JP7282512B2 - harvest machine - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvesting machine that affixes a mark representing the travel locus of the harvesting machine on the ground surface of a field. The attached mark is used to facilitate the operation of the harvest processing machine for post-processing the harvest that has been processed by the harvest machine and left in the field.

Conventionally, in order to post-process the harvested material processed by the harvesting machine, efforts have been made to operate the harvested material processing machine unmanned or to automate the steering in order to lighten the burden on the rider.

Taking a case where the harvesting machine is a grass collector, a roll bale, which is a harvested material processing machine, travels along the grass collection line, forms the roll bale into a cylindrical shape, and discharges it to the field. Patent Literature 1 [0103] describes position identification by GPS in order to allow the harvested material processing machine to run unmanned, but a position identification device using GPS is expensive. Also, since the roll bale released from the roll baler rolls, there is a deviation from the GPS coordinates. And, as the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan reported that GPS positioning data was disturbed by disturbances in the ionosphere caused by solar flares, we had no choice but to suspend work. Moreover, both the harvesting machine and the harvested material processing machine must be equipped with GPS, which significantly increases the cost.

Although it is conceivable to attach an image recognition device to the harvest processing machine to specify the position of the harvest, the position of the harvest can only be specified within the range of the field of view of the image recognition device, resulting in failure to pick up the harvest. In addition, if there is a difference in elevation in the field, blind spots are created, making unmanned operation and automation difficult only with an image recognition device, and it was necessary to input the position information of the harvested product in the entire field in some form.

Patent document 2 describes automatic steering means for a riding mower equipped with a mower unit as a working device. It was to steer itself. Once the mowing is finished, the land becomes all mowed land, so the work boundary line disappears, and this technology cannot be followed by other harvested material processing work machines in the traveling locus of the riding lawn mower.

In addition, Patent Document 3 describes a vehicle that detects guidance lines provided on the road or floor surface indoors or outdoors and travels unmanned. was technology. However, the guidance line is not installed in advance in the field where the harvesting machine operates. Fields are covered with pasture grass, making it difficult to detect the guidance lines. , it is necessary to install a guidance line each time.

Furthermore, the progress locus of the harvesting machine changes, for example, when the model of the harvesting machine changes, and it is not always the same position every year. It was unrealistic to provide Each time, it takes time and effort to draw a guide line on the ground surface of the field using a dedicated work machine to draw the guide line. Even if it is a well-known technology to detect the guide line and control the steering, no one thought to apply such a well-known technology to the harvesting machine.

JP 2017-12134 A JP 2018-97526 A JP 2010-282393 A

Harvested crops that have been harvested by harvesting machines and left in the field are processed by harvested crop processing machines using means for identifying the position of harvested crops. was a problem.

According to the present invention, a harvested product processing machine that performs post-processing on the harvested product that has been harvested by the harvester and left in the field controls steering so that the harvested product can be accessed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a harvesting machine capable of attaching a mark (hereinafter abbreviated as "mark") to the ground surface of a field.

The present invention aims to solve the problem by providing a harvesting machine provided with a marking device for marking the ground surface of a field.

In order to control the steering of the harvested material processing machine along the traveling trajectory of the harvesting machine, it is necessary to acquire the position coordinates of the traveling trajectory. The present invention makes it possible to control the steering of a harvested product processing machine by means of a mark placed on the ground surface of a field by a simple means of the marking device 5 without obtaining the exact positional coordinates of the traveling trajectory. , eliminates the need for expensive positioning means such as GPS.

Here, the mark row (see FIG. 10) means a row of marks (hereinafter referred to as a "mark row") obtained by dividing the marks into forward and backward passes. Then, the mark row generating means generates mark row information in which each mark row and the identifier are associated with each other. This makes it possible to distinguish between a large number of mark rows in the field. The mark row generating means may be provided anywhere as long as the harvested product processing machine or the mark row specifying device can receive the mark row information, for example, any of the harvested product processing machine, the harvested product processing machine, the network, etc. It's okay. The mark row information received by the harvested product processing machine or the mark row specifying device is used to correspond to the mark row detected by the image or the like from the field when the harvested product processing machine starts working. The mark row identification device has a function of identifying which mark row is being worked on among the many mark rows that actually exist in the field from the image etc. from the field. When it is made into a field, it has a function to identify the position in the field where the work is being done and a function to search for the mark row to be worked, which is useful for running control.

