JP2020165312A - Bearing assembling jig and assembling method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bearing assembling jig for assembling a bearing into a workpiece at high accuracy.SOLUTION: A bearing assembling jig 1 assembles a bearing 10 into a workpiece W. The bearing assembling jig 1 comprises a support base 3 for positioning and fixing the workpiece W, and a pair of moving shafts 4a, 4b for gripping the bearing 10. The moving shafts 4a, 4b are formed so as to be capable of penetrating and moving a bearing assembling part 20 which is arranged in the workpiece W, and one moving shaft 4a comprises a bearing holding part 18 at its one end face. Then, the bearing 10 is assembled into the workpiece W by inserting the bearing 10 into the bearing assembling part 20 while gripping the bearing 10 between both the moving shafts 4a, 4b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

The present invention relates to a bearing built-in jig for incorporating a bearing at a predetermined position in a housing.

Conventionally, bearings have been incorporated into devices as bearings for rotating shafts provided in various devices.

As one embodiment of the above device, for example, a turbocharger used in an engine of an automobile or the like is known. This turbocharger has conventionally been used in high-power engines such as sports cars. However, since it has the advantage of obtaining high output even with a small displacement engine, it has recently been adopted in small vehicles such as light vehicles.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the turbocharger. The turbocharger 50 includes a turbine 52 and a compressor 56. The turbine 52 and the compressor 56 are fixed to both ends of the rotating shaft 53, respectively. The rotating shaft 53 is pivotally supported by a bearing 57 (full floating bearing, semi-floating bearing, etc.).

The turbine 52 of the turbocharger 50 rotates with the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust portion 54 of the engine 51. As the turbine 52 rotates, the compressor 56 rotates. As a result, the air taken into the compressor 56 is compressed by the rotation of the compressor 56. Then, the compressed air is sent to the air supply unit 55 of the engine 51, so that the output of the engine 51 is increased.

Further, in the turbocharger, in order to improve the efficiency of the engine, it is necessary to rotate the turbine at a high rotation speed (200,000 rotations / min). It is also necessary to make the exhaust gas and compressed air flow smoothly and stably. Therefore, it is necessary to assemble the housing, turbine, compressor, bearing, rotating shaft, etc. with high accuracy so as not to damage them.

As an assembling jig for a turbocharger as described above, a jig for assembling a turbine housing and a bearing housing has been published (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-73790

However, the assembling jig for the turbocharger of Patent Document 1 is a jig for assembling the housings to each other, and does not assemble the bearing as described above to the housing. That is, there has been no known means for accurately incorporating a bearing for supporting a rotating shaft into a housing.

As described above, in the turbocharger, the rotating shaft rotates at a high rotation speed, so that if the outer shape or inner diameter of the bearing is damaged during assembly, the rotating shaft will shake. As a result, there is a problem that the turbocharger is damaged or the original performance cannot be obtained.

Therefore, it is conceivable to automate the assembly of bearings. However, there is a problem that large-scale equipment is required, large capital investment is required, and cost is high. In addition, since the size of the housing changes depending on the turbocharger model, there is a problem that the model cannot be easily changed.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bearing built-in jig capable of accurately incorporating a bearing into a housing with a simple mechanism rather than a large-scale facility. Another object of the present invention is to provide a bearing incorporating jig capable of accurately incorporating a bearing into various devices regardless of the turbocharger.

The bearing built-in jig of the present invention provided to solve the above-mentioned problems is a bearing built-in jig for assembling a bearing into a work, and is a support base for positioning and fixing the work and a pair of sandwiching the bearing. A moving shaft is provided, and the moving shaft is formed so as to be movable through a bearing built-in portion provided in the work, and the bearing is moved to the bearing built-in portion while sandwiching the bearing between the two moving shafts. By doing so, the bearing is incorporated into the work.

As described above, in the bearing built-in jig of the present invention, a pair of moving shafts move through the bearing built-in portion, and the bearing sandwiched between the two moving shafts moves to the bearing built-in portion. , Various bearings can be incorporated into the bearing built-in part. As described above, the bearing incorporating jig of the present invention is a simple mechanism for moving a pair of moving axes in the axial direction, but various bearings can be incorporated into the bearing incorporating portion with high accuracy.

Further, in the bearing built-in jig described above, the bearing is provided with an engaging portion on at least one end surface, and at least one of the moving shafts is provided with a bearing holding portion on one end surface. It is preferable that the bearing is held by engaging with the engaging portion.

