JP7265886B2 - Existing frame removal method and existing structure improvement method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an existing skeleton removal method and an existing structure improvement method.

When dismantling a dilapidated existing structure, when creating a new opening in an existing structure, when joining a new structure to an existing structure, etc., the framework of the existing structure (existing framework) must be removed. There is As a method for removing the existing skeleton, there is a method in which the existing skeleton is divided into a plurality of blocks, and then the blocks are lifted by a lifting machine such as a crane and carried out (see Patent Document 1, for example). In order to carry out a block using a heavy lifting machine, it is necessary to secure a space for arranging an arm of the heavy lifting machine above the block. Therefore, when forming an opening that penetrates the existing frame sideways, or in a place where there is another frame above, such as indoors, it was not possible to carry out the block using a lifting machine.

Patent Literature 2 discloses a block removing device. The removal device of Patent Document 2 includes a rail extending from the lower side of the block to the front side, a holding and moving part fixed to the block and sliding on the rail, and one end attached to the rail, and a chain block with the other end attached to the holding movement. By using this removing device, by operating the chain block, the holding/moving part slides on the rail, and the block can be pulled out to the front side. However, in the block removing device of Patent Document 2, it takes time and effort to replace the rails for each block and to fix the holding and moving parts for each block. In addition, the blocks pulled out using the removal device need to be reloaded onto transportation means using another device (for example, a crane, etc.), which is time-consuming and costly.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-090136 JP-A-10-008741

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a method for removing an existing skeleton that makes it possible to easily remove at least a part of the existing skeleton using a minimum number of devices. and propose a method for improving the existing structure using this method for removing the existing frame.

A method for removing an existing skeleton according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems divides an existing skeleton into a plurality of concrete blocks, and carries out the concrete blocks. In this method for removing the existing skeleton, a cutting operation of cutting the existing skeleton to form the concrete blocks and an extracting operation of extracting the concrete blocks forward using a forklift are repeated to remove the plurality of concrete blocks. Before the extraction work, two holes corresponding to the claws of the forklift are formed in the concrete block, and in the extraction work, the forklift claws are colored in advance. A plurality of different markings prevent the concrete block from being pushed in, and the concrete block is pulled out after confirming that the insertion length necessary for lifting the concrete block is secured. According to this existing skeleton removal method, since the concrete blocks are extracted from the existing skeleton using a forklift, there is no need to replace the device for each concrete block, and a plurality of concrete blocks can be easily extracted. In addition, since the concrete blocks extracted from the existing frame can be reloaded onto the means of transportation using a forklift, there is no need to use a separate device for reloading. The forklift does not require a pedestal (pallet) or the like for placing the concrete block because the claws can be inserted into the holes formed in the concrete block.

In the method for removing an existing frame, the uppermost block, which is at least the uppermost concrete block among the plurality of concrete blocks divided in the height direction, removes the concrete blocks below the uppermost block. The uppermost block is pulled out after being pulled out, and the uppermost block is lowered by using a lifting lifter that supports the uppermost block from below, and then pulled out to the near side by the forklift. According to this method for removing the existing skeleton, the uppermost block is lowered by the lifting lifter and then extracted by the forklift, so that the concrete blocks located at a height where the claws of the forklift cannot be inserted can be carried out efficiently. If there is an obstacle such as a pillar on the front side of the concrete block, the concrete block can be moved laterally and pulled out to the front side.

Further, the existing structure improvement method of the present invention is for adding a new structure to an existing structure, comprising: an extension step of constructing the new structure adjacent to the existing structure; and a removing step of removing the existing wall of the existing structure facing the In the removal step, a cutting operation of cutting the existing wall to form a concrete block and an extraction operation of carrying out the concrete block are repeated. One hole is formed in the concrete block, and in the extraction work, a plurality of markings of different colors previously attached to the claws of the forklift prevent the concrete block from being pushed in and lift the concrete block. After confirming that the necessary insertion length is secured, the concrete block is pulled out. In the removal step, it is desirable to prevent dust, concrete pieces, and the like from flying into the existing structure by covering the existing structure side of the existing wall with a protective wall. According to this existing structure improvement method, since the concrete blocks are extracted using a forklift, it is not necessary to replace the apparatus for each concrete block, and a plurality of concrete blocks can be easily extracted. In addition, since the extracted concrete blocks can be reloaded onto a means of transport as they are by using a forklift, there is no need to use a separate device for reloading.

