JP7235236B2 - Solidified moisture-permeable structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a solidified moisture-permeable structure using carbide particles and a method for producing the same.

In the low-temperature drying method for wood, vegetables, fruits, and herbal medicines, moisture-permeable structures are used for walls, ceilings, doors, and floors that form the body of the dryer. In this case, the carbide particles are used for the moisture permeable structure because they have moisture absorption, internal diffusion and moisture removal properties.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional non-solidified moisture-permeable structure (see Patent Document 1).

As shown in FIG. 10, the non-solidified moisture permeable structure has a carbide particle layer 101 made of carbide particles 101a with a diameter of 0.1 μm to 10 mm and holes 102a with a diameter of 0.1 μm to 100 μm sandwiching the carbide particle layer 101. It is composed of two moisture permeable sheets 102-1 and 102-2. In this case, the surfaces of carbide particles 101a are not covered with other substances. Therefore, the water vapor V composed of water vapor particles of about 0.4 nm is permeated by the moisture-permeable sheet 102-1 by a diffusion phenomenon, further absorbed and internally diffused by the carbide particle layer 101, and is permeated from the moisture-permeable sheet 102-2. , exhibiting high water vapor permeability.

FIG. 11 shows a conventional solidified moisture-permeable structure , (A) is an overall perspective view, and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view (see Patent Document 2).

As shown in FIG. 11, the solidified moisture-permeable structure is composed of carbide particles 201 having an average particle size of 1 to 600 μm and a foam carrier 202 made of a thermoplastic resin containing 5 to 60% by weight. Therefore, since the carbide particles 201 are supported by the foam carrier 202, the carbide particles 201 do not scatter, and do not settle over time. In other words, it has high resistance to vibration.

Japanese Patent No. 5963101 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-181431 (Patent No. 4571723

However, in the conventional non-solidified moisture permeable structure shown in FIG. 10, it is necessary to finely mesh the moisture permeable sheets 102-1 and 102-2 in order to prevent the carbide particles 101a of the carbide particle layer 101 from scattering. There is a problem. Moreover, since the carbide particles 101a sediment due to vibration with the lapse of usage time, there is also a problem that the resistance to vibration is low.

On the other hand, in the conventional solidified moisture-permeable structure shown in FIG. 11, since the surface area of the carbide particles 201 covered with the foam support 202 is large, the exposed surface area of the carbide particles 201 is small. There is a problem that the water vapor permeation function of 201 cannot be exhibited sufficiently.

Furthermore, the loading of conjugates at the polymer size level smaller than the nanometer level, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), rosin ester, lacquer, lignin, and lignophenol, depends on the loading force at the polymer size level. , it may be necessary to cover a large portion of the surface area of the carbide particles in order to obtain sufficient carrying capacity. Therefore, there is a possibility of deteriorating the water vapor permeability function of the carbide particles.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention contains carbide particles, a carrier for supporting the carbide particles, and a fixing agent component between the carbide particles and the carrier. , the carrier is at least one of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals), chitin nanofibers, chitosan nanofibers, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanofibers, and This fixing agent is based on vinegar solution .

In addition, a method for producing a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention includes a dispersing step of dispersing carbide particles , a carrier , and a fixing agent in water in order to produce the above-described solidified moisture-permeable structure; It comprises a heating step for heating dispersed water, a dehydration step for dehydrating the heated water, and a drying step for drying the dehydrated substance.

According to the present invention, since the carbide particles are supported by the carrier, it is possible to prevent the carbide particles from scattering and from sedimentation. Therefore, vibration resistance against vibration can be improved. In addition, since the surface area of the carbide particles covered by the nanometer-level support is very small, it is possible to maximize the water vapor permeation function of the carbide particles.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The 1st Embodiment of the solidified moisture-permeable structure which concerns on this invention is shown, (A) is a whole sectional drawing, (B) is an internal enlarged sectional view. FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG. 1. FIG. 2nd Embodiment of the solidified moisture-permeable structure which concerns on this invention is shown, (A) is a whole sectional drawing, (B) is an internal enlarged sectional view. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG. 3; FIG. An example involving a heating step is shown here. A moisture permeation rate measuring device is shown, (A) is a cross-sectional view, and (B) is a top view of a moisture permeable container. It is a perspective view showing a vibration measuring device. It is a table|surface which shows a vibration measurement result. Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention, where (A) is an overall cross-sectional view and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view. FIG. 9 is a flow chart for explaining a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG. 8. FIG. An example involving a heating step is shown here. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional non-solidified moisture-permeable structure. 1 shows a conventional solidified moisture-permeable structure, (A) is an overall cross-sectional view, and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention, where (A) is an overall cross-sectional view and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 1, carbide particles 1 are carried by a carrier 2. As shown in FIG. In this case, the carbide particles 1 have a diameter of, for example, about 0.1 μm to 100 μm, while the carrier 2 includes nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals), chitin nanofibers, chitosan nanofibers, carboxymethyl cellulose ( CMC) at least one of the nanofibers, very small in diameter. For example, nanocellulose fibers have a length of 5 μm or more and a diameter of 4-100 nm, and cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 100-500 nm. The thickness t is, for example, 10-30 mm. Therefore, as in the conventional solidified moisture-permeable structure shown in FIG. 11, the carbide particles 1 are not scattered and are not sedimented by vibration, and as a result, vibration resistance against vibration can be improved. Further, since the surface area of the carbide particles 1 covered by the support 2 is very small, the function of the carbide particles 1 to permeate the water vapor V can be sufficiently exhibited.