In the above-mentioned bearing incorporating jig, the engaging portion is provided on at least one end surface of the bearing, and the bearing holding portion provided on at least one moving shaft engages with the engaging portion. Is good. Then, by engaging the engaging portion provided on the bearing with the bearing holding portion provided on the moving shaft, the bearing can be held between the pair of moving shafts in a state of being accurately positioned. The shapes of the engaging portion and the bearing holding portion are not limited, but those having less contact with the bearing can be preferably used in order to prevent damage due to contact.

Further, the moving shaft in the bearing built-in jig may be formed so as to be rotatable. If the moving shaft is formed so as to be rotatable, positioning becomes possible when it is necessary to position the bearing in the rotational direction.

In the bearing built-in jig described above, the work can be a turbocharger. By using the bearing incorporating jig of the present invention, it is possible to accurately incorporate the bearing even in a turbocharger that requires highly accurate incorporation.

The bearing to which the bearing built-in jig is applied may be a full floating bearing or a semi-floating bearing. Full-float bearings and semi-floating bearings support the axis of rotation via a fluid such as oil. Therefore, it is suitable for supporting a high-speed rotating shaft such as a turbocharger without seizure.

The bearing is characterized in that a locking portion is provided on its peripheral surface and a positioning means provided on the locking portion so as to be able to advance and retreat is provided. As a result, after the bearing is inserted into the bearing built-in portion, the bearing can be accurately positioned in the rotational direction by locking the positioning pin or the like on the locking portion.

A method of incorporating a bearing into a work, in which the work is positioned on a support base, the bearing is sandwiched between a pair of moving shafts, and both moving shafts are moved in the insertion direction of the bearing built-in portion in the work. It is characterized in that the bearing is incorporated by inserting the bearing into the bearing built-in portion provided in the above. This makes it possible to accurately incorporate the bearing into the bearing built-in portion in the work.

The bearing incorporating jig and the assembly method of the present invention can accurately incorporate the bearing into the work with a simple mechanism. Further, the bearing incorporating jig and the assembling method of the present invention can accurately incorporate the bearing into the bearing incorporating portion, so that the bearing and the housing are not damaged. Further, since the bearing incorporating jig and the assembly method of the present invention do not damage the bearing or the housing, the quality can be maintained for a long period of time even if the bearing is incorporated into a turbocharger or the like that rotates at high speed.

Is a front view of the bearing built-in jig of the present invention. Is a perspective view of a bearing holding portion of a moving shaft in the bearing built-in jig of the present invention. (A) is a sectional view in the front direction of the semi-floating bearing used in the present invention. (B) is a right side view of (a). Is an explanatory view of a state in which a bearing is incorporated in the assembly of a turbocharger. Is an explanatory view of a state in which a bearing is incorporated and a turbocharger is assembled. Is an explanatory view of a state in which the bearing is assembled into the turbocharger by using the bearing built-in jig of the present invention. Is an explanatory view of a state in which the bearing is assembled into the turbocharger by using the bearing built-in jig of the present invention. Is an explanatory view of a state in which the bearing is assembled into the turbocharger by using the bearing built-in jig of the present invention. Is an explanatory diagram of the turbocharger.

Based on FIGS. 1 to 8, the bearing assembling jig and the assembling method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case where a turbocharger is used as the work will be described as an example.

FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of the bearing built-in jig according to the embodiment of the present invention is omitted. The bearing built-in jig 1 includes a machine frame 2 erected on a machine base (not shown) and a support base 3 provided on the front surface of the machine frame 2. The support base 3 is designed to mount the work W on the upper surface thereof. Further, the bearing built-in jig 1 includes a pair of moving shafts 4a and 4b provided on the front surface of the machine frame 2 along the vertical direction. The moving shafts 4a and 4b can move through the support base 3 and the work W mounted on the support base 3. Further, above the support base 3, a positioning means 17 is provided which is inserted into the locking portion 13 of the bearing 10 described later and positions in the circumferential direction.

The moving shaft 4a on the lower side of the drawing is pivotally supported by a support plate 5 provided parallel to the lower side of the support base 3 via a guide member 8. Therefore, the moving shaft 4a moves up and down precisely with respect to the support plate 5. As long as the moving shaft 4a can support the vertical movement, various members can be used instead of the guide member 8. Further, the moving shaft 4a can be moved up and down manually by a drive source such as an appropriate motor or cylinder. When moving up and down manually, an appropriate lever, crank mechanism, or the like can be used.

Further, the moving shaft 4a can be stopped at a predetermined position by an appropriate stopper (not shown) or drive control of a drive source. As shown in FIG. 2, a bearing holding portion 18 for holding the bearing 10 is formed at the upper end portion of the moving shaft 4a. The bearing holding portion 18 can engage with the groove 16 provided on one end surface of the bearing 10 described later, and can position and hold the bearing 10.

