JP7233216B2 - Infill unit and skeleton infill - Google Patents

Description

Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act applies October 10, 2018, published at Kanazawa Institute of Technology COI interim result report meeting

The present invention relates to infill units and skeleton infills.

In order to realize a sustainable society, there is a demand for the development of buildings that can be used semi-permanently without relying on scrap and build. On the other hand, from a different point of view, in the present and future when the number of craftsmen who construct buildings is decreasing, it is possible for anyone to construct buildings without the need for skill or specialized knowledge, and the construction period is short. development is requested.

Examples of buildings that can satisfy the above various demands include an infill building (house) and a skeleton infill building (house) in which an infill unit is detachably installed in a skeleton structure. Skeleton-infill housing is a housing in which the skeleton structure of the building (structural framework such as columns and beams) and the infill (interior and equipment inside the dwelling unit) are separated. ing. By separating the skeleton structure and the infill, it is possible to easily modify the interior such as the floor plan and facilities according to changes in lifestyles, making it possible to use the building effectively over the long term.

Here, a skeleton structure in which a plurality of cubic or rectangular parallelepiped-shaped unitary blocks with openings on six sides are formed by a plurality of first beams, a plurality of second beams, and a plurality of columns extending in mutually orthogonal XYZ directions; A building has been proposed with an infill unit that can be fitted into a unitary compartment of a skeleton structure. The infill unit is formed of a cylindrical body with five faces of a hexahedron closed and a cap body attached to the open end of the cylindrical body (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2018-105014 A

According to the building including the skeleton structure and the infill unit described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to flexibly expand or contract the living space. By the way, the infill unit described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a cylindrical body in which five faces of a hexahedron are integrally closed. There is a problem with transportability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a high-strength infill unit that is excellent in transportability and assembling properties, and a skeleton infill including this infill unit.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the infill unit according to the present invention is
A plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic panels are joined together via a joint material to form a closed polyhedral structure.

According to this aspect, the panels made of fiber-reinforced plastic are joined to each other via the joint material to form a polyhedral structure. Good transportability. In addition, since a polyhedral structure can be formed by a construction method that joins panels together via joint materials, anyone can easily construct a polyhedral structure in the shortest possible time without using screws, nails, bonds, etc. An infill unit consisting of can be constructed. Furthermore, since the panel made of fiber-reinforced plastic is a relatively lightweight and high-strength member, it can be assembled, for example, by human power. becomes.

Also, in another aspect of the infill unit according to the present invention, the joint material is
a shaft-shaped first joint having a plurality of engaged portions;
A shaft-shaped second joint having an engaging portion engaged with the engaged portion and a fitting groove into which an end portion of the panel is fitted is provided.

According to this aspect, for example, by engaging the first joint with the second joint in which the edge of the panel is fitted, the joint structure is simple and easy to assemble and has a high joint strength. An infill unit can be formed. Here, the engaged portion is a shaft-shaped concave portion, and the engaging portion is a shaft-shaped convex portion having a complementary shape to the shaft-shaped concave portion, or vice versa. For example, the first joint is a shaft-shaped member having recesses, which are engaged portions, at the central positions of the four sides of a square cross section, and the second joint is a projection, which is an engaging portion that engages with the recesses. In the case of a shaft-shaped member having a portion, since there is no directionality at the time of assembly of the first joint, one or more of the four recesses of the first joint has one or more of the The projections of the two joints can be engaged. Therefore, good workability can be enjoyed.

In another aspect of the infill unit according to the present invention, the joint material is made of metal or fiber-reinforced plastic.

According to this aspect, since the joint material is made of metal or fiber-reinforced plastic, together with the panel made of fiber-reinforced plastic, an infill unit having a polyhedral structure with high overall rigidity can be formed. In addition, since both the first joint and the second joint are shaft-shaped and both are members made of fiber-reinforced plastic or metal, for example, the engagement of the second joint in which the edge of the panel is fitted Smooth engagement between the first joint and the second joint can be achieved by engaging the engaged portion of the first joint with the joint portion while sliding the engaged portion like a slide rail.

In another aspect of the infill unit according to the present invention, the engaged portion of the first joint is engaged with the engaged portion exposed to the outside, and the engaged portion is visually recognized from the outside. It is characterized by having a cover material that makes it impossible.

According to this aspect, the engaged portion of the first joint that is exposed to the outside is engaged with the cover material to make it invisible from the outside, so that the engaged portion is exposed to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to form an infill unit with excellent appearance design.

Further, in another aspect of the infill unit according to the present invention, a cap material is joined to one surface forming the polyhedral structure via the joint material,
The cap member is characterized by having a fiber-reinforced plastic cap frame and a translucent panel disposed inside the cap frame.

