JP7278783B2 - pipe organ - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pipe organ, which is a musical instrument, and more particularly to a small-sized pipe organ that can be used at home.

When we think of the pipe organ, we think of the huge instruments installed in chapels and music halls, but in recent years, along with the boom in classical music, the demand for small pipe organs that can be installed in homes has gradually increased. there is In order to reduce the size of the pipe organ, the pedal keyboard has been omitted and only the manual keyboard has been used, the flute pipe has been closed and shortened, and the connecting mechanism between the keyboard and the pallet has been simplified.

Such a pipe organ with only a small manual keyboard is called a positive organ, and on page 127 of Non-Patent Document 1, an example of a basic structural cross section around the chest of a positive organ is illustrated. FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of the bass side around the chest of a more practical conventional pipe organ with only manual keyboards, based on an example of the structural cross-section. FIG. 6 is an external view of the chest and surroundings of the pipe organ. The scale is adjusted appropriately for easy viewing, and the front row pipe on the bass side is removed.

5 and 6, 510 is a chest. 511 is a pallet box into which air from a blower is sent. 512 is a pallet, which is an airflow opening/closing valve. 513 is a pallet spring which gives the pallet 512 a closing force. 520 is a keyboard. A tracker pin 514 is a connecting mechanism for pushing the pallet 512 open when the keyboard 520 is pressed. A tone channel 515 is a groove through which air flows when the pallet 512 is opened.

530 is a fundamental flute pipe, ie, an 8-foot tube, which produces the pitches of the musical notes. 540 is a 4-foot-pitch overtone pipe that sounds one octave above the notes on the chart. Harmonic pipe 540 is also a full pipe. An open pipe is used for the overtone pipe 540 . 518 is the top plate of the chest, on which the fundamental flute pipe 530 and the overtone pipe 540 are arranged. Reference numeral 516 denotes a slider for the fundamental flute pipe, which turns on and off the sound generation of the entire pipe row of the fundamental flute pipe 530 . Reference numeral 517 denotes a slider for overtone pipes, which turns on and off sound generation of the entire pipe row of overtone pipes 540 .

For the fundamental flute pipe 530, a closed pipe whose pipe length is about half that of an open pipe is used. However, since the effective length of the closed tube that is still required is only slightly shorter than 1/4 of the wavelength, the effective length of the fundamental flute pipe 530 is 1.25 m for the lowest note C of the keyboard (frequency 65.4 Hz, wavelength 5.2 m). In order to obtain a sufficient bass sound volume, the external cross-sectional size is generally as large as 8 to 10 cm in width and 10 to 12 cm in depth. Therefore, the fundamental flute pipes 530 must be arranged in many rows.

In this way, the fundamental flute pipe 530 is very large in the bass range and occupies a large space, which has been the greatest hindrance to miniaturization of the pipe organ. In order to solve this problem, a method of substituting electronic sound for the low frequency sound of the fundamental flute pipe and omitting the large fundamental flute pipe has been put to practical use in some cases. However, in the case of a real flute pipe, the depth and speed of the keyboard touch can be controlled to change the sound quality at the start of the sound, whereas with the electronic sound, the pronunciation is simple regardless of the keyboard touch. It can only be turned on or off, and cannot change the sound quality at the start of sounding. As a result, there is a problem that the musical expressiveness of the pipe organ is poor.

By the way, Patent Document 1 discloses a reed organ in which the entire reed row as a sounding body is housed in a sound insulation box, and the sound of the reeds in the sound insulation box is picked up by one microphone and amplified by a speaker. there is If this conventional technology is applied to a pipe organ, it will be possible to reduce the size of the actual fundamental flute pipe itself.

FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a conventional pipe organ on the bass side around the chest, which is miniaturized by applying the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. Fig. 8 is an external image of the chest and surroundings of a conventional pipe organ that has been made smaller.

