JP7199292B2 - shock absorber - Google Patents

shock absorber Download PDF

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JP7199292B2
JP7199292B2 JP2019076466A JP2019076466A JP7199292B2 JP 7199292 B2 JP7199292 B2 JP 7199292B2 JP 2019076466 A JP2019076466 A JP 2019076466A JP 2019076466 A JP2019076466 A JP 2019076466A JP 7199292 B2 JP7199292 B2 JP 7199292B2
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hard
soft
wall
cylindrical
peripheral surface
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JP2020173007A (en
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岳宗 橋本
聡司 丹羽
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Toyo Tire Corp
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Toyo Tire Corp
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Priority to JP2019076466A priority Critical patent/JP7199292B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/085—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper characterised by features of plastics springs; Attachment arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein

Description

本発明は緩衝装置に関し、特に軟質部および硬質部の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる緩衝装置に関するものである。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock absorber, and more particularly to a shock absorber capable of suppressing abnormal noise generated when expanding and contracting a soft portion and a hard portion.

カップ状の保持部材と、その保持部材の内側に保持される弾性体製の硬質部と、その硬質部の筒部に外周面の一端側が保持されて硬質部から突出すると共に硬質部よりも軟らかい弾性体製の軟質部と、を備え、軟質部および硬質部を圧縮変形させて衝撃を吸収する緩衝装置が知られている。この緩衝装置によれば、軟質部の圧縮量が少ないときは軟質部の圧縮変形による軟らかいばね特性を発揮でき、軟質部の圧縮量が多くなると、軟質部および硬質部の圧縮変形による硬いばね特性を発揮できる。 A cup-shaped holding member, an elastic hard portion held inside the holding member, and one end side of an outer peripheral surface held by a cylindrical portion of the hard portion, projecting from the hard portion and being softer than the hard portion. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a shock absorber that includes a soft portion made of an elastic body and compressively deforms the soft portion and the hard portion to absorb impact. According to this damping device, when the amount of compression of the soft portion is small, soft spring characteristics due to compressive deformation of the soft portion can be exhibited, and when the amount of compression of the soft portion increases, hard spring characteristics due to compressive deformation of the soft and hard portions can be exhibited. can demonstrate

さらに、この緩衝装置は、軟質部および硬質部の圧縮量が多いとき、軟質部および筒部が径方向外側へ膨らみ過ぎるのを防止して硬いばね特性を確実に発揮できるよう、筒部の径方向外側に保持部材の筒状の壁部を位置させている。特許文献１に開示された技術では、この筒部と壁部との間に軸方向の略全長に亘って隙間が設けられている。 Further, in this shock absorber, when the amount of compression of the soft portion and the hard portion is large, the diameter of the cylindrical portion is adjusted so as to prevent the soft portion and the cylindrical portion from expanding excessively outward in the radial direction and to reliably exhibit hard spring characteristics. The tubular wall portion of the holding member is positioned on the direction outside. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a gap is provided between the tubular portion and the wall portion over substantially the entire length in the axial direction.

特開２００１－１７３７０９号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-173709

しかしながら、上記特許文献１の技術では、軟質部および硬質部の伸縮に伴って、径方向外側へ膨らんだ筒部が壁部に密着した後、筒部と壁部とが一気に離れるときに、その密着していた部分に勢いよく空気が入り込んだ衝撃によって異音が発生するという問題点がある。 However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the cylindrical portion swelled radially outward due to the expansion and contraction of the soft portion and the hard portion comes into close contact with the wall portion, the cylindrical portion and the wall portion are separated from each other at once. There is a problem that an abnormal noise is generated due to the impact of the forceful air entering the portion where the parts are in close contact with each other.

本発明は上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、軟質部および硬質部の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる緩衝装置を提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a shock absorber capable of suppressing abnormal noise generated during expansion and contraction of a soft portion and a hard portion.

この目的を達成するために本発明の緩衝装置は、筒状の壁部と、前記壁部の軸方向の一端を塞ぐ底部とを有する保持部材と、前記壁部の径方向の内側に位置して前記底部に接触した状態で前記保持部材に保持される弾性体製の硬質部と、前記軸方向の第１端および第２端を有して前記第１端側が前記硬質部に保持されると共に前記硬質部よりも軟らかい弾性体製の軟質部と、を備え、前記硬質部は、前記底部と前記第１端との間に挟まれる基端部と、前記基端部から前記第２端側へ延びて前記軟質部の前記第１端側の一部の外周面と前記壁部との間に配置される筒部と、を備え、前記筒部の外周面は、前記軟質部および前記硬質部が前記軸方向に圧縮されていない状態において、前記壁部の内周面との間に隙間を設けて対面する第１面と、前記第１面よりも前記第２端側に位置して前記壁部の内周面に接触する第２面と、を備えている。 In order to achieve this object, the damping device of the present invention comprises a holding member having a cylindrical wall portion and a bottom portion that closes one axial end of the wall portion; an elastic hard portion held by the holding member in contact with the bottom portion; and a first end and a second end in the axial direction, the first end of which is held by the hard portion and a soft portion made of an elastic body that is softer than the hard portion, and the hard portion includes a base end portion sandwiched between the bottom portion and the first end, and from the base end portion to the second end. a cylindrical portion that extends toward the side and is arranged between a part of the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion on the first end side and the wall portion, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion includes the soft portion and the In a state in which the hard portion is not compressed in the axial direction, a first surface facing the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion with a gap therebetween is located closer to the second end than the first surface. and a second surface in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the wall.

請求項１記載の緩衝装置によれば、軟質部および硬質部が圧縮されていない状態において、筒部の外周面の第１面と壁部の内周面との間に隙間が設けられているので、軟質部および硬質部を軸方向に圧縮するときに、筒部を壁部へ向かって膨らませることができる。これにより、軟質部および硬質部の圧縮変形時の荷重－撓み曲線の荷重の立ち上がりを緩やかにでき、緩衝装置の緩衝性能を確保できる。 According to the damping device of claim 1, a gap is provided between the first surface of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion in a state in which the soft portion and the hard portion are not compressed. Therefore, when compressing the soft portion and the hard portion in the axial direction, the tubular portion can be expanded toward the wall portion. As a result, the rise of the load-deflection curve in the compression deformation of the soft portion and the hard portion can be moderated, and the shock-absorbing performance of the shock-absorbing device can be ensured.

また、軸方向に圧縮された硬質部の筒部が径方向の外側へ膨らんで筒部の外周面と壁部の内周面とが密着した後、その圧縮が解除されたときには、圧縮前に隙間があった第１面と壁部とが一気に離れて空気が勢いよく入り込むことによって異音が発生する。また、その圧縮が解除されたときに、壁部の第２端側の端部を自由端として壁部が振動して異音が発生する。しかし、第１面よりも第２端側に位置する第２面と壁部とを接触させて隙間の体積を小さくできるので、その隙間に入る空気量を減らして異音を発生し難くできる。さらに、第２面と壁部とを接触させて壁部の振動を抑制できるので、その壁部の振動に起因した異音の発生を抑制できる。その結果、軟質部および硬質部の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる。 Further, when the cylindrical portion of the hard portion compressed in the axial direction swells radially outward and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion are in close contact with each other, the compression is released before the compression. The gap between the first surface and the wall suddenly separates, and the air rushes in, causing abnormal noise. Further, when the compression is released, the wall vibrates with the end on the second end side of the wall as a free end, and noise is generated. However, since the second surface located closer to the second end than the first surface is brought into contact with the wall to reduce the volume of the gap, the amount of air entering the gap can be reduced, making noise less likely to occur. Furthermore, since the vibration of the wall can be suppressed by bringing the second surface and the wall into contact with each other, it is possible to suppress the generation of abnormal noise caused by the vibration of the wall. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult for the soft portion and the hard portion to generate abnormal noise when expanding and contracting.

