JP7277618B2 - system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an interception device comprising a receiver for acquiring physiological variables measured inside the body and a high impedance interface.

Today, there is an increasing demand for invasive measurements of physiological variables. For example, when studying cardiovascular disease, it is highly desirable to obtain local measurements of blood pressure and blood flow as a means of assessing the subject's condition during the measurement. Accordingly, methods and instruments have been developed for placing and communicating with miniature sensors within a patient's body at the site where measurements are to be performed. Typically, a miniature sensor is placed at the end of a guidewire as is widely known in the art for use in connection with treatment of, for example, coronary artery disease.

The distal end of the guidewire is inserted into the patient's body, for example, into the opening of the femoral artery and positioned at the desired site. Once the guidewire is in place by the physician, the miniature sensor enables blood pressure and/or blood flow measurements. Blood pressure measurement is one method for diagnosing the severity of stenosis. Additionally, a suitable type of catheter can be guided over the guidewire. Balloon dilation can then be performed. When measuring peripheral blood pressure (P _d ), the sensor should be inserted into the blood vessel peripheral to the stenosis. For obvious reasons, the size of the sensor and guidewire is rather small, the diameter of the guidewire is usually 0.35 mm.

When diagnosing the severity of a stenosis in a hospital or clinic, a catheter with a first sensor is inserted into the patient proximal to the potential stenosis (usually visualized by fluoroscopy) . Connect the sensors to the central monitoring equipment via electrical leads. A central monitoring device used to monitor a patient's vital status, including blood pressure measured via a first sensor, is called a cath lab monitor. In stenosis, the blood vessel is narrower than normal and blood flow is impeded at the point of stenosis. When vascular narrowing is seen on an angiogram, it is recommended to measure the fractional coronary flow reserve (FFR) to determine the degree of blood pressure difference proximal and distal to the stenosis. there is

FFR is approximated by P _d /P _a . FFR is a measure of the pressure distal to the stenosis relative to the pressure proximal to the stenosis. Thus, FFR describes vascular blood flow in a stenosis relative to vascular blood flow in an assumed absence of stenosis. Other physiological parameters can also be measured and transmitted to the cath lab monitor. If the FFR measurements indicate that there is a large pressure drop across the vessel, then the patient should be treated by means of dilatation of the vessel, for example, with a balloon or stent, or by coronary artery bypass surgery.

The prior art separates the aortic blood pressure sensor from the patient and the cath lab monitor to measure peripheral blood pressure. A second sensor is then used to measure _Pd (described above). This second sensor is inserted into the patient distal to the potential stenosis. The second sensor and the first sensor are connected to a small, easy-to-use monitoring device with additional functionality. Therefore, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the pressure signal is connected to a small monitoring instrument 304 and then relayed to a cath lab monitor 305 .

This method has drawbacks. For example, when connecting a small monitoring device to a running system, the connector carrying the pressure signal to the cath lab monitor can be disconnected and reconnected to the cath lab monitor through the small monitoring device. become necessary. Furthermore, in addition to the apparent redundancy of the manual disconnection procedure, disconnecting the pressure signal connector means recalibrating the monitor, which is undesirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve, or at least mitigate, the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

According to the invention, the above object is achieved according to the invention with the features stated in claim 1 . Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

To this end, an interception device is provided for obtaining measured patient physiological variables. The eavesdropping device includes a receiver and a communication interface.

The interception device typically comprises a first sensor configured to be placed within the patient's body to measure aortic blood pressure P _a and a second sensor configured to measure peripheral blood pressure P _d . It is used in systems that include Additionally, the system includes a central monitoring device for monitoring the measured physiological variable, and communication between the sensor and the central monitoring device for communicating a signal indicative of the measured physiological variable from the sensor to the central monitoring device. including links.

The interception device is configured to place a communication interface on the communication link for communicating at least a signal indicative of the aortic blood pressure to a receiver of the interception device. Further, the interceptor receiver is configured to be connected to the communication link in parallel with the central monitoring equipment and to have at least one high impedance input. A signal indicative of the aortic pressure P _a is conveyed to the high impedance input via the communication interface. The eavesdropping device receiver is further configured to receive from the communication link a signal indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure _Pd . The blood pressure signal from each sensor can be used to calculate the FFR.