7 and 8, 610 is a chest, 611 is a pallet box, 612 is a pallet, 613 is a pallet spring, 614 is a tracker pin, 615 is a tone channel, 618 is a chest top plate, 640 is a harmonic pipe, and 616 is a fundamental tone. A flute pipe slider, 617 a harmonic pipe slider, and 520 a keyboard.

7 and 8, in which the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is applied to reduce the size of the conventional pipe organ, a closed pipe is also used for the fundamental flute pipe 630 of the low frequency range, and this cross-section It is made smaller by narrowing the shape, and the entire low range of a plurality of fundamental flute pipes 630 is covered with a sound insulation box 650. - 特許庁A microphone 660 is attached to one portion of the sound insulation box 650 to pick up sounds from a plurality of fundamental flute pipes 630 . A detection signal of the microphone 660 is amplified by the amplifier 670 and amplified by the speaker 680 . The sound insulation box 650 suppresses the feedback of the sound from the speaker 680 to the microphone 660, that is, blocks the sound to prevent howling from occurring. In addition, the sound insulation box 650 is configured so that the air flowing through the fundamental flute pipe 630 can be discharged.

According to the conventional pipe organ which is designed to be miniaturized in this way, even if the fundamental flute pipe 630 becomes thin and the bass volume becomes small, the loudspeaker 680 expands the bass volume of the fundamental flute pipe 630. , the fundamental flute pipe 630 can be thinned. Therefore, since the space occupied by the fundamental flute pipe 630 of the bass range is reduced, it is expected that the size of the pipe organ can be reduced.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-156922

Wolfgang Adelung, Einfuhrung in den Orgelbau, Breitkopf & Hartel, Wiesbaden, 1982

7 and 8, however, the sound insulation box 650 is additionally required in the conventional pipe organ intended for miniaturization. There is a problem that it is difficult to significantly reduce the size. Also, since standing waves are generated inside the sound insulation box 650, sounds of some specific frequencies are strengthened or weakened. For this reason, the bass of the fundamental flute pipe 630 has a non-uniform sound pressure level depending on the scale and is picked up by the microphone 660, so that the bass of the fundamental flute pipe 630 is emitted by the speaker 680 with a non-uniform sound volume depending on the scale. There is also a problem that the sound quality of the pipe organ is degraded because the sound is amplified.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a pipe organ that can be greatly reduced in size while maintaining rich musical expressiveness and that does not deteriorate sound quality.

In order to achieve the above object, the pipe organ of the present invention comprises a microphone for detecting the sound pressure inside the resonator of the flute pipe only in the bass range from the lowest note of the keyboard to the predetermined note , and amplifies the detection signal of the microphone. An amplifier and a speaker driven by the amplifier are provided, and the speaker is configured to amplify at least the fundamental wave of the flue pipe of the low frequency range.

According to the pipe organ of the present invention, since the microphone can detect extremely high bass sound pressure inside the resonator of the flute pipe of the bass range, the flute pipe of the bass range can be operated without generating howling without providing a sound insulation box. Able to amplify low frequencies well. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the flue pipe in the bass range and not to require a sound insulation box. Therefore, it is possible to provide a pipe organ with no deterioration in sound quality.

1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; FIG. 4A is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing microphone positions in a sound pressure detection experiment of a flute pipe in the pipe organ according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG. 9A is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing microphone positions in a sound pressure detection experiment of a flute pipe in a pipe organ according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional pipe organ around a chest on the bass side; FIG. 4 is an external image diagram of the chest and surroundings of a conventional pipe organ. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bass side around a chest of a conventional pipe organ which is miniaturized by applying the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1; FIG. 10 is an external image diagram of the chest and surroundings of a conventional pipe organ that is miniaturized by applying the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
A configuration of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. FIG. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the configuration of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing microphone positions in a sound pressure detection experiment of a flute pipe in a pipe organ according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 110 is a chest, 111 is a pallet box, 112 is a pallet, 113 is a pallet spring, 114 is a tracker pin, 115 is a tone channel, 116 is a fundamental flute pipe slider, 117 is a harmonic pipe slider, and 118 is a chest. , 120 is a keyboard, and 140 is a harmonic overtone pipe, which are exactly the same as those of the conventional pipe organ shown in FIGS.

