JP7257017B2 - cutting tools and harvesters - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cutting tool for cutting unnecessary parts of crops, and a harvester equipped with this cutting tool.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, for example, a harvester described in Patent Document 1 below is known.

This conventional harvester is provided with a digging conveyor device that digs up and conveys agricultural products from the front of the lower part of the machine body to the upper center part of the machine body. A sorting conveyor device for carrying out the sorting work is arranged so that the sorting work can be carried out on both sides of the sorting conveyor device in the transfer direction.

JP-A-5-168319

However, with the above-described conventional harvester, the operator performing the sorting operation must use both hands to remove unnecessary parts (for example, tails, vines, etc.) from crops such as sweet potatoes, which imposes a heavy burden on the operator. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting tool and a harvester that can reduce the burden on workers.

A cutting tool according to the present invention is a cutting tool for cutting unnecessary parts of crops dug up from a field, comprising a cutting tool body having a blade for cutting the unnecessary parts of the crops, and the cutting tool body. and attachment means for attachment to the attached portion. Also, a harvester according to the present invention is equipped with the cutting tool.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator.

1 is a front view of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. It is a side view of a cutting tool same as the above. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a cutting tool main body of the same cutting tool; (a) is a diagram showing a first state of the same cutting tool, and (b) is a diagram showing a second state of the same cutting tool. Fig. 2 is an overall side view of a harvester equipped with the same cutting tool; Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of a harvester equipped with the same cutting tool; FIG. 3 is an explanation view of the operation of the same cutting tool; It is a front view of a cutting tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of a cutting tool same as the above.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG.

First, in FIGS. 5 and 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a harvester. The harvester 1 is driven by a crawler 2, which is a traveling means, to move forward (in the direction of travel) across a field while storing crops W in a field in a storage container. It is a self-propelled harvester that harvests in a certain container K.

Crops W, which are harvested products, are root crops grown on the ridges of fields, ie sweet potatoes, for example. Since the crop (sweet potato) W after being dug up from the soil of the ridge of the field has longitudinal unnecessary parts (for example, tails, vines, etc.) Wa, workers (sorting workers) After cutting Wa, the crop W is put into the container K.

The harvester 1 is provided with a digging and conveying means 3 for digging up crops W in a field from the ground and conveying them obliquely rearward and upward. It is attached via the body 5. The digging and conveying means 3 includes a digging blade 6 for digging up crops W in a field, and an endless conveying body for dropping and removing the soil while conveying the crop W dug up by the digging blades 6. 7.

The harvester 1 also includes a sorting transport means 11 that receives the crop W from the excavating transport means 3 and transports it backward, and an operator (sorting It has left and right steps 12 on which a worker (worker) gets on, and a container support 13 for supporting a container K into which agricultural products W cut of unnecessary parts Wa are loaded and stored.

Steps 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the lower portion of the machine body 10, and workers on the steps 12 sort the agricultural products W on the sorting and conveying means 11. As shown in FIG. The machine body 10 is also provided with an engine (not shown) for driving the crawler 2 and the like, and an operation lever 14 and the like operated by a worker.

The sorting and conveying means 11 conveys an endless conveying belt 18 stretched over front and rear rollers 16 and 17 and an unnecessary portion Wa conveyed from the conveying end portion of the conveying belt 18 obliquely rearward and downward to a field. It has a chute 19 for dropping. A drive sprocket 20 is fixed to the axial end of the front roller 16, and a chain (not shown) is stretched over the drive sprocket 20. As shown in FIG.

The sorting transport means 11 also has a pair of left and right side plates 21 covering the sides of the transport belt 18 and a pair of left and right handrail members 22 attached to the side plates 21 . Each handrail member 22 is in the shape of a round bar having a longitudinal direction in the front-rear direction.