The invention is advantageous in that central monitoring equipment, for example so-called cath lab monitors, can be connected directly to the sensors using suitable connection means. After being connected, the sensors and central monitoring equipment are balanced. That is, the aortic and peripheral blood pressures are each zeroed so that accurate pressure reference levels are introduced into the measurement system. Once balanced, an intercepting device, for example a Radianalyzer®, is placed in parallel with the central monitoring equipment via a high impedance interface formed by the intercepting device's receiver and communication interface. Sensors can be connected to communication links that connect them to central monitoring equipment. That is, an interceptor can "listen" over the communication link and thus access and monitor the measured aortic blood pressure without significantly affecting the pressure signal. In the prior art, as soon as a second monitoring device is connected between the sensor and the central monitoring device, the connector carrying the pressure signal to the central monitoring device must be disconnected and connected to the second monitoring device. not. The pressure signal is then passed from the secondary monitoring equipment to the central monitoring equipment. This prior art procedure requires an additional balancing step. First, the sensors are balanced with the secondary monitoring equipment, and then the secondary monitoring equipment is balanced with the central monitoring equipment.

In embodiments, a communication link is arranged to transmit a signal indicative of the measured aortic pressure to a central monitoring instrument via a wired connection and to an interceptor via a wireless connection formed by the communication interface. do. A signal indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure is communicated to the central monitoring equipment using a wired or wireless channel and to the interceptor using a wireless channel, although a wired channel can of course also be used. Clearly, many combinations are possible. It is also conceivable to communicate one or both of the measured blood pressure signals to an interceptor using a wired connection.

The peripheral blood pressure signal is preferably transmitted to the interceptor using a wireless channel. On the other hand, transmission of the aortic blood pressure signal to the interceptor via a wired connection is still advantageous over the prior art, but transmission to the interceptor over a wireless channel is preferred to avoid additional cabling. It is desirable to

However, in any particular combination, the interception receivers are connected in parallel to the central monitoring equipment via the interception device's high impedance communication interface. Thus, by appropriately using wired and/or wireless channels, the central monitoring equipment can be connected and balanced to the two sensors. In addition, the interceptor is connected in parallel with the central monitoring equipment via a high impedance interface without affecting the transmitted aortic blood pressure signal. Therefore, these embodiments reduce the number of steps required, including calibration and reconnection of cables. By connecting the eavesdropping receiver in parallel with the central monitoring equipment via a high-impedance communication interface, obviously some problems in the prior art can be resolved.

In a further embodiment, a central monitoring device powers the communication interface. In a further embodiment, the communication interface comprises a battery for power supply. In yet another embodiment, the battery can be recharged from a central monitoring device.

In these embodiments, the user does not have to worry about the power of the communication interface and can easily connect the communication interface (wireless or wired) to the aortic sensor device and the central monitoring device using appropriate connectors. . From the user's point of view, the power supply is fully automatic. A more effective configuration is to preload the communication interface onto the sensor cable so that the user can simply and directly connect that cable to the central monitoring equipment while starting the measurement procedure.

A further advantage of wirelessly connecting the interceptor to the communication link in parallel with the central monitoring equipment is that no cables are required for the interceptor.

In addition, this patent specification may describe any number of method steps or actions.

Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon review of the appended claims and the following description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various features of the invention can be combined to produce embodiments other than those described below.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an exemplary sensor guide structure that can be used with the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art sensor device for measuring physiological variables within the body. FIG. 3 illustrates how prior art FFR measurements are made using the sensor instrumentation described in connection with FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the interception device of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the interception device of the invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the interception device of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the interception device of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a still additional embodiment of the interception device of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is well known in the prior art to attach sensors to guidewires and to place sensors through the guidewires within blood vessels of the body to detect physical parameters such as blood pressure or body temperature. Sensors include elements that directly or indirectly sense a parameter. A number of patents have been issued to the present assignee that describe various types of sensors for measuring physiological parameters. For example, temperature can be measured by observing the resistance of a conductor with a temperature sensing resistor, as described in US Pat. No. 6,615,067. Another exemplary sensor can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,167,763 and 6,615,667, in which blood flow exerts pressure on the sensor and the sensor produces a signal indicative of that pressure. out. All devices and methods described therein, including devices and methods for measuring physical parameters, are hereby incorporated by reference into these US patents.

one or more signal transmission cables for powering the sensors and transmitting signals indicative of the measured physiological variable to a control unit positioned outside the body and acting as an interface device; Connected to the sensor. Also, the cable is threaded along the guidewire for extraction from the vessel through the connector assembly to the external control unit. The control unit can be configured to perform the function of the signal converter described above, ie to convert the sensor signal to the format recognized by the ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994 standard. In addition, guidewires usually have a central metal wire (core wire) that serves as a support for the sensor.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary sensor attached to a guidewire, sensor guide structure 101 . For illustrative purposes, the sensor guide structure has been divided into five sections 102-106 in the figure. Portion 102 is the most distal portion, ie, the portion that is inserted furthest into the blood vessel. Part 106 is the most proximal part, ie the part located closest to the control unit (not shown). Portion 102 includes a radiopaque coil 108 made, for example, of platinum, with an arcuate tip 107 . A stainless steel solid metal wire 109 is also attached to the platinum coil and its tip. A metal wire within portion 102 forms a fine conical tip and serves as a safety wire for platinum coil 108 . As the metal wire 109 tapers gradually towards the arcuate tip 107 in the portion 102, the forward portion of the sensor guide structure becomes progressively softer.

At the transition between sections 102 and 103, the lower end of coil 108 is attached to wire 109 by glue, alternatively by soldering, to form joint 110. FIG. A thin outer tube 111 made of a biocompatible material such as polyimide, for example, begins at junction 110 and extends down its entire length to portion 106 . The outer tube 111 is treated so as to have a smooth outer surface with little friction against the sensor guide structure. The metal wire 109 is significantly widened at the portion 103 and in this widened portion a slot 112 is provided in which a sensor element 114, for example a pressure gauge, is arranged. Electrical energy is required for the sensor to work. The spreading of the metal wire 109 to which the sensor element 114 is attached reduces the stress on the sensor element 114 at sharp bends in the blood vessel.

A signal transmission cable 116 is provided from the sensor element 114 and typically includes one or more electrical cables. A signal transmission cable 116 extends from the sensor element 114 under the portion 106 to an interface device (not shown) located outside the body. Voltage is supplied to the sensor via signal transmission cable 116 (or cables). A signal indicative of the measured physiological variable is also transmitted along signal transmission cable 116 . Metal wire 109 is substantially thinner at the beginning of portion 104 in order to obtain good flexibility of the front portion of the sensor guide structure. At the end of portion 104 and throughout portion 105, metal wire 109 is thicker to facilitate pushing sensor guide structure 101 into the vessel. At portion 106, the texture is made as rough as possible to facilitate handling of metal wire 109, and slot 120 is provided here to attach cable 116, for example, with an adhesive.

FIG. 2 schematically shows how the guide wire 201 as shown in FIG. 1 is used. Guidewire 201 is inserted into the femoral artery of patient 225 . The positions of guidewire 201 and sensor 214 within the body are indicated by dashed lines. Guide wire 201, and more particularly its electrical transmission cable 211, is also wire connected to cable 211 using any suitable connection means (not shown) such as alligator clip connectors or other known connectors. 226 to the control unit 222 . It is desirable to keep wire 226 as short as possible to facilitate handling of guidewire 201 . It is desirable to omit wires 226 so that control unit 222 is attached directly to cable 211 via a suitable connector. The control unit 222 supplies voltage to the circuit including the wire 226 , the cable 211 of the guidewire 201 and the sensor 214 . In addition, a signal indicative of the measured physiological variable is transmitted from sensor 214 to control unit 222 via cable 211 . Methods of introducing guidewire 201 are well known to those skilled in the art. A signal indicative of peripheral blood pressure measured by sensor 214 is communicated from control unit 222 to one or more monitoring devices, either by wireless communication or by a wired connection, and is ANSI/AAMI BP22. -1994 standard should be used.

