JP7249844B2 - Bearing assembly jig and assembly method - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing assembling jig for assembling a bearing at a predetermined location in a housing.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, bearings have been incorporated into devices as bearings for rotary shafts provided in various devices.

As one embodiment of the above device, there is known a turbocharger used for an engine of an automobile, for example. This turbocharger was previously used in high-output engines such as sports cars. However, since it has the advantage of being able to obtain high output even with a small-displacement engine, it has recently been adopted in compact cars such as light vehicles.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a turbocharger. Turbocharger 50 includes turbine 52 and compressor 56 . The turbine 52 and the compressor 56 are fixed to both ends of the rotary shaft 53, respectively. The rotating shaft 53 is supported by the housing with a bearing 57 (full floating bearing, semi-floating bearing, etc.).

A turbine 52 of the turbocharger 50 is rotated by exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust section 54 of the engine 51 . The rotation of the turbine 52 causes the compressor 56 to rotate. As a result, the air sucked into the compressor 56 is compressed by the rotation of the compressor 56 . The output of the engine 51 is increased by sending the compressed air to the air supply portion 55 of the engine 51 .

In addition, the turbocharger needs to rotate the turbine at high speed (200,000 rpm) in order to increase the efficiency of the engine. Also, the exhaust gas and compressed air must flow smoothly and stably. Therefore, it is necessary to assemble the housing, turbine, compressor, bearings, rotating shaft, etc. with high precision so as not to damage them.

A jig for assembling a turbine housing and a bearing housing has been disclosed as an assembly jig for a turbocharger as described above (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-73790

However, the assembling jig for the turbocharger of Patent Document 1 is a jig for assembling housings together, and does not assemble the above bearings to the housings. In other words, no means has been known for assembling the bearings for supporting the rotary shaft into the housing with high accuracy.

As described above, in a turbocharger, since the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed, if the outer shape or inner diameter of the bearing is damaged during assembly, the rotating shaft will vibrate. As a result, there is a problem that the turbocharger is damaged or the original performance cannot be obtained.

Therefore, it is conceivable to automate the assembly of bearings. However, there is a problem that large-scale equipment is required, and a large capital investment is required, resulting in high cost. In addition, since the size of the housing differs for each model of turbocharger, there is also the problem that the model cannot be changed easily.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a bearing assembly jig capable of accurately assembling a bearing into a housing with a simple mechanism rather than a large-scale facility. Another object of the present invention is to provide a bearing assembly jig capable of accurately assembling bearings into various devices regardless of turbochargers.

A bearing assembling jig of the present invention provided to solve the above-described problems is a bearing assembling jig for assembling a bearing into a work, comprising: a support for positioning and fixing the work; a moving shaft, the moving shaft being movably formed to pass through a bearing mounting portion provided in the work, and moving the bearing to the bearing mounting portion while sandwiching the bearing between the two moving shafts. By doing so, the bearing is incorporated into the work.

As described above, in the bearing assembly jig of the present invention, the pair of moving shafts move through the bearing assembly portion, and the bearing sandwiched between the moving shafts moves to the bearing assembly portion. , various bearings can be incorporated into the bearing assembly. As described above, the bearing installation jig of the present invention is a simple mechanism for moving the pair of moving shafts in the axial direction, and can accurately incorporate various bearings into the bearing installation portion.

Further, in the above-described bearing assembly jig, the bearing is provided with an engaging portion on at least one end face, and at least one moving shaft is provided with a bearing holding portion on one end face, and the bearing holding portion is and holding the bearing by engaging with the engaging portion.

In the above-described bearing assembly jig, the engaging portion is provided on at least one end face of the bearing, and a bearing holding portion provided on at least one moving shaft engages the engaging portion. and good. Then, by engaging the engaging portion provided on the bearing with the bearing holding portion provided on the moving shaft, the bearing can be held between the pair of moving shafts while being positioned with high accuracy. The shapes of the engaging portion and the bearing holding portion are not limited, but those having little contact with the bearing can be preferably used in order to prevent scratches due to contact.

Moreover, the moving shaft in the bearing assembly jig should be rotatable. If the moving shaft is rotatably formed, it becomes possible to perform positioning when it is necessary to perform positioning in the rotational direction of the bearing.

In the jig for incorporating the bearing described above, the work may be a turbocharger. By using the bearing assembling jig of the present invention, it is possible to assemble the bearings with high precision even in a turbocharger that requires high-accuracy assembling.

