JP7260108B2 - Bolts, nuts, washers, and bolt-nut fastening structures - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to bolts, nuts, washers, and bolt-nut fastening structures used for fixing corrugated materials.

When assembling a corrugated pipe by connecting a plurality of corrugated sections formed by bending corrugated steel plates in a circular arc shape, the ends of the two corrugated sections are overlapped at the joint. The parts are connected by a bolt and nut fastening structure.

FIG. 15 shows a conventional bolt and nut fastening structure for connecting overlapping portions of the ends of two corrugated sections 50 (50a, 50b) by bolt and nut fastening. In the portion P, which is a convex portion when viewed from the upper side of the figure, the bolt 110A for the convex portion, the washer (square washer) 120A for the convex portion, and , and a standard nut (referring to a normal nut with a flat bearing surface) 140 for tightening. A corrugated section is sometimes simply called a section.
On the other hand, in the portion Q, which is a concave portion as viewed from the upper side of the figure, the bolt 110B for the concave portion, the washer 120B for the concave portion, the circular curved plate washer 30 common to the convex portion and the concave portion, and the normal It is tightened using the nut (hexagonal nut) 140 .
The curved plate washer 30 can be used in common by simply reversing (upside down) for the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion.

As shown in FIGS. 16(a) to 16(d), the bolt 110A for the convex portion has a bolt bearing surface (the bearing surface of the bolt head 111A (bolt head rear surface)) 111Aa which is simply the convex surface of the section 50 (direct , the convex surface of the curved plate washer 30) merely forms a downward concave surface along the depth direction.
As shown in FIGS. 17(a) to 17(d), the bolt 110B for the concave portion has the back surface 111Ba of the bolt head simply extending in the depth direction of the concave surface of the section 50 (directly, the concave surface of the curved plate washer 30). It merely forms a downward convex surface that only follows.

As shown in FIGS. 18(a) to 18(d), the washer 120A for the convex portion has an upper surface 121A which is simply an upward convex surface along the depth direction of the back surface (downward concave surface) of the section 50. Only.
As shown in FIGS. 19(a) to 19(d), the washer 120B for the concave portion has an upper surface 121B which is simply an upward concave surface along the depth direction of the back surface (downward convex surface) of the section 50. Only.

As described above, with respect to the bolts and washers, dedicated bolts 110A and 110B and dedicated washers 120A and 120B are used for the convex portion and the concave portion, respectively.

Patent Document 1 describes a bolt (flange bolt) for a corrugated sheet.
To explain using the reference numerals in Patent Document 1, this bolt 1 has a flange 4 provided integrally with the bolt head 2 on the shaft portion side of the bolt head 2, and the bearing surface 5 of this flange 4 is a corrugated surface. It is a ship bottom shape (just a downward convex curved surface) along.

JP 2000-274416

As described above, in the conventional bolt-nut fastening structure for connecting the ends of the corrugated section, which is a corrugated material with ridges and troughs, by bolt-nut fastening, bolts and washers are used for the corrugated section's convex surface. Dedicated bolts and washers are used for each concave surface.
Therefore, there are two types of combinations for assembling a corrugated pipe: a combination of a convex surface bolt and a convex surface washer, and a combination of a concave surface portion bolt and a concave surface washer.
Since there are two types of combinations of bolts and washers in this way, manufacturing, management after manufacturing, transportation to the construction site, etc. are troublesome work to avoid confusion. It is desirable to be able to work comfortably.
At the construction site, the parts for the convex part and the parts for the concave part are prepared in separate containers (such as buckets), and while confirming the installation location (convex part or concave part) of each, However, this on-site work is a complicated work that requires special care not to confuse the convex and concave parts, and it is easy to do. It is desirable to be able to work efficiently.

In the bolt of Patent Document 1, the bearing surface 5 of the flange 4 is simply formed into a ship bottom shape along the corrugated surface (simply a downwardly convex curved surface). Not related to the issue.

The present invention has been devised based on the above background. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bolt, nut, washer, and bolt-nut fastening structure of a shape that can be commonly used as a bolt or nut and a washer for a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion in the case of (1).

According to the invention of claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems, a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion extending straight in the X direction parallel to each other have ridges and troughs repeated in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt used by being inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in a convex or concave surface of a corrugated material,
The bolt bearing surface has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed in the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the bolt central axis, and is convex when viewed in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a convex curved surface portion forming a curved surface, the concave curved surface portion is formed so as to be in surface contact along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material, and the convex curved surface portion is formed along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material. The corrugated material is formed so as to be contactable so that it can be used by being inserted into both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.