According to the existing skeleton removal method and the existing structure improvement method of the present invention, the concrete blocks are extracted from the existing skeleton using a forklift. can be done. As a result, it is possible to easily remove the existing frame that has been divided into a plurality of pieces using the minimum necessary equipment.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an existing structure and a new structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a figure which shows the removal condition of the 1st block in a removal process, Comprising: (a) is a front view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. (a) is a side view showing a forklift, and (b) is a front view showing a concrete block anti-slip. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the removal of concrete blocks from the general portion of the existing wall in the removal process, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view. FIG. 10A is a front view, and FIG. 1B is a vertical cross-sectional view showing how the uppermost block is removed from the general portion of the existing wall in the removal process. It is a figure which shows a raising/lowering lifter, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is an enlarged view of a wheel part. It is a figure which shows the installation condition of a raising/lowering lifter, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a state of removal of the post block of the existing wall in the removal process; FIG. 11 is a side view showing a curing state according to another embodiment;

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an existing structure improvement method for adding a new structure 2 to an existing structure 1 will be described. The existing structure 1 is a concrete underground structure and has a two-layer structure. The new structure 2 to be added to the existing structure 1 also has a two-layer concrete structure. The structures and the like of the existing structure 1 and the new structure 2 are not limited.
The existing structure improvement method includes an extension process of constructing a new structure 2 adjacent to the existing structure 1 and a removal process of removing the existing wall (existing skeleton) 11 of the existing structure 1 facing the new structure 2. and

In the extension process, the new structure 2 is constructed adjacent to the existing structure 1 and the end of the new structure 2 is connected to the existing structure 1 . The side of the new structure 2 on the side of the existing structure 1 has no walls and is open. A new pillar 21 is formed at the end of the new structure 2 on the existing structure 1 side.
In the removal step, the existing wall 11 of the existing structure 1 on the new structure 2 side is removed to connect the internal space of the existing structure 1 and the internal space of the new structure 2 . As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the existing wall 11 is removed by dividing the existing wall 11 into a plurality of concrete blocks 3 and carrying out each divided concrete block 3. FIG.

In the removal step, first, the surface of the existing wall 11 on the side of the existing structure 1 (opposite side of the new structure 2) is covered with the protective wall 4 (preparatory work). The protection wall 4 can prevent dust and the like generated in the removal process from scattering inside the existing structure 1 . If the protection wall 4 has a soundproofing function, it is possible to suppress the influence of noise during construction on the existing structure 1 side. In addition, the protection wall 4 may be installed as needed.

Next, a pair of holes (fork holes 31, 31) corresponding to the claws 51 of the forklift 5 are formed in the existing wall 11 (preparatory work). A pair of fork holes 31 , 31 are formed in the existing wall 11 at predetermined intervals so as to be formed in each concrete block 3 when the existing wall 11 is divided into a plurality of concrete blocks 3 . Also, the fork hole 31 is formed substantially horizontally so as to be orthogonal to the wall surface of the existing wall 11 . Moreover, the inner diameter of the fork hole 31 is set to a size that allows the claw 51 of the forklift 5 to be inserted thereinto. Note that the fork hole 31 does not necessarily have to be horizontal. Also, the cross-sectional shape of the fork hole 31 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be rectangular, for example. In the preparatory work, the shape and position of each concrete block 3 may be marked as required. In the present embodiment, a plurality of rows of concrete blocks 3 are formed on the general part of the existing wall 11 with four levels above and below, and five levels above and below the concrete blocks 3 (column back blocks 3a) are formed on the rear surface of the new column 21. do. Although the shape and dimensions of the concrete block 3 are not limited, it is formed so as to have a size (weight) that allows transportation by the forklift 5 . Moreover, the timing of forming the fork holes 31 is not limited, and it is not necessary to form all the fork holes 31 in advance as a preparatory work. For example, the fork holes 31 may be formed in each concrete block 3 when forming the concrete blocks 3 (when cutting the existing wall 11).

