JP7236064B1 - Construction method for new block formwork block, concrete structure and concrete foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

A new block formwork block, a concrete structure, and a method for constructing a concrete foundation are provided that eliminate the need for fastening work on the lower end side when fastening bolts and enable construction of a concrete structure to be completed in a short period of time. SOLUTION: A new building block form block 2 for constructing a concrete structure 1 by stacking a plurality of layers and fastening with bolts, the bolt insertion hole 22 extending from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21 to the lower end part. It communicates up to the front and has a cross-sectional shape in plan view that corresponds to the dimension of the T-shaped end 41 of the T-shaped bolt 4 to be inserted, and has a length that is larger than the length of the T-shaped end 41 in the longitudinal direction. The bolt locking chamber 23 has a width smaller than the length of the T-shaped end 41 in the longitudinal direction, and the bolt locking chamber 23 has a space that allows the T-shaped bolt 4 to rotate about 90 degrees around the rotation axis. It also has a ceiling surface 231 with which the upper end surface 411 of the T-shaped end portion 41 abuts and is locked. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a new block formwork block manufactured as a secondary product of concrete, a concrete structure, and a method for constructing a concrete foundation.

Concrete structures are generally constructed by assembling formwork at the construction site to form the foundations, columns, walls, floors, ceilings, etc. of the structure. After the concrete has hardened, the formwork is removed for construction. However, in such a construction method, it is essential to assemble and remove formwork before and after placing concrete. Moreover, the assembly and removal of the formwork require a great deal of labor, which is one of the factors that greatly affect the lengthening of the construction period.

For example, building foundations require many work procedures such as laying crushed stone, pouring concrete, assembling reinforcing bars, assembling formwork, pouring concrete, curing concrete, and removing formwork. It takes about 20 days to construct the foundation of a typical house with a floor area of about 20 to 30 pyeong.

By the way, Nakamura, the inventor of the present application, has been developing a concrete structure using a concrete rod-shaped member, and has patent rights as shown in Japanese Patent No. 3240373 (Patent Document 1). . According to this patent document 1, a concrete structure is constructed by forming a through hole penetrating in a height direction in a horizontally elongated concrete bar member having a rectangular cross section, stacking the bar members in a plurality of stages, and passing through the through hole. It is constructed by inserting bolts and fastening nuts from above and below.

Japanese Patent No. 3240373

However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the operation of fastening the lower end of the through-bolt and the nut is performed by installing the bar-shaped member of the lowest stage (first stage) on the mounting base, and forming a concave shape on the lower surface of the bar-shaped member. It is carried out in a narrow gap with the formed mounting base. Therefore, workability is poor and a lot of time is required.

In addition, rod-shaped members, which are secondary products of concrete, shrink during curing (hardening), making the inner diameter of the through-hole narrower than the design value. If there is distortion, the positions of the through-holes may shift, making it difficult to insert the through-bolt.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and is a new block formwork that eliminates the fastening work on the lower end side when fastening bolts and can shorten the construction of concrete structures. The object is to provide a construction method for blocks, concrete structures and concrete foundations.

The new building block form block according to the present invention is a new building block form for constructing a concrete structure by stacking in multiple stages and fastening with bolts in order to solve the problem of facilitating bolt fastening work. a horizontally long concrete block having a rectangular cross section; a plurality of bolt insertion holes vertically formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the block; and a hollow bolt locking chamber formed in the block body at a lower end position of the bolt insertion hole, and the bolt insertion hole communicates from the upper end surface of the block body to the front of the lower end portion of the block body. In addition, the cross-sectional shape in plan view corresponds to the dimension of the T-shaped end of the T-shaped bolt to be inserted, and has a vertical width larger than the length of the T-shaped end in the longitudinal direction, and the T The bolt locking chamber has a width smaller than the longitudinal length of the T-shaped end portion, and the bolt locking chamber has a space capable of rotating the T-shaped bolt about 90 degrees around the rotation axis. It has a ceiling surface with which the upper end surface of the end portion is brought into contact and locked.

In addition, as one aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the problem of enabling connection between stacked blocks and connection with other members such as round steel pipes, the new building block formwork block is provided on the block body It has a bolt through hole that penetrates from the end face to the lower end face and is formed in a cross-sectional shape through which the T-shaped bolt can be inserted. They may be formed so as to be alternately arranged along the direction.

