JP7202147B2 - architectural hardware - Google Patents

Description

In the construction of a folded plate type metal roof (or wall), the present invention is a work of fixing a hanger to a tight frame with bolts and nuts for attaching a roof plate material (wall plate material) to the tight frame. The present invention relates to a construction metal fitting capable of preventing the parts from dropping and improving the working efficiency of attaching a hanger to a tight frame.

Conventionally, in order to construct a folded plate type metal roof (or wall), a tight frame (also called a support) is attached to structural materials such as purlins and furrings using shaped steel such as H type or I (eye) type. ), the most commonly used method is to use fasteners such as bolts and nuts. This is evident from the fact that in recent years, bolts and nuts have been used more and more as means for fixing various parts, since welding methods at construction sites may cause fires and the like.

JP-A-11-229564

There are many examples of using fasteners such as bolts and nuts when attaching a hanger to a tight frame. . In particular, FIGS. 2, 23, and 24 in Cited Document 1 disclose a state in which a hanger is attached to a tight frame with bolts and nuts. By the way, the number of tight frames in the construction of a folded plate roof increases as the area of the roof to be constructed increases. must be aligned.

In addition, as described above, the number of bolts and nuts used for joining the tight frame and the hanger is also large. When such a large number of bolts and nuts are arranged, there is a sufficient possibility that parts such as nuts may be dropped during the operation of fixing a hanger to a tight frame using these bolts and nuts. In particular, at a construction site of a high-rise building, even a small part such as a nut can cause a very dangerous situation if it falls.

A conventional process will be described below with reference to FIG. First, the part b, such as a nut, is likely to fall when attaching the hanger d to the tight frame a. 9(A)]. When holding different parts in both hands, there is a high risk that the worker will accidentally drop the part b such as the nut.

It is also possible to adopt a method of fixing the nut b to the tight frame a by welding in advance. It is highly probable that the nut that has been fastened may come off and drop due to an impact caused by some external factor [see FIG. 9(B)].

Therefore, the object of the present invention (technical problem to be solved) is an inclusion for installing a roof plate material (or wall plate material) on a tight frame in the construction of a folded plate type metal roof (or wall). To provide a component part capable of preventing a nut from falling due to careless mistake of a worker when fixing a hanger or the like with a bolt/nut.

Therefore, as a result of earnest research in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the inventor of the present invention has a top plate portion having an opening hole and a bent portion formed downward from one end of the top plate portion. a lower plate portion bent from the lower end of the hanging plate portion toward the upper plate portion side and parallel to the upper plate portion; and an internal screw portion. , the inner screw portion is provided integrally with the lower plate portion at a position corresponding to the opening hole, and a holding plate portion is provided at an outer edge portion of the lower plate portion so as to connect the upper plate portion and the package. A predetermined gap is provided between the holding plate portion and the height dimension of the holding plate portion from the surface of the lower plate portion is equivalent to the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion. The above problems have been solved by providing the construction fitting as described above.

The invention of claim 2 is the construction metal fitting according to claim 1, wherein the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion are square-shaped, thereby solving the above problem. The invention of claim 3 is the construction metal fitting of claim 1 or 2, wherein the holding plate portion is provided at three edges of the lower plate portion excluding the position of the hanging plate portion. The above problem was solved by making it a construction metal fitting. The invention of claim 4 is the construction metal fitting according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein a nut is used as the inner threaded portion and fixed to the surface of the lower plate portion. The above problem was solved by making it a construction metal fitting.

In the construction metal fitting according to claim 4, the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion is the height dimension of the holding plate portion from the surface of the lower plate portion. The above problems have been solved by making the fittings for construction smaller. The invention of claim 6 is the construction metal fitting according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the inner screw portion has a burring extending upward from the periphery of a through hole formed in the lower plate portion. The above problems are solved by constructing a metal fitting for construction in which an inner screw is formed on the inner circumference of the burring.

The invention of claim 7 is the construction metal fitting according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 3, wherein the inner screw portion is formed in a through hole formed in the lower plate portion. The above problem was solved by making the metal fittings for construction as follows.