The bearing to which the bearing assembly jig is applied may be a full floating bearing or a semi-floating bearing. Full-float bearings and semi-float bearings support a rotating shaft via a fluid such as oil. Therefore, it is suitable for axially supporting a high-rotation rotating shaft such as a turbocharger without seizure or the like.

The bearing is characterized in that a locking portion is provided on the peripheral surface thereof, and positioning means is provided to the locking portion so as to be able to move back and forth. Accordingly, after the bearing is inserted into the bearing assembly portion, the bearing can be accurately positioned in the rotational direction by locking the positioning pin or the like in the locking portion.

A bearing assembling method for assembling a bearing into a work, wherein the work is positioned on a support base, the bearing is sandwiched between a pair of moving shafts, and both moving shafts are moved in the direction in which the bearing is inserted into the work. The bearing is incorporated by inserting the bearing into a bearing incorporating portion provided in the. As a result, it is possible to accurately incorporate the bearing into the bearing installation portion in the work.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION The bearing installation jig|tool and assembly method of this invention can incorporate a bearing into a workpiece|work with a simple mechanism with sufficient precision. In addition, the bearing assembly jig and assembly method of the present invention can assemble the bearing into the bearing assembly portion with high accuracy, so that the bearing, housing, and the like are not damaged. Moreover, since the bearing assembly jig and assembly method of the present invention do not damage the bearings, housing, etc., there is an effect that the quality can be maintained over a long period of time even if the bearings are installed in a turbocharger that rotates at high speed.

1] is a front view of a jig for installing a bearing according to the present invention. [FIG. [FIG. 2] is a perspective view of a bearing holding portion of a moving shaft in the bearing assembly jig of the present invention; (a) is a cross-sectional view in the front direction of a semi-floating bearing used in the present invention. (b) is a right side view of (a). [FIG. 2] is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a bearing is incorporated in the assembly of a turbocharger; 1] is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a turbocharger is assembled with bearings incorporated. [FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a bearing is assembled into a turbocharger using the bearing assembly jig of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a bearing is assembled into a turbocharger using the bearing assembly jig of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a bearing is assembled into a turbocharger using the bearing assembly jig of the present invention; 1 is an explanatory diagram of a turbocharger; FIG.

Based on FIGS. 1 to 8 and with reference to the drawings, the bearing assembly jig and assembly method of the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, a case where a turbocharger is used as a workpiece will be described as an example.

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted front view of a bearing assembly jig that is an embodiment of the present invention. The bearing assembly jig 1 includes a machine frame 2 erected on a machine base (not shown) and a support base 3 provided on the front surface of the machine frame 2 . The support base 3 is designed to mount the workpiece W on its upper surface. The bearing assembly jig 1 also has a pair of moving shafts 4a and 4b provided on the front surface of the machine frame 2 along the vertical direction. The moving shafts 4a and 4b are movable through the support table 3 and the workpiece W placed on the support table 3. As shown in FIG. Further, above the support base 3, there is provided a positioning means 17 which is inserted into a locking portion 13 of the bearing 10, which will be described later, for positioning in the circumferential direction.

The moving shaft 4a on the lower side of the drawing is pivotally supported via a guide member 8 on a support plate 5 provided parallel to the lower side of the support base 3. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the moving shaft 4a can move up and down precisely with respect to the support plate 5. As shown in FIG. Various members can be used in place of the guide member 8 as long as they can support the vertical movement of the moving shaft 4a. Further, the moving shaft 4a can be moved up and down by an appropriate drive source such as a motor or cylinder, or manually. When manually moving up and down, an appropriate lever or crank mechanism can be used.

Further, the moving shaft 4a can be stopped at a predetermined position by an appropriate stopper (not shown) or drive control of the drive source. As shown in FIG. 2, a bearing holding portion 18 for holding the bearing 10 is formed at the upper end portion of the moving shaft 4a. The bearing holding portion 18 can engage with a groove 16 provided in one end surface of the bearing 10 to be described later, and can position and hold the bearing 10 .

Moreover, the moving shaft 4a can be formed to be rotatable. In this case, a ball spline bearing or the like may be used for the guide member 8 to allow vertical movement and rotation. The rotation direction can also be positioned using an appropriate stopper.

The moving shaft 4b on the upper side of the drawing is provided so as to face the moving shaft 4a on the lower side. Further, the moving shaft 4b is pivotally supported via a guide member 8 on a support plate 7 provided parallel to the support table 3. As shown in FIG. Since the movement of the moving shaft 4b uses the same mechanism as that of the moving shaft 4a, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The support base 3 has an opening 3a formed in the center thereof so that the moving shaft 4a can pass therethrough. Further, the support base 3 is provided with a positioning frame 9 on which the workpiece W is placed and fixed on the upper surface side. The movement of the work W is restricted by placing the work W in the positioning frame 9 .