In the concrete structure according to the present invention, in order to solve the problems of facilitating the bolt fastening work and shortening the construction period, the new building block formwork block is installed at the bottom as the first new building block formwork block. In addition, on the upper stage of the first new building block form block, a second new building block form block in which a bolt through hole is formed at a position that can communicate with each bolt insertion hole is stacked one or more levels, The T-shaped bolt is inserted from the bolt through hole of the second new building block form block on the uppermost stage to the bolt locking chamber through the bolt insertion hole of the first new building block form block on the lowest stage. The upper end surface of the T-shaped end portion is engaged with the ceiling surface of the bolt engagement chamber, and is fastened and fixed by tightening the nut.

The concrete structure according to the present invention is a concrete structure constructed by stacking a plurality of the new building blocks having the bolt insertion holes in order to solve the problems of facilitating the bolt fastening work and shortening the construction period. The structure is stacked at a position where the bolt through-hole of the new building block form block of the upper stage communicates with the bolt insertion hole of the new building block form block of the lower stage, and the Between the new block formwork blocks, the T-shaped bolt is inserted from the bolt through hole on the upper side through the bolt insertion hole on the lower side to the bolt locking chamber, and the upper end surface of the T-shaped end is locked to the ceiling surface of the bolt locking chamber, and the upper and lower new building blocks are fastened and fixed with nuts.

In order to solve the problem of shortening the number of days required for construction, the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention uses a new building block formwork block having the bolt insertion hole as a first new building block formwork block. In the construction method of , a ground leveling step of leveling the ground on which the first new building block form block is installed, and a circle at the position where the bolt through hole of the first new building block form block is arranged on the ground A round steel pipe burying step of burying a steel pipe, a first new building block form block installation step of installing the first new building block form block above the round steel pipe so as to communicate with the bolt through hole, and the round steel pipe and a first new building block block ground for inserting long connecting bolts into the bolt through-holes and fixing them with mortar, and tightening them with nuts after hardening to fix the first new building building block blocks to the ground. a fixing step, wherein a second new building block form block having a bolt through hole is placed on the upper level of the first new building block form block fixed to the ground, and the bolt through hole is a bolt of the first new building block form block; A block stacking step of stacking so as to communicate with the insertion holes, and passing the T-shaped bolt from the bolt through hole of the upper second new building block form block through the bolt insertion hole of the lower first new building block form block The bolt is inserted into the bolt locking chamber, and the T-shaped bolt is rotated about 90 degrees around the rotation axis. and a block fastening step of fastening and fixing the first new building block form block and the second new building block form block by tightening the upper end with a nut.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fastening work of the lower end side at the time of bolt fastening can be made unnecessary, and construction of a concrete structure can be shortened.

1 is a perspective view showing a state in which blocks stacked in a concrete structure according to the present invention are combined into (a) mouth type, (b) H type and (c) T type. FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the concrete structure based on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st new building block formwork block of the 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the 1st new block formwork block of the 1st Embodiment. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. 3; FIG. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the first new building block formwork block. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd new building block formwork block of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the 2nd new building block formwork block of the 1st Embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a concrete structure according to the present invention; It is sectional drawing which shows the new block formwork block of the 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the new block formwork block of the 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a concrete structure (concrete foundation) according to the present invention; FIG. 11 is a flow diagram showing each step of a method for constructing a concrete foundation according to the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing (a) a ground leveling step, (b) a round steel pipe burying step, and (c) a first stacked block installation step in the concrete foundation construction method of the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing (d) first stacked block ground fixing step and (e) block stacking step in the concrete foundation construction method of the third embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the (f) block fastening process in the construction method of the concrete foundation of the 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a concrete foundation set as comparative conditions in Example 1;

A new building block form block according to the present invention and a first embodiment of a concrete structure using the same will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The concrete structure 1 is a structure constructed by stacking concrete blocks, and is shown in FIG. 1(b), H-shaped, and T-shaped structures, respectively.

The concrete structure 1 in the first embodiment is a structure constructed by stacking new building block form blocks 2. As shown in FIG. A new building block form block 2, a second new building block form block 3 stacked above the first new building block form block 2, a first new building block form block 2 and a second new building block form block 3. It has a T-shaped bolt 4 for fastening. Each configuration will be described in detail below.

The first new block formwork block 2 is a block manufactured as a secondary product of concrete to be placed at the bottom of the concrete structure 1, and is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape as shown in FIGS. bolt insertion holes 22 formed in the block body 21; and bolt locking chambers 23 formed at the lower ends of the bolt insertion holes 22.