Further, the moving shaft 4a can be formed to be rotatable. In this case, a ball spline bearing or the like may be used for the guide member 8 to allow vertical movement and rotation. The direction of rotation can also be positioned using an appropriate stopper.

The upper moving shaft 4b in the drawing is provided so as to face the lower moving shaft 4a. Further, the moving shaft 4b is pivotally supported by a support plate 7 provided in parallel with the support base 3 via a guide member 8. Since the same mechanism as that of the moving shaft 4a is used for the movement of the moving shaft 4b, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The support base 3 has an opening 3a formed in the central portion so that the moving shaft 4a can pass through. Further, the support base 3 is provided with a positioning frame 9 on which the work W is placed and fixed on the upper surface side. The movement of the work W is restricted by placing the work W in the positioning frame 9.

Further, the fixing plate 6 is provided at a distance (greater than or equal to the height of the work W) from the support base 3. The fixing plate 6 is adapted to sandwich and fix the work W placed on the support base 3. The fixing plate 6 is formed so as to be able to move up and down by a mechanism (not shown) as appropriate, and when the work W is placed, it can be raised to form a gap on which the work W is placed. If the work W can be fixed to the support base 3, the fixing plate 6 may be omitted.

The above is the configuration of the bearing built-in jig 1 of the present invention, and the bearing used as one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). In this embodiment, a case where a semi-floating bearing is used will be described as an example.

FIG. 3A is a front sectional view of the bearing 10 cut in the longitudinal direction, and FIG. 3B is a right side view of the bearing 10.

The bearing 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, has a thick outer cylinder 11, and has a through hole 12 formed therein. Further, the outer cylinder 11 is provided with an oil supply port 14 on the peripheral surface thereof. The oil supply port 14 is adapted to pivotally support the rotating shaft 21 by supplying oil after the bearing 10 is assembled.

Further, a groove 16 is formed in a cross shape on one end surface 15 of the bearing 10. When oil is supplied from the oil supply port 14, the oil flows through the hole 12 and is discharged through the groove 16. The discharged oil is collected and circulated through an appropriate collection unit. Further, the outer cylinder 11 has a locking portion 13 formed on the peripheral surface thereof. A knock pin is inserted into the locking portion 13 after the bearing 10 is assembled to restrict rotation in the circumferential direction.

The above is the configuration of the bearing built-in jig 1 and the bearing 10 of the present invention. Next, the state of incorporating the bearing 10 into the turbocharger will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 is a turbocharger before assembly (hereinafter, simply referred to as work W). The work W includes a turbine housing 24 that houses the turbine 22 and the bearing 10, and a compressor housing 25 that houses the compressor 23.

The turbine housing 24 is formed with a bearing built-in portion 20 for incorporating the bearing 10 in the central portion. The bearing built-in portion 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape according to the outer shape of the bearing. Further, an oil supply unit 26 is provided at a position facing the oil supply port 14 of the bearing 10 so as to penetrate the turbine housing 24. An oil outlet space 34 is provided below the oil supply unit 26. The oil outlet space 34 communicates with an oil recovery unit (not shown), collects the oil, and supplies the oil to the oil supply unit 26 again to circulate the oil.

Further, a locking hole 27 for inserting a knock pin is formed on the side opposite to the oil supply unit 26. In the locking hole 27, after the bearing 10 is incorporated in the bearing built-in portion 20, a knock pin is inserted into the locking portion 13 of the bearing 10 through the locking hole 27. As a result, rotation of the bearing 10 in the bearing built-in portion 20 is suppressed.

An exhaust port 28 for accommodating the turbine 22 is opened on the right side of the bearing built-in portion 20 in the drawing. Further, an inner peripheral hole 29 that pivotally supports the rotating shaft 21 is provided between the bearing built-in portion 20 and the exhaust port 28. A cooling passage 30 through which cooling water passes and a space 31 in which exhaust gas exhausted from an engine (not shown) is taken in are provided around the inner peripheral hole 29.

The compressor housing 25 is provided with a compressor 23 at the center of the inside. Further, an intake port 32 for taking in air is opened on the left side of the compressor 23 in the drawing. A space 33 communicating with an outlet passage (not shown) is provided around the compressor 23.

A screw is formed at the tip of the rotating shaft 21, and a turbine 22 is connected to the other end side. As shown in FIG. 5, the rotating shaft 21 is inserted into the hole 12 of the bearing 10 through the inner peripheral hole 29 after the bearing 10 is incorporated in the bearing built-in portion 20. After penetrating the bearing 10, the rotating shaft 21 is inserted into the compressor 23 and fixed to the compressor 23.