The invention of claim 2 is a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction which is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A nut used with a bolt inserted through a bolt insertion hole opened in a convex or concave surface,
The nut bearing surface has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed in the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the nut central axis, and when viewed in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface, the concave curved surface portion is formed along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material so as to be in surface contact, and the convex curved surface portion is formed along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material. The corrugated member is characterized in that it is formed so as to be capable of surface contact so that it can be screwed with a bolt inserted through a bolt insertion hole formed in the convex surface and concave surface of the corrugated material.

The invention of claim 3 is a corrugated material having ridges and valleys, in which a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion extending straight in the X direction parallel to each other are repeated in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A washer used with a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in a concave portion or a concave portion and a nut screwed to the bolt,
The seat surface on the corrugated material side has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the center axis of the washer , and from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction It has a concave curved surface portion that forms a concave curved surface when viewed, the convex curved surface portion is formed to be in surface contact along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material, and the concave curved surface portion is formed on the concave surface portion of the corrugated material. It is characterized in that it is formed so as to be surface contactable along .

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the invention of claim 4 is
A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
A bolt according to claim 1 is passed through the bolt insertion hole of the corrugated material, and a normal nut having a flat bearing surface is screwed and fastened to the bolt with the washer according to claim 3 interposed.
Here, the term "ordinary nut" indicates a general nut having a flat bearing surface (this term is used to avoid confusion with the nut according to the present invention (dual-purpose nut)).

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the invention of claim 5 is
A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
A normal bolt having a flat bearing surface is inserted into the bolt insertion hole of the corrugated material, and a nut of claim 2 is screwed and fastened to the normal bolt with a washer of claim 3 interposed.
Here, the term "ordinary bolt" refers to a general bolt having a flat bolt bearing surface (the back surface of the bolt head) (to avoid confusion with the bolt according to the present invention (double-purpose bolt)). is the term used ).

(When applying to the double-layered part of the section: dual-purpose bolt and dual-purpose washer)
The bolt and nut fastening structure of the invention of claim 6 is
A convex surface or a concave surface in a superimposed portion of corrugated materials having ridges and valleys where a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction which is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in the part and a nut screwed to the bolt,
The bolt of claim 1 is inserted through the bolt insertion hole of the overlapped portion of the corrugated members, and a normal nut having a flat bearing surface is screwed and tightened with the washer of claim 3 interposed. do.

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the invention of claim 7 is
A convex surface or a concave surface in a superimposed portion of corrugated materials having ridges and valleys where a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction which is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in the part and a nut screwed to the bolt,
A normal bolt having a flat bearing surface is inserted into the bolt insertion hole of the overlapped portion of the corrugated materials, and a nut of claim 2 is screwed and tightened on the normal bolt with a washer of claim 3 interposed. It is characterized by

In the bolt and nut fastening structure of the eighth aspect of the invention, the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion extending straight in the X direction parallel to each other are repeated in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole formed in a convex or concave surface of a corrugated material and a nut screwed to the bolt,
A washer according to claim 3 is disposed on each of the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material in a posture corresponding to the convex surface portion or the concave surface portion, respectively, and the bearing surface is positioned in the bolt insertion hole. A flat normal bolt is inserted through one of the washers , and a normal nut with a flat bearing surface is screwed and tightened with the other washer interposed therebetween .

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the invention of claim 9 is
A corrugated material having ridges and troughs and a flat surface in contact with one side of the corrugated material, in which the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion extending parallel to each other in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction on the plane or perpendicular on the curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure in which a flat member having
A bolt according to claim 1 is inserted into each of the bolt insertion holes from the convex or concave surface side of the corrugated member and screwed into a normal nut having a flat bearing surface on the back side of the flat member. put together,
Alternatively, the nut according to claim 2 is arranged on the convex surface portion or concave surface portion of the corrugated material, and a normal bolt having a flat bearing surface is inserted into each of the bolt insertion holes from the back side of the flat member. It is characterized in that it is screwed and tightened with the nut of Item 2.

According to the bolt of the invention of claim 1,
Since the bolt bearing surface (back surface of the bolt head) has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane perpendicular to the bolt central axis,
In the case of corresponding to the convex surface portion of the corrugated material (in the case of the P portion in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 9)), the direction of the bolt (the direction around the central axis) is set in the X direction, so that the concave curved surface on the bolt seat surface The parts are in surface contact along the convex portion of the corrugated material.
On the other hand, since the bolt bearing surface has a convex curved surface portion that forms a convex curved surface when viewed from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction,
In the case of corresponding to the concave surface of the corrugated material (in the case of the Q part in Fig. 1 (see Fig. 10)), by changing the direction of the bolt (the direction around the central axis) by 90° to the Y direction, the bolt seat The convex curved surface portion of the surface is in surface contact along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.
Thus, according to the bolt of the present invention, by changing the direction around the central axis of the bolt by 90°, it can be used for both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.