The block body 21 is a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped concrete block having a rectangular cross section, and although not shown, reinforcing bars are arranged inside. This block body 21 can be made into a standardized shape, and as a standard of the standard, the length dimension is generally in units of 500 cm for the span division of the facility extension of the structure, and the width dimension is the covering dimension of the reinforcing bar. For example, the minimum value is 7 cm for harbor facilities and the like, and about 25 cm is required for arranging double reinforcing bars. Moreover, the height dimension is arbitrary, but it is preferable to set it to be one to two times the width dimension so that the range of application is wide. Therefore, the block 21 preferably has a length of 550 cm or less, a width of 20 cm to 25 cm, and a height of 25 cm to 50 cm.

The bolt insertion holes 22 are a plurality of holes formed in the vertical direction at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the block body 21 . is connected to Therefore, it does not penetrate to the lower end surface 212 .

The bolt insertion hole 22 is formed into a shape into which a so-called T-shaped bolt 4 having a substantially T-shaped locking portion at the end can be inserted. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional shape in plan view corresponds to the dimension of the T-shaped end 41 of the T-bolt 4, and the dimension is greater than the length of the T-shaped end 41 in the longitudinal direction. and a lateral width smaller than the longitudinal length of the T-shaped end 41 . The cross-sectional shape of the bolt insertion hole 22 in the first embodiment is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and considering shrinkage during curing (hardening), the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped end 41 in plan view is are formed based on design dimensions (longitudinal dimension of 70 mm and transverse dimension of 35 mm) that are about 10 mm larger than the dimension of 60 mm and transverse dimension of 25 mm.

The bolt insertion hole 22 in the first embodiment is formed such that its longitudinal direction in plan view is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the block body 21, but the longitudinal direction of the bolt insertion hole 22 is oriented It is not particularly limited, and may be formed along the longitudinal direction of the block body 22 as shown in FIG. good.

Next, the bolt locking chamber 23 is a hollow space formed at the lower end position of the bolt insertion hole 22 inside the block body 21 and locks the T-shaped end portion 41 of the inserted T-shaped bolt 4 . It is an internal space that Therefore, the bolt locking chamber 23 has a space large enough to allow the T-shaped end 41 of the T-shaped bolt 4 to rotate about 90 degrees around the rotation axis of the bolt. It has a ceiling surface 231 that contacts and locks 411 . As shown in FIG. 4, the bolt locking chamber 23 in the first embodiment has a substantially square shape with one side approximately equal to the longitudinal dimension of the bolt insertion hole 22 in a plan view, and has a T-shaped height. It is formed to have a dimension higher than the height dimension of the end portion 41 .

Also, the side and bottom surfaces of the bolt locking chamber 23 are not communicated with the outside. This prevents groundwater and moisture contained in the soil from entering the interior, suppresses deterioration of the concrete block body 21 and corrosion of the T-shaped bolt 4, and prevents mortar and the like from being injected into the room. is designed so that the poured mortar does not flow out to the outside.

It should be noted that the shape of the bolt locking chamber 23 is not limited to a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the top, but may be circular when viewed from the top, although not shown. can be appropriately selected from rotatable shapes.

The manufacturing method of the first new building blocks formwork block 2 is to form a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped formwork, place reinforcing bars therein, pour concrete, and cure (harden) it. Further, the bolt locking holes 22 and the bolt locking chambers 23 are formed by a general construction method to prevent concrete from entering into unnecessary places when forming concrete foundations or manufacturing secondary concrete products. It can be formed by some "box-out" construction method.

Next, the second new block formwork block 3 will be described. The second new building block form block 3 is a block manufactured as a secondary product of concrete that is stacked one or more levels above the first new building block form block 2 to a desired height. As shown in FIG. 8, it has a rectangular parallelepiped block 31 and bolt through holes 32 formed in the block 31 .

The block body 31 of the second new building block form block 3 is, like the block body 21 of the first new building block form block 2, a concrete block formed in a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped shape having a rectangular cross section. is provided with reinforcement for reinforcement.

The bolt through-holes 32 are holes that penetrate in a substantially vertical direction from the upper end surface 311 to the lower end surface 312 of the block body 31 for inserting the T-shaped bolts 4. As shown in FIG. , along the longitudinal direction of the block body 31 , are formed at positions where they can communicate with the respective bolt insertion holes 22 formed in the first new building block form block 2 . As shown in FIG. 8, the bolt through hole 32 in the first embodiment has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in plan view into which the T- shaped end 41 of the T -shaped bolt 4 can be inserted. In consideration of shrinkage during curing, the T-shaped end portion 41 is designed and formed to have dimensions that are one size larger than the dimensions in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction.

