JP7273282B2 - Non-oriented electrical steel sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet and a manufacturing method thereof.

In recent years, especially in the field of electrical equipment such as rotating machines, small and medium-sized transformers, and electrical components, there has been a global movement to conserve the global environment, represented by reductions in power consumption, energy consumption, and _CO2 emissions. Therefore, the demand for high efficiency and miniaturization of motors is increasing more and more. In such a social environment, it is an urgent issue to improve the performance of non-oriented electrical steel sheets used as core materials for motors.

For example, in the field of automobiles, non-oriented electrical steel sheets are used as motor cores for drive motors such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). There is an increasing demand for downsizing drive motors used in HEVs due to restrictions on installation space and reduction in fuel consumption due to weight reduction.

With the demand for miniaturization of drive motors, motors with high torque are required. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is required to further improve the magnetic flux density.
In addition, since there is a limit to the capacity of batteries that can be installed in automobiles, it is necessary to reduce energy loss in motors. Therefore, non-oriented electrical steel sheets are required to further reduce iron loss.

Further, conventionally, an electrical steel sheet may be used after undergoing additional heat treatment. "Stress Relief Annealing (SRA)" is known as a representative one. This is a heat treatment for finally removing unnecessary strain, because the strain that is unavoidably introduced into the steel plate by punching or the like when processing the steel plate as an electrical component particularly worsens the iron loss. This heat treatment is applied to a member (steel blank) cut out from a steel plate, or a motor core (for example, a stator core) in which members are laminated.

Against this background, in the technology of non-oriented electrical steel sheets, in order to improve the magnetic properties, not only the steel composition, but also the grain size and crystal orientation in the steel sheet, the control of the metal structure, the control of the precipitates, etc. Various efforts have been made (see Patent Documents 1 to 12, for example).

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a non-oriented electrical steel sheet containing 0.10% to 0.30% by mass of P and having a magnetic flux density of 1.70 T or more at B50.
Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose techniques for improving the magnetic properties by controlling the crystal orientation after cold rolling and recrystallization annealing by segregating the contained P at the grain boundaries before cold rolling. It is

In Patent Document 5, it has a specific chemical composition such as 0.1% < Si ≤ 2.0%, Al ≤ 1.0%, etc. in terms of mass%, and the finish hot rolling end temperature is 550 ° C. to 800 ° C. discloses a non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured under specific manufacturing conditions.

In Patent Documents 6 to 8, in mass%, Si has a specific chemical composition such as 0.05% to 4.0% (or 4.5%) and P ≤ 0.25%, and hot rolled A non-oriented electrical steel sheet with small in-plane anisotropy is disclosed which has improved magnetic properties in the 45° direction from the rolling direction by performing low-temperature hot rolling at a temperature of 500°C to 850°C.

Patent Documents 9 and 10 disclose a technique for avoiding deterioration of iron loss by slowing the heating rate of finish annealing to 40° C./sec because iron loss deteriorates when the heating rate of finish annealing is too fast. It is In Patent Document 10, when the heating rate of finish annealing is high, the magnetic flux density becomes unstable, so in particular, appropriate heating in each temperature range of 600 ° C. to 700 ° C. and 700 ° C. to 760 ° C. Techniques have been disclosed for avoiding destabilization of flux density by selecting speed.

Patent Documents 11 and 12 disclose techniques related to semi-processed non-oriented electrical steel sheets. Semi-processed non-oriented electrical steel sheets are shipped in a state in which strain is applied to the steel sheets after recrystallization by finish annealing, and then heat treatment is performed by the steel sheet user to release the strain and obtain magnetic properties. It is.
In particular, Patent Document 11 indicates that it is effective to set the heating rate at the time of finish annealing to 5° C./sec to 40° C./sec. Further, Patent Document 12 discloses a technique for improving the magnetic properties for semi-processes by increasing the heating rate up to 740° C. to 100° C./sec or more.

When forming a motor core using the steel plates as described in Patent Documents 1 to 12, these steel plates are cut out from the steel plate and rotated as described in Patent Documents 13 and 14, for example. used as a laminated motor core.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-371340 JP 2012-036454 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-200756 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2016-211016 JP 2011-111658 A JP 2006-045613 A JP 2006-045641 A JP 2006-219692 A JP-A-11-124626 WO2016/136095 JP-A-03-223424 WO2014/129034 JP-A-2000-153319 JP-A-2000-094055

In the case of rotating and laminating members cut from a steel plate, the thickness accuracy and lamination factor when laminating in the lamination axis direction, the fluctuation of the magnetic characteristics around the lamination axis of the motor core after lamination, etc. being considered. However, it has been pointed out that in some cases, the characteristics of a motor core are not sufficiently improved even though steel sheets having good characteristics as a single steel plate are laminated.