130 is a fundamental flute pipe, which uses an 8-foot closed tube and is made smaller by making it thinner. At the lowest note C (65.4 Hz) of the keyboard, the effective length is about 1.25 m, the internal cross-sectional dimensions are 3.5 cm wide and 4.5 cm deep, and the external cross-sectional dimensions are 5 cm wide and 6.5 cm deep. It is moderately thin. A microphone 160 is attached to a part of the resonator wall of the bass fundamental flute pipe 130 so as to detect the bass sound pressure inside the resonator. Microphone 160 is an ultra-small electret condenser microphone.

An amplifier 170 amplifies the detection signal of the microphone 160 . The output of amplifier 170 is approximately 15W. A speaker 180 is driven by the amplifier 170 . The speaker 180 amplifies the sound pressure of the bass sound of the fundamental flute pipe 130 . The speaker 180 is a speaker unit with a diameter of 10 cm housed in a speaker box of about 6 liters, and is arranged in the lower rear part of the chest 110 . Although not shown, the pipe organ as a whole is assembled so that the bass sound of the speaker 180 is radiated rearward from the bottom surface of the chest 110 . Thus, speaker 180 is configured to amplify at least the fundamental wave of the bass flute.

In the first embodiment, a total of 13 fundamental tone flute pipes 130 in the low frequency range from the lowest note C of the keyboard to one octave above are configured as described above. In other words, a microphone 160 is attached to each of the thirteen fundamental flute pipes 130 . All of the microphones 160 are attached slightly behind the center of the resonator of the fundamental flute pipe 130 in the longitudinal direction.

In the present invention, an experiment was conducted on the sound pressure detection position of the microphone, and a position was found that not only can detect significantly higher sound pressure than the conventional technique, but also has less noise. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 330 denotes a fundamental flute pipe, which is the same as the fundamental flute pipe of the lowest note C of the keyboard of the pipe organ of the first embodiment. 331 is a resonator. 332 is called a nucleus, which forms an air lead, which is an air flow, and corresponds to the open end of the resonator 331 . 333 is an air passage and a gap for forming an air lead. A mouthpiece 334 is 3.5 cm wide and 2 cm high. 335 is the upper lip and corresponds to the upper end of the mouthpiece 334 . A closed tube stopper 336 corresponds to the end of the closed tube of the resonator 331 . L is the total length from the core 332 to the stopper 336, that is, the effective length of the resonator 331, which is about 1.25 m.

In FIG. 3, 360 is a microphone having the same specification as that shown in FIG. A corresponds to the microphone mounting position in the pipe organ to which the prior art described in FIGS. 7 and 8 is applied, and is a position about 10 cm away from the mouthpiece. b is the closest distance of 2 cm in front of the center of the mouthpiece 334, which is the minimum distance at which so-called wind noise generated by the wind hitting the microphone does not occur. c is a position about 1 cm above the root of the mouthpiece 334;

d is the open end position inside the resonator 331 . l is the end position inside the resonator 331 . e to k are respective positions obtained by equally dividing the effective length L inside the resonator 331 by eight. For example, h corresponds to an intermediate point inside the resonator 331 . j corresponds to the position of the microphone 160 in the first embodiment.

Positions a, b, and c are located outside the mouthpiece 334 and detect sounds outside the resonator 331 . On the other hand, the positions from d to l are inside the mouthpiece 334 and detect the sound inside the resonator 331 .