The cross-sectional shape of the bolt through-hole 32 in plan view is not limited to a substantially rectangular shape, and may be an elliptical or circular shape as long as the T-shaped end portion 41 can be inserted through the cross-sectional shape. may

In addition, the method for manufacturing the second new building block form block 3 is the same as the manufacturing method for the first new building block form block 2, after forming a horizontally long cubic form and arranging reinforcing bars in it. Concrete is placed and cured (hardened) to form. Further, the bolt through-holes 32 are formed by the "box extraction" method.

The T-shaped bolt 4 is an elongated bolt for fastening the stacked blocks together, and has a male screw thread 42 formed on the upper end side and a substantially inverted T shape on the lower end side. It has a T-shaped end 41 which is shaped as follows. The T-shaped end portion 41 in the first embodiment is formed by arranging a cylindrical bar having substantially the same diameter as the bolt and being longer than the diameter of the bolt in a T-shape at the lower end of the bolt and welding or the like. It is configured by fixing.

As shown in FIG. 2, this T-shaped bolt 4 extends from the bolt through hole 32 of the second new building block form block 3 on the uppermost stage to the bolt insertion hole 22 of the first new building block form block 2 on the lowest stage. The T-shaped end portion 41 is fastened and fixed by tightening the nut 5 with its upper end face 411 locked to the ceiling surface 231 of the bolt locking chamber 23. .

In addition, the T-shaped end portion 41 is not limited to one formed by fixing a cylindrical rod material, and any shape having different dimensions in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction in a plan view can be used as a rod such as a prism. It may be formed by fixing a material, a plate material having a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view, or a shape like a rugby ball.

Next, the construction process of the concrete structure 1 of the first embodiment will be described.

First, the first new block formwork block 2 is installed at the bottom. Next, the second new building block form block 3 is stacked on the upper stage of the first new building block form block 2 to a predetermined height. At this time, the bolt through-holes 32 of the second new building block form block 3, which is the upper (second stage) of the first new building block form block 2, correspond to the bolt insertion holes 22 of the first new building block form block 2. stack so as to communicate with Furthermore, when stacking the second new block formwork blocks 3 on the upper stage, they are stacked so that the bolt through-holes 32 on the lower stage and the bolt through-holes 32 on the upper stage communicate with each other. As a result, the bolt through-holes 32 of the second new building block form blocks 3 of each stage, the bolt insertion holes 22 and the bolt locking chambers 23 of the first new building block form block 2 of the lowest stage communicate with each other in the vertical direction. become.

Next, the T-shaped bolt 4 is inserted into the bolt through-hole 32 of the second new block form block 3 on the uppermost stage. The T-shaped bolt 4 is inserted through the bolt insertion hole 22 of the first new block form block 2 until the T-shaped end 41 reaches the bolt locking chamber 23 . Then, the T-shaped bolt 4 is rotated about 90 degrees around the rotation axis.

Then, the nut 5 is screwed onto the male screw thread 42 of the T-shaped bolt 4 to fasten. In the first embodiment, a washer 51 is inserted between the nut 5 and the bolt through hole 32 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end surface 411 of the T-shaped end portion 41 is locked to the ceiling surface 231 of the bolt locking chamber 23, and the T-shaped bolt 4 does not slip out even if the nut 5 is tightened. Therefore, each block is fastened and fixed, and the concrete structure 1 is constructed.

In addition, in the concrete structure 1 according to the first embodiment, mortar is injected into the bolt through holes 32, the bolt insertion holes 22, and the bolt locking chambers 23 to fix the T-shaped bolts 4 and each block with the mortar.

According to the first embodiment as described above, the following functions and effects can be obtained.
1. Since the concrete structure 1 can be constructed using the first stacking block 2 and the second stacking block 3, which are secondary products of concrete, it is unnecessary to assemble and remove the formwork at the construction site. Construction period can be shortened.
2. Inside the first stacking block 2 installed at the lowest stage, the upper end surface 411 of the T-shaped end portion 41 is brought into contact with the ceiling surface 231 of the bolt locking chamber 23 to lock the T-shaped bolt 4 . Therefore, fastening work in a narrow space, which is required in the prior art, is no longer necessary, and the construction period can be shortened.
3. The operation of locking the T-shaped bolt 4 to the first new building block form block 2 is extremely easy, inserting it through the bolt insertion hole 22 to the bolt locking chamber 23 and rotating it about 90 degrees around the rotation axis of the bolt. It is easy work and can be done without special skills or experience.
4. Since the design dimensions of the bolt through-hole 32 of the second new building block form block 3 and the bolt insertion hole 22 of the first new building block form block 2 are slightly larger than the T-shaped end 4, shrinkage during curing (hardening) The T-shaped bolt 4 can be smoothly inserted even if there is a distortion in the contact surface of each block.