In the first aspect of the invention, the construction metal fitting comprises an upper plate portion having an opening, a hanging plate portion bent downward from one end of the upper plate portion, and a lower end of the hanging plate portion. A lower plate portion bent toward the upper plate portion and parallel to the upper plate portion; and an inner screw portion, the inner screw portion corresponding to the opening of the upper plate portion. and integrally provided with the lower plate portion.

With such a configuration, in the construction metal fitting of the present invention, a predetermined position of the tight frame formed of a metal strip material is sandwiched between the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion, and the opening hole of the upper plate portion is held. and the position of the through-hole formed at a predetermined position of the tight frame and the inner screw portion integrally provided on the lower plate portion are aligned, the hanger is placed on the upper plate portion, and the hanger is A bolt is inserted through the bolt hole of the seat plate, the opening hole of the upper plate, and the through hole of the tight frame, and the hanger is fixed to the tight frame simply by tightening it to the internal thread of the lower plate. Roofing board material (wall board material) can be attached to the tight frame through

In this work, the construction metal fitting of the present invention can be temporarily fixed to the tight frame by arranging the construction metal fitting in a state in which a portion of the tight frame is sandwiched between the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion. As a result, both hands of the worker can be freed, and various types of work such as holding tools can be performed, thereby improving work efficiency. In addition, since the inner threaded portion is integrally provided with the lower plate portion, the inner threaded portion does not fall off when fixing the hanger to the tight frame with a bolt, ensuring safety during work. .

Further, in the invention of claim 1, the lower plate portion is provided with a holding plate portion so as to surround the inner screw portion, and a predetermined gap is formed between the upper plate portion and the holding plate portion. The height dimension of the holding plate portion from the surface of the lower plate portion is equal to or greater than the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion, thereby achieving the construction use of the present invention. When the metal fitting is arranged at a predetermined position of the tight frame and sandwiched between the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion, the holding plate portion comes into contact with the mounting portion of the tight frame, and the metal fitting is installed in an extremely stable state. can be done. It also has the advantage that the inner threaded portion is protected by the enclosing plate portion. In the second aspect of the present invention, the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion are formed in a rectangular shape. Can be temporarily fixed in a stable state.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the holding plate portion is configured such that the inner screw portion of the lower plate portion is provided with three edges of the lower plate portion excluding the position of the hanging plate portion, thereby achieving a tight frame. Since the three holding plate portions abut against the mounting location of the construction metal fitting, the construction metal fitting comes into contact with the tight frame at three points, and can be mounted extremely stably. In the fourth aspect of the invention, a nut is used as the inner threaded portion and fixed to the surface of the lower plate portion, thereby simplifying the construction and manufacturing of the construction fitting of the present invention.

According to the invention of claim 5 , the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion is made smaller than the height dimension of the holding plate portion from the surface of the lower plate portion, so that a tight frame for construction use is provided. Since only the three holding plate portions abut against the mounting location of the metal fitting, the architectural metal fitting comes into three-point contact with the tight frame by the three holding plate portions, resulting in much more stable mounting. can be done.

In the sixth aspect of the invention, the internal thread portion is formed with a burring extending upward from the periphery of the through hole formed in the lower plate portion, and the internal thread is formed on the inner periphery of the burring. , the structure of the construction fitting of the present invention can be simplified. In the seventh aspect of the invention, the inner threaded portion is configured such that the inner threaded portion is formed in a through hole formed in the lower plate portion, thereby simplifying the structure of the construction metal fitting of the present invention.