Table 1 below shows the measurement results of the sound pressure detection level at each microphone position from a to l. It shows the relative sound pressure detection level at the microphone position. As a result of this experiment, it was found that an extremely high sound pressure detection level was obtained inside the resonator 331 . It was also found that the closer the position of the stopper 336 is, the higher the sound pressure detection level becomes. The sound pressure detection level at the position j corresponding to the microphone 160 in Embodiment 1 is about 54 dB higher than at the position a. The microphones 360 from a to l are not separate, but the same microphone is used to conduct experiments while changing the mounting position from a to l to eliminate errors in sound pressure detection sensitivity due to individual differences in microphones.

Here, let us consider the condition of the sound pressure detection position of the microphone, in which the sound insulation box 650 described in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be omitted. The sound insulation attenuation level in the low frequency range of the sound insulation box 650 configured to allow air to be discharged is about the same as that of a commercially available sound insulation box for portable generators configured to allow air to flow, and is around 10 dB. Also, by attaching a microphone 160 to each of the 13 fundamental flupipes 130, the total sensitivity level of all microphones is about 22 dB higher than that of a single microphone. Therefore, if a sound pressure detection level higher by about 32 dB (=10 dB+22 dB) than the sound pressure detection level of the microphones in FIGS. The bass of the pipe 130 can be fully amplified.

In Table 1, the sound pressure detection level at microphone positions d to l is about 35 to 55 dB higher than at microphone position a, exceeding the above condition of 32 dB. Therefore, by detecting the sound pressure inside the resonator with a microphone, it is possible to sufficiently amplify the bass sound of a large number of fundamental flute pipes without causing howling without providing a sound insulation box.

The sound pressure detection level at the microphone position c is about 24 dB higher than at a, but does not reach the above condition of 32 dB. In other words, with the conventional technique for detecting the sound pressure outside the resonator, it is not possible to sufficiently amplify the low frequencies of a large number of fundamental flute pipes without providing a sound insulation box and without causing howling.

If an attempt is made to detect as high a sound pressure as possible outside the resonator with microphone positions b and c, the microphone 360 will be in close proximity to the air lead ejected from the air passage 333, and noise from the air lead itself will be detected to be large. become. Therefore, the sound pressure signal detected by bringing the microphone 360 close to the mouthpiece 334 from the outside of the resonator contains a large amount of air-lead noise, resulting in a problem that the sound quality of the low-pitched sound of the detection signal is deteriorated.

On the other hand, when the sound pressure inside the resonator 331 is detected by the microphone 360, since the position of the microphone 360 can be separated from the air lead, large air lead noise is not detected. In other words, the inventors have found that detecting the sound pressure inside the resonator with a microphone not only provides an extremely high detection level, but also provides an excellent sound quality of the detected signal. In particular, if the position of the microphone 360 is set at a position further in the longitudinal direction than the mouthpiece of the resonator, that is, at a position from e to l, not only a higher sound pressure detection level than at the position d but also a higher air lead noise detection level can be obtained. It became lower and the sound quality of the detection signal became better.

Since the sound pressure detection level of the microphone 160 of the pipe organ of the first embodiment configured as described above is about 54 dB higher than that of the pipe organ to which the prior art is applied and which has been described with reference to FIGS. Even without it, it is possible to sufficiently amplify the bass of the multiple fundamental flute pipes 130 without causing howling.

The overall depth of the conventional pipe organ described in FIGS. 5 and 6 is about 55 cm, whereas the overall depth of the pipe organ shown in FIGS. It stopped at about 45 cm. On the other hand, the pipe organ according to the first embodiment can be greatly reduced in depth to about 35 cm.

As described above, according to the pipe organ of the first embodiment, since the microphone can detect extremely high bass sound pressure inside the resonator of the flute pipe in the bass range, no howling occurs even without providing a sound insulation box. The bass of the flute pipe in the low range can be amplified sufficiently. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the flue pipe in the bass range and not to require a sound insulation box. Therefore, it is possible to provide a pipe organ with no deterioration in sound quality.

