JP7233137B1 - Heating and cooling device for plant growing soil and heating and cooling method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to easily control the temperature of soil in which plants are grown. A heating and cooling device 100 for plant-growing soil is an inner pot 10 for storing plant-growing soil SO having an open top and a bottom. An outer bowl 20 which is opened to cover the surface other than the opening surface of the inner bowl 10, and which forms a temperature control space 22 between the inner surface of the outer bowl 20 and the outer surface of the inner bowl 10, which is heated more than the inner bowl 10. An outer bowl 20 having a low conductivity and a gripping opening 31 for placing the lower surface of the outer bowl 20 are formed on the upper surface, and the outer bowl 20 is placed in the gripping opening 31, and the opening lower surface 21 of the outer bowl 20 is formed. and a hollow pedestal portion 30 for supplying temperature-controlled air to the temperature-controlled space 22 inside the outer bowl 20 . [Selection drawing] Fig. 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heating and cooling apparatus and a heating and cooling method for plant-growing soil.

Temperature control is important for growing plants. For this reason, plants are cultivated in vinyl greenhouses for growing plants. However, temperature control in greenhouses is not easy. In general, vinyl greenhouses are large in area and volume, so it is not easy to maintain a uniform temperature inside the greenhouse, and a large amount of energy is consumed to keep the internal space of the greenhouse at a constant temperature.

Also, even if it were possible to control the temperature inside the greenhouse, the temperature of the soil in which the seeds were sown would be important in the cultivation of plants. There was no choice but to control with changes in air temperature. In this case, since there is a time lag between changes in air temperature and changes in soil temperature, it is not easy to accurately grasp and control the soil temperature.

On the other hand, different plants have different temperatures suitable for growing. In order to grow different kinds of plants in the same greenhouse, it is necessary to individually control the temperature inside the greenhouse, but at present there is no such system.

JP-A-8-242701

The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and one of its objects is an apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, which facilitates control of the temperature of the soil for growing plants, and a heating and cooling device. It is to provide a method.

Means for solving the problem and effects of the invention

According to the heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to the first aspect of the present invention, the inner pot for containing the plant-growing soil having an open top and a bottom, the inner pot being made of porous ceramics. An outer bowl that is open at the top and bottom and covers the inner bowl except for the open surface, wherein a temperature control space is formed between the inner surface of the outer bowl and the outer surface of the inner bowl, and the temperature is higher than that of the inner bowl. An outer bowl with low conductivity and a gripping opening for placing the lower surface of the outer bowl are formed on the upper surface, the outer bowl is placed in the gripping opening, and communicated with the lower surface of the opening of the outer bowl. a hollow pedestal portion for supplying temperature-controlled air to the temperature-controlled space inside the bowl, and the outer bowl is placed on the side surface of the outer bowl with its lower surface placed in the gripping opening of the pedestal portion. can be exposed from the pedestal . With the above configuration, instead of the conventional method of heating and cooling the large space around the plant like a greenhouse, partial cooling by sending temperature-controlled air around the container containing the soil. By adopting a heating system, the amount of energy required for temperature control is extremely reduced, and extremely efficient and low-cost plant growth is realized. In particular, the inner pot is made of porous earthenware, which has excellent air permeability and high thermal conductivity, and highly efficiently transfers heat from the temperature-controlled space to the soil accommodated inside, so that the temperature of the soil can be efficiently controlled.

Further, according to the heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, the inner pot is porous. With the above structure, the inner pot is provided with air permeability to reduce the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the inside temperature of the inner pot, and by increasing the thermal conductivity, the plant growing soil held in the inner pot is efficiently heated or cooled. can do.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the volume of the temperature control space above the opening lower surface of the outer pot is No more than 50% of the volume of the pot. As a result, by minimizing the volume of the space that requires temperature control, efficient temperature control with far less energy consumption is realized compared to the conventional method of temperature control for the entire space inside a greenhouse. can.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the outer pot holds an upper portion of the outer periphery of the inner pot, and the holding The temperature controlled space can be formed below the cut portion. With the above configuration, a temperature control space can be formed between the inner surface of the outer bowl and the outer surface of the inner bowl while physically holding the outer bowl with the inner bowl.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the inner pot has 50% or more of its height in the pedestal portion. can protrude from the top surface of the

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the outer pot is a pottery whose outer surface is glazed. With the above structure, the glaze is applied to the outer surface to achieve heat insulation, temperature control of the temperature controlled space, and waterproofness.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the outer pot can be made of plastic. As a result, a double structure outer bowl can be realized at low cost.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the configurations described above, the pedestal portion directs the temperature-controlled air to the temperature-controlled space. A blower fan for blowing air can be provided. With the above configuration, air such as warm air whose temperature has been adjusted by the blower fan can be efficiently sent to the temperature controlled space.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling device according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the pedestal has a plurality of gripping openings formed on the upper surface. With the above configuration, a plurality of outer pots can be set with a plurality of gripping openings, and a single pedestal can be used to control the temperature of the plurality of outer pots, realizing efficient temperature control of the plant-growing soil.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling device according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, heat is communicated and thermally coupled to the hollow space of the pedestal. An exchanger can be provided.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling apparatus for plant growing soil according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the heat exchanger is arranged in the hollow space of the pedestal. there is

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above configurations, a hollow space of the pedestal and a heating element disposed outside the pedestal A duct communicating with the heat exchanger may be provided.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the heat exchanger is a boiler, a heat pump, or a heater .

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, temperature detection for detecting the soil temperature of the plant-growing soil in the inner pot and a temperature management control unit connected to the temperature detection unit and the heat exchanger and performing temperature control by the heat exchanger according to the soil temperature detected by the temperature detection unit. With the above configuration, the temperature management control unit performs feedback control of the heat exchanger based on the soil temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, thereby realizing precise temperature control suitable for growing plants planted in the inner pot. .

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above configurations, a temperature range suitable for growing each type of plant to be grown is provided. and the temperature management control unit maintains the soil temperature within the range of the growing temperature according to the type of plant planted in the plant growing soil in the inner pot. , the heat exchanger can be controlled.

Furthermore, according to the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations , the soil temperature of the plant-growing soil in the inner pot is controlled by the heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature can be controlled to be maintained at 5°C to 20°C.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above configurations, the inner pot or the outer pot is made of Shigaraki ware.

Furthermore, according to the plant-growing soil heating/cooling apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above configurations, the apparatus is installed in a greenhouse. With the above configuration, the soil temperature of the plant growing soil in the inner pot is efficiently heated and cooled without controlling the overall temperature inside the greenhouse to be higher or lower than the outside temperature, thereby suppressing energy consumption. can reduce fossil fuel and electricity consumption and reduce _CO2 .