Each handrail member (mounted portion) 22 of the sorting and conveying means 11 is detachably provided with a cutting tool 23 for cutting the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W dug up from the field. That is, the cutting tools 23 (23a, 23b) used by the worker (sorting worker) on the step 12 to cut and remove the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W are provided on both sides of the sorting and conveying means 11 in the conveying direction. It is

Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cutting tool 23 consists of a cutting tool main body 31 for cutting the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W, and a cutting tool main body 31 for attaching the cutting tool main body 31 to the handrail member 22 of the sorting and conveying means 11. and mounting means 32 for

The cutting tool main body 31 has a blade portion 36 for cutting the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W, and a position (guide end position ), a body portion 38 to which the guide portion 37 is fixed, and a blade receiving portion 39 to which the guide portion 37 is fixed.

The body portion 38 includes a U-shaped frame 41 formed with a laterally elongated notch 40 opening to the side, a first plate 42 fixed to the upper portion of the U-shaped frame 41, and a U-shaped frame. It has a second plate 43 secured to the bottom of 41 . A first mounting hole 44 is formed through the upper portion of the U-shaped frame 41 and the first plate 42 in the front and rear surfaces, and a second mounting hole 45 is formed in the lower portion of the U-shaped frame 41 and the second plate 43. It is formed through the surface. A threaded hole 46 into which a mounting bolt (fixing bolt) 50 can be screwed is formed in substantially the central portion of the U-shaped frame 41 . Between the first plate 42 and the second plate 43, an inclined blade housing space 47 for housing the blade portion 36 is formed.

The blade portion 36 is composed of a cutting blade 51 that is releasably fixed to a rectangular plate-shaped blade receiving portion 39 by a fixing bolt 50 that is a fixing member. That is, the blade portion 36 is composed of one cutting blade 51 that is retractable and positionally adjustable in the blade storage space 47 of the body portion 38. This detachable cutting blade 51 is attached to the mounting bolt 50 is screwed into the threaded hole 46 of the U-shaped frame 41 so as to be pressed against the blade receiving portion 39 and fixed at a desired position.

The cutting blade 51 is, for example, a well-known cutter blade (commercially available) having an elongated plate shape, and a sharp blade portion 52 is formed over the entire length at one end in the width direction. The cutting blade 51 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction when viewed from the front, and is positioned so as to partially overlap the cutout portion 40 of the U-shaped frame 41 (see FIG. 1).

The guide portion 37 is composed of guide rods (round rods bent at one point in the middle) 56 and 57, which are a pair of upper and lower guide members having a circular cross section fixed to the front side of the main body portion 38. As shown in FIG. That is, the guide portion 37 is composed of a pair of upper and lower guide rods 56, 57 having therebetween a substantially triangular insertion gap 55 into which the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W is inserted from the side. , 57 are fixed to the plates 42, 43 by welding or the like. A blade receiving portion 39 is fixed between the guide rods 56 and 57 by welding or the like.

The upper guide rod 56 has a first portion 61 that is elongated in the left-right direction and a second portion 62 that is inclined from left to right and left to right, and integrally connected to the right end of the first portion 61. there is The lower guide rod 57 has a first portion 63 that is elongated in the left-right direction parallel to the first portion 61 of the upper guide rod 56, and the right end of the first portion 63. Together with the second portion 62 of the guide rod 56, it has a second portion 64 which is inclined left to right and left to right to form a V-shape.

An upper guide portion 66 is composed of a predetermined portion 61a of the first portion 61 of the upper guide rod 56 facing the insertion space 55 and a second portion 62 facing obliquely upward. Further, a predetermined portion (a portion shorter than the predetermined portion 61a of the guide rod 56) 63a facing the insertion space 55 in the first portion 63 of the lower guide rod 57 and a second portion 64 obliquely downward A side guide portion 67 is provided.

That is, the guide portion 37 has a pair of upper and lower guide portions 66 and 67 facing each other with an insertion gap 55 in which the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W is inserted from the side. The side opening-shaped insertion gap 55 of the guide portion 37 is located between the two second portions 62 and 64 forming the V-shape, and has a trapezoidal shape whose width decreases in the direction in which the unnecessary portion Wa is inserted. and a blade-side gap 55b having a constant width and communicating with the opening-side gap 55a.