The removal process includes a cutting operation for cutting the existing wall 11 to form the concrete blocks 3 and an extracting operation for extracting the concrete blocks 3 toward the near side. By repeating this cutting work and extraction work, the existing wall 11 facing the new structure 2 is removed.
First, after the preparatory work, as shown in FIG. 2A, the existing wall 11 is drilled substantially horizontally to form the first block 3b (first cutting work). The core holes 32 formed by drilling are continuously formed so that parts of the core holes 32 overlap each other so as to surround the periphery of the concrete block 3 (first block 3b) to be extracted first, and are rectangular when viewed from the front. Form grooves of shape. In this embodiment, one of the concrete blocks 3 arranged in the second row from the top is the first block 3b. Note that the core hole 32 does not necessarily have to be horizontal. Also, the first block 3b does not necessarily have to be the concrete block 3 on the second stage from the top. In this embodiment, a plurality of core holes 32 are continuously formed along extension lines of the core holes 32 formed in the lower surface of the first block 3b. Note that the core hole 32 may be formed only around the first block 3b.

After forming the first block 3b, the first block 3b is extracted from the existing wall 11 by the forklift 5 (first extraction work). When extracting the first block 3b from the existing wall 11, the left and right claws (forks) 51, 51 of the forklift 5 are inserted into the pair of fork holes 31, 31, and the left and right claws 51, 51 are used to pull the first block 3b. is lifted, the forklift 5 is retreated (moved in a direction away from the existing wall 11), and the first block 3b is pulled out from the existing wall 11.例文帳に追加An opening is formed in the existing wall 11 by extracting the first block 3b.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3(a), the claw 51 of the forklift 5 is provided with a marking 52. As shown in FIG. The marking 52 is attached at a position that secures a distance larger than the thickness of the concrete block 3 (existing wall 11) from the tip of the nail 51. - 特許庁The markings 52 of this embodiment are displayed in three colors of blue, yellow, and red from the tip side of the claw 51 . The operator of the forklift 5 confirms that the claw 51 is inserted into the fork hole 31 with a sufficient length with respect to the concrete block 3 by the marking 52 . That is, if the claw 51 is inserted into the fork hole 31 up to the blue portion of the marking 52, the insertion length required to lift the concrete block 3 is ensured. Also, the operator operates the forklift 5 so as not to insert the claw 51 deeper than the red portion of the marking 52 . By doing so, it is possible to prevent the concrete block 3 from being pushed in by the forklift 5, and furthermore to prevent the concrete block 3 from falling to the back side of the existing wall 11.例文帳に追加In addition, the marking 52 shall be attached as needed.

Subsequently, a second cutting operation of cutting the general portion of the existing wall 11 (a portion other than the rear surface of the new column 21) to form the concrete block 3, and a second extraction of extracting the formed concrete block 3 from the existing wall 11. By repeating the removal work, the general part of the existing wall 11 is removed. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the concrete blocks 3 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction of the first block 3b (the second concrete block 3 from the top) are removed, and then 5(a) and (b), remove the concrete blocks 3 arranged below the removed concrete blocks 3 (the third and fourth concrete blocks 3 from the top). .

In the second cutting work, first, the concrete blocks 3 are formed by cutting the existing wall 11 using a wire saw. A wire saw is inserted into an opening formed by extracting the first block 3b. In addition, from the viewpoint of simplifying the labor when forming the concrete block 3, it is preferable to form the rectangular parallelepiped concrete block 3 by cutting the existing wall 11 vertically and horizontally. Since the opening is formed in the existing wall 11 by removing the first block 3b, the force acting on the wire saw when cutting the existing wall 11 with the wire saw is reduced. That is, since the force is released at the opening, the compressive force acting on the wire saw during cutting can be reduced.

After the concrete blocks 3 are formed, the concrete blocks 3 are carried out by the forklift 5 one by one. In addition, as shown in FIG.3(b), it is desirable to connect the concrete block 3 with another adjacent concrete block 3 by the temporary fixing jig 33. As shown in FIG. By connecting the adjacent concrete blocks 3 with a temporary fixing jig 33, the concrete blocks 3 can be prevented from falling even if some impact (for example, the contact of the forklift 5) acts on the concrete blocks 3. - 特許庁The temporary fixing jig 33 may be removed from the concrete block 3 after the claw 51 of the forklift 5 is inserted into the fork hole 31 . Note that the temporary fixing jig 33 may be installed as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 4(a), after removing the concrete block 3 on the second level from the top, the existing wall 11 is cut along the side surfaces of the concrete blocks 3 on the third and fourth levels from the top with a wire saw. do. After cutting in the longitudinal direction, the lower surface of the concrete block 3 to be removed is cut with a wire saw to form a concrete block. The method of cutting the concrete block 3 is not limited, and for example, the lower surface may be cut first.