Next, a second embodiment of a new building block formwork block and a concrete structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected about the structure which is the same as that of the structure demonstrated in 1st Embodiment mentioned above, or corresponds, and description for the second time is abbreviate|omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9, the concrete structure 1 in the second embodiment includes a new building block form block 2 that is stacked in multiple stages, and a T-shaped structure that fastens and fixes the stacked new building block form blocks 2 to each other in two stages. and a bolt 4 .

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the new building block form block 2 of the second embodiment includes a block body 21, bolt insertion holes 22 formed in the block body 21, and the lower ends of the bolt insertion holes 22. As shown in FIGS. It has a bolt locking chamber 23 formed at a position and a bolt through hole 24 penetrating through the block body 21 .

The bolt through-holes 24 are holes for connecting with the new block form block 2 on the lower stage, other structures, etc., and penetrate vertically from the upper end surface 211 to the lower end surface 212 of the block body 21 . The bolt through hole 24 formed in the new block form block 2 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in plan view corresponding to the dimensions of the T- shaped end 41 of the T -shaped bolt 4, similar to the bolt insertion hole 22. It is formed in a shape with sufficient design dimensions in consideration of shrinkage due to curing (hardening).

The bolt through holes 24 are formed alternately along the longitudinal direction of the bolt insertion holes 22 and the block body 22. In the second embodiment, the bolt through holes 24 and the bolt insertion holes 22 are arranged alternately. are formed at regular intervals.

Moreover, since the T-shaped bolt 4 and the nut 5 screwed into the T-shaped bolt 4 do not protrude upward from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21 on the upper end surface side of the bolt through hole 24 in the second embodiment, nut housing recess 25 is formed. If the nut 5 or the like may protrude upward from the upper end surface 22 of the block body 21, the nut accommodating recess 25 may not be formed.

The T-shaped bolts 4 are for fastening and fixing the blocks together as in the first embodiment. It is something to do. Therefore, the male thread 42 of the T-bolt 4 protrudes from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21 when the upper end surface 411 of the T-shaped end portion 41 is in contact with the ceiling surface 231 of the bolt locking chamber 23 . The length is formed so as to be disposed within the nut accommodating recess 25 without any gap. If the nut 5 and the like may protrude upward from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21 , the length of the T-shaped bolt 4 may be set so as to protrude from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21 .

Next, the construction process of the concrete structure 1 of the second embodiment will be described.

First, a new building block formwork block 2 is installed at the bottom. At this time, the new building block form block 2 installed at the bottom is the first new building block form block 2 of the first embodiment that does not have the bolt through-holes 24 if it is not necessary to connect with the structure below. may

Next, another new building block form block 2 is stacked on the upper stage of the new building block form block 2 . At this time, they are stacked at a position where the bolt through-holes 24 of the new building block form block 2 of the upper stage communicate with the bolt insertion holes 22 of the new building block form block 2 of the lower stage. As a result, the upper bolt through hole 24 and the lower bolt locking chamber 23 are vertically communicated with each other.

The fastening of the blocks with the T-shaped bolts 4 is performed each time the new block formwork blocks 2 are stacked one level. Specifically, the T-shaped bolt 4 is inserted through the bolt through-hole 24 of the new block form block 2 in the upper stage until the T-shaped end portion 41 reaches the bolt locking chamber 23 in the lower stage. Then, the T-shaped bolt 4 is rotated about 90 degrees around the rotation axis. If necessary, a washer 51 is inserted into the T-shaped bolt 4, and a nut 5 is screwed onto the male screw thread 42 for fastening. Since the upper ends of the nut 5 and the T-shaped bolt 41 are accommodated in the nut accommodating recess 25 , they do not protrude from the upper end surface 211 . Incidentally, if the upper end of the T-shaped bolt 4 protrudes from the upper end surface 211 of the block body 21, the upper end of the T-shaped bolt 4 may be cut off.

After the fastening work of the second stage is performed, the new building block formwork blocks 2 are stacked one by one, and fastening and fixing are performed with T-shaped bolts 4, and the concrete structure 1 is constructed by repeating until a predetermined height is reached.

According to the new building block form block 2 and the concrete structure 1 of the second embodiment as described above, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the new building block form blocks 2 Since the T-shaped bolts 4 are fixed step by step, the length of the T-shaped bolts 4 is shortened, which facilitates the insertion and fastening work, and the number of fastening points increases, so that the strength can be increased.

Next, a concrete structure and a concrete foundation construction method according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected about the structure which is the same as that of the structure demonstrated by 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment mentioned above, or corresponds, and description for the second time is abbreviate|omitted.