請求項２記載の緩衝装置によれば、請求項１記載の緩衝装置の奏する効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。筒部の内周面から径方向の内側へ突出部が突出し、筒部のうち突出部よりも基端部側の部分に軟質部の嵌合部が嵌まることで、軟質部が硬質部に保持される。壁部に接触する第２面の少なくとも一部が、突出部を径方向の外側へ投影した領域に位置するので、突出部が径方向の外側へ広がり過ぎることを防止できる。これにより、突出部から嵌合部を抜け難くでき、硬質部に軟質部を保持した状態を維持し易くできる。 According to the shock absorber of claim 2, in addition to the effects of the shock absorber of claim 1, the following effects are obtained. A protruding portion protrudes radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, and the fitting portion of the soft portion is fitted to a portion of the cylindrical portion that is closer to the proximal end than the protruding portion, thereby connecting the soft portion to the hard portion. retained. Since at least a part of the second surface that contacts the wall portion is positioned in a region where the protrusion is projected radially outward, it is possible to prevent the protrusion from expanding too much radially outward. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult for the fitting portion to come off from the projecting portion, and it is possible to easily maintain the state in which the soft portion is held by the hard portion.

請求項３記載の緩衝装置によれば、請求項１又は２に記載の緩衝装置の奏する効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。壁部の第２端側の端部は、壁部のうち第２面に接触した部分から径方向の外側へ湾曲する湾曲部である。この湾曲部よりも第２端側へ筒部が延びているので、圧縮変形に伴って径方向の外側へ広がった軟質部が壁部に当たることを筒部により防止しつつ、径方向の外側へ広がった筒部が壁部の第２端側の端部に食い込んで筒部の耐久性が低下することを湾曲部により防止できる。 According to the damping device of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the damping device of claim 1 or 2, the following effects are obtained. The end portion of the wall portion on the second end side is a curved portion that curves outward in the radial direction from a portion of the wall portion that is in contact with the second surface. Since the cylindrical portion extends toward the second end side from the curved portion, the soft portion, which expands radially outward due to compressive deformation, is prevented from coming into contact with the wall portion while being radially outward. The curved portion can prevent the widened tubular portion from biting into the end portion on the second end side of the wall portion and reducing the durability of the tubular portion.

さらに、軟質部および硬質部の圧縮変形時には、径方向の外側へ湾曲する湾曲部と筒部とが径方向に強く密着し難いので、第２面よりも第２端側で筒部と壁部（湾曲部）とが接触した後に離れて異音が発生することを抑制できる。よって、軟質部および硬質部の耐久性を確保しつつ、軟質部および硬質部の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる。 Furthermore, when the soft portion and the hard portion are compressed and deformed, it is difficult for the curved portion that curves radially outward and the cylindrical portion to come into close contact with each other in the radial direction. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of abnormal noise when the (curved portion) separates after contact. Therefore, while ensuring the durability of the soft portion and the hard portion, it is possible to make it difficult to generate noise when the soft portion and the hard portion expand and contract.

請求項４記載の緩衝装置によれば、請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の緩衝装置の奏する効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。壁部の内周面に接触する第２面が筒部の全周に亘って設けられている。これにより、軟質部および硬質部が軸方向に圧縮されるときに径方向外側へ膨らもうとする筒部によって、第２面よりも底部側の第１面と壁部との隙間の空気を圧縮できる。そして、軟質部および硬質部の圧縮が解除されるときには、第１面と壁部との間で圧縮されていた空気が再び膨張するので、第１面と壁部との隙間へ入る空気量をより減らすことができ、その空気の入り込みによる異音を発生し難くできる。その結果、軟質部および硬質部の伸縮時の異音をより発生し難くできる。 According to the shock absorber according to claim 4, in addition to the effects of the shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the following effects are obtained. A second surface that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the wall is provided over the entire circumference of the tubular portion. As a result, when the soft portion and the hard portion are compressed in the axial direction, the air in the gap between the first surface closer to the bottom than the second surface and the wall portion is removed by the cylindrical portion that tends to expand radially outward. Can be compressed. When the compression of the soft portion and the hard portion is released, the air compressed between the first surface and the wall expands again. This can be further reduced, and noise due to the intrusion of the air can be made less likely to occur. As a result, it is possible to make it more difficult for the soft portion and the hard portion to generate abnormal noise when expanding and contracting.

第１実施形態における緩衝装置の断面図である。It is a sectional view of a shock absorber in a 1st embodiment. 図１のＩＩで示す部分を拡大して示した緩衝装置の部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the shock absorber showing an enlarged portion indicated by II in FIG. 1; 第２実施形態における緩衝装置の部分拡大断面図である。It is a partial expanded sectional view of the shock absorber in 2nd Embodiment. 第３実施形態における緩衝装置の部分拡大断面図である。It is a partial expanded sectional view of the shock absorber in 3rd Embodiment.

以下、好ましい実施形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図１及び図２を参照して第１実施形態における緩衝装置２０、その緩衝装置２０が取り付けられるマウント装置１０及びショックアブソーバ１について説明する。図１には、ショックアブソーバ１のピストンロッド４の中心軸Ｃを含む断面が示されている。 Preferred embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. A shock absorber 20, a mounting device 10 to which the shock absorber 20 is attached, and a shock absorber 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. FIG. 1 shows a cross section including the central axis C of the piston rod 4 of the shock absorber 1. As shown in FIG.

図１に示すように、ショックアブソーバ１は、主に車輪（図示せず）と車体（図示せず）とを繋ぎ、車輪から車体への振動を緩衝するためのサスペンションの一部である。ショックアブソーバ１は、車体を支えつつ車輪からの衝撃を吸収するコイルスプリング（図示せず）の振動を減衰する。ショックアブソーバ１は、車輪側に取り付けられるシリンダ２と、シリンダ２の軸方向端面３から突出するピストンロッド４とを主に備える。ショックアブソーバ１は、車輪からの荷重入力に伴って、シリンダ２からのピストンロッド４の突出量が変化して伸縮し、振動を減衰する。 As shown in FIG. 1, a shock absorber 1 is a part of a suspension that mainly connects a wheel (not shown) and a vehicle body (not shown) to absorb vibration from the wheel to the vehicle body. The shock absorber 1 attenuates the vibration of a coil spring (not shown) that absorbs shock from the wheels while supporting the vehicle body. A shock absorber 1 mainly includes a cylinder 2 attached to a wheel and a piston rod 4 projecting from an axial end surface 3 of the cylinder 2 . The shock absorber 1 expands and contracts as the amount of protrusion of the piston rod 4 from the cylinder 2 changes according to the load input from the wheel, thereby damping vibration.

ピストンロッド４はマウント装置１０を介して車体に固定されている。マウント装置１０は、ピストンロッド４の先端が挿入されて締結固定される円筒部１１と、その円筒部１１から径方向外側へ張り出す円板部１２と、ゴムや熱可塑性エラストマなどの弾性体により形成されて円板部１２の周囲を取り囲む弾性部１３と、中心軸Ｃの軸方向の両側から弾性部１３を挟む第１固定具１４及び第２固定具１５と、を備えている。 The piston rod 4 is fixed to the vehicle body via a mounting device 10. As shown in FIG. The mount device 10 comprises a cylindrical portion 11 into which the tip of the piston rod 4 is inserted and fixed by fastening, a disk portion 12 projecting radially outward from the cylindrical portion 11, and an elastic body such as rubber or thermoplastic elastomer. An elastic portion 13 formed to surround the disk portion 12, and a first fixture 14 and a second fixture 15 sandwiching the elastic part 13 from both sides in the axial direction of the central axis C are provided.

第１固定具１４及び第２固定具１５は、車体側に固定される金属製の部材である。第１固定具１４は、弾性部１３に対してシリンダ２とは反対側に位置する板材である。第２固定具１５は、弾性部１３の外周面を囲む筒体と、その筒体の一端を塞いで弾性部１３のシリンダ２側に接触する板部とを有している。その第２固定具１５の板部の中央には、ピストンロッド４が通る貫通孔１５ａが設けられている。 The first fixture 14 and the second fixture 15 are metal members fixed to the vehicle body. The first fixture 14 is a plate member located on the side opposite to the cylinder 2 with respect to the elastic portion 13 . The second fixture 15 has a cylindrical body that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the elastic portion 13 and a plate portion that closes one end of the cylindrical body and contacts the elastic portion 13 on the cylinder 2 side. A through hole 15a through which the piston rod 4 passes is provided in the center of the plate portion of the second fixture 15 .