(Embodiment 2)
A configuration of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a pipe organ according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing microphone positions in a sound pressure detection experiment of a flute pipe in a pipe organ according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

2, 210 is a chest, 211 is a pallet box, 212 is a pallet, 213 is a pallet spring, 214 is a tracker pin, 215 is a tone channel, 216 is a fundamental flute pipe slider, 217 is a harmonic pipe slider, and 218 is a chest. A top plate 220 is a keyboard, which are completely the same as those of the conventional pipe organ shown in FIGS.

Reference numeral 240 denotes a 4-foot-pitch overtone pipe. In the second embodiment, this is a semi-closed pipe, and the total length of the pipe is reduced to about half that of the open pipe of the first embodiment. The total length of the overtone pipe 240 at the lowest note C of the keyboard is about 65 cm.

In the second embodiment, the fundamental tone flute pipe 230, which corresponds to an 8-foot pipe, is made up of a Helmholtz resonator, resulting in a significant reduction in size. Its structure will be described in detail in FIG. 4, but the fundamental flute pipe 230 is cylindrical, and its size is about 65 cm in total length and about 4.5 cm in outer diameter at the lowest note C (65.4 Hz) of the keyboard. Ultra-compact.

A microphone 260 is mounted so as to detect the sound pressure of the bass sound inside the resonator through a hole provided in a part of the tube wall of the resonator of the fundamental tone flute pipe 230 of the bass range. A microphone 260 is the same ultra-compact electret condenser type microphone as used in the first embodiment.

An amplifier 270 amplifies the detection signal of the microphone 260 . A speaker 280 is driven by the amplifier 270 . That is, the speaker 280 amplifies the bass sound of the fundamental flute pipe 230 . The amplifier 270 and speaker 280 have the same specifications as those used in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, a total of 14 fundamental tone flute pipes 230 in the bass range from the lowest note C to the 13th note above the keyboard are configured as described above. In other words, a microphone 260 is attached to each of the total 14 fundamental flute pipes 230 . Both microphones 260 are attached to the bottom end of the resonator tube wall of the fundamental flute pipe 230 . The fundamental flute pipes for higher scales were constructed with closed pipes.

Also in the second embodiment, an experiment was conducted on the sound pressure detection position of the microphone, and a position was found that not only can detect significantly higher sound pressure than the conventional technique, but also has less noise. In FIG. 4, 430 is a fundamental flute pipe, which is the same as the fundamental flute pipe of the lowest note C of the keyboard of the pipe organ of the second embodiment. 431 is a Helmholtz resonator. A Helmholtz resonator is a resonator consisting of a body having a volume and a port coupled to the volume, the port of a Helmholtz resonator being commonly referred to as the neck or neck.

A body 437 has an inner diameter of about 4 cm and an inner length L of about 50 cm. 438 is a neck having an inner diameter of about 1.3 cm and a length of about 11 cm. A core 432 forms an air lead, which is an air flow, and corresponds to the open end of the Helmholtz resonator 431 . 433 is an air passage and a gap forming an air lead. 434 is a mouthpiece with a width of about 1 cm and a height of about 1.8 cm. 435 is the upper lip and corresponds to the upper end of the mouthpiece 434 . 436 is a stopper for the body 437 and corresponds to the end of the Helmholtz resonator 431 .

In other words, the fundamental flute pipe 430 of the second embodiment is configured as a flute pipe in which bass sound is produced by providing a mouthpiece at the open end of the neck of the Helmholtz resonator and sending air in the same manner as a normal bass organ pipe. It is what I did.

Assuming that the resonance frequency of the Helmholtz resonator is f, the internal volume of the body is V, the length of the neck is l, the cross-sectional area of the neck is S, and the speed of sound is c, f=c(S/Vl) ^1/2 /2π is an approximation Formula relation holds. Therefore, even if the body is made small, a low resonance frequency can be obtained by making the neck thin or long. Therefore, compared to closed-tube resonators, Helmholtz resonators can be made ultra-compact while maintaining the same bass resonance frequency.