The concrete structure 1 in the present three embodiments is mainly a concrete foundation that serves as a building foundation for general wooden houses and prefabricated houses, and as shown in FIG. 2, a first new building block form block 2, a second new building block form block 3, a T-shaped bolt 4, a round steel pipe 6 buried in the ground L, this round steel pipe 6 and the first new building block mold It has a connecting bolt 7 that connects with the frame block 2 .

The round steel pipe 6 is for fixing the first new block formwork block 2 to the ground L, and is a steel pipe buried in the ground like a pile. The round steel tube 6 in the third embodiment has an inner diameter through which the T-shaped end portion 41 of the T -shaped bolt 4 used as the connecting bolt 7 can be inserted. Although the length of the round steel pipe 6 is not particularly limited, it is formed to have a length of about 1 m in the third embodiment.

The connecting bolt 7 is a long bolt used for connecting the round steel pipe 6 and the first new building block form block 2, and extends to the round steel pipe 6 through the bolt through hole 24 of the first new building block form block 2. It is formed in such a length that the upper end is positioned inside the nut accommodating recess 25 when it is inserted. The connecting bolts 7 in the third embodiment are the same as the T-shaped bolts 4, as described above.

Next, a method for constructing a concrete foundation according to the third embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 13, the construction method of the concrete foundation of the third embodiment includes a ground leveling step S1 for leveling the ground L flatly, a round steel pipe burial step S2 for burying the round steel pipe 6, and a first new building block formwork. A first new building block form block installation step S3 for installing the block 2 on the ground L, a first new building block form block ground fixing step S4 for fixing the first new building block form block 2 to the ground L, and a first new building block form block installation step S3. A block stacking step S5 for stacking the second new building block form block 3 on the building block form block 2, and a block fastening process S6 for fastening and fixing the first new building block form block 2 and the second new building block form block 3. have Each step will be described in detail below.

In the ground leveling step S1, as shown in FIG. 14(a), the ground L
It is a process to flatten the ground. In the third embodiment, the ground L is flattened using a hydraulic excavator. You may dig deeper than the original ground L as needed. In addition, cut crushed stone may be laid on the ground L after leveling.

The round steel pipe burying step S2 is a step of burying the round steel pipe 6 at the position where the bolt through-hole 24 of the first new block form block 2 is arranged on the leveled ground L, as shown in FIG. 14(b). The round steel pipe 6 is buried by digging a pilot hole corresponding to the outer diameter of the round steel pipe 6 using a drilling machine such as a hydraulic auger, and inserting the round steel pipe 6 into the pilot hole.

In the first new building block form block installation step S3, as shown in FIG. It is a process to install in. This first new block formwork block 2 becomes the lowest block in the concrete foundation.

In the first new building block form block ground fixing step S4, as shown in FIG. This is the step of fixing the first new block formwork block 2 to the ground L by fastening. In the third embodiment, the T-shaped bolt 4 is inserted as the connecting bolt 7 with the T-shaped end 41 directed downward. After the connecting bolts 7 are inserted, mortar is injected from the bolt through-holes 24 and hardened to fix the connecting bolts 7 to the round steel pipes 6 and the first new building blocks 2 . Further, a washer 51 is put into the connecting bolt 7, and the nut 5 is screwed to fasten. As a result, the first new block formwork block 2 is fastened to the round steel pipe 6 buried in the ground and fixed to the ground L. In addition, in the third embodiment, by using the T-shaped bolt 4 as the connecting bolt 7, the T-shaped end portion 41 is engaged with the mortar in the hardened round steel pipe 6, so that the bolt can be prevented from coming off.

In the block stacking step S5, as shown in FIG. 15(e), a second new building block form block 3 having a bolt through-hole 32 is placed on the upper stage of the first new building block form block 2 fixed to the ground L. , the bolt through-holes 32 are stacked so as to communicate with the bolt insertion holes 22 of the first new block form block 2 . At this time, the second new block formwork block 3 may be stacked in two or more stages according to the required height.

The block fastening step S6 is, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the T-shaped bolt 4 is inserted from the bolt through hole 32 of the upper second new building block form block 3 through the bolt insertion hole 22 of the lower first new building block form block 2 to the bolt locking chamber 23. Then, the inserted T-shaped bolt 4 is rotated about 90 degrees around the rotation axis. Then, the upper end is tightened with the nut 2 while the upper end surface 411 of the T-shaped end portion 41 of the T-shaped bolt 4 is locked to the ceiling surface 231 of the bolt locking chamber 23 . As a result, the first new building block form block 2 and the second new building block form block 3 are fastened and fixed.