Next, a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

First, in the carbide particle preparation step 21, 20 g of charcoal whose particle diameter is reduced by a crusher (Izumo Carbon Co., Ltd., "Charcoal Hachi", carbonization temperature of 800 degrees, carbonization degree of 90% or more) is prepared as the carbide particles 1. The particle size distribution of the carbide particles 1 in this case was obtained by classifying a certain amount with a stainless sieve.
125 μm-90 μm: 3.1 g
125 μm or more: 7.6 g
90 μm or less: None.

Next, in nanocellulose preparation step 22, a solution containing nanocellulose is prepared. For example, nanocellulose fibers are produced by mechanical disintegration of plant cell walls or the like, and cellulose nanocrystals are produced by acid hydrolysis. Here, 10 g of an aqueous solution containing cellulose nanofibers (BiNFi-s series, WMa-10002, manufactured by Sugino Machine, 2 wt.%) is prepared.

Next, in the carbide particle/nanocellulose dispersing step 23, 1 liter of tap water was added to 10 g of the aqueous solution containing 20 g of the above-described carbide particles and cellulose nanofibers, and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes (LAB. STIRRER, MS3040, Max. 3000 rpm , AC 100 W). The rotational speed of the stirrer was about 300 rpm.

Next, in the dehydration step 24, the tap water in the carbide particle/nanocellulose dispersion step 23 is transferred to a 1-liter plastic bottle and filtered with a suction filter covered with a moisture-permeable sheet having pores with a diameter of 0.1 μm to 100 μm. dehydrated by

Next, in the drying step 25, it is transferred into a dryer, a moisture-permeable sheet having holes with a diameter of 0.1 μm to 100 μm is placed on the upper surface side, the temperature is set to 45 degrees, and a decompression pump (1 Stage Vacuum Pump CE, Model A68N05 , the lowest realizable pressure: 10 Pa), and dried by reducing the pressure in the dryer.

Finally, in a cutting step 26, it is cut to the desired size.

In the nanocellulose preparation step 22 and the carbide particle/nanocellulose dispersion step 23, chitin nanofibers, chitosan nanofibers, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanofibers, or a combination thereof may be used instead of nanocellulose.

In addition, since the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a fixed structure , one or two moisture permeable sheets (see FIG. 10) can be omitted if necessary.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention, where (A) is an overall cross-sectional view and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the carbide particles 1 and carrier 2 of FIG. The fixing agent, which is the basis of the fixing agent component 3, is mainly composed of vinegar such as bamboo vinegar. In this case, compared with the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG.

Next, a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, a vinegar preparation step 71 and a heating step 72 are added to the steps of FIG. 2, and the carbide particle/nanocellulose dispersion step 23 is changed to a carbide particle/nanocellulose/vinegar dispersion step 23'.

In the vinegar solution preparation step 71, 15 cc of bamboo vinegar solution (manufactured by Cainz Home Co., Ltd.) is prepared.

Next, in the carbide particle/nanocellulose/acetic acid dispersion step 23', 20 g of the above-described carbide particles, 10 g (2 wt%) of an aqueous solution containing cellulose nanofibers, and 15 cc of vinegar were added to 1 liter of tap water and stirred for 20 minutes. (LAB. STIRRER, MS3040, Max. 3000 rpm, AC 100 W). The rotational speed of the stirrer was about 300 rpm.