The voltage supplied to the sensor from the control unit can be an alternating current (AC) or a direct current (DC) voltage. In general, when an AC voltage is applied, it is common to connect the sensor to a circuit containing a rectifier that converts the AC voltage to a DC voltage in order to drive the selected sensor to sense the physical parameter under investigation. is.

FIG. 3 illustrates how FFR measurements are made today using the sensors described in connection with FIGS. A first sensor 308 (not positioned within the patient) measures the aortic blood pressure P _a in a known manner. A second sensor 309 is inserted into the body of the patient 301 to measure the peripheral blood pressure _Pd . A communication link, including channel 302 for carrying peripheral blood pressure and channel 303 for carrying aortic blood pressure, is configured between the sensor and a second monitoring device 304, such as a Radianalyzer®. . It should be noted that, as is well known in the art, a Radianalyzer™ is used to analyze the data received from one or both sensors and then display the data to the user. The receiving functionality of the present invention can be associated with or incorporated into such units. From the second monitoring equipment 304, each channel is connected to a central monitoring equipment 305, also called cath lab monitor. One or both monitoring instruments use the two pressures as P _d /P _a to calculate the FFR. Now, as mentioned above, the prior art methods have drawbacks. Connecting a second miniature monitor to the active system involves disconnecting the connectors carrying pressure signals to the cath lab monitor and reconnecting these connectors to the cath lab monitor via the miniature monitor. need to connect. Furthermore, disconnecting the pressure signal connector represents recalibration of the monitoring equipment, which is an undesirable procedure. First, the secondary monitoring device 304 must be calibrated to the peripheral blood pressure channel 302 . The second monitoring device 304 must then be calibrated to the aortic blood pressure channel 303 . Finally, the secondary monitoring device 304 and the primary monitoring device 305 must be balanced, which involves zeroing both blood pressure channels 302, 303 extending between the monitoring devices. means. This amounts to a total of 4 calibration/balance steps.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention that mitigates the problems noted in the prior art. In FIG. 4, peripheral blood pressure channel 402 conveys signals measured within patient 401 by onboard sensor 409 to control unit 406 via a wired connection. Control unit 406 can perform signal conditioning (described below) to transmit peripheral blood pressure signals to interceptor 404 and central monitoring equipment 405 . In another embodiment, signal conditioning can be performed by interceptor 404 . (In such embodiments, the functionality of the control unit 406 is integrated into the interceptor. Thus, a channel 402 is connected from the patient to the interceptor and then from the interceptor to the central monitoring equipment 405. ). A suitable control unit is the connector for the sensor guide wire assembly, such as the female connector for the pressure wire(R), but other control units can also be used. Thus, a signal indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure is transmitted to interceptor receiver 404 and central monitoring equipment 405 using wired peripheral blood pressure channel 402 . In this particular embodiment, a signal indicative of aortic blood pressure as measured by an external sensor 408 is transmitted via wired channel 403 to both interceptor 404 and central monitoring equipment 405 . At a suitable location along the aortic channel 403 , for example at the input side of the central monitoring equipment 405 , the wireline communication interface 407 of the interceptor device is placed. The interception interface 407 transmits a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure to the interception receiver 404 . Interface 407 can be electrically attached to conductors within channel 403 via a high impedance device (eg, a resistor). Alternatively, interface 407 can sense electrical signals in channel 403 by sensing magnetic and/or electric fields near channel 403 produced by electrical signals passing through conductors in channel 403 . The interception interface 407 is arranged with a high impedance input so that the interception device does not affect the signals traveling on the aortic channel 403 . Thus, with the interception device of the present embodiment, no calibration of the intercepted signal is required, as only three calibration/balance steps are required. Furthermore, when the cath lab monitor is in operation, there is no need to disconnect any device in order to connect the intercept monitoring device (ie, typically the Radianalyzer™) to the central monitoring device (cath lab monitor). As can be seen in FIG. 4, interceptor 404 is connected in parallel with central monitoring equipment 405 in a communication link comprising peripheral channel 402 and aortic channel 403 . This makes the operation much easier for medical personnel.