After removing the second to fourth concrete blocks 3 from the top, as shown in FIGS. to remove. The uppermost block 3c is cut from the side surface with a wire saw and then cut from the top surface (third cutting operation). When cutting the upper surface of the uppermost block 3c, the uppermost block 3c is supported from the lower surface side by a lifting lifter 6 arranged in the space below the uppermost block 3c. The uppermost block 3c cut out from the existing wall 11 is lowered by the lifter 6 and then carried out by the forklift 5 (third extracting work).

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the lifting lifter 6 includes a carriage 61, a loading platform 62 disposed above the carriage 61, and a cloth interposed between the loading platform 62 and the loading platform 61. A link mechanism 63 and a jack 64 are provided. A carriage 61 supports a loading platform 62 via a cross link mechanism 63 . The truck 61 has a total of four wheels 65 on the front, rear, left, and right, and is configured to be able to travel. Wheels 65 run on rails 66 . The rail 66 is laid on the floor surface of the space from which the concrete blocks 3 of the existing wall 11 have been removed. The rail 66 is laid parallel to the wall surface of the existing wall 11 . The rail 66 has a grooved portion into which the wheel 65 can be inserted, as shown in FIG. 6(c). The wheels 65 are prevented from coming off the rails 66 by being inserted into the grooved portions of the rails 66 . That is, the carriage 61 moves linearly along the rail 66 without large left-right sway. Note that the rail 66 may be laid as required. The loading platform 62 is a pedestal for placing the concrete block 3 (uppermost block 3c). The loading platform 62 is supported by a cross link mechanism 63 so as to be able to move up and down. The cross link mechanism 63 is configured to extend and contract by combining a plurality of link members 67 . A jack 64 is installed in the cross link mechanism 63, and is expanded or folded as the jack 64 expands and contracts. Both ends of the jack 64 are attached to the upper and lower portions of the cross link mechanism 63, respectively. In addition, the structure of the raising/lowering lifter 6 is not limited.

As shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), the lifter 6 is used with the overturn prevention means 7 installed. In this embodiment, the lifting lifter 6 is used in a state in which a tensile force is applied from the front side (the left side in FIG. 7B) by the overturn prevention means 7 . The overturn prevention means 7 includes a wire rod 71 made of a wire or the like that is engaged with the loading platform 62 of the lifting lifter 6, an anchor 72 fixed to the floor surface on the front side of the lifting lifter 6, and a chain that connects the wire rod 71 and the anchor 72. block 73; The overturn prevention means 7 is configured to be adjustable in length by means of a chain block 73 . By changing the length of the fall prevention means 7 as the lifting lifter 6 (cargo bed 62) moves up and down, the tensile force applied to the lifting lifter 6 can be maintained.

After removing the uppermost block 3c and removing the general portion of the existing wall 11 is completed, as shown in FIG. The column back block 3a is first cut into blocks using a wire saw (fourth cutting work). The cutting of the post block 3a is performed in a state where a wire saw is hung from the space (side) formed by removing the concrete block 3 in the general part. In this embodiment, the concrete block 3 on the lower side is cut and carried out. After the concrete block 3 is formed, the concrete block 3 is laterally moved and pulled out from the rear surface of the new pillar 21.例文帳に追加The lateral movement of the column back block 3a is performed by winding a wire 42 or the like around the fork hole 31 of the column back block 3a and pulling the wire 42 using a pulling device such as a chain block. In addition, the lateral movement method of the post block 3a is not limited, and for example, it may be pushed using a jack or the like. The laterally moved column back block 3a is carried out using the forklift 5 (fourth unloading work).

The column back block 3a, which is placed at a height where the lifting lifter 6 can be inserted on the lower side, is cut with the lifting lifter 6 inserted on the lower side (fifth cutting work). Then, the loading platform 62 of the lifting lifter 6 is lowered, and the lifting lifter 6 is laterally moved to move from the rear surface of the new column 21.例文帳に追加Then, the forklift 5 is used to carry out the column back block 3a (fifth extracting work).

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the existing wall 11 formed at the boundary between the existing structure 1 and the new structure 2 is removed to form the new structure 2 that is continuous with the existing structure 1. can be done.
Since the concrete blocks 3 are pulled out from the existing wall 11 by using the forklift 5, there is no need to replace the device for each concrete block 3, and a plurality of concrete blocks 3 can be easily pulled out. In addition, since the extracted concrete blocks 3 can be reloaded as they are by using the forklift 5, there is no need to use a separate device for reloading. Further, since the claws 51 of the forklift 5 can be inserted into the fork holes 31 formed in the concrete blocks 3, a pedestal (pallet) or the like for placing the concrete blocks 3 is not required.

