JP7231919B2 - Dispersing equipment that can be used for sorting equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dispersing device that can be used in a sorting device that sorts out objects to be sorted and foreign matter.

For example, in the cultivation of scallops, operations of seedling collection, intermediate cultivation, and main cultivation are performed before shipment, and during this period, multiple selection operations are required according to the growth of the shellfish. The first sorting work is to sort out the young scallops taken out from the seedling collector from the foreign matter, and this work is usually called "temporary sorting" work. The juvenile scallops at this stage have a shell length of 10 mm or less, for example, 3 mm to 5 mm, and a weight of 0.1 g to 0.2 g even when seawater is included. These juvenile scallops are light and in the shape of a thin disc with a nearly flat shell surface. It sticks to a person's hand or equipment. Therefore, such small spats are difficult to temporarily sort by machine, and are generally sorted manually in seawater.

However, since manual sorting is complicated and workability is poor, a mechanized device is desired. As a sorting device for sorting shellfish, for example, a device like Patent Document 1 has been proposed. This device selects target shellfish by leaving shellfish larger than the vibrating sorting section (sieve) holes on the sorting section and dropping other small shellfish from the sorting section. The applicant of the present application also proposed a juvenile scallop sorting device capable of temporarily sorting a large number of juvenile scallops in a short period of time even when juvenile scallops of various sizes are mixed in. We have proposed and applied for a patent (Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-133845). All of these devices prevent young clams from aggregating or sticking to the device by vibrating the sorting unit or spraying water on the sorting unit.

Such a sorting apparatus is usually provided with a hopper that holds sorting objects including foreign objects and objects to be sorted (for example, young scallops) before being put into the sorting section. The hopper is provided above the sorting unit, has a space for holding a certain amount of objects to be sorted, and has an inlet for throwing the objects to be sorted into the sorting unit from the space. In such a hopper, so that the objects to be sorted in the hopper are thrown into the sorting section in a dispersed state, the hopper is rocked vertically or horizontally, the angle of inclination is variable, a shell sorter is provided, and water is filled inside. Ingenuity has been made such as the provision of a dispersing body for dispersing the shellfish in the width direction, and the provision of a shell scraping tool (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

JP-A-2000-237686 JP-A-11-333383 JP-A-2000-325886 JP-A-11-56167

However, with the technology used in conventional hoppers, cultured shellfish and foreign matter may not be properly dispersed and may be supplied to the sorting device in clumps. In particular, this problem is significant in equipment used for the purpose of sorting small, light juvenile clams. It may be thrown into the device. If the objects to be sorted are thrown into the sorting device in a lump state, the accuracy of sorting is greatly reduced.

According to the present invention, when objects to be sorted, in which shellfish and foreign objects of various sizes are mixed, are put into a sorting device, the objects to be sorted are not clumped but dispersed, and a substantially constant amount is put into the sorting device. An object of the present invention is to provide a dispersing device that enables

The problem of the present invention can be solved by adopting a configuration in which the outlet of the hopper is provided with a plurality of passages that move in the width direction inside the outlet.
The present invention provides a dispersing device used in a sorting device for sorting out objects to be sorted and foreign matter. The dispersing device comprises a holding section and a dispersing section. The holding section has a placement section on which the objects to be sorted and the objects to be sorted including the foreign matter are placed, and an outlet for the objects to be sorted. The dispersion section is arranged at the outlet and has a plurality of passages arranged in the width direction of the outlet and movable in the width direction. The dispersing device may further comprise a drive for moving the plurality of passageways in the width direction. Moreover, it is preferable that the dispersing device includes a water sprinkling section for sweeping the objects to be sorted in the holding section toward the outlet.

In one embodiment, it is preferable that the dispersing section has a cutting section for scraping off a part of the objects to be sorted from the aggregate of the objects to be sorted, on the placing section side.

In one embodiment, the holding section preferably has a constricted section that narrows the width of the objects to be sorted from the placement section toward the exit. In addition, the position when the wall of one of the plurality of passages located at the outermost side of the plurality of passages of the dispersed portion has moved to the limit of movement on the outermost side of one of the passages and the outermost wall of the other of the plurality of passages. is the same as the width of the constricted portion of the holding portion when the wall of the passage located at the other is moved to the outermost movement limit of the other side. Further, the travel distance of the plurality of passages is preferably the same as the width of the plurality of passages.