緩衝装置２０は、マウント装置１０の第２固定具１５に取り付けられる保持部材２１と、その保持部材２１に保持される弾性体から形成される緩衝部材３０と、を備えている。緩衝装置２０は、ショックアブソーバ１の収縮時、シリンダ２の軸方向端面３とマウント装置１０との間で緩衝部材３０が圧縮されることによってシリンダ２（車輪側）からマウント装置１０（車体側）へ伝達される衝撃を吸収する。緩衝装置２０は、中心軸Ｃに関して軸対称に形成されている。よって、本実施形態では、中心軸Ｃの軸方向および軸直角方向をそれぞれ緩衝装置２０の各部の軸方向および径方向として説明する。 The damping device 20 includes a holding member 21 attached to the second fixture 15 of the mounting device 10 and a damping member 30 made of an elastic body held by the holding member 21 . When the shock absorber 1 contracts, the buffer member 30 is compressed between the axial end surface 3 of the cylinder 2 and the mount device 10, so that the shock absorber 20 is compressed from the cylinder 2 (wheel side) to the mount device 10 (vehicle body side). Absorbs shock transmitted to The shock absorber 20 is axially symmetrical with respect to the central axis C. As shown in FIG. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the axial direction of the central axis C and the direction perpendicular to the axis will be described as the axial direction and the radial direction of each part of the shock absorber 20, respectively.

保持部材２１は、緩衝部材３０（硬質部３５）よりも高剛性な（ヤング率が大きい）金属製の部材であり、カップ状に形成されている。保持部材２１は、第２固定具１５の板部のシリンダ２側に重ねて取り付けられる底部２２と、その底部２２の外周縁からシリンダ２側（後述の第２端３１ｂ側）へ延びる筒状の壁部２３と、を備えている。 The holding member 21 is a metal member having higher rigidity (larger Young's modulus) than the cushioning member 30 (hard portion 35), and is formed in a cup shape. The holding member 21 includes a bottom portion 22 that is superimposed on the cylinder 2 side of the plate portion of the second fixture 15, and a tubular shape that extends from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 22 toward the cylinder 2 side (toward a second end 31b described later). A wall portion 23 is provided.

底部２２は、筒状の壁部２３の軸方向の一端を塞ぐ略円環板状の部材であり、その中央をピストンロッド４が貫通する。底部２２は、中心軸Ｃと略垂直に形成されている。底部２２は、内周縁から第１固定具１４側へ延びる筒体を貫通孔１５ａに挿入し、その筒体の先端を径方向外側へ曲げることで、第２固定具１５に取り付けられている。 The bottom portion 22 is a substantially annular plate-like member that closes one end of the cylindrical wall portion 23 in the axial direction, and the piston rod 4 penetrates through the center of the bottom portion 22 . The bottom portion 22 is formed substantially perpendicular to the central axis C. As shown in FIG. The bottom portion 22 is attached to the second fixture 15 by inserting a cylindrical body extending from the inner peripheral edge toward the first fixture 14 into the through hole 15a and bending the tip of the cylindrical body radially outward.

壁部２３は、内周面の一部を径方向内側へ曲げた被圧入部２３ａと、シリンダ２側の端部であって径方向外側へ湾曲する湾曲部２３ｂと、を備えている。壁部２３のうち被圧入部２３ａ及び湾曲部２３ｂを除いた部分が、底部２２から離れるにつれて中心軸Ｃからの距離が次第に大きくなる略円錐筒状に形成され、中心軸Ｃを含む断面において内周面および外周面が略直線状に形成されている。 The wall portion 23 includes a press-fitted portion 23a in which a portion of the inner peripheral surface is bent radially inward, and a curved portion 23b that is an end portion on the cylinder 2 side and curves radially outward. A portion of the wall portion 23 excluding the press-fitted portion 23a and the curved portion 23b is formed in a substantially conical cylindrical shape in which the distance from the central axis C gradually increases as the distance from the bottom portion 22 increases. The peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface are formed substantially linearly.

被圧入部２３ａは、壁部２３の略全周に亘って設けられる環状の部位である。被圧入部２３ａに緩衝部材３０が圧入されることで、保持部材２１に緩衝部材３０が保持される。湾曲部２３ｂは、壁部２３のシリンダ２側の端部に緩衝部材３０が押し付けられたときに、緩衝部材３０を破損し難くするための部位である。 The press-fitted portion 23 a is an annular portion that is provided over substantially the entire circumference of the wall portion 23 . The cushioning member 30 is held by the holding member 21 by press-fitting the cushioning member 30 into the press-fit portion 23a. The curved portion 23b is a portion for making the cushioning member 30 less likely to be damaged when the cushioning member 30 is pressed against the end portion of the wall portion 23 on the cylinder 2 side.

緩衝部材３０は、ピストンロッド４の外周を囲む筒状の弾性体であり、その軸方向に圧縮されて衝撃を吸収する。緩衝部材３０は、軟質ウレタンフォーム等の軟質フォーム製の軟質部３１と、軟質部３１と保持部材２１との間に介在されるゴム製の硬質部３５と、を備えている。即ち、硬質部３５よりも軟らかい弾性体により軟質部３１が形成されている。なお、軟質部３１の硬さや硬質部３５の硬さは、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６２５３－３：２０１２に準拠し、タイプＡデュロメータを用いて測定する。但し、タイプＡデュロメータを用いて測定した軟質部３１の硬さ及び硬質部３５の硬さの両方が２０未満を示す場合は、タイプＥデュロメータを用いて軟質部３１の硬さと硬質部３５の硬さとを比較する。 The cushioning member 30 is a tubular elastic body surrounding the outer periphery of the piston rod 4 and is compressed in its axial direction to absorb impact. The cushioning member 30 includes a soft portion 31 made of soft foam such as soft urethane foam, and a hard portion 35 made of rubber interposed between the soft portion 31 and the holding member 21 . That is, the soft portion 31 is made of an elastic material that is softer than the hard portion 35 . The hardness of the soft portion 31 and the hardness of the hard portion 35 are measured using a type A durometer according to JIS K6253-3:2012. However, if both the hardness of the soft portion 31 and the hardness of the hard portion 35 measured using a type A durometer show less than 20, the hardness of the soft portion 31 and the hardness of the hard portion 35 are measured using a type E durometer. Compare with

軟質部３１は、軸方向の第１端３１ａ及び第２端３１ｂを有する略円筒状の部位であり、第２端３１ｂがシリンダ２の軸方向端面３と対向している。軟質部３１は、第１端３１ａ側の一部に嵌合部３２を備える。嵌合部３２は、第２端３１ｂ側から第１端３１ａ側へ向かって外周面が段差状に広がった部分から第１端３１ａまでの部位である。 The soft portion 31 is a substantially cylindrical portion having a first axial end 31 a and a second axial end 31 b , and the second axial end 31 b faces the axial end face 3 of the cylinder 2 . The soft portion 31 has a fitting portion 32 at a portion on the first end 31a side. The fitting portion 32 is a portion from the portion where the outer peripheral surface widens stepwise from the second end 31b side toward the first end 31a side to the first end 31a.

軟質部３１の内周面には、全周に亘って連続する複数の凹みが設けられている。また、軟質部３１の外周面には、全周に亘って連続する複数の凹みが内周面の複数の凹みの間に設けられている。これらの凹みによって軟質部３１を軸方向に折り畳むように圧縮変形させることができる。 The inner peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 is provided with a plurality of recesses that are continuous over the entire circumference. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 is provided with a plurality of dents continuous over the entire circumference between the plurality of dents on the inner peripheral surface. These recesses allow the soft portion 31 to be compressed and deformed so as to be folded in the axial direction.

また、軟質部３１の外周面には、全周に亘って連続する凹溝が複数の凹みよりも第２端３１ｂ側に形成されている。この凹溝には、軟質部３１や硬質部３５よりも硬い材質（例えば合成樹脂）から形成されたリング部材３３が嵌められる。リング部材３３は、軟質部３１が軸方向に圧縮変形したときに、軟質部３１の第２端３１ｂ側が径方向外側へ広がらないように軟質部３１を径方向に拘束する。 Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31, grooves continuous over the entire circumference are formed closer to the second end 31b than the plurality of dents. A ring member 33 made of a material (for example, synthetic resin) harder than the soft portion 31 and the hard portion 35 is fitted into the concave groove. The ring member 33 radially constrains the soft portion 31 so that the second end 31b side of the soft portion 31 does not expand radially outward when the soft portion 31 is compressed and deformed in the axial direction.