Next, in the heating step, stirring is performed while heating, and stirring is stopped about 2 minutes after the temperature reaches 77°C. At this point, stirring was stopped and the vessel was capped and heating continued. Boiling started when 5 minutes had passed after the stirring was stopped. Boiling was continued for 15 minutes and heating was stopped. The bamboo vinegar solution may be added from the start of heating to during boiling, and the aqueous solution containing cellulose nanofibers may be added from the start of heating to the start of boiling.

After that, a dehydration process 24, a drying process 25, and a cutting process 26 are performed.

Also, since the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 also has a fixed structure, one or two moisture-permeable sheets (see FIG. 10) can be omitted if necessary.

Next, the moisture permeability (moisture permeation rate) of the solidified moisture permeable structure A shown in FIG. 3 and the moisture permeability (moisture permeation rate) of the conventional non-solidified moisture permeable structure B shown in FIG. 10 were compared. .

Cup method moisture permeation rate measurement was performed using the moisture permeation rate measuring apparatus of FIG.

5, in an incubator 30 (INCUBATOR SIB-35 manufactured by Sansho Co., Ltd.), a polyethylene moisture-permeable container 31a for the solidified moisture-permeable structure A in FIG. 3 and a non-solidified moisture-permeable structure B in FIG. A moisture-permeable container 31b (not shown) made of polyethylene is provided. The size of each moisture permeable container 31a, 31b is 100 mm long×80 mm wide×50 mm high. Moisture-permeable containers 31a and 31b (not shown) are filled with moisture absorbents 33a and 33b (not shown) made of 115 g of calcium chloride granules (moisturizer sold by DCM Holdings Co., Ltd.). The solidified moisture-permeable structure A of FIG. 3 and the non-solidified moisture-permeable structure B of FIG. Plywood pair 35a, 35b (180 mm wide x 5 mm high) sandwiches moisture permeable container 31a, 31b and cushion rubber pair 34a, 34b, and 5.5 mm diameter x 100 mm high steel bolts are attached to the four corners. It was tightened with screws 36a, 36b, washers and nuts. A constant temperature bath (Water Bath BM100, manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) is provided in the lower part of the incubator 30 .

Next, the operation of the moisture permeation rate measuring device of FIG. 5 will be described. The inside of the incubator 30 was set to 50°C in a constant temperature bath, and 2.5 L of water in the constant temperature bath was heated to 50°C. It was assumed that the vapor pressure within the incubator 30 was approximately equal to the saturated vapor pressure (100% relative humidity). The water vapor V permeates the solidified moisture-permeable structure A and the non-solidified moisture-permeable structure B housed in the incubator 30, and the amount absorbed by the moisture absorbents 33a and 33b after 21 hours is measured by an electronic balance (FA-200 , precision 0.01 g, manufactured by Kensei Kogyo Co., Ltd.). As a result, the moisture absorbent 33a provided with the solidified moisture permeable structure A absorbed 7.06 g of water vapor, and the moisture absorbent 33b provided with the non-solidified moisture permeable structure B absorbed 7.10 g of water vapor. Therefore, the moisture permeation rates of the solidified moisture permeable structure A (second embodiment) and the non-solidified moisture permeable structure B (conventional) are calculated as follows.
A: 7.06/0.0063 x (24/21) = 1281 (g/ ^m2 /day)
B: 7.10/0.0063 x (24/21) = 1288 (g/ ^m2 /day)

Thus, when the solidified moisture permeable structure A in FIG. 3 and the non-solidified moisture permeable structure B in FIG. .

Next, the vibration resistance of the solidified moisture permeable structure A in FIG. 3 and the vibration resistance of the non-solidified moisture permeable structure B in FIG. 10 were compared.

Vibration measurement was performed using the vibration measuring device shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, a lidded polyethylene container 42 of 11 cm long×8 cm wide×4.7 cm high is placed in a lidless polyethylene container 41 of 16 cm long×12 cm wide×11 cm high. A vibration generating unit 43 (NISSO Mu μ-1000 (air pump for breeding ornamental fish), AC 100 V/25 W/(50/60 Hz), Nippon Suishin Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is provided at the bottom of the container 41 .

Next, the operation of the vibration measuring device shown in FIG. 6 will be described. A sheet of paper 44 is laid on the bottom surface of the container 41, the container 42 is placed on top of it, the solidified moisture permeable structure A or the non-solidified moisture permeable structure B is placed thereon, and after vibrating for 3 minutes, The solidified moisture-permeable structure A or the non-solidified moisture-permeable structure B was taken out, and the weight of the carbonized particles that had fallen into the paper 44 and the container 41 was measured with the electronic balance described above. The measurement results are shown in FIG.