In addition, while the stress relief annealing described above has the effect of releasing strain and improving core loss, it may also develop crystal orientations that are not favorable for magnetic properties, resulting in a decrease in magnetic flux density. Therefore, when particularly high magnetic properties are required, it is required to avoid a decrease in magnetic flux density during strain relief annealing.

By increasing the grain size before cold rolling and by segregating P at grain boundaries before cold rolling, the magnetic properties are improved, but the toughness is degraded, and fracture may occur during cold rolling. The problem was that there were many.

In this way, in the conventional technology, since the grain size is coarsened before cold rolling and the segregation element is added, the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet is deteriorated, and it often breaks during cold rolling. . Therefore, it has been demanded to improve the magnetic properties before and after the stress relief annealing without deteriorating the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties before and after stress relief annealing without degrading the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet, and a method for producing the same. .

In order to obtain a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties as described above, the present inventors have investigated the accumulation of orientations close to the {100} orientation, which is effective for improving the magnetic properties, without deteriorating the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet. We examined the conditions for improving the degree. Pursuing that condition, when the thickness of the steel plate is t, in the layer (hereinafter referred to as the surface layer) from the outermost surface of the steel plate to the part (1/4t part) at the position of 1/4t, {100} <049> It was found that increasing the degree of integration of the orientation has a strong correlation with the improvement of the magnetic properties, even considering the magnetic properties after stress relief annealing.

Then, the conditions for obtaining a steel sheet having this characteristic were examined in detail. As a result, in the final stand of finish hot rolling, reduction is performed at a temperature within a specific range, and the coil is rolled at 80 ° C. to 150 ° C. for each pass of cold rolling without coarsening the grain size before cold rolling. It has been found that a steel sheet having the above-mentioned magnetic properties can be obtained when the steel sheet is held for 1 to 10 minutes and then subjected to finish annealing.

Furthermore, from the viewpoint that the texture change in the surface layer is related to the shear deformation due to rolling, detailed research has been conducted on control by hot rolling conditions. As a result, finish hot rolling is performed in a specific temperature range, and hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed to increase the average grain size of the hot-rolled sheet to 50 to 100 μm, thereby increasing the degree of {100}<049> orientation accumulation in the surface layer of the steel sheet. It was confirmed that A grain size of 50 to 100 μm is a grain size that does not pose a problem for cold rolling.

That is, the present invention has been made based on these findings. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) In mass%, C: 0.0030% or less, Si: 0.01% to 3.50%, Al: 0.001% to 2.500%, Mn: 0.01% to 3.00% , P: 0.180% or less, S: 0.0030% or less, and the balance consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities. A non-oriented electrical steel sheet, wherein the degree of integration of {100}<049> orientations in the /4t part) is 6 or more and 30 or less .

(2) In the average magnetic flux density B50 averaged in the circumferential direction when excited with a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m, when the average magnetic flux density before stress relief annealing is BA and the average magnetic flux density after stress relief annealing is BB, strain The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to (1), wherein the ratio BB/BA of the average magnetic flux densities before and after pre-annealing is 0.970 or more.

(3) A method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet by subjecting a slab having the chemical composition described in (1) to hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, and finish annealing,
Finish rolling of the hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 500 to 800 ° C.,
And the hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed at 800 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less, and the average grain size after hot-rolled steel annealing is 50 to 100 μm,
Cold rolling is performed at a total cold rolling reduction of 75 to 95%,
Furthermore, the coil is held at 80 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 minute to 10 minutes for each pass of cold rolling ,
The finish annealing is performed at a soaking temperature of 800 to 1200 ° C. and a soaking time of 5 to 120 sec,
When the plate thickness after the finish annealing is t, the degree of integration of the {100} <049> orientation in the portion (1/4t part) at the position of 1/4t from the steel plate surface is 6 or more and 30 or less. A method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to (1) or (2).

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties even after being laminated as a motor core and after stress relief annealing of the motor core, and a method for producing the same.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the {100}<049> orientation density and the average magnetic flux density ratio BB/BA before and after stress relief annealing.

An example of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
In this specification, a numerical range represented by "-" means a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as lower and upper limits.

In this specification, for each orientation (for example, {100} <049> orientation), the Miller index in the normal direction of the rolled surface (rolled surface direction) and the direction parallel to the rolling direction (rolled in-plane direction) The azimuths within ±5° of each Miller index are considered to be the relevant azimuths.