A fixed plate 6 is provided with a space (at least the height of the workpiece W) from the support base 3 . The fixing plate 6 holds and fixes the workpiece W placed on the support table 3 . The fixing plate 6 is formed to be able to move up and down by a mechanism (not shown), and when the work W is placed thereon, it can be lifted to form a gap for placing the work W thereon. If the workpiece W can be fixed to the support table 3, the fixing plate 6 may be omitted.

The above is the configuration of the bearing assembly jig 1 of the present invention. Next, a bearing used as an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b). In this embodiment, a case where a semi-floating bearing is used will be described as an example.

FIG. 3(a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bearing 10 taken in the front direction, and FIG. 3(b) is a right side view of the bearing 10. FIG.

The bearing 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, has a thick outer cylinder 11, and has a through hole 12 formed therein. Further, the outer cylinder 11 is provided with an oil supply port 14 on its peripheral surface. After the bearing 10 is incorporated, the oil supply port 14 is supplied with oil so as to pivotally support the rotating shaft 21 .

A cross-shaped groove 16 is formed in one end surface 15 of the bearing 10 . When oil is supplied from the oil supply port 14, the oil flows through the holes 12 and is discharged through the grooves 16. - 特許庁The discharged oil is recovered and circulated through an appropriate recovery section. Further, the outer cylinder 11 has a locking portion 13 formed on its peripheral surface. After the bearing 10 is assembled, the locking portion 13 is adapted to restrict rotation in the circumferential direction by inserting a knock pin.

The above are the configurations of the bearing assembly jig 1 and the bearing 10 of the present invention. Next, how the bearing 10 is incorporated into the turbocharger will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a turbocharger (hereinafter simply referred to as work W) before assembly. The workpiece W includes a turbine housing 24 that houses the turbine 22 and the bearings 10 and a compressor housing 25 that houses the compressor 23 .

A turbine housing 24 has a bearing-mounting portion 20 in which the bearing 10 is mounted in a central portion. The bearing mounting portion 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape to match the outer shape of the bearing. An oil supply portion 26 is provided so as to penetrate the turbine housing 24 at a position facing the oil supply port 14 of the bearing 10 . An oil outlet space 34 is provided below the oil supply portion 26 . The oil outlet space 34 communicates with an oil recovery section (not shown) to recover the oil and supply it to the oil supply section 26 again, thereby circulating the oil.

A locking hole 27 into which a knock pin is inserted is formed on the side opposite to the oil supply portion 26 . After the bearing 10 is installed in the bearing installation portion 20 , the locking hole 27 is inserted into the locking portion 13 of the bearing 10 through the locking hole 27 . As a result, the rotation of the bearing 10 within the bearing assembly portion 20 is suppressed.

An exhaust port 28 that accommodates the turbine 22 is open on the right side of the bearing assembly portion 20 in the figure. An inner peripheral hole 29 for supporting the rotating shaft 21 is provided between the bearing incorporating portion 20 and the exhaust port 28 . A cooling passage 30 through which cooling water flows and a space 31 into which exhaust gas discharged from an engine (not shown) is introduced are provided around the inner peripheral hole 29 .

The compressor housing 25 is provided with the compressor 23 in the central part inside. An intake port 32 for taking in air is opened on the left side of the compressor 23 in the drawing. A space 33 communicating with an outlet passage (not shown) is provided around the compressor 23 .

The rotating shaft 21 has a screw formed at its tip and a turbine 22 is connected to the other end. As shown in FIG. 5 , the rotary shaft 21 is inserted through the hole 12 of the bearing 10 through the inner peripheral hole 29 after the bearing 10 is installed in the bearing installation portion 20 . After penetrating the bearing 10 , the rotary shaft 21 is inserted through the compressor 23 and fixed to the compressor 23 .

Due to the configuration of the work W as described above, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine flows into the space 31, and the turbine 22 rotates with the force of the flow. The rotation of the turbine 22 rotates the rotating shaft 21 supported by the bearing 10, and the compressor 23 rotates. Also, the rotation of the compressor 23 compresses the air flowing in from the intake port 32 , and the compressed air is sent through the space 33 to the intake portion of the engine.