硬質部３５は、カップ状の保持部材２１の内側に嵌めて取り付けられるカップ状の部位である。硬質部３５は、底部２２と軟質部３１の第１端３１ａとの間に軸方向に挟まれる基端部３６と、基端部３６から第２端３１ｂ側へ延びる筒部３７と、を備えている。 The hard portion 35 is a cup-shaped portion that is fitted and attached inside the cup-shaped holding member 21 . The hard portion 35 includes a base end portion 36 that is axially sandwiched between the bottom portion 22 and the first end 31a of the soft portion 31, and a cylindrical portion 37 that extends from the base end portion 36 toward the second end 31b. ing.

基端部３６は、中央をピストンロッド４が貫通する円環状の厚板である。基端部３６を被圧入部２３ａの内側に圧入し、基端部３６を底部２２に接触させることで、硬質部３５が保持部材２１に保持される。なお、基端部３６の外周面と壁部２３の内周面との間には、被圧入部２３ａの軸方向の両側に隙間が設けられている。 The base end portion 36 is an annular thick plate through which the piston rod 4 passes through the center. The hard portion 35 is held by the holding member 21 by press-fitting the base end portion 36 inside the press-fitted portion 23 a and bringing the base end portion 36 into contact with the bottom portion 22 . Between the outer peripheral surface of the base end portion 36 and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 23, gaps are provided on both sides in the axial direction of the press-fitted portion 23a.

筒部３７の径方向寸法よりも基端部３６の径方向寸法が大きいので、筒部３７を径方向に圧縮したときの弾性力よりも、基端部３６を径方向に圧入したときの弾性力の方が大きい。そのため、基端部３６を被圧入部２３ａに圧入することで、筒部３７を被圧入部２３ａに圧入する場合と比べて、保持部材２１から硬質部３５を外れ難くできる。 Since the radial dimension of the base end portion 36 is larger than the radial dimension of the cylindrical portion 37, the elasticity when the base end portion 36 is press-fitted in the radial direction is greater than the elastic force when the cylindrical portion 37 is compressed in the radial direction. power is greater. Therefore, by press-fitting the base end portion 36 into the press-fitted portion 23a, the hard portion 35 is less likely to come off from the holding member 21 than when the cylindrical portion 37 is press-fitted into the press-fitted portion 23a.

筒部３７は、基端部３６の外周側から第２端３１ｂへ向かって延びる円筒状の部位である。筒部３７は、軟質部３１の第１端３１ａ側の一部の外周面に密着して、軟質部３１の外周面と壁部２３の内周面との間に配置される。筒部３７の内周面には、径方向内側へ突出する突出部３８が設けられている。筒部３７に第１端３１ａから軟質部３１を挿入し、筒部３７のうち突出部３８よりも基端部３６側の部分に軟質部３１の嵌合部３２を嵌めることで、軟質部３１が硬質部３５に保持される。 The cylindrical portion 37 is a cylindrical portion extending from the outer peripheral side of the base end portion 36 toward the second end 31b. The cylindrical portion 37 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 23 in close contact with a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 on the first end 31 a side. A protruding portion 38 protruding radially inward is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 37 . By inserting the soft portion 31 into the cylindrical portion 37 from the first end 31a and fitting the fitting portion 32 of the soft portion 31 to a portion of the cylindrical portion 37 closer to the base end portion 36 than the projecting portion 38, the soft portion 31 is is held by the hard portion 35 .

筒部３７は、壁部２３の湾曲部２３ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側へ延びている。そして、その筒部３７の第２端３１ｂ側の先端には、シリンダ２の外周側まで延びる筒状のダストカバー３９が一体成形されている。ダストカバー３９は、ショックアブソーバ１へのダストの侵入を防ぐ部材である。 The cylindrical portion 37 extends from the curved portion 23b of the wall portion 23 toward the second end 31b. A tubular dust cover 39 extending to the outer peripheral side of the cylinder 2 is integrally formed at the tip of the tubular portion 37 on the second end 31b side. The dust cover 39 is a member that prevents dust from entering the shock absorber 1 .

筒部３７の外周面は、緩衝部材３０（軟質部３１及び硬質部３５）が圧縮されていない状態（以下、「非圧縮状態」と称す）において、壁部２３との間に隙間Ｓを設けて対面する第１面３７ａと、第１面３７ａの第２端３１ｂ側に連なって壁部２３の内周面と接触する第２面３７ｂと、第２面３７ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側に位置して径方向外側へ張り出す第３面３７ｃと、を備えている。 A gap S is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 37 and the wall portion 23 in a state in which the cushioning member 30 (the soft portion 31 and the hard portion 35) is not compressed (hereinafter referred to as "uncompressed state"). a first surface 37a that faces the second end 31b side of the first surface 37a and a second surface 37b that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 23; and a third surface 37c positioned and projecting radially outward.

第１面３７ａは、中心軸Ｃを含む断面において壁部２３の内周面と略平行に形成され、基端部３６の外周面に連なっている。第１面３７ａは、第２面３７ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側であって湾曲部２３ｂの径方向内側にも僅かに設けられている。第２面３７ｂは、第１面３７ａに対して隙間Ｓの分だけ径方向外側へ張り出すことで壁部２３と接触し、筒部３７の全周に亘って設けられている。 The first surface 37 a is formed substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 23 in a cross section including the central axis C, and continues to the outer peripheral surface of the base end portion 36 . The first surface 37a is provided closer to the second end 31b than the second surface 37b and slightly inside the curved portion 23b in the radial direction. The second surface 37 b protrudes radially outward by a gap S from the first surface 37 a so as to come into contact with the wall portion 23 and is provided over the entire circumference of the tubular portion 37 .

第３面３７ｃは、湾曲部２３ｂと径方向に対面する第１面３７ａの第２端３１ｂ側に連なり、湾曲部２３ｂと軸方向に対面する。硬質部３５が軸方向に大きく圧縮されたときに、第３面３７ｃが湾曲部２３ｂに当たることで、硬質部３５の圧縮変形を規制できる。 The third surface 37c continues to the second end 31b side of the first surface 37a facing the curved portion 23b in the radial direction, and faces the curved portion 23b in the axial direction. When the hard portion 35 is greatly compressed in the axial direction, the compressive deformation of the hard portion 35 can be restricted by the contact of the third surface 37c with the curved portion 23b.

以上のような緩衝装置２０によれば、ショックアブソーバ１が収縮して底部２２とシリンダ２との間で緩衝部材３０が軸方向に圧縮されるとき、硬質部３５よりも軟質部３１が軟らかいので、まずは軟質部３１が軸方向に圧縮され、軟質部３１が所定量圧縮された後に硬質部３５が圧縮される。さらに、軸方向に圧縮された軟質部３１が径方向外側へ膨らむことを筒部３７により規制でき、筒部３７の径方向外側への膨らみを壁部２３により規制できる。これらの結果、緩衝部材３０の圧縮量が少ないときは、軟質部３１の圧縮変形による軟らかいばね特性を発揮でき、その圧縮量が大きくなると、軟質部３１及び硬質部３５の圧縮変形による硬いばね特性を発揮できる。よって、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時の衝撃を低減しつつ、緩衝部材３０によりショックアブソーバ１の収縮を確実に規制できるので、車両の乗り心地を向上しつつ操縦安定性を確保できる。 According to the damping device 20 as described above, when the shock absorber 1 contracts and the damping member 30 is axially compressed between the bottom portion 22 and the cylinder 2, the soft portion 31 is softer than the hard portion 35. First, the soft portion 31 is axially compressed, and after the soft portion 31 is compressed by a predetermined amount, the hard portion 35 is compressed. Further, the radially outward expansion of the axially compressed soft portion 31 can be restricted by the tubular portion 37 , and the radially outward expansion of the tubular portion 37 can be restricted by the wall portion 23 . As a result, when the amount of compression of the buffer member 30 is small, soft spring characteristics due to compressive deformation of the soft portion 31 can be exhibited, and when the amount of compression increases, hard spring characteristics due to compressive deformation of the soft portion 31 and the hard portion 35 can be exhibited. can demonstrate Therefore, the cushioning member 30 can reliably restrict the contraction of the shock absorber 1 while reducing the impact when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed, so that the ride comfort of the vehicle can be improved and the steering stability can be ensured.