(A) is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the main part of the metal roof of the rake folded plate type using the first embodiment of the architectural metal fitting, (B) is an enlarged view of (α) part of (A), (C) It is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y1-Y1 in (B). (A) is a perspective view showing a stage prior to mounting the first embodiment of the construction metal fitting to the mounting location of the tight frame, and (B) is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the construction metal fitting mounted on the tight frame. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the state which mounts|wears a tight frame with a child. (A) is a plan view of the first embodiment of the construction fitting, (B) is a cross-sectional view along Y2-Y2 in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view along Y3-Y3 in (B). (A) is a longitudinal front view showing a modification of the first embodiment of the construction metal fitting, and (B) is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a state in which the modification of the first embodiment of the construction metal fitting is attached to a tight frame. (A) is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the pre-stage of attaching the construction fitting of the present invention to the mounting location of the tight frame, and (B) is a hanger fixed to the tight frame via the construction fitting attached to the tight frame. FIG. 2C is an exploded longitudinal side view showing a state in which the construction metal fitting of the present invention is interposed, and FIG. (A) is a perspective view of 2nd Embodiment of the metal fittings for building, (B) is a longitudinal side view of (A). (A) is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a third embodiment of a construction metal fitting, and (B) is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a fourth embodiment of a construction metal fitting. (A) is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a main part of a fitting folded plate type metal roof using the first embodiment of the construction fitting, and (B) is an enlarged view of (β) part of (A). (A) and (B) are enlarged views of the main part showing the prior art.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the construction metal fittings in the present invention are suspensions used for installing construction plate materials constituting a folded-plate type roof (including walls) on a tight frame 5 fixed to structural materials such as purlins and furring strips. It is a member for mounting the child 6 at a predetermined position of the tight frame 5 . In the present invention, the width direction and the front-rear direction are used as words indicating directions. The direction in which both legs are formed in the tight frame 5 is defined as the width direction, and the direction perpendicular to the width direction is defined as the front-rear direction. The width direction and the front-rear direction are described in the drawing.

1, 2, 3, etc., the construction metal fitting of the present invention comprises a body portion 1, an internal thread portion 3 and a bolt 8. As shown in FIGS. There is also a configuration in which the holding plate portion 2 is added to the configuration described above. A plurality of embodiments exist in the construction fitting, and the first embodiment will be described. The body portion 1 is composed of an upper plate portion 11, a lower plate portion 12, and a hanging plate portion 13. The upper plate portion 11, the lower plate portion 12, and the hanging plate portion 13 form a substantially U-shape. [See FIG. 3(B)].

An opening hole 11 a is formed in the upper plate portion 11 . A hanging plate portion 13 is bent downward from one end of the upper plate portion 11 . A lower plate portion 12 is formed so as to extend from the lower end of the hanging plate portion 13 toward the formation side of the upper plate portion 11 and to be parallel to the upper plate portion 11 . As described above, the upper plate portion 11 and the lower plate portion 12 are parallel to each other, but they may be substantially parallel to each other.

The inner threaded portion 3 is provided integrally with the lower plate portion 12, and the inner threaded portion 3 is provided at a position corresponding to the opening hole 11a formed in the upper plate portion 11 (see FIG. 3). . The configuration in which the inner threaded portion 3 is provided integrally with the lower plate portion 12 means that the inner threaded portion 3 is integrated with the lower plate portion 12 , and the inner threaded portion 3 is attached to the lower plate portion 12 . It is in an immovable state.

The inner threaded portion 3 is a portion in which an inner thread is formed on the inner circumference. The internal thread is a part to be screwed with the bolt 8 . The internal threaded portion 3 is a portion in which an internal thread 3a is formed on the inner periphery of the through hole (see FIG. 3). Specifically, a nut 31 provided with an internal thread 3a is often used as the internal thread portion 3 . When the nut 31 is used as the inner screw portion 3, it is fixed to the surface (upper surface) side of the lower plate portion 12 (see FIG. 3). Welding w is often used as the fixing means (see FIG. 3).

Alternatively, the lower plate portion 12 and the nut 31 may be fixed to the lower plate portion 12 using an adhesive having a strong adhesive force. A through hole 12a having the same center as the hole of the inner screw 3a of the nut 31 is formed in the lower plate portion 12 where the nut 31 is fixed. As the nut 31 used as the inner threaded portion 3, a normal hexagonal nut or a square nut is used.

The upper plate part 11 and the lower plate part 12 are formed in a rectangular shape. Specifically, the upper plate portion 11 and the lower plate portion 12 are formed in a rectangular shape or a square shape, and it is particularly preferable to be formed in a rectangular shape. The holding plate portion 2 is provided on the lower plate portion 12 so as to surround the internal thread portion 3 (see FIGS. 2 and 3, etc.). The holding plate portion 2 is formed perpendicularly to the lower plate portion 12 at the outer edge of the lower plate portion 12 (see FIG. 3).