In the block fastening step S<b>6 , mortar may be injected from the bolt through holes 32 to fix the T-shaped bolts 4 to the second stacking block 3 and the first stacking block 2 as necessary. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, square lumber (timber) W may be stacked on the upper stage of the second stacking block 3 before fastening the T-shaped bolt 4, and the lumber W may be fastened and fixed together with each block.

In the third embodiment, a concrete foundation is completed as the concrete structure 1 by the above steps. When using a raft foundation, place reinforcing bars inside each block and pour concrete. Moreover, when excavating deeper than the original ground in the leveling step S1, earth and sand may be backfilled around the concrete foundation.

According to the concrete structure and concrete foundation construction method of the third embodiment as described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be obtained, and the construction of the conventional building foundation can be performed in 20 minutes. Although it takes about 10 days to complete the construction, the concrete foundation can be completed in about 4 to 10 days because it does not require the number of days for assembling and removing the formwork and curing (hardening) the concrete. can be made

In Example 1, a comparison of construction costs and construction days for concrete foundations was made between the case of using the conventional method and the case of using the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention.

As a comparison condition, as shown in FIG. 17, the concrete foundation was prepared by laying cut crushed stone on the leveled ground, pouring solid concrete, and forming a foundation with a side of 5 m and a height of 1 m. is set when constructing However, in the method for constructing a concrete foundation according to the present invention, it is assumed that the concrete beating is not performed after performing the block fastening process.

First, the volume of the excavated soil, cut crushed stone, solid concrete and the weight of the concrete (including reinforcing bars) were calculated by the conventional method. The calculation results are as follows.
Excavated soil = average 3.5m x 0.4m x (6m x 4 locations) = ^33.6m2
Cut crushed stone = (1.2m + 2.4m) x 0.35m x 1/2 x (6m x 4 places) = 15m ²
Solid concrete = (1.0 m x 0.2 m) x 1/2 x (6 m x 4 places) = 2.4 m ²
Concrete (including rebar) = (5m + 4.7m) x 0.12m x 1m x 2 locations = 2.33m ² x 2.45 = 5700kg

The construction cost was calculated based on each calculated volume and weight. As a result, the construction cost was 727,000 yen as shown in Table 1 below.

On the other hand, the construction cost when using the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention was 649,000 yen as shown in Table 2 below.

Therefore, the construction cost for the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention is 649,000 yen, which is about 10% lower than the conventional method's 727,000 yen. Even if solid casting is performed after building the foundation in the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention, the construction cost will be 700,000 yen with the addition of the solid concrete of 51,000 yen, which is different from the conventional method. It can be constructed at the same or slightly less cost.

Next, we examined the construction days. The construction process by the conventional method and the number of days required for each process are as follows.
(1) Excavation and subgrade leveling: 2 days (2) Spreading of cut crushed stone of 40mm class: 1 day (3) Placing concrete: 1 day (4) Concrete curing: 5 days (5) Reinforcement assembly: 2 days (6) Molding Frame assembly: 2 days (7) Concrete placement: 1 day (8) Concrete curing: 5 days (9) Formwork dismantling: Total number of days per day: 20 days

On the other hand, the construction process and the number of days required for each process by the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention are as follows.
(1) Excavation and subgrade leveling: 2 days (2) Spreading of 40mm-class cut crushed stone: 1 day (3) Round bar burial, block stacking, fastening: 4 days per day

Therefore, the number of construction days by the construction method of the concrete foundation according to the present invention is about 4 days, which can be significantly shortened compared to about 20 days for the conventional method. Even if the concrete foundation construction method according to the present invention is used to construct a concrete foundation, it takes about 10 days, which is about half the number of days required for the conventional method.

As described above, the method for constructing a concrete foundation according to the present invention has a lower construction cost or the same level as the conventional method of constructing a foundation using a formwork at a construction site, and the number of construction days is greatly shortened. The result was that it was possible. It is believed that this will solve the recent problems of labor shortages and shortages of skilled workers.

In addition, the construction method of the new block form block, concrete structure, and concrete foundation according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the (first) new building block form block 2 and the second new building block form block 3 may have fixtures on the side surfaces like the rod-shaped members in Japanese Patent No. 3240373. In addition, although not shown, the first) new building block form block 2 and the second new building block form block 3 are stacked to form unevenness that can be engaged with each other on the contact surfaces (upper end surface and lower end surface), The positions of the stacked blocks may be less likely to shift. Furthermore, when soil is buried on the back side of the concrete structure 1, an adhesive such as mortar is applied between the blocks to prevent the water content of the backfill soil from leaking out from the gaps between the blocks to the front side. may be filled. Furthermore, the (first) new block formwork block 2 may be placed vertically and used as a column of the concrete structure 1 .