Furthermore, according to the method for heating plant-growing soil according to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the step of storing the plant-growing soil in an inner pot having an open upper surface and made of porous ceramics; The periphery of the pot other than the open surface is covered with an outer pot having a lower thermal conductivity than the inner pot and having an open lower surface with an open lower surface, and a temperature is maintained between the inner surface of the outer pot and the outer surface of the inner pot. forming a management space; placing the lower part of the outer bowl in the gripping opening of a hollow pedestal having a gripping opening formed on the upper surface, and exposing the side surface of the outer bowl from the pedestal; and a step of communicating with the opening lower surface of the outer bowl and supplying temperature-controlled air to the temperature-controlled space inside the outer bowl. As a result, rather than heating and cooling the large space around the plants like the conventional vinyl house, partial cooling and heating by sending temperature-controlled air around the container that holds the soil. By adopting this method, the amount of energy consumption required for temperature control can be reduced to a minimum, and extremely efficient and low-cost plant growth can be achieved. In addition, the effect of controlling the heat radiation from the surface of the plant-growing soil and warming the growing point of the plant can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the heating-cooling apparatus of the plant-growing soil which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil in FIG. 1 ; It is an exploded perspective view which shows the outer pot and inner pot which added the heat insulating material of the heating/cooling apparatus of the plant-growing soil which concerns on a modification. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil in FIG. 1 ; 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing the inner bowl and the outer bowl of FIG. 4; FIG. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a heat exchanger of a heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil. It is a cross-sectional view showing a heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to a modification. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that temperature control is performed with the plant-growing soil of FIG. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to Embodiment 2; Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to Embodiment 3; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the heating and cooling device for the plant-growing soil of FIG. 10 ; Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to Embodiment 4; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the modification is applied to a home vegetable garden. 1 is a photograph showing a heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the outside air temperature, and the heater temperature. 10 is a photograph showing a heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Examples 2 and 3. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Examples 2 and 3, the outside air temperature, and the heater temperature. 10 is a photograph showing a heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Examples 4 and 5. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Examples 4 and 5, the outside air temperature, and the heater temperature. 10 is a photograph showing a heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Example 6 and Comparative Example 2. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Example 6 and Comparative Example 2, the outside air temperature, and the temperature of the heater.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments shown below are examples for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following. In addition, this specification does not specify the members shown in the claims as the members of the embodiment. In particular, unless there is a specific description, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in the embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. It's nothing more than Note that the sizes and positional relationships of members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same names and symbols indicate the same or homogeneous members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each of the elements constituting the present invention may be configured with the same member so that a single member may serve as a plurality of elements, or conversely, the function of one member may be performed by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
[Embodiment 1]

A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed outdoors, for example, in an alleyway, or installed in a greenhouse for use. A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Embodiment 1 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG. In these figures, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a heating and cooling apparatus 100 for plant growing soil according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the heating and cooling apparatus 100 for plant growing soil in FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an outer pot and an inner pot to which a heat insulating material is added in a heating and cooling apparatus for plant growing soil according to a modification, and FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the heating and cooling apparatus 100 for plant growing soil in FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the inner pot 10 and the outer pot 20 of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a heat exchanger of a plant growing soil heating and cooling device, and FIG. 7 is a plant growing according to a modification. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a soil heating/cooling device, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing how the plant growing soil SO in FIG. 1 controls the temperature. A heating and cooling device 100 for plant-growing soil shown in these figures includes an inner pot 10 , an outer pot 20 , and a base portion 30 .
(inner bowl 10)

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner pot 10 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with an open top, a rectangular shape such as a polygon, or a planter shape. Preferably, it has a concave shape so that it can be easily set from above in an outer bowl 20, which will be described later. Also, a bottom hole is formed in the bottom surface. The inner pot 10 accommodates the plant growing soil SO. The plant-growing soil SO is soil suitable for plants to be grown. In addition to directly sowing seeds in the plant-growing soil SO, seedlings may be planted in advance. The soil is directly heated or cooled to a temperature suitable for growing the plant to be grown (details will be described later).

The inner pot 10 is made of porous earthenware. In addition, the first thermal conductivity, which is the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the inner pot 10, is 0.9 W/m K or more, preferably 1.0 W/m K to 1.6 W/m K, or more. It is preferably 1.1 W/m·K to 1.5 W/m·K.

When the inner pot is a circular pot, its size is, for example, an inner diameter of 10.9 cm, a depth of 5.4 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm.

When the inner pot is rectangular or planter-shaped, the size is, for example, 65 cm×20 cm×20 cm and the capacity is 15 liters.

The inner bowl 10 is preferably porous. As a result, the inner pot 10 is provided with air permeability, the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the inside of the inner pot 10 is reduced, and the thermal conductivity is increased, so that the plant growing soil SO held in the inner pot 10 is efficiently heated. Alternatively, it can be cooled.
(Outer bowl 20)

The outer bowl 20 has a tubular shape with top and bottom openings, a rectangular shape such as a polygon, or a planter shape. The outer bowl 20 has a shape along the outer shape of the inner bowl 10 and a larger inner shape than the inner bowl 10 so that the cylindrical inner surface can cover the side surface of the inner bowl 10 other than the opening surface. For example, the inner shape may be formed along the outer shape of the inner bowl 10 . A temperature control space 22 is formed between the inner surface of the outer bowl 20 and the outer surface of the inner bowl 10 while the inner bowl 10 is covered with the outer bowl 20.例文帳に追加The outer pot 20 holds the upper part of the outer circumference of the inner pot 10 and forms a temperature control space 22 below the held portion. With such a configuration, the temperature control space 22 can be formed between the inner surface of the outer bowl 20 and the outer surface of the inner bowl 10 while physically holding the outer bowl 20 with the inner bowl 10 .

Also, the second thermal conductivity, which is the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the outer bowl 20 , is set lower than that of the inner bowl 10 . As a specific value, 1.6 W/m·K or less, preferably 1.0 W/m·K to 1.5 W/m·K, more preferably 1.2 W/m·K to 1.4 W/m·K Let K. In this way, by increasing the thermal conductivity of the inner pot 10 and suppressing the thermal conductivity of the outer pot 20, the heat in the temperature control space 22 is efficiently conducted to the plant growing soil SO, and the heat is insulated from the outside. to increase thermal efficiency.