This blade-side gap 55b is positioned adjacent to the front of the cutout portion 40 of the U-shaped frame 41, and the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W passes through the opening-side gap 55a and then passes through the blade-side gap 55b and the notch. It is inserted into the portion 40 and cut by the blade portion 52 of the cutting blade 51 . The width A of the blade-side clearance 55b is large enough to prevent an operator's finger from entering, for example, 3 to 8 mm. For example, although not shown, the width dimension A of the blade-side clearance 55b may be adjustable.

The mounting means 32 has a flat plate-like first mounting plate 71 which is elongated in the vertical direction, and a second mounting plate 72 having a substantially U-shaped cross section which sandwiches the handrail member 22 between the first mounting plate 71 and the first mounting plate 71 . are doing. The first mounting plate 71 is formed with a plurality of, for example, four first mounting holes 76 , second mounting holes 77 , third mounting holes 78 and fourth mounting holes 79 arranged vertically. The second mounting plate 72 is formed with a first mounting hole 81 on the upper side and a second mounting hole 82 on the lower side.

When attaching the first mounting plate 71 to the rear surface of the main body portion 38 of the cutting tool main body 31, the mounting holes 78 and 79 in the lower portion of the first mounting plate 71 and the mounting hole 44 of the main body portion 38 of the cutting tool main body 31 must be aligned. , 45 are aligned with each other, a bolt 83 is inserted therein and a nut 84 is screwed onto the threaded portion of the bolt 83 . When the second mounting plate 72 is attached to the rear surface of the first mounting plate 71, the mounting holes 81 and 82 of the second mounting plate 72 and the first mounting plate 72 are mounted so that the handrail member 22 is sandwiched between the two mounting plates 71 and 72. Align the mounting holes 76 and 77 in the upper part of 71 with each other, insert a bolt 86 therein, and screw a nut 87 onto the threaded portion of the bolt 86 .

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the cutting tool 23 has the mounting means 32 facing the cutting tool main body 31 in the first direction (the direction in which the insertion gap 55 of the guide portion 37 opens to the right side in front view, which is one side). 4(a)), and a second direction (the insertion gap 55 4(b)) in which it is supported in the other side, i.e., in the direction of opening to the left side in front view).

In other words, the cutting tool main body 31 is attached to the mounting means 32 with the bolt 83 and the nut 84 so that the tip side of the guide portion 37 protrudes to one side from the main body portion 38, and the tip side of the guide portion 37 is attached to the main body. It can be selectively switched between a state in which it is attached to the attachment means 32 with a bolt 83 and a nut 84 so as to protrude from the portion 38 to the other side.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 6, a cutting tool 23 (23a) in the first state shown in FIG. A cutting tool 23 (23b) in the second state shown in FIG.

In other words, the insertion gaps 55 of the guide portions 37 of the cutting tool main bodies 31 of the two left and right cutting tools 23 open in the traveling direction of the harvester 1 (the direction opposite to the transport direction of the sorting transport means 11). , it is attached to the handrail member 22 of the sorting and conveying means 11 by the attaching means 32. As shown in FIG.

The cutting tool main body 31 attached to the handrail member 22 via the attachment means 32 is arranged at a position inside the handrail member 22 and above the conveying belt 18 (see FIG. 6). . Therefore, the unnecessary portion Wa after being cut by the cutting tool main body 31 drops onto the conveying belt 18 and is conveyed by the conveying belt 18 in the conveying direction.

Next, the operation and the like of the harvester 1 will be described.

When the harvester 1 travels in the advancing direction, the crops W in the field are dug up from the field by the digging and conveying means 3 and conveyed, and supplied onto the conveyor belt 18 of the sorting and conveying means 11 .