If the harvested material processing machine receives the count of the number of mark rows (mark row information) transmitted by the harvesting machine, even if a plurality of harvested material processing machines work unmanned, for example, even-numbered A plurality of harvested products can be processed without the need for a complicated control device, for example, by having the first harvested product processing machine work on the mark row and the second harvested product processing machine work on the odd-numbered mark row. The allocation of processing machines can be predetermined.

According to the present invention, the harvested product processing machine can access the harvested product only by the mark attached to the ground surface of the field representing the progress trajectory of the harvesting machine, and precise and expensive electronic devices such as GPS can be used. can be made unnecessary.

In addition, a simple and inexpensive mark detector is sufficient for detecting the marks, and since the harvested crops are present on or around the traveling trajectory of the harvesting machine, the harvested crops are processed following the marks on the field. As long as the work machine moves forward, you can always find the harvested product, and post-processing work can be done without delay just by marking it.

A mark indicated when the harvesting machine reciprocates is counted as one in the forward trip and counted as one in the return trip, and the total count number continuously counted from the start of the work is stored or transmitted. Since a substantially parallel mark row is drawn on the field, the position of the field can be roughly specified by the number (mark row information) attached to the mark row.

Furthermore, even if the harvested material processing machine temporarily stops the work and moves to carry the harvested material, if the harvested material processing machine remembers the number of the mark row at the time of work interruption, it can be reliably used when the work is interrupted. It is possible to return to the mark row and resume work reliably.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention is a very useful harvesting machine capable of providing marks for access to the harvested material by the harvested material processing machine.

In addition, the marking device for marking the field is advantageous in terms of cost because it can be externally attached to existing harvesting machines.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing the harvesting machine (grass collector) during formation of the grass collection row 11; FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the harvesting machine (grass collector) during the formation of the grass collection row 11; FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a grass collection row 11 and a mark 20 representing a progress locus of a harvesting machine (grass collector) that has made the grass collection row 11; FIG. 11 is a side view showing the operation of the harvested material processing machine (roll baler 50) that creates a roll bale 51 from the grass collection row 11; FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the operation of the harvested material processing machine (roll baler 50) that creates a roll bale 51 from the grass collection row 11; FIG. 10 is a flowchart for counting the number of marks; FIG. 10 is a side view of the root vegetable harvester in a state in which a loading/unloading platform 61 on which containers are mounted is lifted. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the root vegetable harvester in which a loading/unloading platform 61 on which a container is mounted is lowered to a position where the container is left in the field. FIG. 3 is a side view of a wrapping machine 80 provided with a mark row recognition device and harvested product position recognition device 71. FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of a wrapping machine 80 provided with a mark row recognition device and harvested product position recognition device 71. FIG. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a wrapping machine 80 provided with a mark row recognition device and harvested product position recognition device 71; It is a diagram in which a field map and a mark row 93 are superimposed and a mark row identifier (number) 94 is attached.

The harvesting machine of the present invention includes all farming machines that are even partially involved in harvesting work, but in particular,
(1) Harvesting work and work using a harvest machine that leaves the harvest in the field (2) Work with a harvest processing machine that processes the harvest left in the field (1) It relates to a harvesting machine that takes charge of the work of.
Harvesters for fruit vegetables, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, etc. that put harvested products in containers and leave them in the field, and harvesting machines that put harvested grains in harvest storage bags and leave them in the field. (combine), a grass collector that collects grass clippings and forms a row of grass, a roll baler that creates a roll bale from a row of grass left by the grass collector and leaves it in the field, and a wrapping that wraps a low bale and leaves it in the field Including work equipment such as machines.
However, transplanters that do not involve harvesting, such as rice transplanters, are not included.

(First embodiment)
1 to 3 show a grass collector corresponding to the harvesting machine of the present invention. A grass collector towed by a tractor 1 drives a rotor 4 with power from a PTO shaft, and the rotation of tines 3 collects grass clippings in the center to form a compact grass collection row 11. - 特許庁

At the rear end, a marking device 5 is mounted for marking a mark 20 representing the movement locus of the grass collector on the ground surface of the field after grass collection.

As shown in FIG. 2, while the grass collector advances through cut grass 10 before grass collection, a grass collection line 11 is formed, and a marking device 5 marks the surface of the field with a mark 20 representing the progress locus of the grass collector. be. At this time, the mark 20 is attached to the field as shown in FIG. That is, since the grass collecting line 11 is completely parallel to the progress locus of the grass collector, if the roll baler 50 (harvested product processing work machine) follows the mark 20, the roll baler 50 reliably travels along the grass collecting line 11. It is possible to Even if there is an obstacle in the field and the grass collector advances while avoiding it, the mark 20 representing the movement locus of the grass collector is drawn on the field in parallel along the grass collection row 11 even if it is curved. be Since the roll baler 50 detects the mark 20 by the mark detector 40 and travels, the roll baler 50 can access the grass collection line 11 without any trouble.