Moreover, the volume of the temperature control space 22 is preferably 50% or less of the volume of the inner pot. Specifically, it is 50% or less, preferably 50% to 2%, more preferably 40% to 5%, most preferably 30% to 10%. By minimizing the volume of the space that requires temperature control in this way, it is possible to achieve efficient temperature control with far less energy consumption than the conventional temperature control method for the entire space inside a greenhouse. can.

The outer pot 20 has a heat insulating specification and maintains strength to withstand the weight of the culture medium. Such an outer bowl 20 is preferably made of earthenware whose outer surface is glazed. In general, pottery has a porosity of about 2 to 12%, and because it has air permeability and air permeability, it exhibits thermal conductivity. be able to. As a result, the glaze applied to the outer surface provides heat insulation, and temperature control and waterproofing of the temperature-controlled space can be achieved. In particular, the outer bowl 20, which is exposed to the outside air, exhibits heat insulating properties, thereby reducing loss of heat energy due to the outside air and efficiently conducting heat to the inner bowl 10 side.

Further, the outer bowl 20 may be made of a heat-insulating material such as plastic instead of ceramic. In particular, in the case of plastic, the inner surface of the outer bowl 20 may be provided with an aluminum or polyethylene film to improve the heat insulation performance.

Preferably, the inner bowl 10 and the outer bowl 20 are made of Shigaraki ware. The pores of the base material of Shigaraki ware are fine and porous. In addition, by applying glaze to the outer bowl 20, heat insulating properties can be easily imparted.
(Insulation material 90)

Furthermore, the outer bowl 20 may be provided with a heat insulating material 90 . The heat insulating material 90 can be provided on the inner surface or the outer surface of the outer pot 20 . Preferably, it is arranged on the inner surface of the outer bowl 20 as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. As a result, the heat insulating material 90 can be fixed by stacking the heat insulating material 90 on the inner surface of the outer pot 20 and setting the inner pot 10. can be held in position. For the heat insulating material 90, a material having excellent heat insulating properties, such as a foam sheet coated with a highly reflective metal such as aluminum, can be used.
(pedestal portion 30)

The pedestal part 30 has a hollow interior and a gripping opening 31 on which the lower surface of the outer bowl 20 is placed. The holding opening 31 has an inner diameter larger than the lower end of the outer bowl 20 and smaller than the upper end so that the outer bowl 20 can be inserted and held from above. The outer bowl 20 is placed in the holding opening 31 to communicate with the opening lower surface 21 of the outer bowl 20 . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the lower surface of the inner bowl 10 is exposed from the opening lower surface 21 of the outer bowl 20, and temperature-controlled air can be supplied to the temperature-controlled space 22 inside the outer bowl 20. can. Thereby, the inner pot 10 can be heated and cooled from the lower surface through the opening lower surface 21 . As a result, unlike the conventional greenhouse cultivation, it is difficult to directly heat the temperature of the plant-growing soil. As a result, the heating of the plant-growing soil and the like can be performed more efficiently.

The inner bowl 10 preferably has a curved bottom surface as shown in FIG. As a result, the bottom surface and the side surface of the inner pot 10 are continuously exposed to the internal space of the pedestal portion 30, so that heat can be efficiently exchanged with the internal space. If the bottom surface of the inner bowl 10 is curved, it becomes difficult for the inner bowl 10 alone to stand on its own.

The pedestal portion 30 is formed in a box shape with a flat upper surface. Moreover, the pedestal portion 30 is made of a material having excellent heat insulating properties. For example, it is preferable to use foamed polystyrene because it is inexpensive, lightweight, and readily available.
(Heat exchanger 40)

The plant-growing soil heating/cooling device 100 further includes a heat exchanger 40 . The heat exchanger 40 is in communication with and thermally coupled to the internal space 32 of the pedestal 30 , and controls the temperature of the internal space 32 with the heat exchanger 40 . In the example of FIG. 4 , the heat exchanger 40 is arranged inside the hollow space of the pedestal 30 . Thereby, the temperature can be changed for each pedestal 30, and the temperature of the plant growing soil SO in the inner pot 10 set on the pedestal 30 can be adjusted to a desired temperature. The temperature of the internal space 32 of the pedestal 30 is adjusted by the heat exchanger 40, and the temperature of the temperature control space 22 communicating with the internal space 32 of the pedestal 30 is controlled as shown in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. The temperature of the plant-growing soil SO in the inner pot 10 is controlled.

This heat exchanger 40 can be configured by a boiler, a heat pump, a ceramic heater, or the like. Fossil fuels and wood pellets can be used as boiler fuel. Moreover, the heat exchanger 40 can be used not only for heating but also for cooling. Further, as a refrigerant for heat exchange, a liquid such as water, hot water, or oil may be used in addition to a gas such as air. For example, hot water may be stored in the inner space of the pedestal and the temperature of the hot water may be controlled by a heater or the like. In this case, it is suitable for uniformly heating the internal space of the pedestal regardless of the location.

An example of using hot water for the heat exchanger 40 is shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. As shown in this figure, a water tank arranged under the pedestal 30 is filled with water, a heater is immersed therein to heat the water, and the temperature of the hot water is adjusted. Hot water production may also utilize solar water heaters, which can reduce the cost of heat generation. Also, by covering the water surface of hot water with a shielding material 99 such as a vinyl sheet, propagation of moisture can be suppressed. Furthermore, a blower fan 50 may be installed above the water tank.

With such a configuration, a heat medium such as air whose temperature is controlled is sent around the container that holds the soil, unlike the conventional vinyl house that heats or cools the wide space around the plant. By adopting a partial cooling and heating method, the amount of energy consumption required for temperature control is extremely reduced, and extremely efficient and low-cost plant growth is realized. In particular, the inner pot is made of porous earthenware, which has excellent air permeability and high thermal conductivity, and highly efficiently transfers heat from the temperature-controlled space to the soil accommodated inside, so that the temperature of the soil can be efficiently controlled.