Thus, in the solidified moisture-permeable structure A of FIG. 3, compared with the non-solidified moisture-permeable structure B of FIG. rice field.

FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to the present invention, where (A) is an overall cross-sectional view and (B) is an internal enlarged cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the carbide particles 1 and support 2 of FIG. The fixation-imparting agent component 4 or the fixation-imparting agent on which the fixation-imparting component 4 is based is rosin ester or lacquer . In this case, the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG. 8 can improve vibration resistance against vibration by the fixation imparting agent component 4 as compared with the solidified moisture-permeable structure of FIG.

Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure shown in FIG. 8 including a heating step will be described with reference to FIG. However, if the heating step can be omitted, it may be omitted.

In FIG. 9, a rosin ester preparation step 91 and a heating step 92 are added to the steps of FIG. 2, and the carbide particle/nanocellulose dispersion step 23 is changed to a carbide particle/nanocellulose/rosin ester dispersion step 23''.

In the rosin ester preparation step 91, 10 g of rosin ester is prepared.

Next, in the carbide particle/nanocellulose/rosin ester dispersion step 23″, 20 g of the above-described carbide particles, 10 g of the aqueous solution containing cellulose nanofibers, and 10 g of rosin ester are added to 1 liter of tap water and stirred for 20 minutes (LAB. STIRRER, MS3040, Max. 3000 rpm, AC 100 W).

Next, in a heating step 92, stirring is performed while heating, and stirring is stopped about 2 minutes after reaching 77°C. At this point, stop stirring, cover the vessel and continue heating. When boiling starts after stopping stirring, continue boiling for 15 minutes and stop heating. The bamboo vinegar solution may be added from the start of heating to during boiling, and the aqueous solution containing cellulose nanofibers may be added from the start of heating to the start of boiling.

After that, a dehydration process 24, a drying process 25, and a cutting process 26 are performed.

In addition, since the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8 also has a fixed structure , one or two moisture permeable sheets (see FIG. 10) can be omitted if necessary.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the surface of the solidified moisture-permeable structure is sprayed with a solution in which a support, an adhesion imparting agent or a water-soluble polymer is dissolved, and dried to solidify. The degree of solidification of the solidified moisture-permeable structure can be increased without greatly degrading the moisture-permeable function of the moisture-permeable structure . Examples of water-soluble polymers include naturally derived starch, gelatin, semi-synthetic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose (MC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylamide (PAM), poly Among synthetic polymers such as ethylene oxide (PEO), those having a moisture permeation function are suitable.

The present invention can be applied to any modification within the obvious scope of the above embodiment.

1: Carbide particles 2: Carrier 3: Fixing agent component 4: Fixation imparting agent component

Claims (7)

carbide particles;
a support for supporting the carbide particles;
a fixing agent component between the carbide particles and the support,
the carrier is at least one of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals), chitin nanofibers, chitosan nanofibers, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanofibers;
The fixing agent, which is the basis of the fixing agent component, is a solidified moisture-permeable structure containing vinegar as a main component. carbide particles;
a support for supporting the carbide particles;
and a sticking agent component between the carbide particles and the carbide particles,
the carrier is at least one of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals), chitin nanofibers, chitosan nanofibers, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanofibers;
The solidified moisture-permeable structure, wherein the fixation imparting agent component or the fixation imparting agent on which the fixation imparting agent component is based is rosin ester or lacquer. 3. The solidified moisture-permeable structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the solidified moisture-permeable structure is spray-irradiated with a solution in which the carrier, the fixing agent or the water-soluble polymer is dissolved, and dried. A method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure according to claim 1,
a dispersing step for dispersing the carbide particles, the support and the fixing agent in water;
a heating step for heating the dispersed water;
a dehydration step for dehydrating the heated water;
and a drying step for drying the dehydrated substance. A method for manufacturing the solidified moisture-permeable structure according to claim 2,
a dispersing step for dispersing the carbide particles, the support and the fixation imparting agent in water;
a heating step for heating the dispersed water;
a dehydration step for dehydrating the heated water;
and a drying step for drying the dehydrated substance. 5. The method for producing a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to claim 4, wherein the carrier and the fixing agent are dispersed in the dispersion step, and the dispersion is also performed in the heating step. 6. The method for producing a solidified moisture-permeable structure according to claim 5, wherein the carrier and the fixation imparting agent are dispersed in the dispersion step, and the dispersion is also performed in the heating step.

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