さらに、非圧縮状態において筒部３７の第１面３７ａと壁部２３との間に隙間Ｓがあるので、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時、筒部３７の第１面３７ａを壁部２３へ向かって膨らませることができる。これにより、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時の荷重－撓み曲線の荷重の立ち上がりを緩やかにでき、緩衝装置２０の緩衝性能を確保できる。 Furthermore, since there is a gap S between the first surface 37a of the cylindrical portion 37 and the wall portion 23 in the non-compressed state, the first surface 37a of the cylindrical portion 37 faces the wall portion 23 when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed. can be inflated. As a result, the rise of the load in the load-deflection curve when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed can be moderated, and the cushioning performance of the cushioning device 20 can be ensured.

圧縮変形時に径方向外側へ膨らんだ筒部３７の外周面と壁部２３の内周面とが密着した後、その圧縮が解除されたときには、圧縮前（非圧縮状態）に隙間Ｓがあった第１面３７ａと壁部２３とが一気に離れて空気が勢いよく入り込んで異音が発生する。また、圧縮が解除されたときに、壁部２３の第２端３１ｂ側の端部（湾曲部２３ｂ）を自由端として壁部２３が振動して異音が発生する。 After the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 37 swelled radially outward during compressive deformation and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 23 are brought into close contact with each other, when the compression is released, there is a gap S before compression (uncompressed state). The first surface 37a and the wall portion 23 are suddenly separated from each other, and the air rushes in, generating an abnormal noise. Further, when the compression is released, the wall portion 23 vibrates with the end portion (curved portion 23b) of the wall portion 23 on the side of the second end 31b as a free end, and abnormal noise is generated.

しかし、本実施形態では、第１面３７ａよりも第２端３１ｂ側に位置する第２面３７ｂと壁部２３とを接触させて隙間Ｓの体積を小さくできるので、その隙間Ｓに入る空気量を減らして異音を発生し難くできる。さらに、第２面３７ｂと壁部２３とを接触させて壁部２３の振動を抑制できるので、その壁部２３の振動に起因した異音の発生を抑制できる。その結果、緩衝部材３０の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる。 However, in the present embodiment, the second surface 37b located closer to the second end 31b than the first surface 37a is brought into contact with the wall portion 23 so that the volume of the gap S can be reduced. can be reduced to make noise less likely to occur. Furthermore, since the vibration of the wall portion 23 can be suppressed by bringing the second surface 37b and the wall portion 23 into contact with each other, the generation of abnormal noise caused by the vibration of the wall portion 23 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult to generate noise when the buffer member 30 expands and contracts.

特に、壁部２３に接触する第２面３７ｂが筒部３７の全周に亘って設けられているので、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時に径方向外側へ膨らもうとする筒部３７によって、第２面３７ｂよりも底部２２側の第１面３７ａと壁部２３との間の隙間Ｓの空気を圧縮できる。そして、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形が解除されるときには、第１面３７ａと壁部２３との間で圧縮されていた空気が再び膨張するので、第１面３７ａと壁部２３との隙間Ｓに入る空気量をより減らすことができ、その空気の入り込みによる異音を発生し難くできる。その結果、緩衝部材３０の伸縮時の異音をより発生し難くできる。 In particular, since the second surface 37b in contact with the wall portion 23 is provided over the entire circumference of the tubular portion 37, the tubular portion 37, which tends to bulge radially outward when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed, causes the The air in the gap S between the wall portion 23 and the first surface 37a closer to the bottom portion 22 than the second surface 37b can be compressed. When the compressive deformation of the buffer member 30 is released, the air compressed between the first surface 37a and the wall portion 23 expands again. It is possible to further reduce the amount of entering air, and to make it difficult to generate abnormal noise due to the entering of the air. As a result, it is possible to make it more difficult for the shock-absorbing member 30 to generate abnormal noise when expanding and contracting.

壁部２３と接触する第２面３７ｂの一部は、突出部３８を径方向外側へ投影した領域Ａに位置する。これにより、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時に突出部３８が径方向外側へ広がり過ぎることを壁部２３によって防止できる。これにより、突出部３８から嵌合部３２を抜け難くできるので、硬質部３５に軟質部３１を保持した状態を維持し易くできる。 A portion of the second surface 37b that contacts the wall portion 23 is located in an area A where the projecting portion 38 is projected radially outward. Thus, the wall portion 23 can prevent the projecting portion 38 from expanding too much radially outward when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed. This makes it difficult for the fitting portion 32 to come off from the protruding portion 38, so that the state in which the soft portion 31 is held by the hard portion 35 can be easily maintained.

壁部２３の第２端３１ｂ側の端部である湾曲部２３ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側へ筒部３７が延びているので、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形に伴って径方向外側へ広がった軟質部３１が壁部２３に当たることを筒部３７によって防止できる。軟らかい軟質部３１が壁部２３の端部に食い込んで軟質部３１が破損することを防止できる。そして、湾曲部２３ｂが径方向外側へ湾曲しているので、圧縮変形に伴って径方向外側へ膨らんだ比較的硬い筒部３７を湾曲部２３ｂに食い込み難くでき、筒部３７を破損し難くできる。このようにして軟質部３１及び硬質部３５の耐久性を確保できる。 Since the tubular portion 37 extends toward the second end 31b side of the curved portion 23b, which is the end portion of the wall portion 23 on the second end 31b side, the softness that expands radially outward as the cushioning member 30 compresses and deforms. The cylindrical portion 37 can prevent the portion 31 from coming into contact with the wall portion 23 . It is possible to prevent the soft portion 31 from biting into the end portion of the wall portion 23 and breaking the soft portion 31 . Further, since the curved portion 23b is curved radially outward, the relatively hard cylindrical portion 37, which swells radially outward due to compressive deformation, is less likely to bite into the curved portion 23b, and the cylindrical portion 37 is less likely to be damaged. . In this manner, the durability of the soft portion 31 and the hard portion 35 can be ensured.

さらに、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時には、径方向外側へ湾曲する湾曲部２３ｂと筒部３７とが径方向に強く密着し難い。そして、湾曲部２３ｂは、壁部２３のうち第２面３７ｂに接触した部分から径方向外側へ湾曲しているので、第２面３７ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側で筒部３７と壁部２３（湾曲部２３ｂ）とが接触した後に離れて異音が発生することを抑制できる。これにより、緩衝部材３０の伸縮時の異音をより発生し難くできる。 Furthermore, when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed, it is difficult for the curved portion 23b that curves radially outward and the cylindrical portion 37 to come into close contact with each other in the radial direction. Since the curved portion 23b is curved radially outward from a portion of the wall portion 23 that contacts the second surface 37b, the cylindrical portion 37 and the wall portion 23 are curved on the second end 31b side of the second surface 37b. (curved portion 23b) can be prevented from being separated from each other after coming into contact with each other. This makes it more difficult for the cushioning member 30 to generate abnormal noise when expanding and contracting.

また、筒部３７のうち第２面３７ｂに接触した部分から第２端３１ｂ側の先端２３ｃまでの軸方向の長さＬ２は、第２面３７ｂの軸方向の長さＬ１よりも短い。これにより、第２面３７ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側における筒部３７と壁部２３との隙間の体積を小さくできるので、その隙間への空気の入り込みによる異音を発生し難くできる。 In addition, the axial length L2 from the portion of the tubular portion 37 in contact with the second surface 37b to the tip 23c on the second end 31b side is shorter than the axial length L1 of the second surface 37b. As a result, the volume of the gap between the cylindrical portion 37 and the wall portion 23 on the second end 31b side of the second surface 37b can be made smaller, so that noise caused by air entering the gap is less likely to occur.