The heat exchanger 40 is preferably provided below the internal space 32 of the pedestal 30 . Thereby, the heated air can be supplied to the inner bowl 10 exposed from the opening lower surface 21 of the outer bowl 20 arranged above by thermal convection. In addition, the air supplied from the lower surface 21 of the opening of the outer bowl 20 to the temperature control space 22 forms a heat pool, so that the heat retaining effect is further enhanced. However, the arrangement position of the heat exchanger is not limited to the lower part of the inner space of the pedestal, and may be provided, for example, on the side surface or top surface of the pedestal. For example, in the example of FIG. 9 to be described later, the second duct 44 that sends out temperature-controlled air may be portable so that it can be arranged at any position on the base portion 30 .
(Blower fan 50)

The pedestal 30 may also include a blower fan 50 that blows temperature-controlled air into the temperature-controlled space 22 . As a result, air such as warm air whose temperature has been adjusted by the blower fan 50 can be efficiently sent to the temperature controlled space 22 . A plurality of blower fans 50 may be provided according to the number of gripping openings 31 and the size and shape of the internal space 32 of the pedestal 30 . In the example of FIG. 4, the blower fan 50 is provided in a horizontal position so as to send temperature-controlled air upward. good too. For example, in the example of FIG. 9, which will be described later, a blower fan 50B is provided in a horizontal position near the entrance of the duct 42, and even when the heat exchanger 40B is unevenly distributed, the temperature in the internal space 32 is uniformly controlled. Air can be supplied. Rotating the blower fan 50 promotes heat dissipation from the soil surface. For example, when the grown plant is a strawberry, the effect of warming the growth point crown can be obtained.
[Modification]

Furthermore, the plant-growing soil heating/cooling device may be provided with a guide mechanism capable of efficiently supplying temperature-controlled coolant such as warm air or cold air sent from the duct 42 to the opening lower surface 21 of the outer pot 20 . An example in which such a guide mechanism is provided is shown in FIG. 7 as a heating and cooling device 100″ for plant-growing soil according to a modification. The second duct 44 is arranged in the internal space 32 of the base portion 30. One end of the second duct 44 is connected to the duct 42, and the blower fan 50 is arranged. Furthermore, in a state where the second duct 44 is arranged on the bottom surface of the internal space 32, the second duct 44 is laid under each outer bowl 20, and in the region overlapping each outer bowl 20, the second duct 44 is closed. A discharge hole 46 is provided in the second duct 44. The discharge hole 46 has a large number of fine holes that open to the second duct 44. With such a configuration, temperature-controlled refrigerant such as hot air or cold air flows through the guide mechanism. The temperature-controlled air can be supplied directly to the opening lower surface 21 of each outer bowl 20 and efficiently supplied to the temperature-controlled space from the bottom surface of the outer bowl 20. Such a second duct 44 is made of translucent polyethylene, etc. Existing bags can be used.In particular, cylindrical polyethylene cylinders are inexpensive and easy to obtain, and can be easily closed by tying the other end.Furthermore, it is easy to bend, and furthermore, needles and the like are used. It is also easy to drill the discharge hole 46 with a
(Temperature management control unit 70)

Further, as shown in FIG. 8 , the heating and cooling apparatus 100 ′ for plant-growing soil may include a temperature detection section 60 and a temperature management control section 70 . The temperature detector 60 is a member that detects the temperature of the plant-growing soil SO in the inner pot 10 . A thermocouple, a radiation thermometer, or the like, for example, can be used as such a temperature detection unit 60 .

The temperature management control section 70 is electrically connected to the temperature detection section 60 and the heat exchanger 40 . The temperature management control section 70 performs temperature control by the heat exchanger 40 according to the soil temperature detected by the temperature detection section 60 . Specifically, an appropriate growing temperature is set in advance according to the plant to be grown, and the temperature management control unit 70 operates the heat exchanger 40 according to the soil temperature obtained by temperature detection so as to achieve this growing temperature. Feedback control to control. For example, when the soil temperature is lower than the set temperature range, the heat exchanger 40 is controlled to heat, and conversely, when the soil temperature is high, the heat exchanger 40 is turned off or controlled to be cooled. . Further, the number of rotations of the blower fan 50 can be controlled by the temperature management control section 70 . Such a temperature management control unit 70 includes processors such as CPUs, MPUs, GPUs, and TPUs for general-purpose PCs, gate arrays such as LSIs, FPGAs, and ASICs customized for specific applications, microcomputers, and chipsets such as SoCs. and packages.
(storage unit 80)

Furthermore, the heating and cooling device 100 for plant-growing soil may include a storage unit 80 . The storage unit 80 stores a temperature range suitable for growing for each type of plant to be grown. In this case, the temperature management control unit 70 controls the heat exchanger 40 to maintain the soil temperature within the range of the growing temperature according to the type of plant planted in the plant growing soil SO in the inner pot 10. Control.

As an example of heating, there is an example in which greenhouse strawberries are grown while maintaining the soil temperature of an elevated cultivation bed at 7°C. Such soil temperature data is stored in the storage unit 80 in advance, and the temperature management control unit 70 acquires information corresponding to the plant actually planted in the inner pot 10 from the storage unit 80, It may be configured to set the temperature range to be controlled. For example, a display unit is connected to the temperature management control unit 70 to display a list of plants to be grown, to allow the user to select from the candidate group of plants to be grown displayed in the list, and to transfer the data of the growing temperature of the selected plant to be grown from the storage unit 80. It is obtained and set so that the temperature is controlled within the range of this growth temperature. With this method, the user can manage the temperature of the growing plant planted in the inner pot 10 at an appropriate temperature simply by selecting it from the displayed candidate group. You can easily set up an appropriate breeding environment without having to do anything.

Such a storage unit 80 can use a storage such as an HDD or an SSD, or a recording medium such as an SD card (trade name). The storage unit 80 may be provided as a separate member from the temperature management control unit 70, or may be integrated with the temperature management control unit. Note that the storage unit is not essential, and it is also possible to individually set the temperature range by, for example, directly designating the temperature range with a numerical value or the like in the temperature management control unit.

The temperature management control unit 70 can be operated physically by providing an operation panel such as a console, or by connecting an input device such as a mouse or keyboard, or wirelessly. For example, it may be configured such that it is wirelessly connected to a communication device such as a smart phone and performed from application software installed on the smart phone.