The holding plate portion 2 is configured to be provided at three edges of the square (rectangular) lower plate portion 12 excluding the position of the hanging plate portion 13 . That is, one side of the four sides of the square (rectangular) lower plate portion 12 is surrounded by the hanging plate portion 13, and the other three sides are surrounded by the holding plate portion 2 (FIG. 2). reference). In this case, it is preferable that the hanging plate portion 13 and the three holding plate portions 2 are provided intermittently so as to have appropriate gaps without adjoining adjacent portions [Fig. ), see FIG. 3(B), etc.].

As a modification of the first embodiment of the construction fitting, the holding plate portion 2 may be substantially perpendicular to the lower plate portion 12 . Specifically, the upper portion of the holding plate portion 2 may be inclined outward with respect to the lower plate portion 12 (see FIG. 4). Among the plurality of holding plate portions 2 formed on the lower plate portion 12 , all the holding plate portions 2 have the same height dimension from the surface (upper surface) of the lower plate portion 12 .

As a result, when attached to the top portion 51 of the tight frame 5, the apexes of all the holding plate portions 2 can abut against the back surface side of the top portion 51. This allows for tightening and fixing with bolts, which will be described later. Stability in wearing can be obtained. A space s exists between the upper end of the holding plate portion 2 and the lower surface (rear surface) side of the upper plate portion 11 . The gap s is set to be slightly larger than the thickness dimension t of the metal band plate of the tight frame, which will be described later (see FIG. 5).

Further, the height dimension H1 of the holding plate portion 2 from the surface of the lower plate portion 12 is equal to or greater than the height dimension H2 of the internal screw portion 3 from the surface of the lower plate portion 12.
in short,
Ｈ1≧Ｈ2
is.

Preferably, the height dimension H2 of the inner screw portion 3 as the nut 31 from the surface of the lower plate portion 12 is preferably smaller than the height dimension H1 of the holding plate portion 2 from the surface of the lower plate portion 12. [see FIGS. 3(B) and 3(C)]. As a result, when attached to the top portion 51 of the tight frame, the upper ends of the three holding plate portions 2 are in contact with the lower surface (rear surface) of the top portion 51, and the construction metal fittings are positioned at three points with respect to the tight frame 5. It can be installed in an extremely stable state by abutment.

Moreover, as a second embodiment of the metal fitting for construction of the present invention, there is also an embodiment in which the holding plate portion 2 is not formed. In this embodiment, it is composed only of an upper plate portion 11, a lower plate portion 12, a pendulous plate portion 13, and an internal screw portion 3, which constitute the main body portion 1 (see FIG. 6). Since the holding plate portion 2 does not exist in this embodiment, the upper plate portion 11 can approach the lower plate portion 12 via the hanging plate portion 13 and elastically deform so as to be restored. As a result, when the construction fitting is attached to the top portion 51 of the tight frame 5, the top portion 51 can be substantially sandwiched between the upper plate portion 11 and the internal thread portion 3, and the simplest configuration is sufficient. effective.

As a third embodiment of the construction metal fitting of the present invention, the internal thread portion 3 is formed with a burring 32 extending upward from the periphery of the through hole 12a of the lower plate portion 12, and the internal thread is formed on the inner periphery of the burring 32. 3a may be formed [see FIG. 7(A)]. Further, as a fourth embodiment of the construction metal fitting of the present invention, the inner thread 3a may be formed on the inner periphery of the through hole 12a of the lower plate portion 12 as the inner thread portion 3 [Fig. B)].

Next, the tight frame 5 has leg portions 52, 52 formed on both sides in the width direction of the top portion 51, and the top portion 51 and the two leg portions 52, 52 form a substantially trapezoidal chevron. Both legs 52, 52 are formed so as to be substantially symmetrical in the width direction. Horizontal bottoms 53 , 53 are formed from the lower ends of both legs 52 , 52 . Both bottom portions 53, 53 are formed so as to extend along the width direction (see FIG. 1(A)).