According to the nut of the invention of claim 2,
Since the nut bearing surface has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed in the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the nut center axis (see FIGS. 11, 12 and 13), the convex surface of the corrugated material In the case of corresponding to the part, by setting the direction of the nut (the direction around the central axis) in the X direction, the concave curved surface portion of the nut seat surface is in a surface contact state along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material.
On the other hand, since the nut bearing surface also has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction (see FIGS. 11, 12, and 14),
In order to correspond to the concave surface of the corrugated material, by changing the direction of the nut (orientation around the center axis) by 90° to the Y direction, the convex curved surface portion of the nut bearing surface is a surface along the concave surface of the corrugated material. come into contact.
Thus, according to the nut of the present invention, by changing the orientation of the nut about the central axis by 90°, it can be used for both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.

According to the washer of the invention of claim 3,
Since it has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane perpendicular to the central axis of the washer,
When corresponding to the convex part of the corrugated material (concave part on the back side when viewed from the washer) (in the case of part P in Fig. 1 (see Fig. 9)), the direction of the washer (direction around the central axis) is the X direction. As a result, the convex curved surface portion of the corrugated member side surface (bearing surface) of the washer comes into surface contact along the concave curved surface of the back surface of the convex surface portion of the corrugated member.
On the other hand, since it also has a concave curved surface portion extending in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction,
In order to correspond to the concave surface of the corrugated material (the convex surface on the back side when viewed from the washer), the direction of the washer (the direction around the central axis) is set in the Y direction so that the concave curved surface portion of the washer becomes the back surface of the corrugated material. It becomes a surface contact state along the convex surface part of.
Thus, according to the washer of the present invention, by changing the orientation of the washer about the center axis by 90°, it can be used for both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.

According to the invention of claim 4, by using the bolt of claim 1 and the washer of claim 3, and by changing their orientation by 90°, it is possible to deal with both peaks and valleys of corrugated materials. A bolt and nut fastening structure can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 5, by using the nut of claim 2 and the washer of claim 3, and by changing their orientation by 90°, it is possible to deal with both peaks and valleys of corrugated materials. A bolt and nut fastening structure can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 6, it is applied to the overlapped portion of corrugated materials, and by using the bolt of claim 1 and the washer of claim 3, and changing their orientation by 90°. , a bolt and nut tightening structure can be obtained that can be applied to both crests and troughs with respect to the overlapped portion of the corrugated material.

According to the invention of claim 7, it is applied to the overlapping portion of corrugated materials, and by using the nut of claim 2 and the washer of claim 3, and by changing their orientation by 90°. , a bolt and nut tightening structure can be obtained that can be applied to both crests and troughs with respect to the overlapped portion of the corrugated material.

According to the invention of claim 8, the washer of claim 3 is arranged on the front surface side and the back surface side of each of the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material with different postures, that is, the washer of claim 3 having the same shape. By using only two washers, a bolt and nut fastening structure capable of coping with crests and troughs of a corrugated material can be obtained while using a normal bolt and a normal nut.

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, any one of the bolt of the first aspect, the nut of the second aspect, or the washer of the third aspect is used when joining a corrugated material to a flat member having a flat surface such as a flat steel or an angle steel. By forming one of them into a shape that can be used in common, it becomes possible to join the corrugated material to the flat member.

As described above, according to the bolt-nut fastening structure, the corrugated members can be joined together or the corrugated member and the flat member can be joined with common parts for the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated member. The bolt, nut, and washer of the present invention make it possible to implement such a bolt-nut fastening structure.
Therefore, in comparison with the conventional bolts and washers for the convex surface and the concave surface, respectively, the production of each part, the management after production, and the transportation to the construction site are greatly reduced. This eliminates the complexity of avoiding confusion in terms of surfaces and the like. In addition, in terms of construction site work, there is no need to confirm the installation location (convex or concave) or whether the part corresponds to that location, eliminating various complications to prevent confusion. Work becomes easier and work efficiency improves.