A wired communication interface 407 is preferably pre-installed on a standard communication cable for connecting the aortic pressure sensor 408 to the central monitoring equipment 405 . Such cables and connectors are well known in the art, but can be designed to facilitate connection to such cables, e.g. by providing an assembly that includes a suitable connector and transmitter unit. is. In the latter case, the aortic channel 403 connector to central monitoring equipment 405 is disconnected and reconnected via the prepared assembly. Such a procedure would require reconnection of the cables but would not require a new calibration.

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention that mitigates the problems noted in the prior art. In FIG. 5, peripheral blood pressure channel 502 conveys signals measured within patient 501 by onboard sensor 509 to control unit 506 via a wired connection. Thus, a signal indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure is transmitted to interceptor receiver 504 and central monitoring equipment 505 using wired peripheral blood pressure channel 502 . In this particular embodiment, an external sensor 508 transmits a signal indicative of aortic blood pressure as measured to central monitoring equipment 505 via wired channel 503 . At a suitable location along the aortic channel 503, for example at the input side of the central monitoring equipment 505, the wireless communication interface 507 of the interceptor of the present invention is placed. A wireless interception interface 507 transmits a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure to a wireless-enabled interception receiver 504 . The interception interface 507 is configured with a high impedance input so that the interception does not affect the signals traveling on the aortic channel 503 . Thus, with the interception device of the present embodiment, no calibration of the intercepted signal is required, as only three calibration/balance steps are required. Moreover, when the cath lab monitor is in operation, no disconnection is required to connect the interceptor (ie, generally a Radianalyzer™) to the central monitoring equipment (the cath lab monitor). As can be seen in FIG. 5, intercept monitoring equipment 504 is connected in parallel with central monitoring equipment 505 to a communication link comprising peripheral channel 502 and aortic channel 503 . This makes the operation much easier for medical personnel.

FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the invention that alleviates the problems noted in the prior art. In FIG. 6, the peripheral blood pressure channel 602 carrying the signal measured by the onboard sensor 609 inside the patient 601 is wireless. This channel is enabled by control unit 606 to transmit in accordance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. A suitable control unit is that for a pressure wire Aeris®, but other control units may be used. Thus, a signal indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure is transmitted as wireless peripheral blood pressure over channel 602 to interceptor receiver 604 and central monitoring equipment 605 . At the same time, in this particular embodiment, external sensor 608 transmits a signal indicative of the aortic blood pressure measured via wired channel 603 to central monitoring equipment 605 . As can be seen from FIG. 6, the central monitoring equipment is adapted and wirelessly capable of communicating with the control unit 606, possibly using a dongle attached to the central monitoring equipment input. At a suitable location along the aortic channel 603, eg, at the input side of the central monitoring equipment 605, the wireless communication interface 607 of the interceptor of the present invention is placed. A wireless interception interface 607 transmits a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure to a wireless-enabled interception receiver 604 . Interface 607 for interception is configured with a high impedance input so that interception does not affect the signal traveling on aortic channel 603 . Thus, with the interception device of the present embodiment, no calibration of the intercepted signal is required, as only three calibration/balance steps are required. Furthermore, if the cath lab monitor is in operation, it is not necessary to disconnect any equipment in order to connect the interceptor (i.e. in general the Radianalyzer®) to the central monitoring equipment (cath lab monitor). 6, an interceptor receiver 604 is connected in parallel with a central monitoring instrument 605 in a communication link comprising a peripheral channel 602 and an aortic channel 603. This makes it very easy for medical personnel to operate. Become.

FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the invention that alleviates the problems mentioned in the prior art. In FIG. 7, the peripheral blood pressure channel 702 carrying the signal measured by the onboard sensor 709 inside the patient 701 is wireless. This channel is enabled by control unit 706 to transmit in accordance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. Thus, the wireless portion of peripheral blood pressure channel 702 is used to transmit signals indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure to interceptor receiver 704 and central monitoring equipment 705 . At the same time, in this particular embodiment, external sensor 708 transmits a signal indicative of the aortic blood pressure measured via wired channel 703 to central monitoring equipment 705 as well as to interceptor 704 . At a suitable location along the aortic channel 703 , for example at the input side of the central monitoring equipment 705 , the wireline communication interface 707 of the interception device is placed. The interception interface 707 transmits a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure to the interception receiver 704 . The interception interface 707 is arranged with a high impedance input so that the interception does not affect the signal traveling on the aortic channel 703 . Thus, with the interception device of the present embodiment, no calibration of the intercepted signal is required, as only three calibration/balance steps are required. Furthermore, when the cath lab monitor is in operation, no disconnection is required to connect the interceptor to the central monitoring equipment. As can be seen in FIG. 7, an interceptor receiver 704 is connected in parallel with a central monitoring instrument 705 in a communication link comprising peripheral channel 702 and aortic channel 703 . This makes the operation much easier for medical personnel.

In the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 4-7, the communication interface can be powered by a central monitoring device. Therefore, medical personnel can connect the cable on which the communication interface is located to the central monitoring equipment without having to worry about connecting an external power source to the communication interface. Alternatively, the communication interface is arranged with a battery for power supply. Additionally, the communication interface may be arranged with a rechargeable battery that can be charged by the central monitoring equipment.

FIG. 8 illustrates yet an additional embodiment of the present invention that alleviates the problems noted in the prior art. In FIG. 8, the peripheral blood pressure channel 802 carrying the signal measured by the onboard sensor 809 inside the patient 801 is wireless and enabled by the control unit 806 transmitting in accordance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. be. Thus, the wireless portion of peripheral blood pressure channel 802 is used to transmit signals indicative of the measured peripheral blood pressure to interceptor 804 and central monitoring equipment 805 . In certain embodiments, the wireless portion of aortic channel 803 is used to transmit signals indicative of aortic blood pressure as measured by external sensor 808 to interceptor 804 and central monitoring equipment 805 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel 803, the wireless communication interface 807 of the interceptor is placed. Wireless interception interface 807 transmits signals indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure to interceptor receiver 804 capable of wireless communication and to central monitoring equipment 805 also capable of wireless communication. Each of the eavesdropping receivers and the central monitoring equipment can be adapted for wireless communication with interface 807 for communication using dongles attached to their respective inputs. The interception interface 807 is provided with a high impedance input so that the interception does not affect the signal traveling on the aortic channel 803 . Thus, with the interception device of the present embodiment, there is no need to calibrate the intercepted signal, as again only three calibration/balance steps are required. Furthermore, as mentioned above, when the cath lab monitor is in operation, no equipment needs to be disconnected in order to connect the interceptor to the central monitoring equipment. As can be seen in FIG. 8, an interceptor receiver 804 is connected to a communication link comprising a peripheral channel 802 and an aortic channel 803, and a central monitoring equipment 805 is connected in parallel. This makes the operation much easier for medical personnel.

If the sensor inserted into the patient's body is incompatible with the communication standard used by the cath lab monitor or other equipment used in connection with the FFR measurement, as it is in practice today, the conversion The peripheral blood pressure signal is converted by a signal conversion unit located in the peripheral blood pressure channel of the communication link such that the received signal, ie the output of the signal conversion unit, complies with the communication standard used. This was mentioned above, but the standard used in this type of installation is typically ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. A signal conversion unit is usually provided in the guidewire connector.