Further, since the uppermost block 3c is lowered by using the lifting lifter 6 after extracting the concrete blocks 3 below the uppermost block 3c, and then extracted by the forklift 5, it can be carried out efficiently. That is, when the mast of the claw 51 of the forklift 5 comes into contact with the existing structure 1 (for example, the ceiling), etc., the concrete block 3 at a position that cannot be directly removed by the forklift 5 can be efficiently carried out. It should be noted that the lifting lifter 6 is supported by the overturn prevention means 7, so that it does not overturn and is safe. Further, since the lifting lifter 6 moves along the rail 66, it does not move in an unexpected direction.
The column back block 3a, which cannot be carried out from the front side by the forklift 5 because it is on the back side of the newly installed column 21, can be carried out by the forklift 5 because it is laterally moved and extracted to the front side. If the lifting lifter 6 is used for lateral movement of the column back block 3a, the column back block 3a at a high position can be easily and safely removed.

Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the constituent elements described above can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case of removing an existing wall (existing wall 11) has been described, but the target object (existing skeleton) of the existing skeleton removal method is not limited to a wall. There may be.
In the above embodiment, the uppermost concrete block 3 is lowered by the lifting lifter 6, but the lifting lifter 6 may be used for concrete blocks 3 other than the uppermost concrete block 3.
Moreover, in the above-described embodiment, a wire saw is used to form the concrete block 3, but the cutting means for the existing wall 11 is not limited.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the protective wall 4 is installed on the back surface of the existing wall 11, but the curing method of the construction site is not limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a waterproof sheet 81 or a soundproof wall 82 may be installed on the back side of the existing wall 11 for curing. By doing so, it is possible to reduce splashing of water, noise, etc. when drilling holes (fork holes 31, core holes 32, etc.) in the existing wall 11 . The waterproof sheet 81 and the soundproof wall 82 may be supported by a temporary scaffolding 83, a temporary panel 84, and the like.

1 Existing structure 11 Existing wall (existing framework)
2 New structure 21 New pillar 3 Concrete block 31 Fork hole 32 Core hole 4 Protective wall 5 Forklift 51 Claw 6 Lifter

Claims (5)

A method for removing an existing skeleton by dividing an existing skeleton into a plurality of concrete blocks and carrying out the concrete blocks,
A step of carrying out a plurality of concrete blocks by repeating a cutting operation of cutting the existing skeleton to form the concrete blocks and an extraction operation of extracting the concrete blocks forward using a forklift,
Before the extraction work, two holes are formed in the concrete block corresponding to the claws of the forklift,
In the extraction work, a plurality of markings of different colors previously applied to the claws of the forklift prevent the concrete block from being pushed in and ensure the insertion length necessary to lift the concrete block. A method for removing an existing frame, characterized by extracting the concrete block after confirming that the concrete block is in place. At least the uppermost block, which is the concrete block positioned at the highest level among the multiple levels of concrete blocks divided in the height direction, shall be extracted after extracting the concrete blocks below the uppermost block,
2. The method for removing an existing skeleton according to claim 1, wherein the uppermost block is lowered by using an elevating lifter that supports the uppermost block from below, and then extracted forward by the forklift. . 3. The method for removing an existing building frame according to claim 1, wherein the concrete block is laterally moved and then pulled forward. An existing structure improvement method for adding a new structure to an existing structure,
an extension step of constructing the new structure adjacent to the existing structure;
a removal step of removing an existing wall of the existing structure facing the new structure;
In the removing step, a cutting operation of cutting the existing wall to form a concrete block and an extraction operation of carrying out the concrete block are repeated,
Before the extraction work, two holes corresponding to the claws of a forklift are formed in the concrete block,
In the extraction work, a plurality of markings of different colors previously applied to the claws of the forklift prevent the concrete block from being pushed in and ensure the insertion length necessary to lift the concrete block. A construction method for improving an existing structure, characterized by extracting the concrete block after confirming that it is 5. The existing structure improvement method according to claim 4, wherein in said removing step, said existing structure side of said existing wall is covered with a protection wall.

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