<Non-oriented electrical steel sheet>
(Chemical composition)
The reasons for limiting the chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment will be described. In addition, "%" is "mass%" about the chemical composition of a steel plate.

The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is mass%, C: 0.0030% or less, Si: 0.01% to 3.50%, Al: 0.001% to 2.500%, Mn: It has a chemical composition containing 0.01% to 3.00%, P: 0.180% or less, S: 0.0030% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

(C: 0.0030% or less)
C is a component that increases iron loss and also causes magnetic aging, so the lower the C content, the better. Therefore, the content of C is set to 0.0030% or less. The upper limit of the C content is preferably 0.0025% or less, more preferably 0.0020% or less. Although the lower limit of the C content is not particularly limited, the C content is practically 0.0001% or more in consideration of industrial refining technology, and preferably 0.0005% or more in consideration of production costs.

(Si: 0.01% to 3.50%)
As the Si content increases, the magnetic flux density decreases. In addition, the hardness is increased and the punching workability is deteriorated. Furthermore, in the manufacturing process itself of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, workability such as cold rolling is lowered, resulting in an increase in cost. Therefore, the upper limit of the Si content is set to 3.50% or less. It is preferably 3.20% or less, more preferably 3.00% or less. On the other hand, Si has the effect of increasing the electric resistance of the steel sheet, reducing eddy current loss, and reducing iron loss. Therefore, the lower limit of the amount of Si is made 0.01% or more. It is preferably 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.50% or more, and still more preferably 1.00% or more.

(Al: 0.001% to 2.500%)
Al is inevitably contained in ores, refractories, etc., and is also used for deoxidation. Considering this, the lower limit is made 0.001% or more. Also, Al, like Si, is a component that acts to reduce iron loss by increasing electrical resistance and reducing eddy current loss. Therefore, Al may be contained at 0.200% or more. On the other hand, if the content of Al increases, the saturation magnetic flux density will decrease and the magnetic flux density will decrease, so the upper limit of the Al content is made 2.500% or less. Preferably, it is 2.000% or less.

(Mn: 0.01% to 3.00%)
Mn increases electrical resistance to reduce eddy current loss and suppresses precipitation of fine sulfides such as MnS that are harmful to grain growth. For these purposes, 0.01% or more of Mn is contained. Preferably it is 0.15% or more. However, when the Mn content increases, grain growth during annealing decreases and iron loss increases. Therefore, the upper limit of the Mn content is made 3.00% or less. It is preferably 2.50% or less, more preferably 2.00% or less.

(P: 0.180% or less)
P has the effect of increasing the strength without lowering the magnetic flux density. However, an excessive P content impairs the toughness of the steel, making the steel plate more likely to break. Therefore, the upper limit of the amount of P is set to 0.180%. It is preferably 0.150% or less, more preferably 0.120% or less. Although the lower limit of the amount of P is not particularly limited, it is 0.001% or more in consideration of manufacturing costs.
Even after lamination as a motor core and after strain relief annealing, the effect of having excellent magnetic properties (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "specific magnetic properties") can be obtained more effectively. The lower limit of the amount is preferably 0.021% or more, more preferably 0.041% or more, still more preferably 0.061% or more.

(S: 0.0030% or less)
Fine precipitation of sulfides such as MnS inhibits recrystallization and grain growth during final annealing, so S is made 0.0030% or less. A preferable upper limit of the S content is 0.0020% or less, more preferably 0.0015% or less. Although the lower limit of the S content is not particularly limited, the practical S content is 0.0001% or more in consideration of industrial refining technology, and 0.0005% or more in consideration of production costs.

(Fe and unavoidable impurity elements)
The balance of the steel sheet is Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. Here, the unavoidable impurity element refers to a component contained in the raw material or a component mixed in during the manufacturing process and not intentionally included in the steel sheet.

The above chemical composition is the composition of the steel that constitutes the steel plate. If the steel sheet used as the measurement sample has an insulating film or the like on the surface, the measurement is performed after removing this.
Examples of methods for removing the insulating film and the like from the non-oriented electrical steel sheet include the following methods.
First, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an insulating film or the like is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH: 10% by mass + H ₂ O: 90% by mass) at 80°C for 15 minutes. Then, it is immersed in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution (H ₂ SO ₄ : 10% by mass + H ₂ O: 90% by mass) at 80° C. for 3 minutes. After that, it is immersed in an aqueous nitric acid solution (HNO ₃ : 10% by mass + H ₂ O: 90% by mass) at room temperature (25° C.) for a little less than 1 minute for washing. Finally, dry with a hot air blower for less than 1 minute. As a result, a steel sheet from which the later-described insulating film has been removed can be obtained.