Further, when the outer bowl 20 covering the inner bowl 10 is set on the upper surface of the pedestal portion 30, it is preferable that 50% or more of the inner bowl 10 in the height direction protrude from the upper surface of the pedestal portion 30. - 特許庁As a result, the outer pot 20 can be stably held, and a heat pool can be created in the temperature control space.
[Embodiment 2]

In the above example, an example in which the heat exchanger 40 is arranged in the internal space 32 of the pedestal portion 30 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the heat exchanger may be arranged outside the pedestal. With this configuration, it is possible to realize temperature control of a plurality of pedestals with one heat exchanger. Such an example is shown in the sectional view of FIG. 9 as a heating and cooling apparatus 200 for plant-growing soil according to the second embodiment. In the heating/cooling device 200 for plant-growing soil shown in this figure, the same members as those of the heating/cooling device 100 for plant-growing soil of the above-described Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

A heating and cooling device 200 for plant-growing soil in FIG. 9 includes a duct 42 that communicates a pedestal 30B and a heat exchanger 40B. Air temperature-controlled by a heat exchanger 40B arranged outside the pedestal 30B is supplied to the inner space 32 of the pedestal 30B through a duct 42, thereby the inner pot 10 set on the pedestal 30B is supplied. Control the temperature of the plant growing soil SO within. Such a duct 42 is made of a material with excellent heat dissipation. For example, the duct is made of resin such as polyethylene. The heat radiation from the duct 42 heats or cools the internal space of the pedestal portion 30B. Also, the duct 42 can be branched as necessary to supply a temperature control space to a plurality of pedestals.
[Embodiment 3]

In the heating and cooling apparatus 100 for plant-growing soil according to the first embodiment, an example in which two holding openings 31 for setting the outer pot 20 are formed on the upper surface of the pedestal portion 30 has been described. However, the present invention does not limit the number of gripping openings provided in the pedestal to two, and may be one or three or more. In the example of FIG. 1, a plurality of gripping openings 31 are arranged in a line, but multiple rows of gripping openings may be arranged in an arbitrary pattern such as a matrix, a staggered pattern, or an annular pattern. By increasing the number of gripping openings, it is possible to increase the number of plant-growing soils whose temperature can be controlled on one pedestal. In addition, by performing different temperature control for each pedestal, it is possible to simultaneously grow plants with different growth temperatures at appropriate temperatures. Therefore, the number of holding openings 31 is set according to the required number of plants to grow, the unit of temperature control, and the like.

As an example, an example in which a total of 20 holding openings 31 of 4 rows×5 columns is provided is shown in FIGS. In the heating and cooling apparatus 300 for plant-growing soil shown in these figures, the same reference numerals are given to the same members as in the above-described first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

This plant-growing soil heating/cooling device 300 includes an inner pot 10, an outer pot 20, and a pedestal portion 30C. The pedestal portion 30C has a plurality of openings on the upper surface in which a plurality of outer bowls 20 can be set. As a result, the temperature of a plurality of outer pots 20 can be controlled by one pedestal portion 30C, and the temperature of the plant growing soil SO can be efficiently controlled.

Further, the pedestal portion 30C may be directly placed on the floor surface, or may be provided with a leg portion 34 as shown in FIG. Thereby, a space can be provided between the floor surface and the installation surface of the pedestal portion 30C, and heat insulation can be improved. In addition, the effect of increasing the workability of the farmer by lengthening the leg portion 34 can also be obtained.
[Embodiment 4]

In the above example, the pedestal portion 30 is configured to fit and hold the outer bowl 20 in the grip opening 31 . However, the present invention does not limit the structure for holding the outer bowl on the base portion to the above. For example, a support portion that supports the lower surface of the outer bowl may be provided. In particular, when a large or heavy inner pot such as a planter is used, it is preferable that the support portion directly supports the bottom surface of the outer pot or the inner pot. Such an example is shown in the horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG. 12 as a heating and cooling apparatus 400 for plant-growing soil according to the fourth embodiment. In the apparatus for heating and cooling the plant-growing soil shown in this figure, the same members as in the above-described Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. A heating and cooling device 400 for plant-growing soil shown in this figure has a plurality of support rods 36 extending along the longitudinal direction within an internal space 32D of a pedestal portion 30D. Each of the plurality of support rods 36 is arranged so as to face the lower surface of the gripping opening 31D, that is, at a position overlapping the gripping opening 31D in plan view. In the example of FIG. 12, three support rods 36 support the lower surface of an outer bowl 20D covering an inner bowl 10D extending in one direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) like a planter. Each support rod 36 is supported, for example, by a fitting hole provided in the longitudinal end surface of the base portion 30D. With such a configuration, even a heavy inner bowl can be stably supported from the bottom surface.

These plant-growing soil heating/cooling devices may be installed in an alleyway, or may be arranged in a space, such as a vinyl house, which is cut off from the outside world. To heat a limited temperature control space 22 between an inner pot 10 and an outer pot 20 without consuming a large amount of energy for heating the indoor temperature even when installed in a temperature-controlled greenhouse. It is possible to heat the soil to an appropriate temperature just by doing so, and the necessary energy consumption can be reduced.

Further, the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to cultivation inside a vinyl house as well as cultivation outdoors. By applying the present invention to cultivation in a vinyl greenhouse, without adjusting the overall temperature in the greenhouse to an appropriate temperature according to the plant to be grown, by controlling the temperature only for the pots that are installed, Energy-efficient breeding can be realized. Furthermore, it is applicable not only to the cultivation of vegetables, fruits, or flowers by farmers, but also to the cultivation of crops for tourist farms, for example. Furthermore, it can be applied not only to specialized farmers but also to home vegetable gardens for general households. In this case, it can be applied not only to home vegetable gardens in the gardens of detached houses, but also to veranda vegetable gardens using the verandas and rooftops of condominiums and apartments. Such an example is shown in FIG. 13 as a plant growing soil heating and cooling device 500 according to a modification. In the example of the veranda vegetable garden shown in this figure, a simple greenhouse is formed by using the existing clothes-drying rack 91 and the clothes-drying pole 92 of the veranda and covering it with a sheet material 93 such as transparent vinyl. For example, two sheets of the sheet material 93 are hung on the clothes-drying stand 91 and the clothes-drying pole 92 in a U-shape, and crossed vertically and horizontally to easily form a greenhouse covering the side surface and the top surface. For fixing the sheet material 93, a commercially available clip, string, or the like can be used as appropriate. Here, a completely closed space is not required, and it is sufficient to simply form a space partitioned from the outside. It is especially advantageous in warm climates. By installing the heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to the embodiment in such a greenhouse that is simply isolated from the outside space, it is possible to provide a much better growing environment than directly installing it in the open air. . In addition, if the heat exchanger 40C is added to the heating and cooling device for the plant-growing soil, local heating becomes possible. Here, an indoor air conditioner is used as the heat exchanger 40C. That is, the heat exchanger 40C can be constructed at a low cost by connecting the duct connected to the air outlet of the air conditioner to the outside and connecting it to a heating and cooling device for plant growing soil. With such a configuration, even general households can efficiently construct a home garden without requiring a large additional cost, and can use effective plant cultivation with reduced CO ₂ at a low cost.
[Heating test]