When the grass collector (harvesting machine) turns at the edge of the field, the mark 20 can be configured not to be attached, and the mark 20 can be attached even when it is rotating.

As shown in FIG. 5, the mark 20 may be of any type as long as it can be detected by a mark detector 40 provided on a roll baler 50 corresponding to a harvested material processing machine. It doesn't matter if there is. A harmless one is preferable because the mark 20 is attached to the field. For example, it may be a colored substance with a color distinguishable from soil. Lime (white) itself, which is a soil conditioner, can also be used, but it is also possible to add a coloring substance to lime. In addition, a stick (peg) made of biodegradable resin may be used, and the material and structure are not limited as long as the mark detector 40 of the harvest processing machine can detect the movement trajectory of the harvest machine.

Further, the mark 20 is preferably attached to the field continuously, that is, in a linear manner, because it is easy to detect. The marks 20 may be discretely applied to save the amount of marks 20 used.

The roll baler 50, which is a work machine for processing the harvested material, may be advanced while detecting the mark 20, and may be unmanned. Even if it is not unmanned, it can assist the steering work of the passenger and reduce the work burden.

The number of marks 20 shown when the grass collector (harvesting machine) reciprocates is counted as 1 in the outward trip and 1 in the return trip, and the number of consecutive counts from the start of the work is stored, or Send. Counting can be done in any way, but FIG. 6 is an example. When the harvesting machine operation is started in s1, the operator turns on the switch of the marking device 5 to start the marking device 5 in s2. Then, marks 20 are attached to the field, and the number of marks is counted in s3. Since the initial value of n is set to 0, the number of marks is counted as 1 in s3. When the turning of the harvesting machine is detected in s4, it is determined in s5 whether or not the work is finished. When it is determined in s5 that the work has been completed, the total number of marks n is transmitted.
In addition, in the case where the work of the harvested material processing work machine is started after a certain period of time after the work of the harvest work machine is finished, the total number of marks in s6 is temporarily stored in the harvest work machine, It is also possible to transmit the data later to a harvested product processing machine having a mark row specifying device, or to call up and display the total number of marks stored in the harvested product processing machine so that the rider of the harvested product processing machine can determine the total number of marks. can be input to the mark row identification device from the operation panel of the harvest processing machine.

When the roll baler 50 (harvested material processing machine) starts working without waiting for the harvesting machine to finish its work, the mark number n is transmitted to the roll baler 50 (harvested material processing machine) between s4 and s5. You may do so.

The grass collector (harvesting machine) or roll baler 50 (harvested product processing machine) assigns a number to each of the large number of mark rows 93 attached to the ground surface of the field based on the total number of marks n sent in s6. An identifier 94 (mark row information) can also be attached. (See Fig. 10)

When the harvesting machine marks, if an identifier 94 (mark row information) such as a number is given to all the mark rows divided into the forward and backward passes, the number etc. attached to the mark row 93 can be obtained as shown in FIG. Identifier 94 makes it possible to specify the position of the mark row 93 among many mark rows.

If a mark row specifying device such as an image processing device capable of specifying which mark row 93 among a large number of mark rows is provided, and configured so as to recognize the number of the mark row 93, the harvested material processing work machine can identify which number currently exists. It can be recognized whether work is being performed along the mark row 93 . At the start of work, if the operator only tells the number of the mark row 93 recognized by the mark row specifying device, the mark row 93 of which number is automatically determined based on the mark row. A specific device automatically judges. The harvest processing machine recognizes the numbers of the mark rows 93 and is automatically steered to travel along the marks from the start point or end point of each mark row 93 .

When a plurality of roll balers 50 (harvested material processing machines) are used at the same time, if the odd-numbered mark rows 93 and the even-numbered mark rows 93 are assigned in advance, even if the roll balers 50 are unmanned, it becomes complicated. A plurality of roll balers 50 can share the work without requiring a separate control device.
Since the grass collector (harvesting machine) normally performs the harvesting work at approximately equal intervals, the marks 20 representing the progress locus are also placed on the field at equal intervals. If the total number of mark rows 93 is known, the field map of the field and the mark rows 93 separately obtained can be superimposed and displayed.

FIG. 10 shows the field map and the mark row 93 actually superimposed.