The content of each element in the steel sheet can be measured by, for example, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS method). Specifically, first, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet to be measured is prepared. A part of the electromagnetic steel sheet is cut into a facet shape and weighed, and this is used as a measurement sample. The sample for measurement is dissolved in acid to form an acid solution, the residue is collected by filter paper, separately dissolved in alkali or the like, and the melt is extracted with acid to form a solution. A solution for ICP-MS measurement can be obtained by mixing the solution and the acid solution and diluting the solution as necessary.

(Characteristics of crystal orientation)
In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the {100} <049> orientation concentration in the surface layer of the steel sheet surface to the 1/4t portion is 6 or more.
Since the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has the above properties, it has excellent magnetic properties even after stress relief annealing. This will be explained below.

It is an important feature of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present embodiment that the degree of {100}<049> orientation in the surface layer from the surface of the steel sheet to the 1/4t portion is 6 or more. The {100}<049> orientation is close to the {100}<011> orientation, and is also an orientation that enhances the in-plane anisotropy of the magnetic properties. For this reason, in a non-oriented electrical steel sheet characterized by small in-plane anisotropy of magnetic properties, this is the orientation in which accumulation is usually suppressed.
In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present embodiment, the {100}<049> orientation is set to 6 or more in the surface layer from the surface of the steel sheet to the 1/4t portion. It is preferably 8 or more, more preferably 10 or more. However, since the {100}<049> orientation is an orientation that strengthens the in-plane anisotropy as described above, it is better not to increase it excessively. In this respect, the upper limit of the degree of integration of the {100}<049> orientation is preferably 30 or less, preferably 25 or less.

The {100}<049> orientation is a crystal orientation that increases the in-plane anisotropy of the magnetic properties as described above. Therefore, conventionally, no technology has been developed to promote the formation of the {100}<049> orientation.
However, in the final stand of finish hot rolling, reduction is performed at a temperature within a specific range, and the grain size before cold rolling is not coarsened. It was found that excellent magnetic properties were obtained even after strain relief annealing when held for minutes to 10 minutes.

The reason why the {100}<049> orientation develops in the surface layer of the steel sheet from the surface of the steel sheet to the 1/4t portion under the above conditions is not clear, but is presumed as follows.
In general, the surface layer of a steel sheet undergoes deformation including a shear component during hot rolling and cold rolling. It has been known.

The special {100}<049> orientation of this surface layer makes it possible to uniformly reduce the average grain size before cold rolling to a small diameter of 50 to 100 μm in the thickness direction by performing finish hot rolling at a specific temperature. , and it is considered that the dislocations were generated by suppressing the movement of dislocations in each pass aging.

It is well known that increasing the {100} orientation is advantageous for magnetic properties. Conventionally, however, this orientation has been eroded by orientations such as {111}, which are not favorable for magnetic properties, during the grain growth process due to stress relief annealing, and sufficient accumulation has not been achieved. In contrast, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, {100}<049> orientation is formed, thereby suppressing the generation of orientations such as {111} that are not preferable for magnetic properties. Therefore, it is considered that the suppression of the {111} orientation, which eats into the {100} orientation, increases the degree of integration of the {100} orientation in the surface layer, and reduces the amount of magnetic flux density deterioration due to SRA.

Crystal orientation can be measured by the following method. A steel plate sample of about 30 mm×30 mm cut from a steel plate is subjected to mechanical polishing and chemical polishing to remove the surface layer from the steel plate surface on one side to 1/4t. Upon removal of this surface layer, test pieces for measurement are prepared by reducing the thickness until the 1/4t portion of the original steel plate becomes the surface.

The pole figures of the {200} plane, the {110} plane and the {211} plane of each test piece for measurement are measured by an X-ray diffractometer to create a crystal orientation distribution function ODF (Orientation Determination Function) in each layer. Based on this crystal orientation distribution function, the degree of integration of each orientation on the surface is obtained.

