the reinforcing bar truss and is movable along the upper side, on the deck with the reinforcing bar truss;
recognizing the irradiation spot by aligning the irradiation spot of the laser generated by irradiating the upper surface of the target plate with the laser light to an index line provided on the target plate;
a marking point confirmation step of confirming a marking position designated by a mobile information terminal device communicating with the automatic marking device or the automatic marking device;
Above and parallel to the upper side of the deck with rebar trusses, the irradiation spot on the target plate moves along the index line and stops at the edge portion of the target plate. stopping the target plate;
When a writing instrument for marking the marking point on the deck with the reinforcing truss is in contact with the edge part, the marking point is directly below the edge part of the index line in a state in which the target plate does not move. Determining the marking position for marking;
and a returning step for returning to the preparing step when at least one of the viewing step, the confirming step, and the determining step cannot be completed;
A marking method characterized by having
In the preparation process of the target plate, an opaque white acrylic material is used as the target substrate, the target layer and the contact layer are formed with a curing tape, and the white acrylic material and the curing tape are integrated. 3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2.
The static frictional resistance between the target plate and the deck with the reinforcing steel truss is
The lower surface of the target substrate is provided with an uneven rough surface layer so that the static frictional resistance between the lower surface of the target substrate and the deck with the reinforcing steel truss is larger than that of the deck, or the curing tape and the reinforcing steel truss are attached to the lower surface of the target substrate. an adhesive tape different from said curing tape so as to have a greater resistance than the static frictional resistance with the deck;
prepare the
In the preparation step of the target plate, instead of the curing tape used as the contact layer provided on the target plate specified in claim 3, the rough surface layer having unevenness is replaced, or another layer different from the curing tape is used. Replace with the adhesive tape of
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the white acrylic material and the curing tape used in the target layer are integrated with the replaced uneven rough surface layer or the different adhesive tape.
5. The target substrate according to claim 3, wherein a target substrate having a light reflectance different from that of the white acrylic material is prepared, and the white acrylic material constituting the target plate is replaced with the target substrate having a light reflectance different from that of the white acrylic material. Method.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the irradiation spot further produces scattered light for widening a viewing angle of the operator at the target layer where the laser light is spectrally reflected.
Further, when the laser light used in the automatic marking device is a green laser, the target layer is formed with polyethylene colored green as a base material in the step of preparing the target plate. 7. A method according to any one of claims 6.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the target layer is provided with spectral characteristics that match the color of laser light used in the automatic marking device to produce the scattered light of the laser light.

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