Since the grass collecting row 11 is usually raised at the center, when the roll bale 50 is moved straight along the mark, the mowed grass is collected at the center of the roll bale 51 to form a spindle-shaped roll bale 51 with the center raised. Therefore, if the roll baler 50 is advanced so as to meander slightly to the left and right while detecting the mark 20, a clean roll baler 51 is formed.

(Second embodiment)
The harvesting machine can also be a roll baler 50, as shown in FIGS. In this case, the wrapping machine 80 serves as a harvest processing working machine. There is always a roll bale 51 on or near the traveling trajectory of the roll baler 50, and the wrapping machine 80 shown in FIGS. , and the roll bale 51 can be found by relying on the mark 20 that the roll bale 50 puts on the field.
When the wrapping machine 80 is unmanned, it can be easily unmanned by providing the harvest position recognition device such as an image recognition device capable of recognizing the roll bale 51 in the wrapping machine 80 in addition to the mark row identification device. Since the roll bale 51 is large and there are no other confusing objects in the field, the position of the harvest can be easily recognized by the harvest position recognition device.
In the second embodiment, a mark row identifying device and harvested product position recognizing device 71 is provided on the support. ) While recognizing the harvest processing machine, the position of the harvest is also recognized.
Furthermore, in order to reduce costs, it is possible to use a single image recognition device or the like for all of the mark row identification device, mark detector, and crop position recognition device.

The roll baler 50 has 2 roll bales 51 in the first mark row 93 and 0 roll bales 51 in the second mark row 93 in FIG. The number information may be transmitted to the wrapping machine 80 (harvest processing work machine). Whether or not the wrapping machine 80 traveling along the mark row 93 has processed all the roll bales 51 on the mark row 93 is judged by the mark detector 40 based on the information on the number of roll bales 51 transmitted from the roll baler 50 . For example, the work can be moved to the next mark row 93 without traveling to the end point of the mark row 93 .

When using a plurality of lapping machines 80, it is possible to allocate in advance like the even-numbered or odd-numbered mark rows 93 as in the first embodiment, or for each of the mark rows 93 Considering the number of roll bales 51, it is also possible to allocate the mark rows 93 to the plurality of wrapping machines 80 so as to have an even number.

(Modified example of the first and second embodiments)
The harvested product processing machine that detects the mark given to the field by the grass collector (harvesting machine) and controls the steering may be the roll baler 50 and the wrapping machine 80 . In this case, since the wrapping machine 80 and the roll baler 50 follow substantially the same traveling trajectory, the steering of both the roll baler 50 and the wrapping machine 80 is controlled using the mark 20 attached to the grass collector.

(Third Embodiment)
7 and 8 show an example of a root vegetable harvester 60 (harvesting machine). As shown in FIG. 7, harvested root crops are fed via a conveyor 62 into a harvest container (not shown) placed on a loading/unloading platform 61 . When the container is full, the loading platform 61 is lowered as shown in FIG. 8, the base of the root vegetable harvester 60 is moved back and forth, and the harvest container (not shown) is left in the field. Although the marking device 5 is not shown, the marking device 5 is provided at an appropriate position, and if a mark 20 representing the progress trajectory is attached to the ground surface of the field, the full harvest container can be collected. A working machine (harvested product processing working machine) is steered and controlled while detecting the mark 20 to perform the collection work. Also, instead of the container, the harvested product may be placed in a harvested product storage bag and left in the field.
The harvester 60 is not limited to the root vegetable harvester, and may be a grain, fruit vegetable or leaf vegetable harvester.

(mark function)
When the harvest processing work machine is manned and operated, a passenger finds the grass collection line 11. - 特許庁Further, the mark detector 40 detects the mark 20 attached to the field along the grass collection line, and the automatic steering control is performed, so that the burden on the rider can be reduced. When adopting such a working form, it is not necessary for the harvest processing machine to know along which mark row 93 the work is being performed.

However, if the harvested material processing machine is to be controlled unmanned, it is necessary for the harvested material processing machine to recognize which mark row 93 it is traveling on. When the harvesting machine reciprocates in the field, the number of marks 20 representing the traveling trajectory is divided into outward and return trips, and the number is counted from the start of the work, and a device for storing and/or transmitting the count is provided. The positional relationship of many mark rows 93 can be determined. If a mark row identifying device such as an image recognition device capable of recognizing the mark row 93 is attached to the harvested product processing machine, the unmanned harvested product processing machine determines which position the mark row 93 is being worked on and is run. be able to.