(Change in magnetic properties due to strain relief annealing)
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment suppresses the decrease in magnetic flux density that occurs during the growth of recrystallized grains even when additional heat treatment (stress relief annealing) is performed at a low heating rate. It is possible.
The average magnetic flux density of the steel sheet before the additional heat treatment is BA, and the heating rate is 100 ° C./hr, the maximum temperature is 800 ° C., and the holding time at 800 ° C. is 2 hours. Let BB be the average magnetic flux density of the steel plate, the ratio of BB to BA is BB/BA≧0.970. In the case of a material with a BB/BA of less than 0.970, the main orientation is the {111} orientation, which tends to cause abnormal grain growth in strain relief annealing (SRA). If the mixed grain structure is used, the characteristic variation in the motor core becomes large, so BB/BA is set to 0.970 or more. BB/BA is preferably 0.975 or more, more preferably 0.978 or more.
Although the upper limit of BB/BA is not specified in particular, it is also a target standard that there is no characteristic deterioration due to the additional heat treatment (that is, BB/BA=1.00). However, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present embodiment, the crystal orientation is preferably controlled in consideration of the change in the plate thickness direction, so the {100} orientation, which is a preferable orientation for magnetic properties, grows preferentially, BB/BA may exceed 1.00.
Here, the average magnetic flux densities BA and BB in the entire circumferential direction before and after the additional heat treatment are the rolling direction, the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and the average magnetic flux density B ₅₀ is obtained from the magnetic flux density when magnetized with a magnetizing force of 5000 A/m. Specifically, _B50 was measured in the direction along the rolling direction (0°), the direction perpendicular to the direction along the rolling direction (90°), and the direction along the rolling direction and inclined by 45° (45°). , is its average.

The conditions for the additional heat treatment that define the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment are the specific values of the heating rate, maximum temperature, and holding time as described above. This value is considered to be representative of the stress relief annealing conditions currently in practical use. When the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is used for additional heat treatment, the effect of suppressing the decrease in magnetic flux density due to the additional heat treatment is limited to this value for the heating rate, maximum temperature, and holding time. can be enjoyed within a wide range to some extent. For example, the conditions for the additional heat treatment under which specific magnetic properties can be confirmed include a heating rate of 30° C./hr to 500° C./hr, a maximum temperature of 750° C. to 850° C., and a holding time of 0.5 hours at 750° C. or higher. A range of up to 100 hours can be mentioned.

As described above, the steel sheet according to the present embodiment suppresses a decrease in the magnetic flux density even when the additional heat treatment (stress relief annealing) is performed, as compared to when the conventional steel sheet is stress relief annealed. The reason for this is not necessarily clear, but is considered as follows.

In conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheets, when grain growth is performed at a relatively low temperature by additional heat treatment at a low heating rate such as stress relief annealing, the , the growth of grains with other orientations (eg, {111}, {223}, etc.) predominates. These orientations especially grow by eating away the {100} orientation, so that the conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheet has a significantly reduced magnetic flux density.

On the other hand, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the temperature conditions for finish hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing conditions, and aging for each pass in cold rolling are controlled under specific conditions. As a result, the development of the {100}<049> orientation is promoted particularly in the surface layer of the steel plate surface to the 1/4t portion. When the degree of accumulation of this crystal orientation is 5 or less, there is no grain growth rate sufficient to consume the {111} orientation, but when the degree of accumulation becomes 6 or more, strain relief grain growth begins to consume the {111} orientation, As a result, the development of orientations such as {111} is suppressed. Therefore, when the degree of integration of the {100}<049> orientation is 6 or more, the growth of the orientation such as {111} does not become dominant in the grain growth by the additional heat treatment in the slow heating after the final annealing, and the magnetic flux density increases. It is presumed that the crystal grains having {100}<049> orientation which is advantageous for crystallization remain and grow to maintain high magnetic flux density.

The effect of such an additional heat treatment on the selectivity of grown grains is relatively high heating rate (for example, 10 ° C. (10 ° C./sec) or more), the crystals grown at a relatively low heating rate and low temperature for a long time (e.g., 1 Approximately 100° C. per hour (100° C./hr) or less, and the holding time in the temperature range of 550° C. to 750° C., which is relatively low as the temperature range where grain growth occurs, is 2 hours or more). becomes noticeable in some cases.

While the effect of preferred selection of crystal orientation on grain growth has been described above by an orientation change around 80 μm, this effect is e.g. The steel sheet does not lose the preferred orientation selectivity for further grain growth therefrom, for example 200 μm or more.
On the other hand, for example, in finish annealing (in rapid heating annealing), a steel sheet having a grain size of less than 20 μm, for example, a steel sheet in which a non-recrystallized structure remains, is grown to progress recrystallization and grain growth, for example, about 50 μm. Even in this case, the preferred azimuthal selectivity is not lost.

The thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment may be appropriately adjusted according to the application, and is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing, it is 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm. preferably 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm. In particular, from the viewpoint of the balance between magnetic properties and productivity, 0.15 mm to 0.35 mm is preferable.