Next, in order to confirm the usefulness of the present invention, as an example of a heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil, a heating apparatus for plant-growing soil according to an example was manufactured as a prototype, and a heating test was conducted to heat the seeding soil. rice field. Here, in order to reduce the heating of the plant-growing soil by sunlight, the heat radiation of the medium surface by the wind at night, and the influence of rainfall, the heating apparatus for the plant-growing soil according to the embodiment is installed in an agricultural warehouse without insulation. was placed and a test was conducted to compare the outside air temperature and the soil temperature. The outside air temperature is the temperature inside the agricultural warehouse. Here, it was confirmed whether the plant-growing soil could be heated to a temperature higher than the outside air temperature and maintained within a desired temperature range (here, the soil was heated with hot water set at a temperature of 30°C to about 25°C). The experiment was conducted at the farm warehouse of Tokushima Agricultural University Agri, a non-profit organization located at 11 Hashimoto Shibahara, Kokufu-cho, Tokushima City, Tokushima Prefecture.
[Example 1, Comparative Example 1]

First, as Example 1, the double-structure bowl was made by cutting an unglazed bowl (inner diameter: 10 cm, depth: 13 cm, thickness: 4 mm) manufactured by Shinnyo Pottery Co., Ltd. The inner bowl is made of Arita porcelain made by Toyo Ceramics Co., Ltd., and has a double structure with a small porous ceramic filter having countless holes of several microns. On the other hand, the single-layered pot used in the comparative example was a No. 4 pot (inner diameter: 11.5 cm, depth: 5 cm) formed by firing clay generally used in horticultural cultivation. The accuracy of control was compared. Here, for about three days from 16:03 on April 23, 2021 to 14:33 on April 26, the plant-growing soil was placed in the heating and cooling apparatus for the plant-growing soil according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and the soil was Temperature was measured. Here, a heating test was carried out using a single-layered heat sink bowl (left), a double-layered bowl (right), and the pedestal portion 30 shown in the photograph of FIG. 14 . Here, in the heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to Example 1, as shown on the right side in FIG. Using. As the inner pot, a small porous ceramic filter made of Arita porcelain made by Toyo Ceramics Co., Ltd. having an inner diameter of 10 cm, a depth of 5.5 cm and a thickness of 3 mm and having countless holes of several microns was used. Into the inner pot of Arita porcelain, 200 cc of soil for seeding and raising seedlings mixed with Sakata's Supermix APH adjuster and early-growth fertilizer was added as a soil block-only culture soil for seeding vegetables and flowers.

The pedestal 30 is 29 cm long, 43 cm wide, 13 cm high, 2 cm thick, and 12177 cm ³ in volume. The outer pot of the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to Example 1 and the pot of the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to Comparative Example 1 were set in the holding openings.

On the other hand, in the heating and cooling apparatus for plant growing soil according to Comparative Example 1, as shown on the left side in FIG. It was used. In Comparative Example 1, the double structure of the inner and outer pots was not used, and only the single pot was used. The other conditions are the same as those of the first embodiment.

The heat exchanger 40, as shown in FIG. 6, fills 35.5 L of water in a water tank of 37 cm long, 60 cm wide, and 27 cm high placed at the bottom of the pedestal, and heats the water by immersing a heater. , by adjusting the temperature of the hot water. As a heater, a thermostat for ornamental fish Seavarex 300NEO manufactured by Marukan Co., Ltd. was used, and the hot water temperature was set to 30°C. Heating costs can be reduced by using solar water heaters to generate hot water. Also, by covering the water surface of the hot water with a shielding material 99 such as a vinyl sheet, propagation of moisture was suppressed. A pedestal portion 30 was placed on the water tank. With the pedestal part 30 placed on the water tank, the part where the water tank was exposed was covered with a styrofoam plate. A blower fan 50 was provided on the pedestal 30 at a distance of 100 mm from the water surface. Also, the soil temperature was measured with a thermocouple embedded in the soil of the inner pot. The results are shown in the graph of FIG. This graph shows the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the outside air temperature, and the heater temperature.

As shown in FIG. 15, it was confirmed that both Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 could maintain the soil temperature at a temperature higher than the outside air temperature. In particular, in the example of using Shigaraki bisque unglazed earthenware for the outer bowl, the temperature can be maintained at a higher temperature than the commercially available hot pot according to Comparative Example 1, and the temperature control characteristics are more excellent. was confirmed. In addition, with respect to the waveforms of the outside air temperature and the heating temperature, Example 1 is closer to the waveform of the heating temperature, in other words, it shows a stable waveform with less temperature change, and Comparative Example 1 is closer to the waveform of the outside temperature. A trend indicating temperature change was confirmed. In addition, in some periods, a section where the soil temperature according to Comparative Example 1 is higher than that of Example 1 and a section where the soil temperature according to Comparative Example 1 is lower than the outside temperature are confirmed. 1 is more likely to be affected by changes in the outside air temperature than in Example 1, and it is presumed that the time delay occurred due to the rapid rise and fall of the outside air temperature.

In addition, in order to confirm the effect of the presence or absence of the blower fan 50, a test was conducted in which the rotation of the blower fan 50 was turned on and off. Specifically, in FIG. 15, the blower fan 50 was turned off until the accumulated time reached 1200 minutes, turned on at the point of 1200 minutes, and continued to rotate thereafter. The blower fan 50 had a diameter of 110φ, a rotation speed of 2900 rpm, and an air volume of 2.9 m ³ /3 min. As is clear from FIG. 15, in both Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed that the outside air temperature greatly approaches the heating temperature by rotating the blower fan. In particular, in Example 1 of the double pot, the temperature is higher than in Comparative Example 1 of the single pot, and the temperature can be controlled in a state close to the heating temperature. confirmed to be possible.

In addition, the plant-growing soil heating device has the advantage of being able to disinfect the soil by raising the temperature of the culture medium to a high temperature. By reducing bacteria in the soil and improving the health of the soil, it can also lead to a reduction in the amount of pesticides used. For example, there is a soil bacteria inspection service that evaluates the health condition of soil, and soil disinfection may be required depending on the inspection results. In such a case, the health condition of the plant-growing soil can be improved by heating the plant-growing soil in advance with the plant-growing soil heating apparatus according to the embodiment.
[Examples 2 and 3]

Next, as Examples 2 and 3, the accuracy of temperature control was compared by using a material other than unglazed earthenware for the outer pot. Here, for about 6 days from 11:48 on May 14, 2021 to 9:18 on May 20, 2021, the plant growing soil was similarly placed in the plant growing soil heating and cooling device according to Examples 2 and 3, and the soil temperature was measured. Here, as shown in FIG. 16, as the outer bowl, in both Examples 2 and 3, the octagonal bottom of a No. 4 plastic bowl manufactured by Kaneya Sangyo Co., Ltd. was cut open to a diameter of 7 cm, and a car manufactured by Daiso Sangyo Co., Ltd. was placed on the outside. A windshield sunshade cover sheet (aluminum film, polyester, polyethylene, 2 mm thick) was attached to insulate. The pot was placed in a Sekisui Chemical PVC joint DV socket 100 (inner diameter: 11.5 cm, depth: 10.5 cm, thickness: 4 mm) to block air.