It is not always necessary to superimpose the map and the mark row 93. However, as shown in FIG. Assuming that the mark rows 93 are equally spaced and straight, it is also possible to draw as many straight mark rows 93 as the number of mark rows 93 at equal intervals.

By attaching a mark identifier 94 (mark row information) such as a number to a large number of mark rows 93 attached to the ground surface of the field on the map, it becomes easy to grasp the rough position.

A simple and inexpensive device suffices for the mark detector 40, and since the harvested material always exists on or in the vicinity of the travel path of the harvesting machine, if the harvested material processing machine follows the mark 20, the harvested material is always detected. will be able to access.

In addition, as described above, the harvested product exists on or in the vicinity of the progress locus of the harvesting machine, so even if the harvesting machine moves in a curved line due to circumstances such as a difference in height in the field, it can be used without problems. can.

Furthermore, even if the harvested material processing machine temporarily interrupts the work and moves to carry the harvested material, if the harvested material processing machine memorizes the number of the mark row 93 at the time of work interruption, the work can be reliably interrupted. can be returned to the mark row 93, and the work can be reliably restarted.

(Detectors and Other Devices Installed on Harvested Material Processing Machines)
The detector provided on the harvested material processing machine is the mark detector 40 for detecting the mark 20 provided on the ground surface for steering control of the harvested material processing machine along the mark 20. The following devices can also be added as described.
(1) Harvested product position recognition device used for recognizing and processing the roll bale 51, container, harvested product storage bag, etc., and accessing them by the harvested product processing work machine (2) Mark row 93 number etc. Mark row identifying device used to identify identifier 94

Since the mark detector 40 detects the mark 20 on the ground surface for steering control, it may be provided relatively close to the ground surface for accurate detection. However, although accurate detection can be expected when the mark 20 is close to the ground surface, the detection range inevitably becomes narrow.

The mark detector 40, the mark row specifying device, and the harvest position recognition device can be provided as separate devices, but can also be used as a single device. An example in which a single device is used as both a mark row specifying device and a harvest position recognition device is a mark row specifying device and harvest position recognition device 71 shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C.

It is preferable that the mark row identification device is installed at a high position of the harvest processing machine in order to recognize a large number of mark rows 93 . Also, the mark row identification device may be provided in the drone so that the harvest processing machine can receive the information.

The harvested product position recognition device is provided toward the front of the harvested product processing work machine, and the installation position is appropriately determined according to the size of the harvested product such as the roll bale 51, container, and harvested product storage bag to be recognized.

When the mark detector 40 loses sight of the mark 20, it is preferable to control the mark detector 40 so as to assist the mark detection recovery by the mark row identifying device.

(map)
The map may be created by the harvesting machine or the harvested material processing machine, or by connecting the data of the harvesting machine to the network and creating the map on the network or by a separate device connected to the network. , may be sent to the harvest processing machine.

1 Tractor 3 Tine 4 Rotor 5 Marking device 10 Cut grass before grass collection 11 Grass collection row 20 Mark representing progress trajectory 40 Mark detector 50 Roll baler 51 Roll bale 60 Root vegetable harvester 61 Lifting platform 62 Conveyor 71 Mark row identifying device Harvested product position recognition device 80 Wrapping machine 90 Harvested area 91 Unharvested area 93 Mark row 94 Mark row identifier (number)

Claims (9)

A harvesting machine equipped with a marking device that marks the ground surface of a field. 2. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the mark is a soil improver such as lime, a coloring substance, an electromagnetic wave reflector and/or a stick. 3. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the marks are continuously or discretely applied to the ground surface of the field. The harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mark is attached to the ground surface of the field behind or to the side of the harvesting machine. The harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the harvesting machine is a grass collector, a harvester for cereals, fruit vegetables, leafy vegetables or root vegetables, or a roll baler. The harvesting machine according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the mark is a mark representing a travel locus of the harvesting machine. 7. The harvesting machine according to claim 6 , wherein the harvesting machine is a grass collector, and the marking device attaches the mark indicating the progress locus between the grass collecting rows. When the harvesting machine reciprocates in the field, the number of marks representing the progress trajectory is divided into outward and return paths and arranged in rows (hereinafter referred to as "mark row") is counted from the start of the operation, and the counting is performed. A harvesting machine according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a device for storing and/or transmitting a number is provided. The harvesting machine according to claim 8,
Assuming that the mark rows are attached to the work area of the field at equal intervals, the estimated position of the mark row estimated from the count number is obtained, and the mark row is superimposed on the work area on the map. , a harvesting machine provided with a device for sending the count number.

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