1 is a front view of an embodiment of a bolt and nut fastening structure applied to bolt joining of overlapped portions of corrugated sections (for example, corrugated sections curved in an arc shape), showing an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. The joining is called convex surface joining, and the joining at the Q portion is called concave surface joining. In addition, the directions X and Y perpendicular to the central axis of the bolt are shown in the upper left part of the drawing. 1, (A) is a front view of the bolt 10 in use of the part P in FIG. 1, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a bottom view, (D) ) is a left side view (corresponding to the front view of the Q portion in use in FIG. 1). (a) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2(a), (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB in (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken along line CC in (b). 1, (a) is a front view of the washer 20 in the use state of the part P in FIG. 1, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a bottom view, (d) ) is a left side view (corresponding to the front view of the Q portion in use in FIG. 1). (A) is a DD cross-sectional view in FIG. 4 (B) (however, it is oriented in the same direction (sideways) as FIG. 4 (D)), and (B) is a EE cross-sectional view in FIG. 4 (B). be. (a) is a perspective view of the washer 20 of FIG. 4 as seen from the upper side, and (b) is a perspective view of (a) as seen from the back side. FIG. 2 is a view showing a curved plate-shaped curved plate washer 30 which is the same component as the conventional one in FIG. Figure, (c) is a right side view, (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF of (b). A normal nut 140 with a flat bearing surface used in the bolt and nut fastening structure of the embodiment in FIG. , (d) is a left side view (however, (a) is shown upside down with respect to the nut 140 at the P portion of FIG. 1). Each fastening part of the bolt and nut fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. ) is a front view of the assembled parts, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is a left side view. Each fastening part in the bolt and nut fastening structure of one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. A) is a front view ( ) of the assembled state of the parts, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a bottom view, and (D) is a left side view. In place of the bolt-nut fastening structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, there is shown a nut 40 that also serves as an uneven surface portion of the present invention, which is used when a normal bolt is used as a bolt. , (b) is a plan view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is a left side view (the arrangement is shown corresponding to the arrangement of the normal nut 140 shown in FIG. 8). (a) is a GG cross-sectional view of the nut 40 also used as the uneven surface portion of FIG. 11 (b), and (b) is a HH cross-sectional view of (a). FIG. 11 is a view for explaining a bolt-nut fastening structure in which a normal bolt is used as a bolt and the nut 40 of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is used. It is shown in a state where other parts are assembled to the normal bolt (parts assembled state), (a) is a front view of the parts assembled state, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a bottom view (Fig. 9 (the left side view is omitted). FIG. 11 is a view for explaining a bolt-nut fastening structure in which a normal bolt is used as a bolt and the nut 44 of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is used. It shows the state in which other parts are assembled to a normal bolt (parts assembled state), (A) is a front view of the parts assembled state, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a bottom view ( A view corresponding to FIG. 10 (a left side view is omitted). FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a conventional example corresponding to FIG. 1, and is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure of the overlapped portion of the corrugated pipe. call. FIG. 15 shows the conventional bolt 101 dedicated to the convex surface portion (dedicated to P portion), where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is (b). It is an II sectional view. FIG. 15 shows the conventional bolt 111 dedicated to the concave portion (dedicated to Q portion), where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is (b). It is a JJ sectional view. FIG. 15 shows a conventional washer 102 dedicated to the convex surface portion (dedicated to P portion), where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a left side view, and (d) is (b). is a cross-sectional view of KK. FIG. 15 shows a conventional washer 112 dedicated to the concave surface portion (Q portion dedicated), where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a left side view, and (d) is (b). is a cross-sectional view taken along the line LL. Fig. 10, showing an embodiment of the invention of claim 8, is a front view of an embodiment of a bolt and nut fastening structure applied to bolt joining of overlapped portions of corrugated sections (for example, corrugated sections curved in an arc shape). FIG. 10, which shows an embodiment of the invention of claim 9, is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure for joining a corrugated member to a flat member using the bolt of the invention of claim 1. FIG. FIG. 10, which shows another embodiment of the invention of claim 9, is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure for joining a corrugated member to a flat member using the nut of the invention of claim 2. FIG. FIG. 10, which shows still another embodiment of the invention of claim 9, is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure for joining a corrugated member to a flat member using a washer of the invention of claim 3. FIG.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the form for implementing the bolt, nut, washer, and bolt nut fastening structure of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the bolt and nut fastening structure of the present invention. 1 is called convex surface bonding (convex surface viewed from the upper side of the figure), and bonding of the Q portion is referred to as concave surface bonding (concave surface viewed from the upper side of the figure). In addition, the directions X and Y perpendicular to the central axis of the bolt are shown in the upper left part of the drawing. It should be noted that the shapes of the parts 10, 20, 30, 140 shown in FIG. 1 do not strictly correspond to the drawings of the parts shown in FIG.

The bolt and nut fastening structure shown in FIG. 1 has a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction. This embodiment is applied to the convex or concave surface of the corrugated section (corrugated material) 50, and is applied to joining the overlapping portions of the ends of the two corrugated sections 50 (50a, 50b). be.
The corrugated section having peaks and valleys in which the convex portion and the concave portion are repeated in the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction on the plane refers to a planar corrugated section (corrugated sheet) used for corrugated fences and the like, and the convex portion A corrugated section having peaks and troughs in which the ridges and concave portions are repeated in the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction on the curved surface refers to an arc-shaped corrugated section used for corrugated pipes, corrugated aggregate pins, and the like.