With the configuration of the work W as described above, the exhaust gas exhausted from the engine flows into the space 31, and the turbine 22 rotates at that momentum. Due to the rotation of the turbine 22, the rotating shaft 21 pivotally supported by the bearing 10 rotates, and the compressor 23 rotates. Further, the rotation of the compressor 23 compresses the air flowing in from the intake port 32, and the compressed air is sent to the intake portion of the engine through the space 33.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, the incorporating of the bearing 10 into the work W using the bearing incorporating jig 1 of the present invention will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the work W is positioned and placed on the support base 3, the work W is sandwiched and fixed by the fixing plate 6. Then, when the work W is fixed, the moving shaft 4a is raised and moved through the bearing built-in portion 20 in the work W to be positioned at the raised position. When the work W is positioned at a predetermined position, the moving shafts 4a and 4b can move through the inside of the bearing built-in portion 20 without contacting the outer wall.

As shown in FIG. 7, the bearing 10 is placed on the bearing holding portion 18 on the moving shaft 4a. At this time, the bearing 10 is positioned and placed by engaging the groove 16 of the bearing 10 with the convex portion of the bearing holding portion 18. In this state, the moving shaft 4b is lowered to sandwich the bearing 10 between the moving shaft 4a and the moving shaft 4b. A groove 16 is also formed on the opposite surface of the bearing, and a bearing holding portion 18 is provided on the moving shaft 4b so that the groove 16 and the bearing holding portion 18 engage with each other when the bearing 10 is sandwiched. You may.

When the bearing 10 is sandwiched between the two moving shafts 4a and 4b, both the moving shafts 4a and 4b are lowered into the bearing built-in portion 20 as shown in FIG. 8, and the bearing 10 is inserted into the bearing built-in portion 20. Both the moving shafts 4a and 4b can be stopped by appropriate stoppers (not shown) so that the bearing 10 comes to a predetermined position.

Subsequently, the positioning pin 19 of the positioning means 17 protrudes toward the locking hole 27, and the positioning pin 19 is inserted into the locking portion 13 through the locking hole 27. As a result, the bearing 10 is positioned and fixed to the bearing built-in portion 20. The positioning means 17 may be driven manually or by a cylinder or the like. After the assembly is completed, the positioning pin 19 is removed, the knock pin is inserted into the locking portion 13 instead, and the bearing 10 is fixed.

Subsequently, the bearing 10 is released from the movement shafts 4a and 4b, and the movement shafts 4a and 4b are separated from each other. Further, the positioning pin 19 moves out of the locking portion 13. The knock pin may be driven into the locking portion 13 at the same time as the positioning pin 19 is moved out.

The above is the configuration of the bearing built-in jig 1 according to an example of the present invention, but it is possible to make appropriate changes within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the bearing built-in jig 1 described above has a bearing holding portion 18, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Specifically, the bearing built-in jig 1 may sandwich the bearing 10 between the pair of moving shafts without the bearing holding portion 18. Further, the bearing holding portion 18 is not limited to a cross shape, and various shapes such as a straight line, a circle, a triangle, and a rectangle can be adopted, and an uneven shape such as an engaging pin can also be adopted.

Further, the rotation direction of the moving shaft may be fixed. In this case, it may be applied when a bearing whose rotation direction is not specified is used, or when the bearing 10 is fixed to the moving shaft in a positioned state.

Further, the work W to which the bearing 10 is assembled is not limited to the turbocharger, and may be a member used for other parts constituting the automobile or various devices other than the device related to the automobile such as a hard disk. good. Also in these members and the like, the bearing built-in jig 1 can be suitably used for assembling the bearing.

Further, the bearing 10 is not limited to a full float bearing or a semi-floating bearing, and may be various bearings such as a ball bearing and a roller bearing. Further, the bearing 10 may have no locking portion on the peripheral surface.

In the present embodiment, the turbocharger has been described as an example of the work W, but it can be applied to various types as long as the bearing is incorporated in a predetermined position in the housing. Further, in the present embodiment, the bearing is incorporated from the vertical direction, but the bearing may be incorporated along various directions such as the horizontal direction.

The present invention can be preferably used for a turbocharger or the like in which bearings need to be assembled precisely.

1 Bearing built-in jig 3 Support base 4a Moving shaft 4b Moving shaft 10 Bearing 13 Locking part 15 End face 17 Positioning means 18 Bearing holding part 20 Bearing built-in part W work (turbocharger)

Claims (1)

It is a bearing built-in jig that incorporates bearings into the work.
A support base for positioning and fixing the work,
A pair of moving shafts that sandwich the bearing, and
The moving shaft is formed so as to be movable through a bearing built-in portion provided in the work.
A bearing incorporating jig, characterized in that the bearing is incorporated into a work by moving the bearing to the bearing incorporating portion while sandwiching the bearing between both moving shafts.

Images