In FIG. 4, 460 is a microphone having the same specification as that shown in FIG. m corresponds to the mounting position of the microphone in the pipe organ to which the prior art described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 is applied, and is a position about 10 cm away from the mouthpiece. n is the closest distance of 1 cm in front of the center of the mouthpiece 434, which is the minimum distance at which so-called wind noise, which is generated when the wind hits the microphone, does not occur. o is a position about 3 mm above the root of the mouthpiece 434;

p is the open end position inside the Helmholtz resonator 431 . x is the end position inside the Helmholtz resonator 431 . t to w are respective positions obtained by dividing the inner dimension length L of the body 437 into 5 equal parts. s and r are the positions of the ends of the body 437 opposite the terminal ends. r corresponds to the position of the microphone 460 in the second embodiment.

The positions of m, n, and o are outside the mouthpiece 434, and sound outside the Helmholtz resonator 431 is detected. On the other hand, the position from p to x is inside the mouthpiece 434, and the sound inside the Helmholtz resonator 431 is detected.

Table 2 below shows the measurement results of the sound pressure detection level at each microphone position from m to x. 4 shows the relative sound pressure detection level at the position. They also found that an extremely high sound pressure detection level can be obtained inside the Helmholtz resonator 431 . We also found that the change in the sound pressure detection level due to the position inside the body of the Helmholtz resonator is small. The sound pressure detection level at the position r corresponding to the microphone 460 in Embodiment 2 is about 60 dB higher than that at the position m corresponding to the prior art shown in FIGS. It should be noted that the microphones 460 from m to x are not separate microphones, but the same microphone was used to conduct the experiment while changing the mounting position from m to x to eliminate errors in sound pressure detection sensitivity due to individual differences in microphones.

Here, let us consider the condition of the sound pressure detection position of the microphone, in which the sound insulation box 650 described in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be omitted. The sound insulation attenuation level in the low frequency range of the sound insulation box 650 is around 10 dB as described above. Also, by attaching a microphone 260 to each of the 14 fundamental flupipes 230, the total sensitivity level of all microphones is about 23 dB higher than that of only one microphone. Therefore, if a sound pressure detection level higher by about 33 dB (=10 dB+23 dB) than the sound pressure detection level of the microphones in FIGS. 230 bass can be fully amplified.

In Table 2, the sound pressure detection level at the microphone position p to x is about 41 to 62 dB higher than at the microphone position m, exceeding the above condition of 33 dB. Therefore, by detecting the sound pressure inside the Helmholtz resonator with a microphone, it is possible to sufficiently amplify the bass sound of the fundamental flute pipe without causing howling without providing a sound insulation box.

The sound pressure detection level at the microphone position o is about 30 dB higher than that at m, but does not reach the above condition of 33 dB. In other words, with the conventional technique of detecting the sound pressure outside the Helmholtz resonator, it is not possible to sufficiently amplify the low frequencies of a large number of fundamental flute pipes without providing a sound insulation box and without causing howling.

Also, as in the first embodiment described above, if the position of the microphone 360 is set at a position further in the longitudinal direction than the mouthpiece of the Helmholtz resonator, that is, at a position q to x, the sound pressure detection level is higher than at the position p. In addition to this, the detection level of air lead noise was further reduced, and the sound quality of the detection signal was further improved.

The pipe organ of the second embodiment constructed as described above has a sound pressure detection level of the microphone 260 which is about 60 dB higher than that of the pipe organ to which the prior art is applied and which has been explained with reference to FIGS. Even without it, the bass sound of the fundamental flute pipe 230 can be sufficiently amplified without generating howling.

In the pipe organ of Embodiment 2, in addition to being able to reduce the overall depth to about 35 cm as in Embodiment 1, the height of the entire pipe organ is reduced by constructing the fundamental flute pipe 230 with a Helmholtz resonator. could be lowered significantly. The overall height of the conventional pipe organ described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 is approximately 145 cm. The height was about 150 cm. However, in the pipe organ of Embodiment 2, the total height can be greatly reduced to about 80 cm, and an ultra-compact pipe organ that can be easily installed in an ordinary room in an ordinary home has been realized.