As the inner pot, as shown on the left side of FIG. 16, in Example 2, a pot with pores made of Shigaraki ware with an inner diameter of 10.9 cm, a depth of 5.4 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm was used. In Example 3, as shown on the right side of FIG. 16, the same inner bowl as in Example 1 is made of Arita ware made by Toyo Ceramics Co., Ltd., which has an inner diameter of 10 cm, a depth of 5.5 cm, and a thickness of 3 mm, and has countless holes of several microns. A small porous ceramic filter was used.

An inner pot was inserted into the inner surface of each of the outer pots according to Examples 2 and 3, filled with plant-growing soil, and set on the pedestal portion 30, respectively. The pedestal 30 is 40 cm long, 47 cm wide, 20 cm high, 2 cm thick, and made of expanded polystyrene with a volume of 30,780 cm ³ . The outer pot of the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Examples 2 and 3 was set. Further, the same water tank as in Example 1 was used as the heat exchanger 40, the pedestal part 30 was placed on this water tank, and the exposed surface of the water tank was similarly covered with a styrofoam plate. In this state, the outside air temperature, the heater temperature, and the soil temperature of the inner pots according to Examples 2 and 3 were measured. The results are shown in the graph of FIG. From this figure, it was confirmed that the soil temperature could be maintained at a higher temperature than the outside air temperature, although the waveforms were different because the outside air temperature was different from the above example. Moreover, it was confirmed that the Shigaraki ware according to Example 2 could be maintained at a higher temperature than that of Example 3. Also, when compared with Example 1, it was confirmed that the unglazed Shigaraki ware tends to be able to maintain a higher temperature than the plastic outer bowl, even though the same inner bowl is used.
[Examples 4 and 5]

Next, as Examples 4 and 5, the accuracy of temperature control was compared by changing the type of plant-growing soil. Here, for about 6 days from 15:32 on May 20, 2021 to 4:40 on May 26, similarly, the plant growing soil was put into the heating and cooling apparatus for plant growing soil according to Examples 4 and 5, and the soil temperature was measured. Here, as shown in FIG. 18, the same outer and inner pots as in Examples 2 and 3 were used. That is, in Example 4, as shown on the left side of FIG. 18, a bowl having pores made of Shigaraki ware with an inner diameter of 10.9 cm, a depth of 5.4 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm was used. In Example 5, as shown on the right, a small porous ceramic filter made of Arita porcelain made by Toyo Ceramics Co., Ltd., having an inner diameter of 10 cm, a depth of 5.5 cm, and a thickness of 3 mm, and having countless holes of several microns was used.

Furthermore, for the outer pot, the same as in Examples 2 and 3, the octagonal bottom of the No. 4 plastic pot was cut open to a diameter of 7 cm, and the car windshield sunshade cover sheet (2 mm thick aluminum film, polyester The pot was placed in a DV socket 100 made of vinyl chloride with an inner diameter of 11.5 cm, a depth of 10.5 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm to block air. For these, the plant-growing soil was replaced with Sakata's Super Mix A used in each of the above examples, except that it was changed to Konan Shoji Co., Ltd.'s home gardening culture soil "Vegetable and flower culture soil". , a test was conducted to compare the outside air temperature and the soil temperature under the same conditions. Sakata's Super Mix A is a blend of two types of peat, black peat and white peat, which were mainly deposited in different years. Black peat has excellent water retention capacity and is rich in nutrients including organic acids. In addition, white peat has the characteristic of storing oxygen necessary for plant growth due to its high water supply capacity and air permeability. Also contains early growth fertilizer. On the other hand, Kohnan's vegetable and flower culture soil contains peat moss, coconut fiber, akadama soil, mullet soil, perlite, Kanuma soil, magnesia lime, vermiculite chemical fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer weakly acidic chemical fertilizer.

The results are shown in the graph of FIG. As shown in this figure, although the waveforms differed due to the large daytime temperature difference during the measurement period, both Examples 4 and 5 showed that the soil temperature was raised to a higher temperature than the outside temperature. It was confirmed that it was maintained. Moreover, it was confirmed that the Shigaraki ware according to Example 4 could be maintained at a higher temperature than that of Example 5. As described above, it was confirmed that even when the soil for growing plants was changed, temperature control was similarly achieved in which the soil temperature was maintained at a higher temperature than the outside air temperature.
[Example 6, Comparative Example 2]

Furthermore, in order to demonstrate that the heat retention effect can be enhanced by providing a difference in thermal conductivity in the thickness direction between the inner pot 10 and the outer pot 20, the plant-growing soil heating devices according to Example 6 and Comparative Example 2 were used. I made it and checked its effectiveness. Specifically, as Example 6, the double-structured bowl is the outer bowl 20, and the bottom of the hot bowl (inner diameter 23 cm, depth 10 cm, thickness 7 mm) is processed to have a φ 12 cm opening. A double-structured pot was used in which an inner pot was made of Shigaraki ware made by Shinnyo Pottery Co., Ltd. and had pores (inner diameter: 30 cm, depth: 10 cm, thickness: 6 mm). As the single-layered pot used in Comparative Example 2, the same hot pot as the outer pot 20 (inner diameter: 23 cm, depth: 10 cm, thickness: 7 mm) was used. Here, for about three days from 10:54 on January 13, 2022 to 10:54 on January 15, 2022, the plant growing soil according to Example 6 and Comparative Example 2 was used. It was placed in a heating and cooling device and the soil temperature was measured. Here, in the photograph of FIG. 20 , a heating test was conducted using the double structure pot according to Example 6 shown on the right side and the single structure pot and pedestal portion 30 according to Comparative Example 2 shown on the left side. Two gripping openings 31 of φ11 cm were opened on the upper surface of the base portion 30 . In Example 6, as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2, the heat insulating material 90 was not used. As the heat insulating material 90, a heat and cold insulation sheet manufactured by Yutaka Make Co., Ltd., which is a plastic sheet coated with aluminum on one side, is used. The results are shown in FIG.