Moreover, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment may have an insulating coating on the surface of the steel sheet. The insulating coating to be formed on the surface of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be selected from known ones according to the application. For example, the insulating coating may be either an organic coating or an inorganic coating. Examples of organic films include polyamine resins; acrylic resins; acrylic styrene resins; alkyd resins; polyester resins; silicone resins; fluorine resins; Resin etc. are mentioned. Examples of inorganic coatings include phosphate coatings, aluminum phosphate coatings, and the like. Furthermore, organic-inorganic composite films containing the above resins, and the like are included.
Although the thickness of the insulating film is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.05 μm to 2 μm as a film thickness per side.

<Manufacturing method of non-oriented electrical steel sheet>
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is obtained by controlling the temperature conditions and rolling conditions of finish hot rolling as described above. A preferable example of the method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is the following method.
An example of a preferred method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment will be described below.

One example of a suitable method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present embodiment is the chemical composition described above (in mass%, C: 0.0030% or less, Si: 0.01% to 3.50%, Al: 0 0.001% to 2.500%, Mn: 0.01% to 3.00%, P: 0.180% or less, S: 0.0030% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities) A hot rolling process (hot rolling process) for hot rolling (hot rolling), a hot rolled sheet annealing process for annealing the hot rolled steel sheet, and a cold rolling process (cold rolling) for further cold rolling (cold rolling) rolling step) and a finish annealing step of subjecting the cold-rolled steel sheet to finish annealing.
Then, the following conditions (a), (b), and (c) are satisfied.
(a) Hot rolling process: finish hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 500°C to 800°C.
(b) Hot-rolled sheet annealing step: Annealing is performed at 800° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower so that the average grain size before cold rolling is 50 to 100 μm.
(c) Cold rolling process: Hold the coil at 80° C. to 150° C. for 1 minute to 10 minutes for each pass.

By satisfying the three conditions (a), (b), and (c), after the finish annealing, the {100} <049> orientation in the surface layer of the steel sheet surface to 1/4t part has a degree of integration of 6 or more, resulting in SRA. It is possible to obtain the front and rear average magnetic flux density ratio BB/BA≧0.970.

In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained by the above manufacturing method, a steel sheet having a degree of integration of {100}<049> orientations in the surface layer of the steel sheet surface to 1/4t portion is 6 or more.

Each step in an example of a preferred manufacturing method will be collectively described below.

(Hot rolling process)
If the heating temperature of the slab before hot rolling is too low, the slab will not have sufficient hardness for rolling. The temperature is preferably 1000°C to 1300°C.

After the heated slab is subjected to rough hot rolling, finish rolling (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “finish hot rolling”) is performed. The temperature conditions for finish hot rolling are effective control factors for increasing the degree of accumulation of the {100}<049> orientation in the surface layer of a steel sheet that is further cold rolled after hot rolling and recrystallized by finish annealing. can be. For this purpose, the temperature of finish hot rolling should be 500°C to 800°C. From the standpoint of rollability, the final hot rolling temperature is preferably 550° C. or higher, more preferably 600° C. or higher. Also, it is preferably 750° C. or lower, more preferably 700° C. or lower.

The temperature of the finish hot rolling of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is generally about 850° C. to 950° C., and the temperature of the finish hot rolling is lowered as in the method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment. Therefore, the reason why the surface layer of the steel sheet exhibits a specific crystal orientation is not clear, but it is considered as follows. As described above, considering that it is caused by "shear deformation acting on the surface layer", a similar specific crystal orientation appears in the surface layer of the hot rolled steel sheet by lowering the rolling temperature in hot rolling. It can be inferred that the phenomenon is brought about. In particular, it is expected that the degree of accumulation of {211}<111> and {110}<012>, which are strengthened by shear deformation, is improved, and these orientations are the aggregates after hot-rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling and finish annealing. It is also a direction that affects an organization.

(Hot-rolled sheet annealing process)
Next, the hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing. If the annealing temperature is too low, the hot-rolled sheet will not recrystallize. If the grain size is too small, recrystallization of {111}<112> is promoted, especially if it is smaller than 50 μm. Therefore, it is desirable that the average crystal grain size be 50 μm or more and 100 μm or less. Therefore, the annealing temperature should be 800 to 1000°C.