As described above, according to the pipe organ of the second embodiment, since the microphone can detect extremely high bass sound pressure inside the resonator of the flute pipe in the bass range, no howling occurs even without providing a sound insulation box. The bass of the flute pipe in the low range can be amplified sufficiently. Furthermore, by constructing the fundamental flute pipe with a Helmholtz resonator, the length of the pipe can be greatly shortened. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the flue pipe in the bass range and eliminate the need for a sound insulation box. Since it does not occur, it is possible to provide a pipe organ with no sound quality deterioration.

It should be noted that Embodiments 1 and 2 merely show an example of a pipe organ having two stops, and the present invention can be applied to pipe organs of various specifications. For example, depending on the scale and keyboard range of the pipe organ, it goes without saying that the fundamental flute pipe may be a 16-foot pipe, a 4-foot pipe, or a 2-foot pipe. In addition, the type and number of overtone pipes vary depending on the pipe organ, and there are cases where lead pipes are used as well as flue pipes. There is also a pipe organ which has no overtone pipes and only a fundamental flute pipe and no stops. Also, the present invention can be applied to, for example, a 16-foot tube for a pedal keyboard of a pipe organ with a pedal keyboard.

Furthermore, it is also possible to combine the first and second embodiments. In other words, in the pipe organ of the second embodiment in which the fundamental flute pipe is composed of a Helmholtz resonator, the pipe organ can be further miniaturized by applying the first embodiment to the bass range of the overtone pipe.

In the first embodiment, the microphone 160 is configured to detect the sound pressure at a position slightly deeper than the center of the resonator of the fundamental flute pipe 130 in the longitudinal direction. and the sound pressure ratio of harmonics (harmonics) change.

For example, regarding the sound pressure distribution of the third harmonic inside the closed tube resonator, the sound pressure is maximized at the end position of the closed tube and the position 1/3 length from the open end of the closed tube, and the open end position and the open end of the closed tube The sound pressure is minimized at a position two-thirds of the length from . In addition, the sound pressure distribution of the 5th harmonic has the maximum sound pressure at the end position of the closed tube and the positions 1/5 and 3/5 length from the open end of the closed tube, and from the open end position of the closed tube and the open end The sound pressure is minimized at the 2/5 and 4/5 length positions.

That is, by adjusting the sound pressure detection position of the microphone, the balance between the fundamental wave and the harmonics of the detected sound pressure can be adjusted, so that the sound quality of amplified bass can be controlled. For example, in order to match the sound quality of the bass sound amplified by the fundamental flute pipe on the low frequency side and the sound quality of the fundamental flute pipe of the upper register that is not amplified, the ratio of the fundamental wave level and the harmonic level of both should be the same. The sound pressure detection position of the microphone should be selected such that

When the fundamental tone flute pipe 230 was composed of a Helmholtz resonator as in the second embodiment, the sound pressure of the fundamental wave was dominant at any position inside the body. However, when the length of the body of the Helmholtz resonator approaches 1/4 of the wavelength of the resonance frequency, a closed-tube resonator-like sound pressure distribution appears, and harmonic sound pressure distribution appears. In such a case, since the sound quality of the low sound of the detected sound pressure changes depending on the sound pressure detection position of the microphone 260, the sound pressure detection position should be adjusted so that the sound pressure of the low sound can be detected with the desired sound quality.

Further, although the fundamental flute pipe 130 is a closed pipe in the first embodiment, the present invention can be applied to other flute pipes such as an open pipe, a half-open pipe, and a conical pipe. For example, the present invention can be applied to open flute pipes in the low range when a pipe organ is desired to have an open-pipe timbre rather than a closed-pipe sound as the fundamental flute pipe, and at the same time, the size of the pipe organ is desired to be reduced.