さらに、筒部３７の先端２３ｃは、突出部３８を径方向外側へ投影した領域Ａ内に位置している。これにより、壁部２３によって突出部３８から嵌合部３２を十分に抜け難くしつつ、筒部３７のうち第２面３７ｂに接触した部分から先端２３ｃまでの軸方向の長さＬ２をより短くできる。その結果、硬質部３５に軟質部３１を保持した状態を維持し易くしつつ、緩衝部材３０の伸縮時の異音をより発生し難くできる。 Furthermore, the tip 23c of the tubular portion 37 is positioned within a region A obtained by projecting the projecting portion 38 radially outward. As a result, the axial length L2 from the portion of the cylindrical portion 37 in contact with the second surface 37b to the tip 23c can be shortened while the wall portion 23 makes it difficult for the fitting portion 32 to come off from the projecting portion 38 sufficiently. can. As a result, it is possible to easily maintain the state in which the soft portion 31 is held by the hard portion 35, and to make it more difficult to generate abnormal noise when the buffer member 30 expands and contracts.

第１面３７ａに対して隙間Ｓの分だけ径方向外側へ第２面３７ｂが張り出し、壁部２３の内周面のうち第２面３７ｂが接触する部分と第１面３７ａが対面する部分とが、中心軸Ｃを含む断面において直線状に形成されている。このように壁部２３が第２面３７ｂに食い込んでないので、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時に、壁部２３の近傍における筒部３７の軸方向の圧縮変形が、第２面３７ｂに食い込んだ壁部２３によって規制されることを防止できる。その結果、緩衝部材３０の圧縮変形時の荷重－撓み曲線の荷重の立ち上がりをより緩やかにできる。 The second surface 37b protrudes radially outward by the gap S with respect to the first surface 37a. is formed linearly in a cross section including the central axis C. Since the wall portion 23 does not bite into the second surface 37b in this way, when the cushioning member 30 is compressed and deformed, the axial compressive deformation of the tubular portion 37 in the vicinity of the wall portion 23 does not cut into the second surface 37b. 23 can be prevented. As a result, the rise of the load in the load-deflection curve during compressive deformation of the cushioning member 30 can be made more gradual.

次に図３を参照して第２実施形態について説明する。第１実施形態では、第１面３７ａに対して第２面３７ｂを径方向外側へ張り出させて第２面３７ｂを壁部２３に接触させる場合について説明した。これに対して第２実施形態では、壁部４２を径方向内側へ突出させた凸部４３を筒部４６の第２面４７に接触させる場合について説明する。なお、第１実施形態と同一の部分については、同一の符号を付して以下の説明を省略する。 Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1st Embodiment demonstrated the case where the 2nd surface 37b was extended to the radial direction outer side with respect to the 1st surface 37a, and the 2nd surface 37b was made to contact the wall part 23. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, a case will be described in which the convex portion 43 that protrudes radially inward from the wall portion 42 is brought into contact with the second surface 47 of the tubular portion 46 . Note that the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as in the first embodiment, and the following description is omitted.

図３に示すように緩衝装置４０は、マウント装置１０（図１参照）の第２固定具１５に取り付けられる保持部材４１と、その保持部材４１に保持される弾性体から形成される緩衝部材４４と、を備えている。保持部材４１は、緩衝部材４４の硬質部４５よりも高剛性な金属製の部材であり、カップ状に形成されている。保持部材４１は、第２固定具１５に取り付けられる底部２２と、その底部２２の外周縁からシリンダ２側（図３紙面下方）へ延びる筒状の壁部４２と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the damping device 40 includes a holding member 41 attached to the second fixture 15 of the mounting device 10 (see FIG. 1), and a damping member 44 made of an elastic body held by the holding member 41. and have. The holding member 41 is a metal member having higher rigidity than the rigid portion 45 of the buffer member 44 and is formed in a cup shape. The holding member 41 includes a bottom portion 22 attached to the second fixture 15, and a cylindrical wall portion 42 extending from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 22 toward the cylinder 2 (downward in FIG. 3).

壁部４２は、内周面の一部を径方向内側へ曲げた被圧入部２３ａと、シリンダ２側の端部であって径方向外側へ湾曲する湾曲部２３ｂと、その湾曲部２３ｂの底部２２側に連なって内周面を径方向内側へ突出させる凸部４３と、を備えている。壁部４２のうち被圧入部２３ａ、湾曲部２３ｂ及び凸部４３を除いた部分が、底部２２から離れるにつれて中心軸Ｃからの距離が次第に大きくなる略円錐筒状に形成され、中心軸Ｃを含む断面において内周面および外周面が略直線状に形成されている。凸部４３は、壁部４２の略全周に亘って設けられる環状の部位である。 The wall portion 42 includes a press-fitted portion 23a formed by bending a portion of the inner peripheral surface radially inward, a curved portion 23b that is the end on the cylinder 2 side and curves radially outward, and a bottom portion of the curved portion 23b. A convex portion 43 that continues to the 22 side and projects the inner peripheral surface radially inward is provided. A portion of the wall portion 42 excluding the press-fitted portion 23a, the curved portion 23b, and the convex portion 43 is formed in a substantially conical cylindrical shape in which the distance from the central axis C gradually increases as the distance from the bottom portion 22 increases. In a cross section including the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface are formed in a substantially straight line. The convex portion 43 is an annular portion provided over substantially the entire circumference of the wall portion 42 .

緩衝部材４４の硬質部４５の筒部４６は、硬質部４５の基端部３６の外周側から第２端３１ｂ（図３紙面下方）へ向かって延びる円筒状の部位であり、湾曲部２３ｂよりも第２端３１ｂ側へ延びている。筒部４６は、軟質部３１の第１端３１ａ側の一部の外周面に密着して、軟質部３１の外周面と壁部４２の内周面との間に配置される。筒部４６の内周面から径方向内側へ突出する突出部３８によって、硬質部４５に軟質部３１が保持されている。 The tubular portion 46 of the rigid portion 45 of the cushioning member 44 is a cylindrical portion extending from the outer peripheral side of the base end portion 36 of the rigid portion 45 toward the second end 31b (downward of the paper surface of FIG. 3), and extends from the curved portion 23b. also extends toward the second end 31b. The cylindrical portion 46 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 42 in close contact with a part of the outer peripheral surface of the soft portion 31 on the first end 31 a side. The soft portion 31 is held by the hard portion 45 by a protruding portion 38 protruding radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 46 .

筒部４６の外周面は、壁部４２との間に隙間Ｓを設けて対面する第１面３７ａと、第１面３７ａの第２端３１ｂ側に連なって壁部４２の凸部４３の内周面と接触する第２面４７と、第２面４７よりも第２端３１ｂ側に位置して径方向外側へ張り出す第３面３７ｃと、を備えている。 The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 46 includes a first surface 37a that faces the wall portion 42 with a gap S provided therebetween, and a first surface 37a that continues to the second end 31b side of the first surface 37a and extends inside the convex portion 43 of the wall portion 42. It has a second surface 47 that contacts the peripheral surface, and a third surface 37c that is located closer to the second end 31b than the second surface 47 and protrudes radially outward.

中心軸Ｃを含む断面において、硬質部４５を保持部材４１に取り付けていない状態では、第１面３７ａと第２面４７とが略直線状に形成される。凸部４３の径方向内側への突出量が隙間Ｓの径方向寸法よりも大きいので、凸部４３に筒部４６が圧入されるようにして第２面４７が凸部４３と接触している。このように、被圧入部２３ａに基端部３６を圧入するだけでなく、凸部４３に筒部４６を圧入しているので、保持部材４１から硬質部４５をより外れ難くできる。 In a cross section including the central axis C, the first surface 37a and the second surface 47 are formed substantially linearly when the hard portion 45 is not attached to the holding member 41 . Since the radially inward protrusion amount of the convex portion 43 is larger than the radial dimension of the gap S, the second surface 47 is in contact with the convex portion 43 so that the cylindrical portion 46 is press-fitted into the convex portion 43 . . In this way, not only is the base end portion 36 press-fitted into the press-fitted portion 23 a , but also the cylindrical portion 46 is press-fitted into the convex portion 43 , so that the hard portion 45 is more difficult to come off from the holding member 41 .