The top portion 51 is formed in a flat shape or in a two-tiered elevation depending on the type of the building plate material 7 that constitutes the folded-plate roof to be constructed. The top portion 51 having a two-step height surface is suitable for a fastened type folded plate roof, and a stepped portion 51c is formed at an intermediate portion in the width direction of the top portion 51, and one surface of the stepped portion 51c is formed. is a low level surface 51a, and the other is a high level surface 51b [see FIGS. 1(A) and 2(A)]. The lower surface 51a is a portion on which a hanger 6 for fixing a metal folded-plate roof plate material is installed. Both leg portions 52, 52 are formed so as to be inclined outward and downward from both ends of the top portion 51 in the width direction.

There are various folded plate types for the building plate material 7, including a tightening type [see FIG. 1(A)] and a fitting type using a fitting cap material (see FIG. 8). As shown in FIG. 1(A), as the building plate material 7 of the tightening type, rising side portions 72, 72 are formed from both side portions in the width direction of a main plate 71, and top portions are formed from both ends of the both rising side portions 72, 72. 73, 73 are formed, a lower rise portion 74a is formed from one end of both the top portions 73, 73, and an upper rise portion 74b is formed at the other end of the top portion 73. As shown in FIG.

The building plate material 7 is made of metal, and specifically, is formed by drum forming or the like from a metal plate. A plurality of such construction plate materials 7, 7, . . . The lower stretched portion 74a and the upper stretched portion 74b are joined together to form a stretched outer enclosure (see FIG. 1(A)).

A fitting-type folded-plate roof plate is composed of a fitted portion 76 and a fitting cap member 77 . A hanger 6 such as a fitting hanger adapted to this type of building board 7 is used. The opposed fitted portions 76, 76 of the adjacent building plates 7, 7 are fixed on the top portion 51 of the tight frame 5 by the hanger 6, and the opposed fitted portions 76, 76 and the suspended portion The fitting cap member 77 is fitted and fixed to the child 6 (see FIG. 8).

Next, a description will be given of the process of attaching the hanger 6 to the tight frame 5 and constructing the folded-plate roof using the construction metal fittings of the present invention. Here, the case where the tight frame 5 is used for construction of a fastened type folded plate roof will be described. The tight frame 5 is formed from a metal strip material. The top portion 51 of the tight frame 5 is formed on both high and low sides of the two steps. The top portion 51 has a stepped portion 51c formed in the middle portion in the width direction. is formed with a through hole 51d (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 5).

First, the tight frames 5 are arranged and fixed at predetermined intervals on structural members 9 such as steel beams of a building structure. The construction fitting of the present invention is attached to the lower surface 51a of the top portion 51 of the tight frame 5 (see FIGS. 2(A) and 5(A)). At this time, the construction fitting is inserted into the top portion 51 so that the lower surface 51a is inserted between the upper plate portion 11 and the lower plate portion 12, and the lower surface is formed by the upper plate portion 11 and the lower plate portion 12. 51a is sandwiched [see FIG. 5(B)].

Then, the opening hole 11a of the upper plate portion 11 of the construction fitting and the through hole 51d of the tight frame 5 are aligned with each other. When the positions of the opening hole 11a and the through hole 51d are aligned, the through hole 51d of the lower surface 51a is aligned with the through hole 12a of the inner screw portion 3 and the lower plate portion 12 (see FIG. 5B). reference〕.

Next, the hanger 6 is placed on the upper plate portion 11 of the construction fitting attached to the lower surface 51 a of the tight frame 5 . Then, the attachment hole 61a of the seat plate portion 61 of the hanger 6 is aligned with the opening hole 11a of the upper plate portion 11 of the construction fitting. Then, the bolt 8 is inserted, and the bolt 8 and the internal thread 3a of the internal thread portion 3 are screwed together and tightened. Here, the holding plate portion 2 is formed on the lower plate portion 12, and the upper end of the holding plate portion 2 contacts the lower surface (rear surface) side of the lower surface 51a of the tight frame 5 [FIG. C)].