According to the present invention, in a series of work processes for sorting objects to be sorted from objects to be sorted including objects to be sorted and other foreign matter, the objects to be sorted are thrown into the sorting apparatus in approximately constant amounts in a dispersed state. Therefore, it is possible to carry out a uniform and highly accurate sorting operation, and since manual sorting is not required, the sorting operation can be labor-saving.

1 shows a dispersing device according to one embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a perspective view of a configuration in which the dispersing device is used with a conventional general-purpose sorting device, and (b) is a top view of the dispersing device. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the dispersion|distribution part by one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is an assembly exploded view, (b) is a general view. Schematic configuration when a dispersing device according to one embodiment of the present invention is used in a scallop juvenile shell sorting device developed by the present applicant, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view and (c) is a side view of a pressing member for moving the dispersion part.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a dispersing device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(a) shows a configuration in which the dispersing device 1 is used with a conventional general-purpose sorting device 50, and FIG. 1(b) shows a top view of the dispersing device 1. FIG. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the dispersing section 30 of the dispersing device 1, where (a) is an assembly exploded view and (b) is an overall view. Not all specific structures are shown in each of these drawings to avoid cluttering the drawings. For example, there is actually a support structure that supports the dispersing device 1, but it is not shown in FIG. 1(a). Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1(b), the dispersion unit 30 of the dispersion device 1 is moved by the driving unit 40, but the driving unit 40 is not shown in FIG. 1(a).

The dispersing device 1 includes a holding section 10 and a dispersing section 30 . The holding unit 10 includes a placement unit 12 into which objects to be sorted including shellfish to be sorted and foreign substances to be removed are placed, and an object to be sorted is dispersed by the dispersing unit 30 and directed to the sorting device 50. and an outlet 14 through which the liquid is discharged. It is preferable that a constricted portion 16 is provided between the placement portion 12 and the exit 14 to narrow the spread of the objects to be sorted from the placement portion 12 toward the exit 14 in the width direction.

The mounting portion 12 has a bottom surface 12a, side walls 12b and 12c, and a rear wall 12d. A sprinkler pipe 18 is preferably arranged near the rear wall 12 d to release water for sweeping the objects to be sorted in the direction of the outlet 14 . Both ends of the water spray pipe 18 are attached to the side walls 12b and 12c, and water is supplied from one end 18b (for example, the end on the side of the side wall 12c) via, for example, a water supply pipe (not shown). The supplied water is discharged from a plurality of water spray holes 18 a provided on the side surface of the water spray pipe 18 .

A narrowed portion 16 continuing to the mounting portion 12 has a bottom surface 16a and side walls 16b and 16c obliquely continuing to the side walls 12b and 12c. Of the objects to be sorted that have been moved from the placing section 12, the objects to be sorted at both ends in the width direction are brought toward the center by the side walls 16b and 16c. It is preferable to further attach a gathering plate 16d to the side walls 16b and 16c. The gathering plate 16d is preferably made of rubber so as not to damage the shells contained in the objects to be sorted. The distance between the tips (ends in the direction of the outlet 14) of the two gathering plates 16d is the position when the plate-like body 32a located at one end of the dispersing section 30 moves to the outermost position and the other end. It is preferably approximately equal to the distance between the position when the plate-like body 32f located at the outermost portion moves outward. By setting the distance between the tips of the two gathering plates 16d in this way, the objects to be sorted are scraped off by roughly a constant amount from the aggregate of the objects to be sorted that have reached the dispersing portion 30 in a state of approximately uniform thickness. be able to. In addition, since the flow rate of water from the sprinkler pipe 18 increases at the throttle section 16, the objects to be sorted can be supplied to the dispersing section 30 more reliably.

It is preferable that the holding portion 10 as a whole swing vertically or horizontally using a drive source (not shown). In addition, it is preferable that the holding portion 10 be inclined so that the direction of the outlet 14 faces downward. Since the holding part 10 swings up and down, right and left, and is arranged at an angle, the objects to be sorted inside can be moved toward the outlet 14 more reliably.