Then, the operator (sorting operator) on step 12 picks up the crop W having the unnecessary portion Wa and cuts off the unnecessary portion Wa.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when the operator lifts the crop W with one hand to the same predetermined height position as the cutting tool 23 and moves it in the conveying direction, the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W is removed from the cutting tool main body 31. It is guided by the guide portion 37 and cut by the blade portion 36 at the guide end position.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the unnecessary portion Wa cut by the blade portion 36 and separated from the crop W falls onto the conveyor belt 18 of the sorting and conveying means 11, and after being conveyed by this conveyor belt 18, The chute 19 discharges it to the field.

On the other hand, the crop W from which the unnecessary portion Wa has been cut is put into the container K by the worker. At this time, the operator can perform the operation of cutting the unnecessary portion Wa and the operation of putting in the crop W in one action as a series of operations.

According to the harvester 1, since the cutting tool 23 is provided on the handrail member 22 of the sorting and conveying means 11, the operator can use the cutting tool 23 to cut the unnecessary portion of the crop W with one hand. Since Wa can be cut, there is no need to tear off the unnecessary portion Wa with both hands as in the conventional art, and the burden on the operator can be reduced and work efficiency can be improved.

In addition, since the cutting tool 23 includes a cutting tool main body 31 having a blade portion 36 for cutting the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W, and mounting means 32 for mounting this cutting tool main body 31 to the handrail member 22, the mounting means 32 can be easily installed.

Furthermore, since the cutting tool main body 31 has the guide portion 37 for slidingly guiding the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W toward the blade portion 36 through the insertion gap 55, the unnecessary portion Wa can be properly cut, and the guide portion Since the operator's finger does not enter the blade-side gap 55b of the insertion gap 55 of 37, it is safe for the operator.

In addition, since the blade portion 36 of the cutting tool main body 31 is composed of the cutting blade (cutter blade) 51 that is releasably fixed to the blade receiving portion 39 by the fixing bolt 50, the cutting blade can be operated only by operating the fixing bolt 50. 51 can be fixed and released, so that the cutting blade 51 can be easily replaced. Moreover, since the cutting blade 51 is a commercially available cutter blade, it can be obtained at a low cost.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG.

In the cutting tool 23 according to the second embodiment, the guide part 37 of the cutting tool main body 31 is a pair of upper and lower guide plates having an insertion gap 55 therebetween, unlike the pair of upper and lower guide rods 56, 57. 88 and 89, and a blade receiving portion 39 is integrally provided at the base ends of both guide plates 88 and 89. As shown in FIG.

The upper guide plate 88 has a first portion 91 elongated in the left-right direction, and a right-angled triangular second portion 92 integrally connected to the right end of the first portion 91 . The lower guide plate 89 has a first portion 93 that is elongated in the left-right direction and positioned parallel to the first portion 91 of the upper guide plate 88. The second portion 92 of the guide plate 88 has a second portion 94 which forms an upside-down right-angled triangular shape.

An upper guide portion 66 is composed of a predetermined portion 91a of the first portion 91 of the upper guide plate 88 facing the insertion space 55 and a right-angled triangular second portion 92 whose oblique side is located on the lower side. It is A predetermined portion (a portion shorter than the predetermined portion 91a of the guide plate 88) 93a facing the insertion space 55 in the first portion 93 of the lower guide plate 89, and a right-angled triangular first portion 93a having an oblique side located on the upper side. The two parts 94 form the lower guide part 67 .

That is, this guide portion 37 also has a pair of upper and lower guide portions facing each other with an insertion gap 55 in which the unnecessary portion Wa of the crop W is inserted from the side, as in the case of the above-described first embodiment. I have 66, 67. The insertion gap 55 of the guide portion 37 is also composed of an opening-side gap 55a on the distal end side and a blade-side gap 55b on the base-end side. The size is such that a finger cannot be inserted, and is, for example, 3 to 8 mm.