The embodiment of FIG. 1 is the same as the conventional bolt 10, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and a washer (square washer in the embodiment), which is also used as an uneven surface, 20 which is an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses a circular plate-shaped curved plate washer 30 and a normal nut 140 that is the same as the conventional one.
The bolt 10 that also serves as the uneven surface portion is sometimes called a dual-purpose bolt 10 . In addition, the washer 20 that also serves as the uneven surface portion is sometimes referred to as a shared washer 20 .

2 and 3 show details of the dual-purpose bolt 10 in FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the bolt 10 when the P part of FIG. (equivalent to the front view in ). 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view of AA in FIG. 2 (a), (b) is a cross-sectional view of BB in FIG. 3 (a), and (c) is a cross-sectional view of CC in FIG. 3 (b). be.
As shown in the figure, this bolt 10 is
The bolt bearing surface (the back surface of the bolt head 11 (the surface on the shaft portion 13 side)) 12 is
It has a concave curved surface portion 12a forming a concave curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane perpendicular to the bolt central axis, and a convex curve forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a face portion 12b.

4, 5 and 6 show the details of the dual purpose washer 20 in FIG.
4 (a) is a front view of the washer 20 when the P part of FIG. (equivalent to the front view in ).
FIG. 5(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 4(b) (although the same orientation (sideways) as in FIG. 4(d)), and (b) is EE in FIG. 4(b). It is a sectional view.
FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view of the washer 20 of FIG. 4 as seen from above, and FIG. 6(b) is a perspective view of FIG. 6(a) as seen from the back side.
This washer 20 is, as illustrated,
The bearing surface on the corrugated material side (the surface on the corrugated material 50b side in FIG. 1) 22 is
It has a convex curved surface portion 22b forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the central axis of the washer, and a concave curve forming a concave curved surface when viewed from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a face portion 22a. A washer hole is indicated at 23 .
As shown in these figures, the washer 20 of this embodiment is a square washer in plan view so that the directionality of X and Y can be easily recognized, but a circular washer is not excluded.

The curved plate washer 30 is the same as the curved plate washer 30 described in FIG. 15, and as shown in FIGS. , can be used on both the convex and concave sides of the corrugated material 50 . 30a is a central hole.

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the convex portion P and the concave portion Q of the corrugated material 50 (50a, 50b) as viewed from above in FIG. 1 will be described.
The bolt and nut fastening structure of the embodiment includes, as described above, the dual-purpose bolt 10, the dual-purpose washer (square washer in the embodiment) 20, the circular plate-shaped curved plate washer 30 similar to the conventional one, and the normal nut 140 similar to the conventional one. is used to join the ends of the two corrugated materials 50a and 50b together. In order to compare the nut 40 of the present invention, which will be described later, with the normal nut 140, FIG. 143 is a screw hole.

The operation of joining the overlapped portions of the ends of the two corrugated members 50a and 50b is performed by inserting the curved plate washer 30 into a bolt insertion hole (not shown) formed in the convex or concave portion of the overlapped portion. 1 (from the convex surface side), the combined use bolt 10 is fitted into the shaft portion 13 of the combined use bolt 10, the combined use washer 20 is fitted, the normal nut 140 is screwed, and the normal nut 140 is turned and tightened. to join the ends together.
When assembling the corrugated pipe by connecting the arc-shaped corrugated sections 50, it is usually a joint work in which the lower side of FIG. 1 is the inside and the upper side of FIG. 1 is the outside.

In the above-described joining work between the ends of the corrugated material 50,
As described above, the bolt bearing surface 12 of the dual-purpose bolt 10 has the concave curved surface portion 12a that forms a concave curved surface when viewed from the X direction on the orthogonal plane perpendicular to the bolt central axis.
In the case of corresponding to the convex surface portion of the corrugated material 50 (in the case of the P portion in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 9)), the bolt seat surface 12 , the curved plate washer 30 intervenes, and the concave curved surface portion 12a comes into surface contact along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material 50. As shown in FIG. In this case, the curved plate washer 30 is fitted to the dual-purpose bolt 10 in a downwardly concave posture along the convex surface of the corrugated member 50 as shown in the drawing.
On the other hand, the bolt bearing surface 12 has a convex curved surface portion 12b that forms a convex curved surface when viewed from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction.
In the case of corresponding to the concave surface portion of the corrugated material 50 (in the case of the Q portion in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 10)), the direction of the dual-purpose bolt 10 (the direction around the central axis) is changed by 90° to the Y direction. , the convex curved surface portion 12b of the bolt seat surface 12 is in surface contact along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material with the curved plate washer 30 interposed therebetween. In this case, the curved plate washer 30 is fitted to the dual-purpose bolt 10 in a downwardly convex posture along the concave surface of the corrugated member 50 (a posture that is the reverse of the posture of the portion P when in use).
As described above, according to the dual-purpose bolt 10 of the present invention, by changing the direction around the central axis of the bolt by 90°, it can be used for both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material.