The dispersion section 30 has six plate-like bodies 32a to 32f arranged at approximately equal intervals. Each of the plate-like bodies 32a-32f is preferably formed to have a square shape. The lower sides 32a1 to 32f1 of the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f (in FIG. 2, only reference numbers 32a1 and 32f1 are shown so as not to complicate the drawing; the same applies to 32a2 and 32f2). It is preferably in contact with the bottom surface 14a. The sides 32a2 to 32f2 of the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f on the side of the placing portion 12 function as cutting portions for cutting off a part of the object to be sorted from the leading portion of the object to be sorted in the traveling direction.

Through holes are formed in the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f, and shafts 35 made of stainless steel are passed through these through holes. Spacers 34a-34g are arranged between the plate-like bodies 32a-32f, respectively, to define intervals between the plate-like bodies 32a-32f. Plate-like bodies 32a-32f and spacers 34a-34g are adapted to move on shaft 35. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dispersing section 30 configured in this way has six plate-like members 32a to 32f arranged in the width direction of the outlet 14, and both ends of the shaft 35 extend into the side walls 14b and 14c of the outlet 14. As shown in FIG. fixed to As shown in FIG. 1(b), the dispersing device 1 includes a driving unit 40 that reciprocates the dispersing unit 30 (specifically, plate-like members 32a to 32f and spacers 34a to 34g) in the width direction of the outlet 14. Prepare more. The drive unit 40 preferably comprises a motor 42 and a crank mechanism 44, but is not limited to this configuration. Anything that can be done is good. Further, it is preferable that the driving section 40 can arbitrarily change the reciprocating speed of the dispersing section 30 .

The space between the plate-like bodies 32a-32f functions as a plurality of passages 36 through which the objects scraped off by the plate-like bodies 32a-32f go toward the outlet 14. FIG. Therefore, the plurality of passages 36 are arranged in the width direction of the outlet 14 . The interval between the plates 32a to 32f, that is, the width of the passage 36 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to conditions such as the size of cultured shellfish and the processing capacity of the sorting apparatus. The objects to be sorted that have moved from the placement unit 12 are once dammed up by the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f, and the head portions of the collection of the dammed objects to be sorted are moved to the right and left by the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f. It is scraped off by the cutting portions 32a2 to 32f2. The scraped objects to be sorted are moved left and right by the reciprocating plates 32a to 32f while moving in the passage 36. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the objects to be sorted can be thrown into the sorting device 50 from the outlet 14 in roughly constant amounts in a loose state without being lumped.

The material of the plate-like bodies 32a to 32f is not particularly limited. Any material that can be scraped off is acceptable. The plate-like bodies 32a-32f are preferably made of rubber so as not to damage the shellfish contained in the objects to be sorted. The shape of the plates 32a to 32f is not limited to a rectangular shape. It is preferable to have It is preferable that the cutting portions 32a2 to 32f2 have a height capable of scraping off at least the head portion of the collection of objects to be sorted from top to bottom. The number of movements of the plates 32a to 32f and the spacers 34a to 34g may be appropriately selected according to conditions such as the size of cultured shellfish and the processing capacity of the sorting apparatus, and may be, for example, about once per second. The amount of movement of the plate-like bodies 32a-32f and the spacers 34a-34g is not particularly limited, but it is preferably about the distance between the plate-like bodies 32a-32f (that is, the width of the passage 36). The material of the spacers 34a to 34g is not particularly limited as long as it has corrosion resistance, durability, and slides smoothly on the shaft 35.

The distribution section is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, and for example, a rubber cuboid block having an open bottom and provided with a plurality of openings penetrating from the side of the placement section 12 to the side of the outlet 14. It can also be assumed that In the case of this form, the plurality of openings correspond to the plurality of passages 36 aligned in the width direction of the outlet 14 in the dispersion portion 30, and the walls between the passages are plate-like members 32a to 32f in the dispersion portion 30. corresponds to The cut portions 32a2 to 32f2 in the dispersion portion 30 can be provided on the walls between the passages.

The dispersing device 1 according to the present invention is more preferably used together with a scallop juvenile shell sorting device 50 (hereinafter referred to as a sorting device 50) developed by the present applicant. FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration when the dispersing device 1 is used in the sorting device 50, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is for moving the dispersing unit 30. 2 is a side view of the pressing member 20 of FIG. In each of these drawings, not all specific structures are shown in order to avoid cluttering the drawings. For example, not shown is an enclosure that houses and supports the components of sorting device 50 .