In addition, although the Helmholtz resonator of the fundamental flute pipe 230 of the second embodiment is cylindrical, the shape of the body may be rectangular parallelepiped, spherical, bent, or other various shapes. Also, the neck of the Helmholtz resonator can have various shapes other than the cylindrical shape, such as a prismatic shape, a tapered cylindrical shape, and the like.

Further, with regard to the amplifiers of the first and second embodiments, it is preferable to perform electrical filtering according to the sound quality of the microphone detection signal. In addition to the bass fundamental wave component of the fundamental flute pipe, the microphone detection signal also contains harmonic components and noise components. By attenuating the sound, it is possible to amplify the bass sound with good sound quality. In short, it is important to sufficiently amplify the bass fundamental wave, and the levels of other signal components may be appropriately adjusted by electric filter processing of an amplifier or the like.

Further, in the first embodiment, the microphone 160 is attached so as to be fitted into a part of the tube wall of the resonator of the fundamental flute pipe 130, but the microphone may be arranged inside the resonator. Alternatively, as shown in the second embodiment, a hole may be made in the pipe wall and the sound pressure inside the resonator may be detected through the hole. Alternatively, it is possible to extend the tube through a hole in the tube wall and lead the sound pressure to a remote microphone. Also, the sound pressure inside the resonator may be detected from the stopper side of the resonator. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the sound pressure inside the resonator is not limited to being detected from the back side of the fundamental flute pipe, and needless to say, it may be detected from the front side or side. The point is that it is sufficient to detect the sound pressure inside the resonator, and various specific methods are conceivable. The same can be said for the second embodiment as well.

Also, in Embodiments 1 and 2, the speakers were placed behind the lower part of the chest. It does not matter if the speakers are placed in remote locations. For example, the speaker may be placed in a different location from the pipe organ body. In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the examples described above.

According to the present invention, since the microphone can detect extremely high bass sound pressure inside the resonator of the flute pipe of the bass range, the bass of the flute pipe of the bass range can be sufficiently reproduced without generating howling without providing a sound insulation box. can be amplified to Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the flue pipe in the bass range and not to require a sound insulation box. Therefore, it is possible to provide a pipe organ with no deterioration in sound quality.

Therefore, the present invention can be applied to all types of pipe organs, such as a small pipe organ with only a manual keyboard such as a positive organ, and a pipe organ with a pedal keyboard. The pipe organ of the present invention has extremely high practical value because it can be made smaller.

110 chest 111 palette box 112 palette 113 palette spring 114 tracker pin 115 tone channel 116 fundamental flute pipe slider 117 harmonic pipe slider 118 top plate 120 keyboard 130 fundamental flute pipe 140 harmonic pipe 160 microphone 170 amplifier 180 speaker 210 chest 211 pallet box 212 pallet 213 pallet spring 214 tracker pin 215 tone channel 216 fundamental flute pipe slider 217 harmonic pipe slider 218 top plate 220 keyboard 230 fundamental flute pipe 240 harmonic pipe 260 microphone 270 amplifier 280 speaker 330 fundamental flute pipe 331 resonator 33 2 nuclear 333 wind Path 334 Mouth 335 Upper Lip 336 Stopper 360 Microphone 430 Fundamental Flute Pipe 431 Helmholtz Resonator 432 Nucleus 433 Air Path 434 Mouth 435 Upper Lip 436 Stopper 437 Body 438 Neck 460 Microphone

Claims (3)

A microphone that detects the sound pressure inside a full-pipe resonator only in the bass range from the lowest note of the keyboard to the top of a predetermined note, an amplifier that amplifies the detection signal of the microphone, and a speaker driven by the amplifier, A pipe organ, wherein the speaker is configured to amplify at least the fundamental wave of the flute pipe of the low frequency range. 2. A pipe organ according to claim 1, wherein said flue pipe is composed of a Helmholtz resonator. 3. A pipe organ according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sound pressure detection position of the microphone is set at a position deeper in the longitudinal direction than the mouthpiece of the resonator.

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