According to this aspect, since the cap material having the translucent panel is joined to one surface forming the polyhedral structure, sufficient lighting into the infill can be achieved.

In addition, one aspect of the skeleton infill according to the present invention is
A plurality of grid bodies are formed by alternately joining a plurality of columns and a plurality of beams in a grid pattern, and the plurality of grid bodies are horizontally arranged to form one grid body unit. a skeleton structure comprising the grid unit or a plurality of stacked grid units;
and the infill unit accommodated in the grid unit.

According to this aspect, the high-rigidity infill unit is disposed inside the lattice of the skeleton structure, thereby forming a skeleton infill with high rigidity as a whole without reinforcing the skeleton structure with high strength. can do. For example, a cubic or rectangular parallelepiped grid is formed by joining beams and columns to each other, and the skeleton structure has a structure with a plurality of such grids. The arrangement forms a highly rigid structure as a whole. Therefore, it is not necessary to reinforce the lattice by arranging braces or the like in the structural plane of the lattice constituting the skeleton structure. In a first-floor (one-story) skeleton structure in which one grid unit is formed by arranging a plurality of grids horizontally, an infill unit is disposed in each grid of one grid unit. This makes it possible to form a one-story housing complex or the like in which a plurality of infill units are arranged. In addition, in a skeleton structure formed by stacking a plurality of lattice units, it is possible to form a multi-floor collective housing or the like.

As can be understood from the above description, according to the infill unit and the skeleton infill of the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-strength infill unit that is excellent in transportability and assemblability, and a skeleton infill that includes this infill unit.

1 is an exploded perspective view of an example of an infill unit according to an embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged exploded view of part II of FIG. 1, and is a perspective view showing an example of the joint material in detail. 1 is a perspective view of an example of an infill unit according to an embodiment; FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a cover material attached to a joint material; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example of an infill unit in which a cover material is attached to a joint material; 1 is a perspective view of an example of a skeleton infill according to an embodiment; FIG.

An example of an infill unit and a skeleton infill according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially the same components may be denoted by the same reference numerals, thereby omitting duplicate descriptions.

[Infill unit according to the embodiment]
First, an example of an infill unit according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. Here, FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an example of the infill unit according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged exploded view of part II of FIG. 1, showing an example of the joint material in detail. It is a perspective view. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of the infill unit according to the embodiment.

The infill unit 10 has a plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic panels 1 and 8 and a cap member 7 joined together via a plurality of joint members 4 to form a closed polyhedral structure (a hexahedral structure in the illustrated example). are doing. Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) forming the panels 1, 8, etc. include carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), cellulose nano FRP including fiber etc. is included.

The panel 1 forms four sides of a rectangular shape in plan view, and at one end of the hollow quadrangular prism formed by the four sides, a substantially square panel 8 in plan view with a door 8a is attached via a joint member 4. spliced.

On the other hand, the cap material 7 has a cap frame 5 made of fiber-reinforced plastic and a translucent panel 6 made of glass, translucent resin, or the like, which is disposed inside the cap frame 5. Then, it is attached via a joint material 4 at the other end of a hollow quadrangular prism formed by four side surfaces.

The four end faces of the panel 1, which is rectangular in plan view, are slightly cut on both sides and have convex end portions 1a that are thinner than the general portion. It is designed to be fitted into the fitting groove 3c provided.

The joint material 4 has a first joint 2 and a second joint 3, as shown in detail in FIG. The first joint 2 includes a main body 2a having a shaft shape and a substantially square cross section (with chamfered corners), and engaged portions 2b (engagement recess).

On the other hand, the second joint 3 includes a main body 3a having a shaft shape and a substantially U-shaped cross section, an engaging portion 3b (engaging convex portion) that engages with the engaged portion 2b of the first joint 2, and a fitting groove 3c into which the end portion 1a of the panel 1 is fitted.

The engaged portion 2b of the first joint 2 and the engaging portion 3b of the second joint 3 both have a shaft shape, and are wider than the narrow neck portion so as not to disengage when engaged with each other. The circular portion of the diameter has a continuous complementary cross-sectional shape. As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the engaging portion 3b is fitted into one end of the engaged portion 2b in the X direction, and the joint member 4 is formed by slide rail type engagement. The engaged portion 2b and the engaging portion 3b, which have complementary shapes, may have a cross-sectional shape other than the continuous cross-sectional shape of the neck portion and the circular portion of the illustrated example.