The sorting device 50 is described in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-133845 filed by the present applicant. The outline is shown below. The sorting device 50 can accurately separate scallop juveniles, which have a thin disk-like shape, from scallop shells, which have a rugby ball-like shape. In the sorting device 50, a gap sieve 51 having an elongated gap slightly wider than the thickness of the juvenile scallops in the horizontal direction of the drawing is arranged in the upper stage, and a hole size sieve 52 having a plurality of holes smaller than the diameter of the juvenile scallops is arranged in the lower stage. placed in In the gap sieve 51 on the upper stage, thick and large scallops that do not pass through the gap are left, and young scallops thinner than the width of the gap (that is, objects to be sorted) and scallops smaller than the gap are allowed to pass. In the hole size sieve 52 in the lower stage, juvenile scallops do not pass through the holes, so they remain on the sieve, and scallops smaller in size than the holes pass through. Therefore, if the sorting device 50 is used, it is possible to sort large-sized scallops, juvenile scallops to be sorted, and small-sized scallops in a single sorting process.

The gap sieve 51 and the hole size sieve 52 are placed on roller guides 51d, 52d in which rollers 51c, 52c provided on respective support frames 51b, 52b are fixed inside the outer body (not shown). and is vibrated on the roller guides 51d and 52d by the vibrating portion 53. As shown in FIG. The gap sieve 51 and the hole size sieve 52 are preferably slanted in the same direction with respect to the horizontal direction as shown in FIG.

The gap sieve 51 is configured by attaching a gap sieve unit 51a having elongated gaps to a support frame 51b. The gap sieve unit 51a is, for example, a plurality of square pipes arranged substantially parallel to each other with a gap therebetween. The gap is set to a width corresponding to the thickness of the young scallops to be sorted (a width slightly wider than the thickness). Therefore, the young scallops thrown into the gap sieve unit 51a from the dispersing device 1 pass through the gap in a state in which the length direction or width direction (that is, the radial direction that crosses the thickness direction) is along the length direction of the gap. On the other hand, the shellfish whose thickest part is thicker than the gap remains on the gap sieve unit 51a without passing through.

Below the gap sieve 51 a hole size sieve 52 is arranged. The hole size sieve 52 is configured by attaching a plate-like body 52a having a plurality of holes to a support frame 52b. For the plate-like body 52a, for example, a net 161 or a punching plate obtained by punching a metal plate can be used.

The plate-like body 52a has a plurality of holes set to a size (smaller than the diameter) corresponding to the diameter (that is, the length in the direction transverse to the thickness direction) of the young scallops to be sorted. Young scallops and scallops that have passed through the gap sieve 51 fall onto the plate-like body 52a of the hole size sieve 52. Since the young scallops do not pass through the holes, they remain on the plate-like body 52a and are smaller than the holes. The sized conch shell passes through the plate 52a.

An inclined plate 54 is preferably provided between the gap sieve 51 and the hole size sieve 52 . The inclined plate 54 is provided to move the scallop spats and scallops that have passed through the gap screen 51 to near the top of the inclined hole size screen 52 .

Each of the roller guides 51d and 52d has an upper surface on which the rollers 51c and 52c can run, and the upper surface a is provided with a concave portion substantially in the center with respect to the running direction of the rollers 51c and 52c. The gap sieve 51 and the hole size sieve 52 reciprocate back and forth (that is, in the left and right direction in FIG. 3A) by the operation of the vibrating section 53. Accordingly, the rollers 51c and 52c are roller guides during the reciprocation. Pass through recesses 51d and 52d. Therefore, in the gap sieve 51 and the hole size sieve 52, in addition to the back-and-forth reciprocating vibration, the up-and-down vibration caused by passing through the concave portion is generated independently of each other.

A sprinkler 55 is provided above the gap sieve 14 . The sprinkler unit 55 has a sprinkler box 55a having a space for holding water therein. The sprinkler box 55a has a water supply port 55d for supplying water to the inner space on its upper surface, and a plurality of sprinkler ports for spraying water in the inner space downward on its lower surface.