さらに、凸部４３により径方向に予圧縮された第２面４７の一部は、突出部３８を径方向外側へ投影した領域Ａに位置する。このように筒部４６の領域Ａの一部が径方向内側へ予圧縮されているので、緩衝部材４４の圧縮変形時に突出部３８を径方向外側へ広がり難くできる。その結果、突出部３８から嵌合部３２をより抜け難くできるので、硬質部４５に軟質部３１を保持した状態をより維持し易くできる。 Further, a portion of the second surface 47 radially pre-compressed by the convex portion 43 is located in a region A where the projecting portion 38 is projected radially outward. Since a portion of the region A of the tubular portion 46 is pre-compressed radially inward in this manner, the projecting portion 38 is less likely to expand radially outward when the cushioning member 44 is compressed and deformed. As a result, it is possible to make it more difficult for the fitting portion 32 to come off from the projecting portion 38, so that the state in which the soft portion 31 is held by the hard portion 45 can be more easily maintained.

以上のような緩衝装置４０によれば、第１実施形態と同様に、緩衝部材４４の非圧縮状態において、筒部４６の第１面３７ａが壁部４２に接触せず、筒部４６の第２面４７が壁部４２に接触しているので、緩衝装置４０の緩衝性能を確保しつつ、緩衝部材４４の伸縮時の異音を発生し難くできる。 According to the cushioning device 40 as described above, in the non-compressed state of the cushioning member 44, the first surface 37a of the tubular portion 46 does not come into contact with the wall portion 42, and the first surface 37a of the tubular portion 46 does not contact the wall portion 42, as in the first embodiment. Since the two surfaces 47 are in contact with the wall portion 42 , it is possible to ensure the cushioning performance of the cushioning device 40 while making it difficult to generate noise when the cushioning member 44 expands and contracts.

壁部４２の凸部４３により第２面４７が径方向に予圧縮されているので、緩衝部材４４の軸方向の圧縮が解除されて径方向への膨らみが元に戻るときの勢いによって第２面４７と凸部４３とが離れることを抑制できる。これにより、第２面４７と凸部４３とが離れて再び接触するときの打音を発生し難くできる。 Since the second surface 47 is pre-compressed in the radial direction by the protrusions 43 of the wall portion 42 , the axial compression of the cushioning member 44 is released and the radial bulge returns to its original state. Separation of the surface 47 and the convex portion 43 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult to generate a hammering sound when the second surface 47 and the convex portion 43 separate and come into contact with each other again.

また、筒部４６の全周に亘って第２面４７が凸部４３により予圧縮されているので、緩衝部材４４の圧縮変形に伴って隙間Ｓ内で圧縮された空気を第２面４７と凸部４３との間から漏れ難くできる。これにより、緩衝部材４４の圧縮変形が解除されたときに、隙間Ｓ内に空気を入り込み難くでき、その空気の入り込みによる異音の発生を抑制できる。その結果、緩衝部材４４の伸縮時の異音をより発生し難くできる。 In addition, since the second surface 47 is pre-compressed by the convex portion 43 over the entire circumference of the cylindrical portion 46, the air compressed in the gap S due to the compressive deformation of the cushioning member 44 can be Leakage from between the protrusions 43 can be made difficult. As a result, when the compressive deformation of the cushioning member 44 is released, it is possible to prevent air from entering the gap S, thereby suppressing the generation of abnormal noise caused by the entry of the air. As a result, it is possible to make it more difficult to generate noise when the buffer member 44 expands and contracts.

次に図４を参照して第３実施形態について説明する。第１，２実施形態では、被圧入部２３ａに基端部３６を圧入して保持部材２１，５１に硬質部３５，４５を保持させる場合について説明した。これに対して第３実施形態では、被圧入部２３ａを省略して凸部４３に筒部４６を圧入して保持部材５１に硬質部４５を保持させる場合について説明する。なお、第１，２実施形態と同一の部分については、同一の符号を付して以下の説明を省略する。 Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first and second embodiments, the case where the base end portion 36 is press-fitted into the press-fitted portion 23a and the hard portions 35, 45 are held by the holding members 21, 51 has been described. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the press-fitted portion 23a is omitted, and the cylindrical portion 46 is press-fitted into the convex portion 43 so that the holding member 51 holds the hard portion 45 will be described. The same parts as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description below is omitted.

図４に示すように緩衝装置５０は、マウント装置１０（図１参照）の第２固定具１５に取り付けられる保持部材５１と、その保持部材５１に保持される弾性体から形成される緩衝部材４４と、を備えている。保持部材５１は、緩衝部材４４の硬質部４５よりも高剛性な金属製の部材であり、カップ状に形成されている。保持部材５１は、第２固定具１５に取り付けられる底部２２と、その底部２２の外周縁からシリンダ２側（図４紙面下方）へ延びる筒状の壁部５２と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the damping device 50 includes a holding member 51 attached to the second fixture 15 of the mounting device 10 (see FIG. 1), and a damping member 44 made of an elastic material held by the holding member 51. and have. The holding member 51 is a metal member having higher rigidity than the rigid portion 45 of the buffer member 44 and is formed in a cup shape. The holding member 51 includes a bottom portion 22 attached to the second fixture 15, and a cylindrical wall portion 52 extending from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 22 toward the cylinder 2 (downward in FIG. 4).

壁部５２は、第２実施形態の壁部４２から被圧入部２３ａを省略した以外は壁部４２と同様に形成されている。即ち、壁部５２は、底部２２から凸部４３までの部位が、底部２２から離れるにつれて中心軸Ｃからの距離が次第に大きくなる略円錐筒状に形成され、中心軸Ｃを含む断面において内周面および外周面が略直線状に形成されている。壁部５２の凸部４３に筒部４６を圧入することで、保持部材５１に硬質部４５が保持されている。言い換えると、凸部４３に筒部４６を圧入できるので、基端部３６が圧入される被圧入部２３ａを省略できる。 The wall portion 52 is formed in the same manner as the wall portion 42 of the second embodiment, except that the press-fitted portion 23a is omitted. That is, the wall portion 52 is formed in a substantially conical cylindrical shape in which the portion from the bottom portion 22 to the convex portion 43 gradually increases in distance from the central axis C as the distance from the bottom portion 22 increases. The surface and the outer peripheral surface are formed substantially linearly. The rigid portion 45 is held by the holding member 51 by press-fitting the cylindrical portion 46 into the convex portion 43 of the wall portion 52 . In other words, since the cylindrical portion 46 can be press-fitted into the convex portion 43, the press-fitted portion 23a into which the base end portion 36 is press-fitted can be omitted.

被圧入部２３ａを省略することで、第２面４７よりも底部２２側の硬質部４５の外周面と壁部５２の内周面との隙間Ｓを、底部２２まで拡張できる。これにより、緩衝部材４４の圧縮変形時、硬質部４５を壁部５２へ向かってより大きく膨らませることができるので、緩衝部材４４の圧縮変形時の荷重－撓み曲線の荷重の立ち上がりをより緩やかにでき、緩衝装置５０の緩衝性能を向上できる。 By omitting the press-fitted portion 23 a , the gap S between the outer peripheral surface of the hard portion 45 closer to the bottom portion 22 than the second surface 47 and the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 52 can be expanded to the bottom portion 22 . As a result, when the cushioning member 44 is compressed and deformed, the hard portion 45 can be expanded further toward the wall portion 52, so that the load rise of the load-deflection curve when the cushioning member 44 is compressed and deformed becomes more gradual. and the shock absorbing performance of the shock absorbing device 50 can be improved.

以上、実施形態に基づき本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良変形が可能であることは容易に推察できるものである。例えば、マウント装置１０や保持部材２１，４１，５１、緩衝部材３０，４４の各部の形状や寸法を適宜変更しても良い。硬質部３５，４５とは別に形成されたダストカバーを保持部材２１，４１，５１等に取り付けても良い。 Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is by no means limited to the above embodiments, and it is easily conjectured that various improvements and modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is possible. For example, the shape and dimensions of each part of the mount device 10, the holding members 21, 41, 51, and the cushioning members 30, 44 may be changed as appropriate. A dust cover formed separately from the hard portions 35, 45 may be attached to the holding members 21, 41, 51 and the like.