(Cold rolling process)
Next, the hot rolled steel sheet is cold rolled. The draft of cold rolling is not particularly limited. As general conditions for cold rolling, the total reduction in the cold rolling process (total reduction in cold rolling) is 75% or more (preferably 80% or more) with respect to the steel plate after hot rolling. It is better to apply as much as possible. In particular, if a thin electrical steel sheet is used, the total rolling reduction can be 90% or more. The upper limit of the total rolling reduction in cold rolling is preferably 95% or less, considering production control such as the capacity of the rolling mill and plate thickness accuracy.
In non-oriented electrical steel sheets, cold-rolling pass aging is not normally performed, but as in the steel sheet manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, the aging temperature for each pass is 80 to 150 ° C. and the holding time is 1 to 10 minutes. By doing so, the degree of accumulation of {100}<049> is improved after finish annealing. This is related to {211}<111> and {110}<012> before cold rolling that appeared in hot rolling shear deformation. {100}<049> is thought to recrystallize from the {211}<111> and {110}<012> boundaries before cold rolling, and is usually eroded and accumulated in the other direction during grain growth. never. However, in the case of the present invention, since the amount of strain imparted to the boundary by aging per pass increases, the driving force for recrystallization in the boundary region is promoted, and it is presumed that the degree of {100}<049> accumulation is improved.

(Finish annealing process)
Next, finish annealing is applied to the steel sheet after cold rolling. Heating conditions in the finish annealing step are not particularly limited.
The soaking temperature for the finish annealing is preferably in the range of 800° C. to 1200° C. in order to obtain a sufficiently low core loss without the finish annealing. The lower limit temperature for soaking may be a temperature equal to or higher than the recrystallization temperature, but by setting it to 800° C. or higher, sufficient grain growth can occur and iron loss can be reduced. From the viewpoint of grain growth, the temperature is preferably 850° C. or higher.
In addition, if the crystal grains are grown by additional heat treatment by slow heating such as strain relief annealing, the iron loss after the additional heat treatment can be reduced. Even if the temperature is less than 800°C, which is not enough, there is no problem. In this case, the effect of avoiding deterioration of the magnetic flux density due to the additional heat treatment is remarkably exhibited. In this case, even if the non-recrystallized structure partially remains, it is possible to have the characteristic crystal orientation of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment, and the lower limit temperature is, for example, 640°C. The above are mentioned. A steel sheet having a fine crystal structure or a partially non-recrystallized structure by lowering the finish annealing temperature has high strength, and is also useful as a high-strength non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
On the other hand, the upper limit of the soaking temperature is preferably 1200° C. or lower, preferably 1050° C. or lower, in consideration of the load on the annealing furnace.

Also, the soaking time may be set in consideration of the grain size, core loss, magnetic flux density, strength, etc., for example, 5 seconds or more can be used as a guideline. On the other hand, if the time is 120 sec or less, grain growth becomes moderate. Therefore, the soaking time should be 5 sec to 120 sec. Within this range, for example, when grains are grown by additional heat treatment by slow heating, the crystal orientation that is effective in avoiding inferior magnetic properties tends to remain.

In order to obtain the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, in addition to the above steps, on the surface of the steel sheet (non-oriented electrical steel sheet) after the finish annealing process similar to the manufacturing process of the conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheet An insulating film forming step for providing an insulating film may be provided. As the conditions of the insulating film forming process, the same conditions as those of the conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufacturing process may be adopted.

The method for forming the insulating film is not particularly limited, but for example, an insulating film-forming composition is prepared by dissolving the above-mentioned resin or inorganic substance in a solvent, and the insulating film-forming composition is uniformly applied to the surface of the steel plate by a known method. An insulating film can be formed by applying to.

A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is obtained by the manufacturing method having the above steps.

According to this embodiment, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties can be obtained. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment can be suitably applied as various core materials for electrical equipment, particularly as core materials for motors such as rotating machines, small and medium-sized transformers, and electrical equipment.

<Example 1>
A slab having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was heated at 1150°C, subjected to rough hot rolling so as to have a thickness of 40 mm, and then subjected to finish hot rolling at the temperature (660°C) indicated by symbol C7 in Table 3. . Next, hot-rolled steel sheets were annealed under the conditions indicated by symbol C9 in Table 3 (annealing temperature: 880°C, average grain size after annealing: 75 µm), and the thickness of the steel sheets after cold rolling was all reduced to 0.35 mm. Cold rolling was applied at a rate of 75% or higher. Furthermore, aging was performed at the temperature and time (100° C., 1 minute) indicated by symbol C7 in Table 3 for each pass of cold rolling. The cold-rolled steel sheet was subjected to finish annealing at a soaking temperature (830° C.) indicated by symbol C7 in Table 3 for a soaking time of 30 sec to obtain a steel sheet.
The texture of the surface of the obtained steel sheet after finish annealing was observed according to the method described above, and the results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the average magnetic flux density B50 in the rolling direction, the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and the 45° direction before and after stress relief annealing was measured, and the average magnetic flux density ratio BB/BA before and after stress relief annealing was 0.970 or more was judged to pass.