Thus, to receive a measurement signal indicative of peripheral blood pressure, an intercepting receiver is typically connected to the signal conversion unit, either by wire or wirelessly. This requires calibration. In the case of aortic blood pressure, the intercepting receiver is connected to the aortic blood pressure channel of the communication link via a high impedance input to the interface for interception, whereby the intercepting receiver is connected to the aortic blood pressure channel. interception becomes possible. Interception does not require calibration.

In the future, if sensors inserted into the patient's body become compatible with the communication standards used by cath lab monitors and other equipment used in connection with FFR measurements, peripheral blood pressure The signal does not have to be converted by a signal conversion unit. In such cases, the interceptor can be connected to both the aortic and peripheral blood pressure channels via respective high impedance inputs, either by wired or wireless connections. . The receiver of the interception device is thus enabled to intercept the aortic blood pressure channel and the peripheral blood pressure channel. Again, interception does not require calibration. With such a configuration, the interceptor of the present invention would require only two calibration steps, the peripheral blood pressure channel and the aortic blood pressure channel to the central monitoring equipment.

Although we have described certain exemplary embodiments of the invention, many different alterations, modifications and the like will become apparent to those skilled in the art. The described embodiments therefore do not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

an aortic pressure sensor configured to measure an individual's aortic pressure and to provide a sensor signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure;
a peripheral sensor configured to measure a parameter in the individual's blood vessel and provide a signal indicative of the measured parameter;
a receiver configured to receive both (i) the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value measured by the aortic pressure sensor; and (ii) the signal indicative of the parameter measured by the peripheral sensor. a receiver having a display configured to display data based on at least the measured aortic blood pressure value and the measured parameter;
a communication interface that (i) receives a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure from the aortic pressure sensor via a wired connection between the aortic pressure sensor and the communication interface; and (ii) providing a signal indicative of said measured aortic blood pressure value to said monitoring device via a wired connection between said communication interface and a monitoring device; and (iii) via a wireless connection between said communication interface and said receiver. , a communication interface configured to transmit to the receiver a signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value;
A system with The communication interface is electrically attached to conductors in a wired aortic channel at a location between the aortic pressure sensor and the monitoring device without affecting signals traveling through the wired aortic channel. , wherein the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value is intercepted. The communication interface, at a location between the aortic pressure sensor and the monitoring device, includes a magnetic field and an electric field in the vicinity of the wired aortic channel generated by the signal passing through conductors of the wired aortic channel. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein sensing at least one is configured to intercept the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value without affecting the signal traveling through the wired aortic channel. system. a control unit that (i) receives the signal indicative of the measured parameter via a connection between the peripheral sensor and the control unit; and (ii) wirelessly between the control unit and the receiver. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to transmit said signal indicative of said measured parameter to said receiver via a connection. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication interface is preloaded on a standard communication cable forming a wired aortic channel connecting the aortic pressure sensor and the monitoring device. further comprising at least one standard communication cable forming a wired aortic channel connecting the aortic pressure sensor and the monitoring device, wherein the communication interface is connectable to the at least one standard communication cable; 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the aortic channel connector is detachable from the communication interface. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said communication interface has at least one battery for power supply. 8. The system of Claim 7, wherein the communication interface is configured such that the at least one battery is rechargeable via the monitoring device. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication interface is configured to be powered by the monitoring device. 5. The control unit of claim 4, wherein the control unit is further configured to transmit the signal indicative of the measured parameter to the monitoring device via a wireless connection between the control unit and the monitoring device. system. 5. The control unit of claim 4, wherein the control unit is further configured to transmit the signal indicative of the measured parameter to the monitoring device via a wired connection between the control unit and the monitoring device. system. The communication interface receives the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value from the aortic pressure sensor and transmits the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure value to the receiver without calibration. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to: 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the signal indicative of the measured parameter sent by the control unit to the monitoring device is in a format compliant with the ANSI/AAMI BP-22 standard. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal indicative of the measured aortic blood pressure is provided to the monitoring device without substantially affecting the measured aortic blood pressure value. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral sensor has a temperature sensing resistor and the parameter is temperature based on the resistance of the temperature sensing resistor.

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