Next, the assembly of the bearing 10 into the workpiece W using the bearing assembly jig 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6 , when the work W is positioned and placed on the support table 3 , the work W is clamped and fixed by the fixing plate 6 . Then, when the work W is fixed, the moving shaft 4a is lifted and moved through the bearing built-in portion 20 in the work W to be positioned at the lifted position. When the workpiece W is positioned at a predetermined position, the moving shafts 4a and 4b can move through the inside of the bearing-mounted portion 20 without coming into contact with the outer wall.

As shown in FIG. 7, the bearing 10 is placed on the bearing holder 18 on the moving shaft 4a. At this time, the bearing 10 is positioned and mounted by engaging the groove 16 of the bearing 10 with the projection of the bearing holding portion 18 . In this state, the moving shaft 4b is lowered to sandwich the bearing 10 between the moving shafts 4a and 4b. A groove 16 is also formed on the opposite surface of the bearing, and a bearing holding portion 18 is provided on the moving shaft 4b so that the groove 16 and the bearing holding portion 18 are engaged when the bearing 10 is clamped. can be

After the bearing 10 is sandwiched between the moving shafts 4a and 4b, the moving shafts 4a and 4b are lowered into the bearing assembly portion 20 and the bearing 10 is inserted into the bearing assembly portion 20 as shown in FIG. Both moving shafts 4a and 4b can be stopped by appropriate stoppers (not shown) so that the bearing 10 comes to a predetermined position.

Subsequently, the positioning pin 19 of the positioning means 17 protrudes toward the locking hole 27 , and the positioning pin 19 is inserted into the locking portion 13 through the locking hole 27 . Thereby, the bearing 10 is positioned and fixed to the bearing mounting portion 20 . The positioning means 17 may be manually driven or may be driven by a cylinder or the like. After the assembly is completed, the positioning pin 19 is removed, and instead a knock pin is inserted into the locking portion 13 to fix the bearing 10 .

Subsequently, the holding of the bearing 10 by the moving shafts 4a and 4b is released, and the moving shafts 4a and 4b are separated. Also, the positioning pin 19 is withdrawn from the locking portion 13 . It should be noted that the knock pin may be driven into the engaging portion 13 at the same time as the positioning pin 19 is withdrawn.

The above is the configuration of the bearing assembly jig 1 according to an example of the present invention, but it is possible to make appropriate changes within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the above bearing assembly jig 1 has the bearing holding portion 18, but the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, the bearing assembly jig 1 only needs to hold the bearing 10 between the pair of moving shafts without the bearing holding portion 18 . Further, the bearing holding portion 18 is not limited to a cross shape, and various shapes such as linear, circular, triangular, and rectangular can be adopted, and uneven shapes such as engagement pins can also be adopted.

Further, the moving axis may be fixed in the rotating direction. In this case, it may be applied to the case of using a bearing that does not have a specified rotational direction, or to the case of fixing the bearing 10 to the moving shaft in a positioned state.

Moreover, the workpiece W to which the bearing 10 is to be assembled is not limited to a turbocharger, but may be a member used in other parts constituting an automobile, or various devices other than automobile-related devices such as a hard disk. good. Also in these members, etc., the bearing assembly jig 1 can be suitably used to incorporate bearings.

Moreover, the bearing 10 is not limited to a full-float bearing or a semi-floating bearing, and various bearings such as a ball bearing and a roller bearing can be used. Moreover, the bearing 10 may have no engaging portion on its peripheral surface.

In the present embodiment, a turbocharger was described as an example of the workpiece W, but various workpieces can be applied as long as bearings are incorporated at predetermined positions in the housing. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the bearings are incorporated in the vertical direction, but the bearings may be incorporated in various directions such as the horizontal direction.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be preferably used for turbochargers and the like that require precision assembly of bearings.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 bearing assembly jig 3 support base 4a moving shaft 4b moving shaft 10 bearing 13 locking portion 15 end surface 17 positioning means 18 bearing holder 20 bearing assembly portion W workpiece (turbocharger)

Claims (1)

A bearing assembling jig for assembling a bearing into a work,
a support base for positioning and fixing the workpiece;
A pair of moving shafts that sandwich the bearing,
The moving shaft is formed so as to be movable through a bearing-mounted portion provided in the work,
The bearing is incorporated into the workpiece by moving the bearing to the bearing incorporating portion while sandwiching the bearing between both moving shafts,
The bearing is provided with an engaging portion on at least one end face,
At least one of the moving shafts is configured with a bearing holding portion on one end face,
A jig for incorporating a bearing, wherein the bearing holding portion holds the bearing by being engaged with the engaging portion .

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