In this cutting tool 23, the mounting means 32 has a mounting plate 96 made of an elastically deformable plate-like spring steel material, and the lower part of this mounting plate 96 is the first spring of the first embodiment described above. Like the mounting plate 71, it is attached to the body portion 38 of the cutting tool body 31 with bolts 83 and nuts 84. As shown in FIG. Moreover, this mounting plate 96 has a fitting portion 97 having a substantially C-shaped cross section on its upper portion, and this fitting portion 97 is fitted to the outer peripheral side of the handrail member 22 in a detachable manner. Further, at the tip of the fitting portion 97, a guide protrusion 98 is integrally provided for guiding the handrail member 22 into the fitting portion 97 when the fitting portion 97 is fitted to the handrail member 22. there is

Also, the cutting tool 23 according to the second embodiment can achieve the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the cutting tool (vine cutting device) 23 is attached to the handrail member 22 of the sorting and conveying means 11 that conveys crops dug up from the field. Even if a conveyor, which is a conveying means for conveying harvested crops (harvested crops), is installed in a factory, and the cutting tool body is attached to the conveyor frame (mounting portion) of the conveyor in the factory by the mounting means. good.

Further, the mounting means is not limited to sandwiching between two plates or consisting of one elastic plate or the like, and any means for detachably mounting the cutting tool body to the mounting portion can be used.

Furthermore, crops are not limited to sweet potatoes, and may be carrots or the like.

In the above embodiment, the case where the cutting tool 23 in the first state is attached to the left handrail member 22 and the cutting tool 23 in the second state is attached to the right handrail member 22 is explained. However (see FIG. 6), for example, the left and right cutting tools 23 can be placed in the same first state (or second state) and attached to the left and right handrail members 22 for use. Regardless of whether the worker stands on the left or right step 12, the worker can move the crops in the same direction as viewed from the worker.

Although several embodiments and their modifications of the present invention have been described, it is also possible to appropriately combine the above-described embodiments and modifications without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 harvester
11 Sorting transport means
22 Handrail member to be attached
23 cutting tool
31 Cutting tool body
32 means of attachment
36 Blade
37 Guide
39 Blade receiving part
51 cutting blade
55 Insertion gap
66, 67 Guide part W Crop Wa Unnecessary part K Container as storage container

Claims (3)

A cutting tool for cutting unnecessary parts of crops dug up from a field,
a cutting tool body having a blade portion for cutting unnecessary portions of the crop;
an attachment means for attaching the cutting tool body to the attached portion,
The cutting tool main body has a guide portion that guides the unnecessary portion of the crop toward the blade portion, and a main body portion provided with the guide portion,
The guide part has a pair of guide members facing each other through an insertion gap into which an unnecessary portion of the crop is inserted,
The cutting tool, wherein the tip of the guide member protrudes from the main body toward the side opposite to the direction of insertion of the unnecessary portion of the crop. Sorting and conveying means for conveying crops dug up from fields;
a cutting tool provided in the sorting and conveying means for cutting unnecessary parts of the crop;
and a storage container into which agricultural products whose unnecessary parts have been cut by the cutting tool are put,
The cutting tool is
a cutting tool body having a blade portion for cutting unnecessary portions of the crop;
mounting means for mounting the cutting tool main body at an arbitrary position of the mounting portion of the sorting and conveying means,
The cutting tool body has a guide portion that guides the unnecessary portion of the crop toward the blade portion,
The harvesting machine, wherein the guide part has a pair of guide members facing each other with an insertion gap into which the unnecessary portion of the crop is inserted. Sorting and conveying means for conveying crops dug up from fields;
a cutting tool provided in the sorting and conveying means for cutting unnecessary parts of the crop;
and a storage container into which agricultural products whose unnecessary parts have been cut by the cutting tool are put,
The cutting tool is
a cutting tool body having a blade portion for cutting unnecessary portions of the crop;
an attachment means for attaching the cutting tool body to the attached portion,
The cutting tool body has a guide portion that guides the unnecessary portion of the crop toward the blade portion,
The harvesting machine, wherein the guide part has a pair of guide members facing each other with an insertion gap into which the unnecessary portion of the crop is inserted.

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