Moreover, as described above, the bearing surface (surface on the corrugated material side) 22 of the washer 20 has a convex curved surface portion 22b forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the X direction on the orthogonal plane orthogonal to the central axis of the washer. ,
When corresponding to the convex portion of the corrugated material (concave portion on the back side when viewed from the washer side) (in the case of the P portion in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 9)), the direction of the washer 20 (direction around the central axis) is the X direction. By doing so, the convex curved surface portion 22b of the seat surface 22 of the washer 20 comes into surface contact along the concave curved surface on the back surface of the convex surface portion of the corrugated material 50. As shown in FIG.
On the other hand, since it has the concave curved surface portion 22a that forms a concave curved surface when viewed from the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction, it corresponds to the concave surface portion of the corrugated material 50 (the convex surface portion on the back surface when viewed from the washer 20). By setting the orientation of the washer 20 (orientation around the central axis) in the Y direction, the concave curved surface portion 22a of the washer 20 comes into surface contact along the convex surface portion of the back surface of the corrugated member 50b.
As described above, the washer 20 of the present invention can be used for both the convex and concave portions of the corrugated material 50 by changing the orientation of the washer about the center axis by 90°.

As described above, the curved plate washer 30 and the normal nut 140 are originally common parts for the convex and concave portions of the corrugated member 50. Therefore, by using the dual-purpose bolt 10 and dual-purpose washer 20 of the present invention, the corrugated The corrugated members can be joined together with parts that are all common to the convex and concave portions of the member 50 .
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, with respect to the bolts and washers, in comparison with the conventional art in which dedicated bolts 110A and 110B and dedicated washers 120A and 120B are used for the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion, respectively, This eliminates the complexity of avoiding confusion in terms of manufacturing, management after manufacturing, transportation to the construction site, and the like.
In addition, in terms of on-site work during construction, there is no need to confirm the installation location (convex surface or concave surface) and confirm whether the part corresponds to that location, and various complications to prevent confusion are eliminated. is eliminated, work becomes easier, and work efficiency improves.

The concave curved surface portion and the convex curved surface portion of the bearing surface of the bolt 10 and the bearing surface of the washer 20 which are perpendicular to each other can be formed in various manners without being limited to the embodiment.
That is, if there is a convex curved surface portion when viewed from one of the X and Y directions that are orthogonal to the center axis of the seat surface (perpendicular on the plane or orthogonal on the curved surface), and if there is a concave curved surface portion when viewed from the other direction. Therefore, by forming a cylindrical surface on the part that will be the seat surface when viewed from one side and forming a concave curved surface when viewed from the other side perpendicular to the cylindrical surface portion, a convex curved surface when viewed from one orthogonal direction, A seat surface having a concave curved surface when viewed from the other direction is obtained. In this case, it is not necessary for the entire seat surface to be occupied by the convex curved surface and the concave curved surface, and it is sufficient that the convex curved surface portion and the concave curved surface portion are present. Further, the convex curved surface portion or the concave curved surface portion is not necessarily in wide surface contact with the concave surface portion or convex surface portion of the corrugated material, and may be in a form close to line contact.

11 and 12 show a nut 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention that can be used for both the convex and concave bolt and nut fastening structures of the corrugated material. 11A is a front view of the nut 40, FIG. 11B is a plan view, FIG. 11C is a bottom view, and FIG. 11D is a left side view. 12(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 11(b), and FIG. 12(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH of (a).
The dual-purpose nut 40 has a nut bearing surface 42 having a concave curved surface portion 42a forming a concave curved surface when viewed from the X direction in FIG. It has a convex curved surface portion 42b forming a convex curved surface as shown in FIG. A threaded hole is indicated at 43 .