Invention Examples B1 to B11, which correspond to the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present embodiment, average With respect to magnetic flux density _B50 , BB/BA is 0.970 or more, so it is understood that excellent magnetic properties are obtained even after strain relief annealing.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, BB/BA depends on the degree of integration of {100}<049>.

In Comparative Example b1, C was excessive and the amount of hot-rolling shear deformation was insufficient, so BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example b2, Si was insufficient and the amount of hot-rolling shear deformation was insufficient.

In Comparative Example b3, Si was excessive and cold rolling was difficult because Si affected the toughness.

In Comparative Example b4, since Mn, which affects the texture, was insufficient, the degree of accumulation of {100}<049> was low, and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example b5, grain growth due to SRA was promoted due to excess Mn, so BB/BA was less than 0.970.

For Comparative Example b6, P was excessive and P affected toughness, so cold rolling could not be performed.

In Comparative Example b7, S was excessive and precipitation of MnS made grain growth of the hot-rolled sheet difficult. .

In Comparative Example b8, Al was insufficient, and Al was low in {100}<049>, and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

As for Comparative Example b9, Al was excessive, and Al affected toughness, so cold rolling could not be performed.

<Example 2>
Inventive Examples C1 to C10 of the non-oriented electrical steel sheets produced in this embodiment are compared to Comparative Examples c1 to c8, which are outside the scope of this embodiment, in the rolling direction, the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and the average magnetic flux in the 45 ° direction. With respect to the density _B50 , the BB/BA is 0.970 or more, so it can be seen that the magnetic properties are excellent even after stress relief annealing.
In Comparative Example c1, the hot rolling start temperature was high and the hot rolling shear deformation amount was insufficient, so {100}<049> was low and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c2, the hot-rolling end temperature was low and the hot-rolling shear deformation amount was insufficient, so {100}<049> was low and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c3, since the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is too low, the average crystal grain size is as small as 50 μm or less, and the {111}<112> orientation preferentially recrystallizes and grains grow, so the {100}<049> is low. and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c4, the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature was too high, resulting in an average crystal grain size of 100 μm or more, and the {110}<001> orientation was preferentially recrystallized and grain growth, resulting in a decrease in {100}<049>. , BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c5, since the holding temperature for each pass aging was low, C was not sufficiently fixed to the dislocations, and {100}<049> was low, and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c6, since the holding temperature for each pass aging was high, {100}<049> decreased due to movement of dislocations fixed to C, and BB/BA became less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c7, since the holding time of aging for each pass was short, C was not sufficiently fixed to dislocations, and {100}<049> was low, and BB/BA was less than 0.970.

In Comparative Example c8, since the holding time of aging in each pass was long, the dislocations fixed to C moved, and {100}<049> decreased, and BB/BA became less than 0.970.

Claims (3)

in % by mass,
C: 0.0030% or less,
Si: 0.01% to 3.50%,
Al: 0.001% to 2.500%,
Mn: 0.01% to 3.00%,
P: 0.180% or less,
S: contains 0.0030% or less, the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and when the plate thickness is t, {100}<049> A non-oriented electrical steel sheet characterized by having an orientation integration degree of 6 or more and 30 or less . In the average magnetic flux density B50 averaged in the circumferential direction when excited with a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m, when the average magnetic flux density before stress relief annealing is BA and the average magnetic flux density after stress relief annealing is BB, before and after stress relief annealing The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the average magnetic flux density ratio BB/BA of is 0.970 or more. A method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet by subjecting a slab having the chemical composition according to claim 1 to hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, and finish annealing,
Finish rolling of the hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 500 to 800 ° C.,
And the hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed at 800 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less, and the average grain size after hot-rolled steel annealing is 50 to 100 μm,
Cold rolling is performed at a total cold rolling reduction of 75 to 95%,
Furthermore, the coil is held at 80 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 minute to 10 minutes for each pass of cold rolling ,
The finish annealing is performed at a soaking temperature of 800 to 1200 ° C. and a soaking time of 5 to 120 sec,
When the plate thickness after the finish annealing is t, the degree of integration of {100} <049> orientation in the portion (1/4t part) from the steel plate surface to 1/4t is 6 or more and 30 or less.
The method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

Images