The sprinkler box 55a can be reciprocated in the width direction of the gap sieve 51 (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3B) by a drive unit 56 having a crank mechanism. By moving the sprinkler box 55a in the width direction of the gap sieve 51, the water from the plurality of water sprinkling ports can be sprinkled over the entire range of the gap sieve 51 in the width direction. For this purpose, a roller 55b is rotatably attached to a side portion parallel to the moving direction of the watering box 55a, and a roller guide 55c having a length in the moving direction of the watering box 55a is attached to the upper part of the exterior body (not shown). , and the roller 55b runs on the roller guide 55c.

The dispersing device 1 according to the present invention is provided above the gap sieve 51 . In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the dispersing unit 30 of the dispersing device 1 is reciprocated by a separately provided driving unit 40, but in the configuration of FIG. is configured to reciprocate using the

As shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the pressing member 20 shown in FIG. 3(c) is attached to the upper surface of the sprinkler box 55a. The pressing member 20 has an end portion 20a fixed to the upper surface of the sprinkler box 55a and two pressing portions 20b and 20c. The end portion 20a and the pressing portions 20b and 20c are connected by a connecting portion 20d. A space 20e wider than the diameter of the spacer 34d of the dispersion portion 30 is provided between the pressing portions 20b and 20c, and the spacer 34d is arranged in the space 20e. The pressing portions 20 b and 20 c are arranged at positions where they can press the surface of the plate-like body 32 c or 32 d of the dispersion portion 30 . The pressing portions 20b and 20c have lengths such that the lower ends do not come into contact with the bottom surface 14a of the outlet 14 of the dispersing device 1. As shown in FIG.

The sprinkler box 55a is reciprocated by the motor 56 in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 3(b). The pressing member 20 attached to the upper surface of the sprinkler box 55a also reciprocates in the same direction, and along with this, the pressing portions 20b and 20c alternately press the opposing surfaces of the plate-like bodies 32c and 32d. As a result, the plate-like bodies 32a-32f and spacers 34a-34g reciprocate in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3(b).

Reference Signs List 1 dispersing device 10 holding part 12 mounting part 12a bottom surface 12b, 12c side wall 12d rear wall 14 outlet 14a bottom surface 14b, 14c side wall 16 squeezed part 16a bottom surface 16b, 16c side wall 16d gathering plate
18 sprinkler pipe 18a sprinkler hole 18b water supply port 20 pressing member 20a end 20b, 20c pressing portion 20d connecting portion
20e space 30 dispersing part 32a-32f plate-like body 32a1-32f1 lower side 32a2-32f2 cutting part 34a-34g spacer 35 shaft 36 passage 40 driving part 42 motor 44 crank mechanism 50 sorting device 51 gap sieve 51a gap sieve unit 51b support frame 51c Roller 51d Roller guide 52 Hole size sieve 52a Plate-like body 52b Support frame 52c Roller 52d Roller guide 53 Vibrating part 55 Sprinkling part 55a Sprinkling box 55b Roller 55c Roller guide 55d Water inlet

Claims (8)

A dispersing device that can be used in a sorting device that sorts objects to be sorted and foreign matter,
a holding unit having a placement unit for placing objects to be sorted including the objects to be sorted and foreign matter; and an outlet for the objects to be sorted;
a distributing part disposed at the outlet and having a plurality of passages, which are spaces between a plurality of plate-shaped bodies arranged in a row at equal intervals , arranged in the width direction of the outlet and movable in the width direction; Dispersing device with. 2. The dispersing device according to claim 1, further comprising a drive unit for moving said plurality of passages in said width direction. 3. The dispersing device according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing section has a cutting section for scraping off a part of the objects to be sorted from the aggregate of the objects to be sorted, on the side of the placing section. The dispersing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holding section has a constricted section that narrows the widthwise spread of the objects to be sorted from the placing section toward the outlet. A position when the wall of one of the plurality of passages located at the outermost side moves to the outermost side movement limit of the one of the plurality of passages; 5. The dispersing device according to claim 4, wherein the distance from the position when the wall of the passage moves to the other outermost movement limit is the same as the width of the constricted portion. 6. Dispersing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the travel distance of the plurality of passages is the same as the width of the plurality of passages. 7. The dispersing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a water sprinkling part for sweeping the objects to be sorted in the holding part toward the outlet. A sorting device comprising a dispersing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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