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the bolt and nut fastening structure using this dual-purpose nut 40, the dual-purpose washer 20 described in FIGS. , but a normal bolt (a general bolt with a flat bolt bearing surface) 210 is used as the bolt.
When applying this dual-purpose nut 40 to the P part of FIG. 1, the combination shown in FIG. 13 is used, and when it is applied to the Q part of FIG.
That is, the common bolt 210 is inserted from the lower side in FIG. Then, the dual-use nut 40 is screwed together, and tightened by generally turning the bolt 210 side to join the ends of the corrugated material.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of the invention of claim 8, and is a front view of an embodiment of a bolt and nut fastening structure applied to bolt joining of overlapping portions of corrugated sections 50. FIG.
In this bolt and nut fastening structure, the washer 20 of the present invention described above is attached to each of the convex surface portion (P portion) and the concave surface portion (Q portion) of the corrugated material 50 on the front surface side and the back surface side, respectively. (with respect to front/back and 90° orientation) corresponding to the .
That is, the washer 20 on the back side of the convex portion (P portion) has the same arrangement as in FIG. (that is, the posture in which the washer 20 on the lower surface side of the concave portion (Q portion) is turned upside down).
Then, the normal bolt 110 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole with the washer 20 on the front side interposed, and the normal nut 140 is threaded through the washer 20 on the back side and tightened.
Thus, by using two washers 20 having the same shape, it is possible to obtain a bolt-nut fastening structure that can handle both peaks and valleys of the corrugated material 50 while using the normal bolt 110 and the normal nut 140. .

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of the invention of claim 9, which is a front view of a bolt and nut fastening structure for joining a corrugated member 50 to a flat member 150 having a flat surface using the bolt of the invention of claim 1. is. Flat members 150 may be flat bars, angle bars, or any other type of member.
This bolt and nut fastening structure has the bolt 10' of the present invention described above (the dashes (') are added to the convex surface (P portion) or concave surface portion (Q portion) of the corrugated material 50 because the lengths in the figure are different). ) is inserted into the bolt insertion hole of the corrugated member 50 and the bolt insertion hole of the flat member 150 from the convex or concave side, and is screwed into the normal nut 140 on the back side of the flat member 150 to fasten it. . 160 is a flat washer.
In this way, when the corrugated material 50 is joined to the flat member 150, the common bolt 10' is used with the orientation changed by 90° instead of using dedicated bolts for the convex and concave portions of the corrugated material 50. It can be tightened by
In addition, it is preferable to use a short bolt in the concave portion (Q portion).

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of the ninth aspect of the invention, and is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure for joining the corrugated member 50 to the flat member 150 using the nut of the second aspect of the invention.
In this bolt and nut fastening structure, the nut 40 of the present invention is arranged on the convex surface portion (P portion) or the concave surface portion (Q portion) of the corrugated member 50 with the curved plate washer 30 interposed therebetween, and the flat member 150 is arranged. A bolt 110 is normally inserted from the back side into the bolt insertion hole of the flat member 150 and the bolt insertion hole of the corrugated member 50, and screwed into the nut 40 for fastening.
In this way, when joining the corrugated material 50 to the flat member 150, a common nut 40 can be used with the orientation changed by 90° instead of using dedicated nuts for the convex and concave portions of the corrugated material 50. can be tightened with

FIG. 23 shows still another embodiment of the invention of claim 9, and is a front view of a bolt-nut fastening structure for joining a corrugated member 50 to a flat member 150 using a washer of the invention of claim 3. .
In this bolt-nut fastening structure, a normal bolt 110 is interposed in the convex portion (P portion) or the concave portion (Q portion) of the corrugated member 50, and the washer 20 of the present invention is interposed, and the bolt insertion hole of the corrugated member 50 is inserted. , and is screwed into the normal nut 140 through the bolt insertion hole of the flat member 150 to fasten it.
In this way, when joining the corrugated material 50 to the flat member 150, the common washer 20 can be used with the direction changed by 90° without using dedicated washers for the convex and concave portions of the corrugated material 50. can be tightened with

The bolt and nut fastening structure of the present invention is not limited to the case of joining overlapping portions of corrugated materials as in the embodiment, but for example, the case of attaching suspension bolts to corrugated materials installed as roofing materials, ceiling materials, etc. It can also be applied to fixing bolts to a single corrugated material.
The dual-purpose bolt, dual-purpose washer, or dual-purpose nut of the present invention may be manufactured by any of forging, casting, and cutting.
Although the bolts in the examples are hexagonal bolts, it is also possible to use hexagonal hole bolts.
Further, the target corrugated members and flat members are not necessarily made of metal plates, and may be made of plastic.