The ends 1a of some of the panels 1 are fitted into the fitting grooves 3c of the second joint 3, and the ends 1a of the other part of the panels 1 are fitted into the fitting grooves 3c of the second joint 3 and engaged. The joining portion 3 b is engaged with the engaged portion 2 b of the first joint 2 . By engaging the engaging portion 3b on the other panel 1 side with the engaged portion 2b on the one panel 1 side, a hollow quadrangular prism formed by four side surfaces is formed. Furthermore, the first joints 2 are arranged in a vertically standing posture at the four corners of the hexahedron. An engaging portion 3b having a hollow quadrangular prism body formed by the side surfaces is engaged.

Returning to FIG. 1, the cap material 7 has a cap frame 5 and a translucent panel 6 disposed inside the cap frame 5, and the inside of the cap frame 5 (side surface on the side of the hollow quadrangular prism) is provided with a projecting frame 5a into which the fitting groove 3c of the second joint 3 is fitted. Four second joints 3 are attached to the four sides of the projecting frame 5a.

As shown in FIG. 1, four first joints 2 are arranged in the shape of a rectangular frame at both ends of the hollow quadrangular prism on the opening side. The engaging portions 3b of the four second joints 3 attached to the four sides of the cap frame 5 are engaged with the engaged portions 2b of the corresponding first joints 2 out of the four rectangular frame-shaped first joints 2. The cap member 7 is attached to the hollow quadrangular prism by being joined together. In addition, a projecting frame (not shown) similar to the projecting frame 5a of the cap frame 5 is also provided inside the panel 8, which is substantially square in plan view (side surface on the side of the hollow quadrangular prism). The fitting groove 3c of the second joint 3 is fitted (not shown). Then, like the cap member 7, the panel 8 can be attached to the end of the hollow quadrangular prism.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, an infill unit 10 is constructed by joining a plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic panels 1 and 8 and a cap member 7 to each other via a plurality of joint members 4. . In addition, the length of the infill unit 10 in the longitudinal direction is L in the illustrated example.

Here, the first joint 2 and the second joint 3 are members made of metal such as aluminum or steel, or made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic like the panels 1 and 8 . In particular, when both the first joint 2 and the second joint 3 are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, almost the entire infill unit 10 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic together with the panels 1 and 8 and the cap frame 5. As a result, a closed polyhedral structure with extremely high strength is obtained.

Also, the illustrated infill unit 10 can be constructed by joining the relatively lightweight panels 1, 8 and the like via the joint material 4 without using screws, nails, bonds, or the like. The shaft-shaped engaged portion 2b of the first joint 2 and the shaft-shaped engaging portion 3b of the second joint 3 are engaged with each other in a slide rail manner to form a polyhedral structure. Although it is necessary to pay attention to the order of engagement in consideration of ties and ties of vertical members, no skill or expertise is required for construction, and anyone can construct relatively easily. Therefore, the infill unit 10 can be constructed in the shortest possible construction period.

In addition, the infill unit 10 can be constructed by transporting the panels 1, 8, etc. and the joint material 4 individually to the site and assembling them at the site. For example, the infill unit may be formed by connecting two or more infill units 10 having a length L shown in FIG. 3 in the longitudinal direction. In this case, it is preferable that the four corners extending in the longitudinal direction are provided with joint members 4 extending over the entire length (for example, a length of 2 L when two units are connected), so that the structure is not broken.

When the infill unit 10 is used alone, it can be used as a one-storied house, temporary housing, or the like. Also, the infill unit 10 is preferably fixed to the ground by an anchor material (not shown) or the like. Furthermore, the infill unit 10 may be equipped with a self-propelled moving device (an electric rotary shaft and wheels).

In addition, the panel 1 may be provided with an opening such as a window for daylighting. preferable.

In FIG. 3, when the infill unit 10 is viewed from the outside, the engaged portion 2b exposed to the outside can be visually recognized at the first joint 2 at the corner portion of the panels 1, 8, etc. that are joined to each other. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the cover material 9 shown in FIG. 4 in order to make the engaged portion 2b exposed to the outside invisible from the outside.

The cover material 9 is a shaft-like member having a substantially L-shaped cross section, and two surfaces forming the L-shape each have an engaging convex portion 9b extending in the longitudinal direction. Here, the cover material 9 can also be made of fiber-reinforced plastic, which is the same material as the panels 1 and 8, or can be made of metal such as aluminum or steel.

In the first joint 2 located at the corner shown in FIG. 2, the cover material 9 is engaged with the engaged portion 2b exposed to the outside, making it invisible from the outside. As a result, the engaged portion 2b is prevented from being exposed to the outside, and the infill unit 10 having excellent appearance design can be formed.

[Skeleton infill according to the embodiment]
Next, an example of skeleton infill according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6 . Here, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example of the skeleton infill according to the embodiment.

The skeleton infill 30 has a skeleton structure 20 composed of a plurality of laminated grid units 18 and a plurality of infill units 10 housed in the grid units 18 .