上記形態では、ショックアブソーバ１のピストンロッド４に固定したマウント装置１０に緩衝装置２０，４０，５０を取り付ける場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。緩衝装置２０，４０，５０をシリンダ２側に取り付け、そのシリンダ２とマウント装置１０との間で緩衝部材３０，４４を圧縮変形させても良い。また、ショックアブソーバ１及びマウント装置１０以外の２部材間（例えばリーフスプリングと車体との間）に緩衝装置２０，４０，５０を配置して、その２部材間の衝撃を緩衝部材３０，４４によって吸収しても良い。特に、緩衝装置２０，４０，５０を車輪側のシャシと車体との間に配置し、緩衝装置２０，４０，５０によって車両の乗り心地を向上しつつ操縦安定性を確保できるようにすることが好ましい。なお、緩衝装置２０，４０，５０の中央を貫通するものがなければ、軟質部３１や基端部３６、底部２２の内周側を埋めても良い。 In the above embodiment, the case where the damping devices 20, 40, 50 are attached to the mounting device 10 fixed to the piston rod 4 of the shock absorber 1 has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. The damping devices 20 , 40 , 50 may be attached to the cylinder 2 side, and the damping members 30 , 44 may be compressed and deformed between the cylinder 2 and the mounting device 10 . In addition, shock absorbers 20, 40, 50 are arranged between two members other than the shock absorber 1 and the mount device 10 (for example, between the leaf spring and the vehicle body), and shocks between the two members are absorbed by the shock absorbers 30, 44. may be absorbed. In particular, the shock absorbers 20, 40, 50 are arranged between the wheel-side chassis and the vehicle body, and the shock absorbers 20, 40, 50 can improve the ride comfort of the vehicle and ensure steering stability. preferable. If there is nothing that penetrates through the center of the shock absorbers 20 , 40 , 50 , the soft portion 31 , the base end portion 36 , and the inner peripheral side of the bottom portion 22 may be filled.

上記形態では、軟質部３１が軟質フォーム製であり、硬質部３５，４５がゴム製である場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。硬質部３５，４５の弾性体よりも軟質部３１の弾性体が柔らかければ、それらの弾性体の種類を適宜変更しても良い。例えば、軟質部３１を熱可塑性エラストマや硬質ウレタンフォーム等を含む合成樹脂製、ゴム製などとしても良く、硬質部３５，４５を熱可塑性エラストマや硬質ウレタンフォーム等を含む合成樹脂製としても良い。また、保持部材２１，４１，５１を、硬質部３５，４５よりも高剛性な（ヤング率が大きい）合成樹脂製にしても良い。 Although the soft part 31 is made of flexible foam and the hard parts 35 and 45 are made of rubber in the above embodiment, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. If the elastic body of the soft portion 31 is softer than the elastic bodies of the hard portions 35 and 45, the types of those elastic bodies may be changed as appropriate. For example, the soft portion 31 may be made of synthetic resin or rubber including thermoplastic elastomer or rigid urethane foam, and the hard portions 35 and 45 may be made of synthetic resin such as thermoplastic elastomer or rigid urethane foam. Further, the holding members 21, 41, 51 may be made of synthetic resin having higher rigidity (larger Young's modulus) than the hard portions 35, 45.

上記形態では、壁部２３，４２，５２の内周面に接触する第２面３７ｂ，４７が筒部３７，４６の全周に亘って設けられる場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。壁部２３，４２，５２の内周面に接触する１つの第２面を筒部３７，４６の周方向の一部に設けても良く、複数の第２面を筒部３７，４６の周方向に断続的に設けても良い。 In the above embodiment, the case where the second surfaces 37b, 47 contacting the inner peripheral surfaces of the wall portions 23, 42, 52 are provided over the entire circumference of the cylindrical portions 37, 46 has been described, but this is not necessarily the case. is not. One second surface in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the wall portions 23, 42, 52 may be provided on a part of the cylindrical portions 37, 46 in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second surfaces may be provided on the circumferential portions of the cylindrical portions 37, 46. You may provide intermittently in a direction.

上記形態では、被圧入部２３ａや凸部４３に硬質部３５，４５を圧入して保持部材２１，４１，５１に硬質部３５，４５を保持させる場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。底部２２に基端部３６を接着剤により接着して保持部材２１，４１，５１に硬質部３５，４５を保持させても良い。 In the above embodiment, the hard parts 35, 45 are press-fitted into the press-fitted part 23a and the convex part 43 to hold the hard parts 35, 45 in the holding members 21, 41, 51. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. is not. The hard portions 35, 45 may be held by the holding members 21, 41, 51 by adhering the base end portion 36 to the bottom portion 22 with an adhesive.

２０，４０，５０ 緩衝装置
２１，４１，５１ 保持部材
２２ 底部
２３，４２，５２ 壁部
２３ｂ 湾曲部
３１ 軟質部
３１ａ 第１端
３１ｂ 第２端
３２ 嵌合部
３５，４５ 硬質部
３６ 基端部
３７，４６ 筒部
３７ａ 第１面
３７ｂ，４７ 第２面
３８ 突出部 20, 40, 50 shock absorber 21, 41, 51 holding member 22 bottom 23, 42, 52 wall 23b curved portion 31 soft portion 31a first end 31b second end 32 fitting portion 35, 45 hard portion 36 base end 37, 46 Cylindrical portion 37a First surface 37b, 47 Second surface 38 Protruding portion

Claims (4)

筒状の壁部と、前記壁部の軸方向の一端を塞ぐ底部とを有する保持部材と、
前記壁部の径方向の内側に位置して前記底部に接触した状態で前記保持部材に保持される弾性体製の硬質部と、
前記軸方向の第１端および第２端を有して前記第１端側が前記硬質部に保持されると共に前記硬質部よりも軟らかい弾性体製の軟質部と、を備え、
前記硬質部は、前記底部と前記第１端との間に挟まれる基端部と、
前記基端部から前記第２端側へ延びて前記軟質部の前記第１端側の一部の外周面と前記壁部との間に配置される筒部と、を備え、
前記筒部の外周面は、前記軟質部および前記硬質部が前記軸方向に圧縮されていない状態において、前記壁部の内周面との間に隙間を設けて対面する第１面と、
前記第１面よりも前記第２端側に位置して前記壁部の内周面に接触する第２面と、を備えていることを特徴とする緩衝装置。 a holding member having a cylindrical wall portion and a bottom portion that closes one axial end of the wall portion;
a hard portion made of an elastic body that is positioned radially inside the wall portion and held by the holding member while being in contact with the bottom portion;
a soft portion having a first end and a second end in the axial direction, the first end side being held by the hard portion and made of an elastic material that is softer than the hard portion;
The hard portion includes a base portion interposed between the bottom portion and the first end;
a cylindrical portion extending from the base end portion to the second end side and arranged between the outer peripheral surface of a part of the soft portion on the first end side and the wall portion,
an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, in a state in which the soft portion and the hard portion are not compressed in the axial direction, a first surface facing the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion with a gap therebetween;
and a second surface positioned closer to the second end than the first surface and in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the wall. 前記筒部は、内周面から前記径方向の内側へ突出する突出部と、
前記軟質部は、前記筒部のうち前記突出部よりも前記基端部側の部分に嵌まる嵌合部と、を備え、
前記第２面の少なくとも一部は、前記突出部を前記径方向の外側へ投影した領域に位置することを特徴とする請求項１記載の緩衝装置。 The tubular portion includes a protruding portion protruding inward in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface;
The soft portion includes a fitting portion that fits into a portion of the cylindrical portion closer to the base end than the protruding portion,
2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein at least part of said second surface is located in a region obtained by projecting said projecting portion outward in said radial direction. 前記壁部の前記第２端側の端部は、前記壁部のうち前記第２面に接触した部分から径方向外側へ湾曲する湾曲部であり、
前記筒部は、前記湾曲部よりも前記第２端側へ延びていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の緩衝装置。 an end portion of the wall portion on the second end side is a curved portion that curves radially outward from a portion of the wall portion that is in contact with the second surface;
3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the tubular portion extends toward the second end side from the curved portion. 前記第２面は、前記筒部の全周に亘って設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の緩衝装置。 The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second surface is provided over the entire circumference of the cylindrical portion.
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