FIG. 21 shows a graph showing the soil temperature measured by the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to Example 6 and Comparative Example 2, the outside air temperature, and the heater temperature. As shown in this figure, it was confirmed that Example 6 was heated to a temperature higher by approximately 2 to 3° C. than Comparative Example 2. As a result, air permeability in the inner bowl 10 is enhanced by the numerous micropores of the inner bowl 10, and the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the inner bowl 10 is increased. It seems to be because In addition, the heat insulating material 90 is applied to the outer bowl 20 to suppress the thermal conductivity, thereby suppressing the loss of heat to the outside and enhancing the heat retention, and it can be considered that a synergistic effect was obtained.

Although the temperature control for heating the plant-growing soil to a temperature higher than the outside air temperature has been described in the above example, it is also possible to conversely cool the plant-growing soil to a temperature lower than the outside air temperature. In this case, a Peltier element, a heat pump, or the like can be used as the heat exchanger instead of the heater.

As described above, the plant-growing soil heating and cooling apparatus according to the embodiment uses a double pot consisting of an inner pot and an outer pot with different thermal conductivities, and supplies air whose temperature is controlled by the hollow pedestal. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently control the temperature of the plant-growing soil, suppressing the large amount of energy consumption required for air conditioning of the large-volume space in a plastic greenhouse as in the past, and contributing to the reduction of _CO2. obtain. Also, for farmers, by replacing the commonly used hot pots and plastic pots with double pots, localized heating of the soil can be achieved. In particular, since the culture medium can be heated from a single pot, it is easy to develop a plurality of types of cultivation with a high profit margin, such as the early cultivation of wild vegetables and the cultivation of fully ripened mangoes, with a small amount of manpower. In addition, a large pot such as a planter can be used for the double pot, and the number of pots to be subjected to temperature control can be easily increased by connecting the pedestals as necessary. As a result, the cost of fuel consumed in greenhouses can be reduced, making it easier to realize high-value-added agricultural management with less capital, and it can be expected to contribute to the management of aging agriculture.

In addition, when gardening in an ordinary home, for example, in a condominium, the heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil and the double pot can be installed even in a narrow space such as a veranda. Also, if a household air conditioner is used as a heat exchanger for local heating and local cooling, it is possible to obtain the advantage of being able to grow foliage plants and home gardens efficiently with less equipment investment.

The heating/cooling apparatus and heating/cooling method for plant-growing soil of the present invention can be used for tropical fruits such as strawberries and mangoes, vegetables, and edible wild plants. Alternatively, it can be suitably used for warming cultivation of edible flowers, flowers, herbs, etc., and for adjustment of shipping time.

100, 100', 100", 200, 300, 400, 500... Heating and cooling device for plant growing soil 10... Inner pot 20... Outer pot 21... Opening lower surface 22... Temperature control space 30, 30B, 30C, 30D... Pedestal part 31 Grasping opening 32 Internal space 34 Leg portion 36 Support rods 40, 40B, 40C Heat exchanger 42 Duct 44 Second duct 46 Discharge holes 50, 50B Blower fan 60 Temperature detector 70 Temperature management control unit 80 Storage unit 90 Heat insulating material 91 Drying stand 92 Drying pole 93 Sheet material 99 Shielding material SO Plant growing soil

Claims (19)

an inner pot having an open top and containing a bottomed plant-growing soil, the inner pot being made of porous earthenware;
An outer bowl that is open at the top and bottom to cover the inner bowl except for the opening surface, and has a temperature control space formed between the inner surface of the outer bowl and the outer surface of the inner bowl, and has a higher heat conductivity than the inner bowl. Outer bowl with low rate,
A gripping opening for placing the lower surface of the outer bowl is formed in the upper surface, the outer bowl is placed in the gripping opening, and communicated with the opening lower surface of the outer bowl, and the temperature control space inside the outer bowl is provided. a hollow pedestal for supplying temperature-controlled air;
with
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the outer pot has a side surface exposed from the pedestal while the lower surface of the outer pot is placed in the gripping opening of the pedestal. The heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to claim 1,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the inner pot is porous. The heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to claim 1 or 2,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the volume of the temperature-controlled space above the lower surface of the opening of the outer pot is 50% or less of the volume of the inner pot. A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the outer pot holds the upper part of the outer circumference of the inner pot, and the temperature-controlled space is formed below the held portion. A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the inner pot protrudes 50% or more in the height direction from the upper surface of the pedestal. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the outer pot is a pottery glazed on the outer surface. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the outer pot is made of plastic. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the pedestal includes a blower fan for blowing the temperature-controlled air into the temperature-controlled space. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the pedestal has a plurality of holding openings on the upper surface thereof . A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, comprising a heat exchanger thermally coupled to the hollow space of the pedestal. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to claim 10,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged in a hollow space of the pedestal. The heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to claim 10, further comprising:
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, comprising a duct communicating between a hollow space of the pedestal and the heat exchanger arranged outside the pedestal. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the heat exchanger is a boiler, a heat pump, or a heater . A heating and cooling apparatus for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising:
a temperature detection unit that detects the soil temperature of the plant-growing soil in the inner pot;
a temperature management control unit connected to the temperature detection unit and the heat exchanger and performing temperature control by the heat exchanger according to the soil temperature detected by the temperature detection unit;
A heating and cooling device for plant growing soil. The heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to claim 14, further comprising:
It has a storage unit that stores a temperature range suitable for growing each type of plant to be grown,
The temperature management control unit controls the heat exchanger so as to maintain the soil temperature within the range of the corresponding growing temperature according to the type of plant planted in the plant growing soil in the inner pot. Heating and cooling device for plant growing soil. A heating and cooling apparatus for plant growing soil according to any one of claims 10 to 15 ,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil, wherein the soil temperature of the plant-growing soil in the inner pot is controlled to be maintained at 5°C to 20°C by the heat exchanger. A heating and cooling device for plant growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 16 ,
An apparatus for heating and cooling plant-growing soil, wherein the inner pot or the outer pot is made of Shigaraki ware. A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
A heating and cooling device for plant-growing soil installed in a greenhouse. A method for heating and cooling plant-growing soil,
The inner bowl is made of porous pottery with an open top,
a step of storing the plant-growing soil;
The periphery of the inner bowl other than the opening surface is covered with an outer bowl having a lower thermal conductivity than the inner bowl and having an open lower surface with an open lower surface, and between the inner surface of the outer bowl and the outer surface of the inner bowl. forming a temperature controlled space in
The lower part of the outer bowl is placed in the gripping opening of a hollow pedestal having a gripping opening formed on the upper surface, and the side surface of the outer bowl is exposed from the pedestal, and the lower surface of the opening of the outer bowl is exposed. communicating and supplying temperature-controlled air to the temperature-controlled space inside the outer bowl;
A method of heating and cooling a plant-growing soil comprising:

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