The grid unit 18 is configured by horizontally arranging a plurality of grids 15 formed in the xy plane, the yz plane, and the xz plane. 12 are joined together. The column 11 and the beam 12 are made of shaped steel such as H-shaped steel, and may be formed by bolting or welding to each other, or may be made of precast reinforced concrete, for example.

In the illustrated example, one grid body 15 has a cubic skeleton structure, and the grid body unit 18 is formed by joining a total of nine grid bodies 15 of 3 rows and 3 columns in plan view. ing. Furthermore, the skeleton structure 20 of the illustrated example is formed by stacking two grid units 18 and joining a total of 18 grids 15 to each other. Note that the lattice unit 18 may be formed by a number of lattices 15 other than the illustrated example, and the skeleton structure 20 may be formed by one lattice unit 18, or by three or more lattices. It may be a laminate of units 18 .

Here, the length L of the infill unit 10 is approximately the same as the length of the two grids 15 , and the cap material 7 is locked to the ends of the grids 15 . In the illustrated example, the infill units 10 are arranged in the two grids 15 on the left side of the six grids 15 on the front side of the paper. Also, the infill units 10 are arranged in the two grids 15 on the left side of the six grids 15 on the right side of the drawing. In addition, the infill units 10 are arranged in the two lattice bodies 15 on the left side of the six lattice bodies 15 on the right rear surface of the paper. Further, the infill units 10 are arranged in the left two grids 15 among the six grids 15 on the left rear surface of the paper.

By arranging the infill units 10 in this manner, a total of eight infill units 10 can be arranged in the skeleton structure 20 without each infill unit 10 interfering with other infill units 10 . In the configuration of the illustrated example, a vertically extending space ES in which the infill unit 10 does not exist is formed in the center. On the other hand, the lower lattice unit 18 is supported by a plurality of pillars 11, forming a piloti P on the first floor. The pilotis P and the central space ES are in communication.

For example, the space ES is applied as an elevator shaft, and residents of the infill unit 10 can access each dwelling unit from the pilotis P using an elevator (not shown) in the elevator shaft ES. In addition, a staircase may be provided in the space ES, or the pilotis P may be used as an entrance for vehicles such as electric vehicles, a vehicle lift (not shown) may be attached to the space ES, and the vehicle may be moved up and down to each vehicle. After providing access to the dwelling units, the occupants may enter and exit each dwelling unit.

As described above, when the infill unit 10 is used alone, the infill unit 10 can be used as temporary housing or the like. Also, when a plurality of infill units 10 are arranged in the skeleton structure 20 and used as the skeleton infill 30, it can be used as a collective housing such as an apartment, an office, a hospital, a nursing home, and the like. When a resident of one infill unit 10 constituting the skeleton infill 30 moves, etc., the target infill unit 10 is removed from the skeleton structure 20, and the infill unit 10 is transported to the new destination by a truck or the like. Alternatively, a new infill unit 10 can be arranged in the skeleton structure 20 after the infill unit 10 is attached with self-propelled means and made to travel to a new location.

Other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations and the like described in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here. Regarding this point, it is possible to change without departing from the gist of the present invention, and it can be determined appropriately according to the application form.

1: panel, 1a: end, 2: first joint, 2a: main body, 2b: engaged portion (engagement concave portion), 3: second joint, 3a: main body, 3b: engaging portion (engaging convex part), 3c: fitting groove, 4: joint material, 5: cap frame, 6: translucent panel, 7: cap material, 8: panel, 8a: door, 10: infill unit, 11: pillar, 12 beams , 15: grid, 18: grid unit, 20: skeleton structure, 30: skeleton infill, ES: elevator shaft (space), P: piloti

Claims (5)

Multiple fiber-reinforced plastic panels are joined together via joints to form a closed polyhedral structure ,
The joint material is
a shaft-shaped first joint having a plurality of engaged portions;
An infill unit, comprising: an engaging portion engaged with the engaged portion; . 2. The infill unit according to claim 1 , wherein said joint material is made of metal or fiber-reinforced plastic. Of the engaged portions of the first joint, it has a cover material that engages with the engaged portion that is exposed to the outside and makes the engaged portion invisible from the outside, The infill unit according to claim 1 or 2 . A cap material is joined to one surface forming the polyhedral structure via the joint material,
4. The cap material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the cap material has a cap frame made of fiber-reinforced plastic and a translucent panel disposed inside the cap frame. infill unit. A plurality of grid bodies are formed by alternately joining a plurality of columns and a plurality of beams in a grid pattern, and the plurality of grid bodies are horizontally arranged to form one grid body unit. a skeleton structure comprising the grid unit or a plurality of stacked grid units;
and the infill unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , which is housed in the lattice unit.

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