1 Concrete structure 2 New building block form block, first new building block form block 3 Second new building block form block 4 T-shaped bolt 5 Nut 6 Round steel pipe 7 Connecting bolt 8 Mortar 21 Block body 22 Bolt insertion hole 23 Bolt engagement Locking chamber 24 Bolt through hole 25 Nut accommodating recess 211 Upper end surface 212 Lower end surface 231 Ceiling surface of bolt locking chamber 31 Block body 32 Bolt through hole 311 Upper end surface 312 Lower end surface 41 T-shaped end
42 External thread 411 Top face of T-shaped end 51 Washer L Ground L
W lumber (wood)

Claims (5)

A new building block formwork block for constructing a concrete structure by stacking in multiple stages and fastening with bolts,
a horizontally long concrete block having a rectangular cross section;
a plurality of bolt insertion holes vertically formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the block;
a hollow bolt locking chamber formed in the block body at a lower end position of the bolt insertion hole;
and
The bolt insertion hole communicates from the upper end surface of the block body to the front of the lower end, and has a cross-sectional shape in plan view corresponding to the dimensions of the T-shaped end of the T-shaped bolt to be inserted. having a longitudinal width greater than the longitudinal length of the T-shaped end and a lateral width less than the longitudinal length of the T-shaped end;
The bolt locking chamber has a space in which the T-shaped bolt can be rotated about 90 degrees around the rotation axis, and has a ceiling surface with which the upper end surface of the T-shaped end portion is brought into contact and locked. said new building blocks. The new block formwork block has a bolt through hole penetrating from the upper end surface to the lower end surface of the block body and having a cross-sectional shape that allows the T-shaped bolt to be inserted, and the bolt through hole 2. The new building block form block according to claim 1, wherein the bolt insertion holes and the bolt insertion holes are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction of the block body. The new building block form block according to claim 1 or claim 2 is installed at the bottom as the first new building block form block, and the above first new building block form block is inserted with each bolt The second new building block formwork block having a bolt through hole formed at a position that can communicate with the hole is stacked one or more levels,
The T-shaped bolt is inserted from the bolt through hole of the second new building block form block on the uppermost stage to the bolt locking chamber through the bolt insertion hole of the first new building block form block on the lowest stage. and is fastened and fixed by tightening a nut in a state in which the upper end surface of the T-shaped end portion is locked to the ceiling surface of the bolt locking chamber. A concrete structure constructed by stacking the new building blocks formwork blocks according to claim 2 in multiple stages,
It is stacked at a position where the bolt through hole of the new building block form block of the upper stage communicates with the bolt insertion hole of the new building block form block of the lower stage, and between the new building block form blocks of the upper and lower stages , the T-shaped bolt is inserted from the bolt through hole on the upper side to the bolt locking chamber through the bolt insertion hole on the lower side, and the upper end surface of the T-shaped end portion is aligned with the bolt locking chamber. A concrete structure constructed by fastening and fixing the new building block form blocks on the upper and lower stages by tightening them with nuts while they are locked to the ceiling surface of the upper and lower stages. A method for constructing a concrete foundation using the new building block formwork block according to claim 2 as a first new building block formwork block,
A ground leveling step of leveling the ground on which the first new building block formwork is to be installed;
A round steel pipe burying step of burying a round steel pipe in the ground at a position where the bolt through-hole of the first new block form block is to be arranged;
A first new building block form block installation step of installing the first new building block form block so as to communicate with the bolt through hole above the round steel pipe;
Long connecting bolts are inserted into the round steel pipes and the bolt through-holes and fixed with mortar, and after hardening, they are fastened with nuts to fix the first new building blocks to the ground. a frame block ground fixing step;
A second new building block form block having a bolt through hole is placed on the upper level of the first new building block form block fixed to the ground, and the bolt through hole communicates with the bolt insertion hole of the first new building block form block. A block stacking step of stacking in such a manner as to
The T-shaped bolt is inserted from the bolt through hole of the upper second new building block form block through the bolt insertion hole of the lower first new building block form block to the bolt locking chamber, and the T-shaped bolt is inserted. While rotating about 90 degrees around the rotation axis, the upper end of the T-shaped end is locked to the ceiling surface of the bolt locking chamber, and the upper end is tightened with a nut to tighten the first new building block. and a block fastening step of fastening and fixing the second new block formwork block.

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