10, 10' bolt (common bolt)
11 bolt head 12 bolt seat surface 12a (bolt seat surface) concave curved surface portion 12b (bolt seat surface) convex curved surface portion 13 bolt shaft portion 20 washer (double-purpose washer)
22 (washer) seat surface 22a (washer seat surface) concave curved surface portion 22b (washer seat surface) convex curved surface portion 23 washer hole 30 curved plate washer 30a (curved plate washer) center hole 40 nut (double-purpose nut)
42 nut seat surface 42a (nut seat surface) concave curved surface portion 42b (nut seat surface) convex curved surface portion 43 screw hole 50 (50a, 50b) corrugated material (corrugated section)
110 (110A, 110B) Normal bolt (general bolt with a flat bolt bearing surface)
140 normal nut (general nut with flat bearing surface)
143 Screw hole 150 Flat member P part Concave surface part Q of corrugated material seen from above in FIG. 1 Concave part of corrugated material seen from above in FIG.

Claims (9)

A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt that is used by being inserted through an insertion hole,
The bolt bearing surface has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed in the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the bolt central axis, and is convex when viewed in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a convex curved surface portion forming a curved surface, the concave curved surface portion is formed so as to be in surface contact along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material, and the convex curved surface portion is formed along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material. A bolt having a structure in which it can be used by being inserted into both the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material by being formed so as to be contactable. A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A nut used with a bolt inserted through an insertion hole,
The nut bearing surface has a concave curved surface portion forming a concave curved surface when viewed in the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the nut central axis, and when viewed in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. It has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface, the concave curved surface portion is formed along the concave surface portion of the corrugated material so as to be in surface contact, and the convex curved surface portion is formed along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material. A nut having a structure capable of being screwed with a bolt inserted through a bolt insertion hole formed in a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion of the corrugated material by being formed so as to be capable of surface contact. A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A washer used with a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
The seat surface on the corrugated material side has a convex curved surface portion forming a convex curved surface when viewed from the X direction on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to the center axis of the washer , and from the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction It has a concave curved surface portion that forms a concave curved surface when viewed, the convex curved surface portion is formed to be in surface contact along the convex surface portion of the corrugated material, and the concave curved surface portion is formed on the concave surface portion of the corrugated material. A washer characterized in that it is formed so as to be surface contactable along . A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
A bolt nut characterized by inserting a bolt according to claim 1 into a bolt insertion hole of a corrugated material, and inserting a washer according to claim 3, and screwing and fastening a normal nut having a flat bearing surface to the bolt. fastening structure. A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
A bolt characterized by inserting a normal bolt having a flat bearing surface into a bolt insertion hole of a corrugated material, and screwing and tightening a nut according to claim 2 to the normal bolt with a washer according to claim 3 interposed. Nut fastening structure. A convex surface or a concave surface in a superimposed portion of corrugated materials having ridges and valleys where a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction which is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in the part and a nut screwed to the bolt,
The bolt of claim 1 is inserted through the bolt insertion hole of the overlapped portion of the corrugated members, and a normal nut having a flat bearing surface is screwed and tightened with the washer of claim 3 interposed. Bolt and nut fastening structure. A convex surface or a concave surface in a superimposed portion of corrugated materials having ridges and valleys where a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion which are parallel to each other and extend straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction which is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted into a bolt insertion hole opened in the part and a nut screwed to the bolt,
A normal bolt having a flat bearing surface is inserted into the bolt insertion hole of the overlapped portion of the corrugated materials, and a nut of claim 2 is screwed and tightened on the normal bolt with a washer of claim 3 interposed. A bolt and nut fastening structure characterized by: A bolt opened in a convex or concave portion of a corrugated material having ridges and valleys in which a convex portion and a concave portion that are parallel to each other and go straight in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction that is orthogonal to the X direction on a plane or orthogonal on a curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure using a bolt inserted through an insertion hole and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
A washer according to claim 3 is disposed on each of the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion of the corrugated material in a posture corresponding to the convex surface portion or the concave surface portion, respectively, and the bearing surface is positioned in the bolt insertion hole. A bolt and nut tightening characterized in that a flat ordinary bolt is inserted through one of the washers , and an ordinary nut having a flat bearing surface is screwed through the other washer and tightened. wearing structure. A corrugated material having ridges and troughs and a flat surface in contact with one side of the corrugated material, in which the convex surface portion and the concave surface portion extending parallel to each other in the X direction are repeated in the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction on the plane or perpendicular on the curved surface. A bolt and nut fastening structure in which a flat member having
A bolt according to claim 1 is inserted into each of the bolt insertion holes from the convex or concave surface side of the corrugated member and screwed into a normal nut having a flat bearing surface on the back side of the flat member. put together,
Alternatively, the nut according to claim 2 is arranged on the convex surface portion or concave surface portion of the corrugated material, and a normal bolt having a flat bearing surface is inserted into each of the bolt insertion holes from the back side of the flat member. A bolt and nut fastening structure characterized in that the nut of item 2 is screwed and fastened .

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