When the lower plate portion 12 is rectangular, the holding plate portions 2 are provided at both ends in the width direction and one end in the front-rear direction of the lower plate portion 12, and the upper ends of these three holding plate portions 2 are Abutting on the lower surface (rear surface) side of the low level surface 51a, the construction fitting can be stably installed on the low level surface 51a of the tight frame 5. As shown in FIG. Here, when the height of the upper end of the internal thread portion 3 is lower than the height of the upper end of the holding plate portion 2, only the holding plate portion 2 abuts the lower surface 51a.

Also, when the height of the inner threaded portion 3 and the height of the holding plate portion 2 are the same, both the holding plate portion 2 and the inner threaded portion 3 abut on the lower surface 51a. The hanger 6 installed on the tight frame 5 via construction metal fittings has a lower rise portion 74a of the folded plate construction plate material 7 of the tightening type attached to the side of the tongue piece 62, and then the adjacent construction construction The upper raised portion 74b of the plate material 7 is braced on the tongue piece 62 and the lower raised portion 74a. This work is repeated in order to complete the construction of a fastened type folded plate roof.

In addition, in the construction of a fitting type folded-plate roof plate, the top portion 51 of the tight frame 5 is of a flat type with no step. The hanger 6 has tongues 62, 62 formed on both sides in the width direction of a seat plate 61. As shown in FIG. Then, the construction fitting is inserted into the top portion 51 so that the flat top portion 51 of the tight frame 5 is inserted between the top plate portion 11 and the bottom plate portion 12 of the construction fitting. 8B].

Then, the opening hole 11a of the upper plate portion 11 of the construction fitting, the through hole 51d of the tight frame 5, the inner thread portion 3 and the through hole 12a of the lower plate portion 12 are aligned. Next, the hanger 6 is placed on the upper plate portion 11 of the architectural fitting, and the mounting hole 61a of the seat plate portion 61 of the hanger 6 is aligned with the opening hole 11a of the upper plate portion 11 of the architectural fitting. are aligned with each other, a bolt 8 is inserted, and the bolt 8 and the inner thread 3a of the inner thread portion 3 are screwed together and tightened.

Next, the opposing fitted portions 76, 76 of the adjacent building plate materials 7, 7 are wound by the tongues 62, 62 on both sides in the width direction of the hanger 6, and the fitted portions 76, 76 and the suspension are wound. A fitting cap material 77 is fitted and fixed from above the child 6 . This work is repeated in order to construct a fitting type folded plate roof (see FIG. 8).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main-body part 11a... Opening hole 11... Upper plate part 13... Hanging plate part 12... Lower plate part,
2... Holding plate portion, 3... Internal screw portion, 32... Burring, s... Gap.

Claims (7)

an upper plate portion having an opening hole; a hanging plate portion formed by bending downward from one end of the upper plate portion; and an internal threaded portion, the internal threaded portion being provided integrally with the lower plate portion at a position corresponding to the opening hole, and A holding plate portion is provided on the outer edge of the lower plate portion, a predetermined gap is provided between the upper plate portion and the holding plate portion, and a gap is provided between the upper plate portion and the holding plate portion. is equal to or greater than the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion . 2. The construction metal fitting according to claim 1, wherein said upper plate portion and said lower plate portion are rectangular. 3. The construction metal fitting according to claim 1, wherein the holding plate portion is provided at three edges of the lower plate portion excluding the position of the hanging plate portion. hardware. 4. The construction metal fitting according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein a nut is used as said inner threaded portion and is fixed to the surface of said lower plate portion. hardware. 5. The construction metal fitting according to claim 4, wherein the height dimension of the inner screw portion from the surface of the lower plate portion is smaller than the height dimension of the holding plate portion from the surface of the lower plate portion. A construction hardware characterized by: 4. The construction metal fitting according to claim 1, wherein the internal screw portion is formed with a burring extending upward from the periphery of a through hole formed in the lower plate portion, and the internal thread of the burring 1. A construction metal fitting characterized by having a configuration in which an inner screw is formed around the circumference. 4. The construction metal fitting according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 3, wherein the inner screw portion is configured such that an inner screw is formed in a through hole formed in the lower plate portion. Architectural hardware.

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